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THe Queen continues her journey through Tyrole towards Italy, and is invited, and royally treat∣ed by the Prince the Bi∣shop of Trent. From Tyrole she passes concealed through the State of Venice. She enters into the Territory of Man∣toua, and is courteously received by that Duke. She is received on the
Confines of the Churches Dominions by the Nuntii of his Holinesse, where she is splendidly entertained. She re∣ceives the same entertainments in Bo∣logna, Imola, and Faenza, by the Cardinals Lomellino, Donghi, and Rossetti.
* 1.1THe next morning her Majesty advanced towards Trent, whence the Prince came and met her on horseback, accompanied by above two hundred and fifty Gentlemen, all persons of quality, among whom, besides the Baron of Fermiano afore∣said, the hereditary Marshal of the Principality of Trent, and Lord Chamberlain of the golden Key, to his Highnesse the Arch-Duke, there was the Vicar General Alberti, Dean Guelfi, the Arch-Deacon, Count John Baptist di Lodrone, Ber∣nard Malanotte, and Charles Pompe∣ati Canons of Trent. The Counts Philip di Lodrone, Paris di Lodrone, Colico di Arco. The Signiori Wal∣sperghieri, Gaudentio de Wolchestain, Christopher Mattirli, and others well
born, and of ancient and conspicuous Nobility.
At the village of Gardolo, three miles distant from Trent, the Prince alighting, and approaching to her Majesties Litter, gave her a short Complement, inviting her to dinner at his house, which her Majesty ac∣cepting with a very pleasant counte∣nance, he complemented likewise the Embassador Pimentel, Don An∣tonio della Cueva, Count Montecucco∣li, and my Lord Holstenius.
After this they went towards the City, the Prince riding on the right hand of Count Montecuccoli, before the Queens Litter. Her Majesty alighted at the gate of the Dome,* 1.2 and was there received by all the Clergy, the Canons intervening and assisting, under a Canopy carried by the Gentlemen of the Colledge of Trent. She kneeled on a cushion of cloth of gold, kissed the Crosse, and received holy water from my Lord Joseph Guelfi Dean of the Cathedral, going into the Church, where they sung the Hymne, She is beautiful, &c.
and kneeling at the Altar of the Crucifix, before which were publisht long since the decrees of the holy Council of Trent. Here on a royal Carpet raised from the ground, covered likewise with a cloath of state, shee heard with particular devotion the holy Masse, celebrated by the Vicar, after which, under the same Canopy, carryed as before, she went on foot to the Church of Saint Mary the greater, attended by many Ladies, and there hearing the famous Organ of that Church, renowned for the Council aforesaid held there, having likewise viewed the picture of the Sessions of the Council aforesaid, she went into her litter, giving order to be carried to the Church of Saint Peter, where she saw the uncorrupted and famous body of the glorious Martyr, and Childe, Simon of Trents going aftervards to dinner, to the Palace of Madruzzo. The table was royally furnisht with every thing the season would yeild,* 1.3 as well wild game as tame, with all other sorts of rare meats, fish of all kindes, sweet-meats,
and fruits, and in fine, with each thing that was excellent and noble, where the magnificence and punctuality of that generous and valorous Prince, most abundantly appeared. The Queen dined alone attended by the principal Cava∣liers.
At the same time, at another table with the Prince din'd the Embassador Pimentel, Don Antonio della Cueva, Count Montecuccoli, my Lord Hol∣stenius, and others of the chiefest of her Majesties Court, being exquisit∣ly treated, as were all the Officers and Gentlemen of her train.
Afer dinner the Queen retired a little while into her Chamber,* 1.4 and presently after the Prince waited on her, and after a short, but very cor∣dial Complement, her Majesty be∣gan again her journey, accompanied in the very same manner by the Prince and his train to the plain of Lidorno, which is distant three miles, where the said Prince alighting from his horse, paid again his respects to the Queen, and took his leave of her,
whose hand the Cavaliers and Gen∣tlemen of Trent kissed all one by one, she extending it courteously to them, and declaring her self much obliged for the honours and civilities received of them.
So her Majesty continued her journey, arriving that evening at Calliano, where the Barons Troppi, Lords of the place, and Gentlemen of very high esteem, made a most splendid feast, and the Castle of Be∣sen, a little way distant from thence, seated on a craggy mountain, which renders it inexpugnable, seconded it with discharging many Canon and Musquets. She departed thence the following morning, being the six∣teenth of November, and passing through Roveredo, was saluted by that Castle, with the noyse of the Artillery, the Mortar-pieces, and Musquets, going thence to Hall, a little town, but full of traffique, where she wrote to the Prince of Trent the following letter.
Dear Cosen,
YOur civilities and the noble enter∣tainment you gave me,* 2.1 have obli∣ged me in that manner, that I would not let the Arch-Dukes men return without again thanking you for them, and assuring you how much I desire the occasion to be able to acknowledge my gratitude to you, and give you some testimony of the sincerity, with which I am
Dear Cosen,
Your most affectionate Cosen and Friend, Christina.
From Hall the 17th of No∣vember 1655.
The day after, she passing through Borghetto, came out of the Arch-Dukes dominions, whose Officers and Train, which alwayes had at∣tended and defrayed her through that
State, took their leaves of her Maje∣sty.
* 2.2At the news of her Majesties ad∣vance towards the State of Venice, the Counts Giovanni Battista Allegri, and Marc Antonio Chiodo, both Of∣ficers to take care for the health of the City of Verona, and Gentlemen of great quality, and eminent birth, stood ready on the confines, to know of Don Antonio Pimentel what com∣pany he had in his train, to the end none but they might be suffered to passe, since every thing was done in his name, the Queen not desiring to be known, nor to be met by any, as 'twas punctually observed.
Her Majesty next to Hall, was to lye in the Village of Dolce above Chiusa, whereupon by his Excellen∣cies order, Signior Paolo Contarini the then Captain of Verona and a Sena∣tour of great quality, her lodgings were prepared as well as the narrow∣nesse and littlenesse of the incommo∣dious place would permit for receiving so numerous a train, where they wanted not any thing, the
season and occasion would afford, the charge of the reception being committed to the Marquis Sagramo∣so Sagramosi, and Count Giovanni Paolo Pompei, principal Cavaliers of Verona, well acquainted, and versed in the businesse.
They went with a noble retinue of Gentlemen their Camrades, with servants, and coaches with six horses apiece, to receive Pimentel aforesaid at the barrs of the passage, which were ih the village of Peri,* 2.3 and here they presented a letter from the Senatour Contareno to the Embassador Pimen∣tel, accompanying it with excuses, and expressions of good will which are usually observed in occurrences of that nature. The Embassadour accepted their relation with terms of much courtesie, and affectionate thanks. When they arrived at Dolce, they did all they could to accomo∣date them in their lodgings, where the treatment consisted of fish of the lake of Garda, of wilde game, shell∣fish, sweet meats, and most excellent wines, as well of that Countrey to
wit, Muskadine, and Garganicho esteemed the best, as of other Greek wines, and others brought from Ve∣nice, and was very splendid and agreeable to the Venetian great∣nesse.
* 2.4In Dolce the way was resolved on, which her Majesty should hold through Ussulengo, and the Island of Scala, towards the Countrey of Mantoua. On the eighteenth in the morning having passed the river Adige on a great bridge brought thi∣ther for the purpose, she went to Ussulengo that evening, being alwayes, though under the colour of the Em∣bassadour Pimentel served by Sagra∣moso and Pompei aforesaid, with the same entertainments.
* 2.5From Ussulengo at four houres in the night, my Lord Holstenius sent back the Courier, dispatcht to him before by the Legate of Ferrara, and the Nuntii, giving them advice of the way resolved on through the Coun∣treys of Verona and Mantoua to come into that of Ferrara. On the nineteenth in the morning the
Queen went from thence, and lay that night in the Island of Scala, a place belonging to the territory of Verona, where she had the same lodging and treatment. In Ussulen∣go Madam de Cueva was surprized with a gentle feaver, occasioned by a defluxion of rhume, so as she and the Signior della Cueva her husband were forced to remain there some dayes, but she was soon after well, and they pursued their journey, over∣taking her Majesty at Loretto.
In the mean time the Marquis An∣dreasi a compleat Cavalier appeared,* 2.6 and complemented personally her Majesty, inviting her in the name of the Duke of Mantoua, a little before returned from Casal to lodge in Reuere, a place beyond the Po, over against Ostia a Town of the territory of Mantoua, which her Majesty ac∣cordingly accepted. His Highnesse so informed by Couriers sent expres∣ly to him, gave order the lodgings should with all celerity be prepared, calling together in all haste the Mili∣tia, as well the foot as horse of the
Mantouan state, to attend her Maje∣sty with the magnificence, the place and the time would afford. He then with her Highnesse his wife came to Revere, whence he caused to advance to the confines of his Countrey, all the troups of horse, putting into Ponte Molino an ancient Castle, where they passe from the Countrey of Verona into that of Mantoua, a good guard of foot. The day the Queen moved from the I∣sland of Scala, the Marquis Andreasi, who after the ceremony of inviting her Majesty in Dolce, as we said before, was returned to Mantoua, was sent by his Highnesse with a nu∣merous and noble retinue to the con∣fines, to receive there her Majesty, representing to her, the Duke would be presently there to wait upon her: nor omitted he to expresse his High∣nesses discontent,* 2.7 for her Majesties incommodity occasioned by the rain, which falling then abundantly, con∣tinued all the following day, inso∣much as the ways were very ill, and the shew in the meeting was hin∣dered
extreamly, since the Duke, who had designed to appear a horseback, accompanied by the Nobility, which attended him very splendidly appar∣relled, was constrained by that acci∣dent, to make use of his Coaches.
Sending therefore before him his guards of light Horsemen, and Launciers in a very good livery, all appointed for the service of her Ma∣jesty; his Highnesse passed the Po with very many principal Cavaliers, and went in his coach to Ponte Moli∣no, causing likewise to be led along with him, the horses richly fadled and adorned, with intention to use them in waiting on the Queen, but the rain spoiled all his de∣signes.
When the Duke had discovered her Majesties Coach,* 2.8 he quickly a∣lighted out of his to wait upon her, whereupon she informed the Duke was in the company, causing her Coach to be stopt in an instant, leapt out of it hastily, not regarding the rain nor the durt, whom his Highness approaching, did complement in a
way as obsequious, as sprightly and gracious.
* 2.9The Queen received him as com∣pleatly, and entreated him often to be covered, but he refused to do it, seeming very much troubled, her Majesty had incommoded her self, to come out of her coach in that so soul weather to do him that honour, who was with such devotion her servant. Their complements ended, the Duke went again into his coach, and passed before to Ostia, to expect the Queen, and attend her passage o're the Po.
When the Duke was gone, her Highnesse the Arch-Dutchess arrived, accompanied by many coaches,* 2.10 and attended by great store of Ladies, all sumptuously adorned. Her High∣nesse alighted in a convenient place to pay her respects to the Queen, who would use her Highnesse in the very same fashion, she had done the Duke, coming out of her Coach, though in the durt, and receiving her with a sweetness full of Majesty, and the greatestaffability. After their reciprocal Complements, the Queen 〈1 page missing〉〈1 page missing〉
her into the Coach, advanced to the Po, whose banks on both sides were all beset, as far as they could see, with souldiers on foot and a horseback, the harmony of Trumpets and Drums, which were seconded with the noyse of the Canon, and Musquets, and because now the night did approach, many fires were lighted along the banks of the river, and divided into very fit spaces, which made in the dark, with their well ordered splen∣dour, the prospect delightfull to their great admiration, and curiosity.
Here her Majesty passed the Po to the opposite bank of Revere,* 2.11 on three ferry-boates joyned together, which by reason the river was low, served instead of a bridge, three others re∣maining apart, for the greater con∣veniency of their train. The Port was illuminated with 24 great torch∣es carried by 24 Pages of his High∣nesse, with very rich liveris. In their alighting out of the coach, and en∣tering into the Port, the Duke led the Queen, who was carried from the banks to the water side in a sum∣ptuous
chaire, being followed by the Arch-Dutches, who leaned on the arme of the Embassador Pimentel. In this manner all the Ladies passed over one after another, as likewise the Cavaliers of the Court, with the rest of both trains.
The town of Revere hath one long street among the rest, extended along the Po, with houses on both sides. Through this, which was beau∣tified with lights, the Queen was carried in her chair to the Palace of the Duke, the 24 Pages aforesaid preceding with torches in their hands, and a company of the Guard, another company like that, following the Arch-Dutchesse, and the Ladies in the coach; The Duke with his Cavaliers, went through a shorter way to the Palace, which besides be∣ing furnisht most richly, was kept by the foot-guards of his Highnesse in their live••y, and adorned with a most noble and most beautifull row of La∣dies, who with the lustre of the jew∣ells and gold, with which they were docked, augmented the splendour of
the infinite number of lights, which were burning every where.
Her Majesty alighted out of her chaire in the great hall of the Palace,* 2.12 being led by the Duke, who carried her to her lodgings. Her Highnesse the Arch-Dutchesse followed her, and the Ladies staying in the anti-chamber a little while after introdu∣cted to wait on her Majesty, who received them all with her usual civi∣lity. They returning into the anti-chamber, her Majesty remained alone with the Duke and Arch-Dutchesse, discoursing with them for some time. His Highnesses Musitians being af∣terwards brought into that roome, entertained them most nobly at the portalls rowled up, with several songs, now with one, now more voyces, intermingling divers harmo∣nies of Instruments, with which her Majesty was very highly pleased.
In the mean time they made rea∣dy the table in the same antichamber abounding with Nobility, which fill••d too the great Hall, that was per••it, many Gentlemen of the
neighbouring Cities, besides the Cavaliers of the Countrey, flocking thither in great numbers, attracted not only by a laudable curiosity, but out of their own inclination to wait on that Prince, who with the atraction of his most sweet carriage, comman∣ded the obsequiousnesse of the most remote persons, not onely of his neighbours.
Her Majesty sate at table under a cloath of state in perspective, on a carpet raised four fingers from the ground, and over against her the Duke and Arch-Dutchesse. Don Antonio Pimentel, though invited, was not there, he finding himself not very well. The table was adorned so artificially, that the eye was not satisfied with seeing, nor the mind in admiring that natural beauty. The quantity and delicacy of the meats, shewed the greatest imagina∣ble magnificence and generosity. Yet all was observed without wonder, for every one that knows what a mind that Prince hath, which even in little things, is still great, to be an∣swerable
to the greatness of the house of Gonzaga, admired it not at all.
Her Majesties Cupbearer was Count Luigi Canossa,* 2.13 brother to the Marquis Horatio, both Cavaliers of high quality, & of greatest esteem, but this Cavalier had no great trouble given him in choosing the wines, which there were very pretious and exquisite, since this vertuous Princess was so temperate, that she drank on∣ly two draughts of wine, to drink to his Highnesses health, she after∣wards quenching her thirst with pure water.
The Musick continued as long as the supper, and every thing was most pleasing to her Majesty, who after∣wards retired to her lodgings, as the Princess and all the rest did,
On the following day,* 2.14 which was the 21, when her Majesty had dined, in the very same order and magnifi∣cence, she passed again the Po, and went into her Coach, and the Arch-Dutchess with her, who would wait upon her to the confines. The Duke
went a horseback with all his Cava∣liers, notwithstanding the ill weather, the troops of the Mantouan horse, and the Guards of his Highnesse, preceding and following her Maje∣sties Coach. In this manner they marched very near to Melara, where alighting, after some courteous com∣plements, they dispersed themselves, those Princes returning thence to∣wards Mantoua, and the Queen continuing her journey towards Fi∣garolo.
* 2.15The four Nun••ii, with the Master of the Ceremonies, and Don Inno∣centio Conti de Duchi de Poli a Ro∣man. Campmaster general of the souldiers of the Ecclesiastical state, and Commander in Ferrara, depart∣ed on the twentieth in the morning betimes with same troops of horse, one of which of the Guard was com∣manded by the Marquis Carlo Theo∣doli, a person of eminent quality, with the Coach, Litter, and chaire, which his Holinesse had sent for the meeting of her Majestie, on the confines, but by reason of the
shortnesse of the time, and the ill way, they could only advance two miles farther than Calto, where dis∣covering her Majesties Coach, they alighted, and the Queen did the same, when she was near to them. The Nuntii here complemented her in the name of his Holiness, and pre∣sented her the Brief, which her Ma∣jesty with great reverence receiv∣ed, kissing it, and opened it in the o∣pen fields, though it rained, which was of the following tenor.
To our dearest Daughter in Christ, Christina, the illustrious Queen of Swedland. Alexander the VIIth Pope.
OUr most dear Daughter in Christ, Greeting and Apostolical bene∣diction.
In what great expectation we are of your Majesties arrival, our venerable Brothers, Hannibal of The∣bes, and Luke of Ravenna, Arch-Bishops, and our beloved sons Mr. Inico Caraccioli, Dean of the Apo∣stolical Chamber, and Philip Cesarini
Clerk of the same, our extraordinary Nuntii to your Majesty will evident∣ly declare. For in this excesse of joy we could scarce contain our selves, that the interpreters of it might be kept within the limit of the Churches Domi∣nions, and expresse at your entrance the summe of our gladnesse and great charity towards you. But because we suppose you as sensible of this joy and content, we doubt not but this intima∣tion of our paternal love, and earnest good will, will likewise be most grate∣full to you. In the mean time 'tis a sweet thing to us, to think of the No small or light portion of the pleasure of that day, when Rome shall receive you with the glad congratulations of all. and you finde the true fountains of wis∣dom, which you formerly have learned, not from the doctrine of Christ, But in the schoole of Philosophers, amongst the foolish things of this world, and the interdicted, and ignoble, and behold at the shrines of the Apostles, the monu∣ments of Princes and Kings, the Disci∣ples of the Crosse triumphing, as it were 'ore the pride and pomp of the World.
For the rest, so well are they descend∣ed whom we send to your Majesty, and such praises have they purchased, be∣sides, a noble family, that it will be a hard thing for you to determine what you in each of them shall most like. Now God, whose Word the winds, and the tempests obey, be with you in your journy, and confer on your Majesty the blessings wee most lovingly impart. Given at Rome at Saint Maries, the greater, under the Ring of the Fisher the 24 of October 1655, in the first year of our Papacy.
Natalis Rondininus.
Going afterwards into his Holi∣nesses Coach,* 3.1 and the Nuntii follow∣ing her with all the retinue, she arri∣ved at F••garolo at half an houre in the night, where after a little repose, she was visited by the Nuntii, whom she met in the midst of the roome, and accompanied to the door.
Figarolo is a Town built scatter∣ingly on the banks of the Po. 'ore a∣gainst
Stellata, another place resem∣bling it, seated in an angle, which is made by the river Panaro in discharg∣ing it self into the said Po. Every thing convenient for the lodging of so great a train could not be had in time, for computing that the Queen, by reason of the ill weather, could not arrive there untill the 21 as Hol∣stenius had written, things were not observed with that punctuality and necessary sollicitude, to which may be added, that the river grown tem∣pestuous with the wind, suffered not to passe, till the twentieth at evening, certain Officers and goods designed for the lodging. However the things were well ordered, for though there were that night in that little place about eight hundred horse of her Majesties train, and the souldi∣ers of the Militia, and albeit the great rains were a hindrance to every thing, the well ordered commands of Don Innocentio Conti facilitated the en∣deavours of the Ministers subordi∣nate to Baldocchi, who had sent them thither from Ferrara, he by his assi∣duous
applications in this, and that place, more deserving still the name of an accurate and diligent Of∣ficer.
On the 22 of November her Ma∣jesty dined in Figarolo,* 3.2 and after∣wards taking coach, advanced to∣wards Ferrara, which is fifteen miles off, all along on the banks of the ri∣ver Po, which there are very strong, as a fence against its dangerous in∣undations. A great number of souldiers were distributed in all the wayes, for Don Innocentio Conti, a Gentleman of great valour and con∣duct, having commanded five thou∣sand foot, and a thousand horse, had divided them with that order on those banks, that he made them seeme more numerous to the won∣der of all.
My Lord B••ssi, a nobleman of Vi∣terbo, and a Prelate of great parts, the Vice-Legate of Ferrara, with a very great attendance of Gentlemen of Ferrara a horseback, came near Fi∣garolo to complement the Queen, informing her the Cardinal Legate
would presently be there to wait on her Majesty. His Eminence issuing out of the City, advanced to Occhio∣bello distant six miles, to meet her with a very good train of Coaches, with six horses apiece, full of princi∣pal Cavaliers of that countrey. His Eminence discovering the Queen 25 paces off, who was alone in his Holinesses Coach, alighted and met her. The Queen causing her Coach to be stopt ten paces from the Car∣dinal, did likewise alight, and here began the Complement, in which still her Majesty gave the title of Eminence. Then the Queen went again into her Coach, helpt thither by the Cardinal, who likewise went in∣to his own, and followed her Maje∣sty, who had on a mans Hungerlin of plain black velvet, with a band, and an upper safegard for women of a dark grey colour, without which she would have lookt like a man.
* 3.3She arriving at the bridge of the black lake three miles distant from Ferrara, a place much renowned for the Fort, which built some years be∣fore
by the Pope, on the opposite bank, was assaulted by the forces of Venice, found built a very fine and commodious bridge, designed by the admirable architecture of the Mar∣quis Girolamo Ressetti, Cavalier of Ferrara, of very great spirit, and emi∣nent parts.
It was made of 46 great and thick barques, with a floore so broad, four coaches could go over it in a breast. It reacht f••om one side to the other, not simply from the brink of the wa∣ter, to the opposite part, but from the bank it self, on which it stood. The construction of the bridge was most rare, and the finest, peradven∣ture, that hath been seen in Europe. The Queen would needs go o're it, though for her there was prepared a most splendid Bucintoro, adorned with the Popes and her Majesties armes, and another noble barque somwhat lesse. When her Majesty was passed, though the bridge was so full of Coaches, horses, and souldi∣ers, that it could hold no more, yet it stood alwayes firme, and very
strong without the least disjoynt∣ing.
* 3.4At the gate of the City her Ma∣jesty was met by the Marquis Fran∣cesso Calcagnini the chief Cavalier of the place, and a person endued with extraordinary parts. He was Presi∣dent of the Councel, and afterwards with the Magistrates, the Colledge of Doctors, and his guard of halbar∣diers in the usual livery of the City, and great strore of servants advanced to complement the Queen, who re∣ceived him with her accustomed affa∣bility.
When his complement was ended, he waited on the Queen riding be∣fore her with his train, among which were 24 Pages nobly born, and clo∣thed in plain black velvet, designed for the attendance on her Majesty. The City spared no cost, nor appli∣cation, for Count Julius Caesar Ni∣grelli, Embassadour in Rome for that Town, a charge he had exercised with great praise and attention, had in or∣der thereunto, advertised the Magi∣strates of his Holinesses minde. At
the first she was welcomed with six great Cannons with bullets, all dis∣charged at the same time, and after∣wards by the artillery from the walls, with an infinite number of mortar-pieces intermingled. All the gates, streets, and breast-works were man∣ned with souldiers, with lights in the streets, and torches at the Palaces of the Cardinals, the Legate and Bi∣shop, the Town-house, the Vice-Legates, and other particular Cava∣liers.
She came in her Litter to the Pil∣lars before the Cathedral,* 3.5 and there did alight. His Eminence Cardinal Pio the Bishop, adorned with his A∣mice, his Rochet, and rich Mitre, in the midst of two Canons in their Coaps, going before the Crosse, the Clergy, and Chapter met her, and she kneeling on the even ground within the chains, on a cushion of cloath of gold, laid on a great carpet, kissed devoutly the Crosse presented to her by the Cardinal Bishop, and then going before the said Crosse, the Clergy and Chapter following
her, and last of all the Cardinal in the midst of the Canons aforesaid, her Majesty went under a Canopy of silver, and conducted to the gate of the Church by the secular Magi∣strates, at what time they sang the Anthem, She is beautifull, &c. The Cardinal Legate coming out of his coach, and making a low reverence to the Queen, went into the Sacristy to put off his travelling cloaths, and put on his long under-garment, his Rotchet, &c. expecting there the Cardinal Bishop.
At the entrance into the Church, the Cardinal Bishop with the Mitre on his head, taking the sprinkling brush from the Dean, besprinkled the Queeen, and the other there pre∣sent, then made a reverence to the Queen, and took off the Mitre, while in the mean time the Musitians be∣gan to sing the Hymne, Te Deum. When the first was ended, the Bishop put on again his Mitre, and going be∣fore the crosse in like manner, and the Chapter went towards the high Altar, on which was exposed the
most holy Sacrament. Then his E∣minence went to the Epistle side, and laying aside his Mitre, and kneeling at the verse, We threfore beseech thee, &c. stood up again, and turning to the Queen, as soon as Te Deum was ended, recited the verses and prayers, Save thy Handmaid, &c. Lord God, by whose providence, &c. and finally standing in the middle of the Altar, gave the solemne benediction, and bowing to the Queen, went thence into the Sacristy to put off his Orna∣ments, and cloathing himselfe like the Cardinal Legate, they came out of the Sacristy together, and went both to the Queen, who went alone into her coach, and the two Cardi∣nals, the Nuntii, and the Embassa∣dour Pimentel in another, who wai∣ted on her Majesty to the Castle, and to her own lodgings.
The Church had the frontispiece all resplendent with torches, and within was hung richly with tape∣stries, with a kneeling place for the Queen, and cushions for the Nuntii, who alwayes attended on her Maje∣sty.
* 3.6At the gate of the hall of the Ca∣stle, they found very many noble Ladies of the City most splendidly apparrelled, who paid their respects, and complemented the Queen, who affectionately received them, and af∣terwards retired into her lodgings, where she was accompanied by the two Cardinals, the Nuntii, and all the retinue. That night little else was effected, but that all the Offi∣cers designed to look after the lodg∣ings, were not idle, being employed in distributing, without the least con∣fusion, to every one his chamber, they whom the Castle could not hold, being quartered in Palaces and particular houses in the town. That night the Queen supp'd privately, and was entertained with most excellent musique. Couriers were then di∣spatched to Rome, to informe the Pope of all, as they did from time to time, in all other places where she staid, not onely in obedience to his Holinesses commands, who would know what they did, but likewise to receive from his Beatitude, oppor∣tune
informations, in order to what they should do, for a compleat and regal reception.
Her Majesty staid two dayes in Ferrara, where she visited diverse Monasteries of Nuns, and the re∣markablest things of the City, being alwayes accompanied by the two Cardinals in her Coach, their Emi∣nences sitting before, and the Queen alone behinde. The four Nuntii followed after, as they alwayes had done, in another coach, and all the other Gentlemens coaches of the traine, continued in a row, one after another. She desired to see the for∣tresse so famed, and was much plea∣sed with it, and here she her self was assistent in discharging some pieces of artillery. During these two dayes, the City onely feasted and rejoyced, every one endeavouring to demon∣strate their gladnesse, fine maskings being seen, and other rare shews, for the pleasing of the eys, and divertise∣ment of the senses.
The Queen at her entrance into the Church-dominions, sent by Post
from Ferrara to Rome,* 3.7 Count Ray∣mund Montecuccoli, to complement his Holiness in her name, and thanks him for all the honours, his beati∣tude had been pleased to do her, and particularly for them she had begun to receive in the state Ecclesiastical, to whom she consigned affectionate letters for his Holinesse. This Ca∣valier with the usuall vivacity of his noble and eminent parts, gave a very good account of his employment, and leaving the Pope highly satisfied with his function, returned from thence within a few dayes, to finde out the Queen in her journey, and go back with her to Rome.
The day after her Majesty being willing to dine in publick, a table was prepared with a single covering, under the cloth of state, but because she would honour the Cardinal Le∣gate and Bishop, by taking them to dinner with her, two other coverings were brought, one at the right hand, and the other at the left of the table, a little way distant from the upper end, where the Queen was to sit,
each of them being under a little of the Canopy. All the three coverings were in gilt baskets, the Cardinal Legate sitting on the right hand, the Bishop on the left, and the Legate saying grace.
Don Luigi Pio of Savoy, Prince of St. Gregory, Brother to the Cardinal Bishop, gave the water for her Maje∣sties hands, and assisted at the table, changing the dishes after the man∣ner of Germany. Don Innocentio Conti presented her the napkin, and the Marquis Hippolitus Bentivoglio was her Cupbearer and Sewer.
The said Prince of St. Gregory came by post from Rome to Ferrara, to wait on the Queen, as one who be∣ing curious of seeing the world, when he had been at the Courts of Spain, France, Flanders, Holland and Den∣mark, passing likewise into Swedland, had received there many honours of her Majesty, and among other things was accompanied to Danzich by a Swedish man of war, and besides had her Majesties picture set with a hun∣dred faire diamonds, a favour that
generous Princesse was accustomed to shew to Embassadours of Kings, and Cavaliers of eminent condition. He therefore had waited upon her on the confines of Ferrara, and had been received with all courtesie, so as ha∣ving paid her his respects,* 3.8 he took his leave of her, and returned by post to Rome, to serve there her Majesty. The said Prince, as he is endued with a vivacity of spirit, a mind truly splen∣did, and abounding especially with the vertues and qualities; which be∣come a Cavalier of great birth, so in all things, and even in his younger years, followed worthily the glory of his Eminence the Cardinal his Brother,* 3.9 who to the integrity of his e∣xempalr life, hath joyn'd the greatest prudence, & an exquisite knowledge of all things, deserving the nobleness of his thoughts, he shewing to all the highest generosity and cour∣tesie.
But returning to what was obser∣ved at the table, the bibbs were pre∣sented to the Queen and the Cardi∣nalls. Their Eminences were in
their rotchets, and forbare very strict∣ly to touch any meat, till they saw what her Majesty liked, and had ea∣ten first of it.
The first discourse began here by the Queen was of the Painters at Rome,* 3.10 she concluding in favour of Peter di Cortona, and Cavalier Ber∣nino. She then spake of the Musiti∣ans, and seemed well informed of all the treble voyces, or Eunuchs, say∣ing, Bonaventura was the best at that time, and that Cavalier Loreto of Spoleti had taught to sing handsomly, continuing a while in the praises of musick, and calling it the ornament of Princes, and delight of the chambers. At the first draught the Queen drank, three great pieces of artillery were discharged. She discoursed then of the Temples of Europe, and said three were great, to wit, St. Peter in Rome, St. Paul in London, and the Dome in Millan, but that St. Peters was the fairest and greatest, adding likewise, as it were with a sigh, St. Pauls Church in London was now be∣come a stable, and here she discours∣ed
awhile of the English affaires. Then feeling it grew hot, she caused the glasse of the windows to be o∣pened from the top to the botome, and the people which stood about the table, retired then a little. When her Majesty had drank the second time, she said she had never drank so much wine as in Italy, where it was very excellent. The Cardinal Bishop replyed, your Majesty hath drank little of it, for you put much water to it, and we see you carry with you the vertue of the North, which the Queen was pleased with. In fine, new dishes of meat still appearing, her Majesty praised Italy, as having every thing within it selfe except druggs, the Cardinal Legate replyed, what, sugars? Her Majesty answered, you have them in Sicily. And with these, and such like discourses, which use to be the pastimes of great per∣sons, in their recreations at table and feasts, the meat was taken off, and the Queen in the midst of the two Cardinals aforesaid, retyred to her chamber, where their Eminences
stayed with her, entertaining them∣selves with several discourses. Her Majesty in her speeches shewed a great esteem, of France, and to be well informed of all the affaires of the world, and especially of the Court of Rome, and of the last Con∣clave.
That night they saw a Comedy at the charge of the Marquis Corne∣lius Bentivoglio, a Cavalier of one of the chiefest families in Italy, and who may deservingly be called a true lover of the vertuous. This play, where the honours of Boreas with Orithia were represented, suc∣ceeded very well, especially for the admirable beauty and finenesse of the machins. Her Majesty very worthily esteeming so conspicuous a family, honoured with the title of Gentleman of her Chamber, and her Cupbearer the Marquis Hippoli∣tus aforesaid, who together with the Marquis Cornelus his father, waited afterwards upon her to Rome; as Donna Constanza Sforza likewise did, a Lady of rare parts, and great
quality, and wife to the said Marquis Cornelius, who instead of Madam Cueva, who staid behind sick, as we said, supplyed with equal spirit and decorum, the charge of chief Lady of the chamber to the Queen, at∣tending on her all the rest of the journey to Rome. The remainder of the night was solemnized with va∣riety of artificial fireworks, & all the demonstrations of gladnesse and re∣joycing, which could proceed from hearts ambitious of conforming themselves to the generous and no∣ble inclination of their Prince. While the Queen staid in Ferrara, the Count St. Vitale came thither, a Cavalier of great quality, sent by the Duke of Parma, with the title of extraordinary Embassador to com∣plement her Majesty.
* 3.11Ferrara is a great and spacious City, adorned with splendid and beautiful structures, and many piazze inhabited by divers great families, and washt on the East and South side with a branch of the river Po. It lyes in a plain, low, and humid soyle,
and therefore the aire is supposed a little unwholsome. 'Tis fortified with strong walls, bastions, and well flankt with very large and deep ditches, being guarded by a cittadel of great strength, and very regular, in some parts inaccessible to the ap∣proaches, by reason of the marish scituation on one side. The Castle, the habitation of the Cardinal Le∣gate, is magnificent and sumptuous, and was the royal residence of the Dukes of Este, the splendour of Ita∣ly for the greatnesse of their minds, and eminent valour.
The Cardinal John Baptist Spada a Noble man of Lucca,* 3.12 a person of great worth and rare parts, preferred for his long services to the holy Sea of Rome, to the purple on the second of March, 1654. with the title of holy Susanna, performed this legati∣on to his very great glory, and in this conjuncture acted nobly and abun∣dantly his part.
On the 25. her Majesty departed from Ferrara,* 3.13 being saluted by the Canon from the walls, and the for∣tresse,
as at her coming thither, and they saw all the streets full of souldi∣ers. The two Cardinals, the Le∣gate and Bishop accompanied her Majesty to the confines of their Le∣gation, which end at the river Reno, a little way off from the Villa of Poggio, appertaining to the Marquis Lambertini, an ancient and noble fa∣mily of Bologna. Here at the en∣trance into the territory of Bologna,* 3.14 she was met by my Lord Ranuccio Ricci the Vice-Legate, with the traine of many Gentlemen all on horseback, who complemented her Majesty in the name of his Eminence Cardinal John Jerome Lomellino the Legate, and returned to Bologna, leaving the troop of horse that had accompanied him thither, to wait on the Queen. Her Majesty lay that night in the Villa of St. Benedict, in the Palace of the Senatour, the Mar∣quis John Nicholas Tanara, then President of the Justice, and a per∣son highly qualified, her train with the four Nuntii being lodged in the Palaces and neighbouring houses,
where they were treated splendid∣ly.
The day after she continued her journey toward Bologna,* 3.15 whence the Cardinal Legate issuing forth with above 40 coaches with six hor∣ses a piece, which were filled with the Nobility, and three troups of Horse went to meet her at the Villa of Funo distant five miles, all the wayes being lined with souldiers, and a numerous concourse of people to see this great Princesse. She ar∣riving ten paces near his Eminence, who allighting before, expected her in the midst of the way, came out of her coach, and received very affably and courteously the complement the Cardinal made her. His Eminence after this, was constrained to go back with all speed, to get before her Ma∣jesty, and receive her at the Dome in the absence of Boncompagno the Archbishop.
When she was near the City, they began to hear the noyse of the Ar∣tillery, which continued till she got to the Palace. At the gate she was
received by all the Magistrates on horseback, who were in their solemne robes. After the like complements she had had in Ferrara, she went to the Church of St. Peter, which is the Cathedral, and there alighting, was received with the same ceremonies used to her in the Church of Ferrara,* 3.16 after which she was carried in a chair to the Palace, accompanied by all the retinue. The Cardinal Legate, who made such haste thither, receiv∣ed her at the foot of the staires, and in passing through the Hall of Far∣nese, they found there in ranks on both sides, above an hundred Ladies, most splendidly adorned, who all made low reverences to her. Arri∣ving at her lodging, she a little while after saw the fires, which were op∣posite to her chamber, on a long and fine stand which was made for that purpose with Pyramids, and a great figure signifying Faith, with the Armes of the Pope, of her Majesty, and his Eminence, among which were distributed several images of Lyons, the Armes of Bologna. The fires
were extraordinarily fine, and at the same time six thousand squibs of wilde-fire were seen flying from the summit of two towers.
After this the Queen went into the Hall of Hercules, where sitting under the cloth of state on a throne prepared for her, she saw the dancing, where there were above a hundred faire Ladies most nobly apparrel∣ed.
The day following she went to see the Church of St. Dominique,* 3.17 and there reverenced his body, ex∣pressing a particular devotion to him, and an equal esteem to this ancient and very noble Order. Here at the Altar of the reliques, she beheld the five books of Moses, written in He∣brew in thin leather by the Prophet Esdras, and her Majesty read some of the words. She desired then to see the publick Schooles, in which she heard an eloquent Oration in her honour, by the Abbot Certani, a per∣son of great learning and vertue.
The Duke of Modena hearing the Queen was arrived in Bologna, sent
the Marqis Silvio Molza, a Cavalier of great spirit, and extraordinary parts, in the quality of his Embassadour to wait on the Queen, but it had no ef∣fect, they could not agree of the pre∣tensions he had.
* 3.18Her Majesty staid two days in Bo∣logna, as she had done in Ferrara, and the second day went to Masse to St. Michael in the wood, without the gate of Saint Mamolo, the famous convent of the Fathers of mount O∣livet, where her Majesty was much pleased in seeing that Cloyster paint∣ed by the most renowned Painters of Bologna, Caracci and Reno, and in the Sacristy the Saint Michael of Brasse, the excellent workmanship of Albargi. She visited likewise at her entrance into the Church, the body of blessed Katherine of Bologna, which is kept still by those all entire, palpable, and sitting without any help to hold it up.
Her Majesty being returned to the Palace, the Colledge of Bologna presented her with the works in ten Volumes of Doctor Aldrovandi
which she very much esteemed.
The same day the Queen dined in publick with the Cardinal,* 3.19 they observing the same order, as was held in Ferrara. Many Ladies came masked to see the feast, which was as sumptuous as can be imagined, for the Legates noble minde omitted not any thing, that was great and majestique. The cheif Standard-bea∣rer gave the napkin to her Majestie, and Count Francis Charls Caprara, nephew to Duke Piccolomini the General, was both Carver and Cup-bearer, both persons of high worth.
After dinner she visited the great Colledge of Spain, founded long since by the famous Cardinal Gyles Albernozzi, and about three houres in the night, she went to the lodg∣ings of the Colledge, and thence to the Theater.
This was built for that pur∣pose, in the forme of a great ship, the extremities of which arrived to the frontispiece o're the fish-market,
and o're part of the Palace, through a great window of which, her Maje∣sty accompanied by the Cardinal, passed o're a bridge very splendidly adorned, where there were above 140 Ladies, all equally resplend••nt with the lustre of their beauty, and a rich mine of pearls, and of jewels, of inestimable value.
The Theater, which was covered, had certain great lights on the top, and above 300 torches were regular∣ly distributed here and there round about it, together with other lesser lights, which made it most resplen∣dent. The battlements of the Pa∣lace were deckt with several Carpets, some of arras, and others of silk of diverse colours.
After the appearance of the Ma∣sters of the Camp, which were the Marquis Angelelli, and Count Ed∣ward Pepoli both Senatours, they be∣held a great guilded Charriot come forth, with 24 groomes apparrelled in cloath of silver with torches in their hands, drawn by twelve horses most splendidly set out, on which
sat cloathed like Pallas, Felsina repre∣senting Bologna, for so it was called long since, when it was the royal Ci∣ty of Toscany. Somewhat lower stood Peace, Fame, and War, which inter∣laced the song of Felsina, who when she had walked up and down in the field, stood still before the Queen, to introduce the tilting. She sing∣ing then, said, to applaud so great a Majesty the Triumviri who divided the World on the river Lavino,* 3.20 not far from Bologna, brought three squadrons of Cavaliers, which run∣ning at the Ring, and one against another, might shew their re∣spects to so deserving a Queen.
Then Felsina was silent, and de∣parting with her train, by the Masters of the Camp, three squadrons were brought in, the one lead by Octav∣us Augustus, the second by Lepi∣dus, and the third by Marcus Anto∣nius, each being composed of six Ca∣valiers, Trumpets, Pages, and Groom••s going before with lighted torches in their hands: every one of them extravagantly attired, walk∣ed
softly o're the field, accompanied by two sticklers, and two Cavaliers all in armour for the tilting to follow of one against another. Their plumes, and the crests of their hel∣mets were high, made of several pre∣tious feathers, which augmented the beauty and pompe of the shew.
The first squadron contained be∣sides the two sticklers aforesaid, the Counts Luigi Bentivoglio, Marc' Antonio Sampieri, Hercules Malvez∣zi, Philip Maria Bentivoglio, the Marquis Hippolitus Bevilaqua, the Marquis Caesar Tanara, the Counts Lodovick Albergati, Anthony Orsi, and Alexander Fava, all Cavaliers of great valour and birth.
In the second were the Counts Francis Charles Caprara, Constance Maria Zambeccari, Alphonsus, Er∣colani, Jerome Caprara, Hercules Isolani, Anthony Gabrielli, Anthony Joseph Zambeccari, Felix Montecuc∣coli, and Rinald Bovio, whose sticklers were the Counts John Baptist Alber∣ti, and Hannibal Ranucci, persons of great merit and vertue.
In the third were the Marquisses Andrew Paleotti and Guido Anthoni Lambertoni, the Counts Henry, Her∣colani, and Francis Maria, Ghislieri, and the Gentlemen Octavius Casoli, Iohn Baptist Sampieri, Alexander R••ffeni, Ierome Pini and Tabus Gui∣dotti, whose sticklers were the Counts Vincent Marescotti, and Caesar Hani∣bal, Marsilli, and which Cavaliers were of the most noble and most e∣minent Families of that City.
These three Spectators having se∣verally reverenc't the Queen, ran at the ring, breaking above 130. lances with a generall acclamation of the people.
This operation being ended, they began the encounter of two Cavali∣ers of each squadron; of the first were the Counts Lewis Bentivoglio and Marcus Antonius Sapieri, of the second the Counts Francis Charles Caprara, and Constance Maria Zambeccari, and of the third signior Octavius Casalo and Sigre Giollanni Battista Sampieri, every one of which ran five lances a piece
with such courage and sprightlinesse, that all the spectators commended them extreamly. After this all the the Squadrons reduced themselves into a semicircle, made low reve∣rences to her Majesty, and gave her many thankes, for the honour she had done them with her presence, who seemed to be highly contented. In her Majesties returne to her lodg∣ings, she passing that night through the publick roomes of the Magi∣strates of the City, who are called the Regiment, saw ••he picture of Pollio done by the famous Painter Guido Reni of Bologna, with the pi∣cture of the Protectors of the City, which pleased her so much, she desi∣red to see them again.
The honours done her Majesty by the Legate, and all those Cavaliers, were very remarkable, as well for the order, as magnificence. The best wits of the City, omitted not to contribute abundantly to that en∣tertainment. The Cardinal Legate discoursed very seriously with her Majesty, who seemed highly satisfi∣ed
with him, and among other things represented to her, that in Rome, as a great City, and abounding with all Nations, she might see different persons, and given as well to vertue, as to vice, for as the first are apt to make use of the means, which they think will most advance their pretensions, so on the other side, the number is so great of the good, and exemplary in their holy operations, that her Majesty might have her minde disposed both for pity and edification.
Bologna lyes at the bottoms of the mountaine Appenninus,* 3.21 in the midst of the Emilian way, being of a form somewhat long, and almost like a ship. It hath twelve gates, which shew how big it is. The river Save∣na runs on the side of it, and through the middle, a branch of Reno, navi∣gable to Malalbergo about twenty miles distant from Ferrara, where afterwards it falls into the valley of St. Martina, which leads to Ferrara. The buildings are ample, commodi∣ous, and within more majestique
then without. All the streets have spatious Portices, so as you may go through the City without being touch't by the rain or the sun. Tis full of a vertuous, splendid, and cour∣teous Nobility, and abounds with all things, being rich and populus, with a territory as pleasant and fruitfull, as any is in Italy: There is a most noble University, in which flourish eminent Persons in all kind of learning.* 3.22 The Bolognesi are fit for any exercise, arms, letters, and commerce being there in great perfection. The gen∣try in particular is active, and con∣tinually gets renown in the exexcises of glory and honour. This so rich, so fine and so fortunate Countrey,* 3.23 is govern'd at present by the foresaid Cardinall John Jerome Lomellino of the title of S. Onofrius, a gentleman of the noblest and most eminent Fami∣lies of Genoua, who having perfor∣med the Offices of Referendarius, of Clerke of the Chamber, Treasurer Generall, Governour of Rome, &c. was preferr'd to the purple on the 19. of February, 1652. a person ex∣pert
in the mannagement of affairs, quick in the execution, and exem∣plary in justice and equity, loving greatly the vertuous, and hating ex∣treamly the vicious, insomuch as his just government hath providently been prorogued for three years more in that his Legation.
On the 29. after Masse,* 3.24 and a sumptuous Collation, her Majestie departed from Bologna, accompa∣ny'd and attended by the Cardinall Legate with the traine of the Nobili∣ty and Souldiers to the confines of that Territory. Her Majestie con∣tinu'd her journey towards Imola, passing the rivers Indice and Savena, between Bologna and St. Nicholas, and between this and Imola, the Gia∣no, Solerino, and Senio, by reason of the torrents which fall from Appen∣ninus, and often want water, as they did that dry year. Near D••zza a Town appertaining to the Marquis Campeggi which is on the Confines of Imola, and consequently the be∣ginning of the Province of Romag∣na, the Cardinall Acquaviva the Le∣gate
should have met her,* 3.25 but did not, he reserving himself to meet her at Forli the following evening, and the rather to fulfill his Holynesses minde, who would not defraud the Cardinalls Donghi and Rossetti, of the honour of receiving her. He only sent thither my Lord Francis Cennini the Vice-Legate, a Prelate of great spirit & civility; Nephew to Cardinall Con∣nini of happy memory, who com∣plemented her Majestie in his name, and caused the Troope of Curiassers of his guard to be there, which serv'd for her guide through the Province. He caused there likewise to be ready a squadron of four thousand Sol∣diers, commanded by the Camp∣master Capelletti, a Gentleman of courage, who in all the state of the Province observed the orders given him by the Cardinall aforesaid, cau∣sing each City to send two thousand men, which he form'd into great squadrons, consisting of two thou∣sand Souldiers, one after the other so the Confines of the Province. Be∣sides that, the Vice-Legate was ac∣company'd
by many Gentlemen of Romagna, and 300. chosen Horse, all in good order, as well for their cloaths, as furniture and Arms. As soone as he had complemented the Queen in the name of the said Car∣dinall Acquaviva, the Legate of Ro∣magna, he returned thence to Imola, leaving the care of her reception, to Cardinall John Stephen Donghi the Bishop of that City, who according to his instructions from Rome,* 3.26 went in Coach to meet her Majestie with∣out the Town at our Lady's of Pra∣dello, accompany'd by many Gen∣tlemen of the City: They came out of their Coaches, and complemented each other, in the manner observed by the Cardinalls of Ferrara and Bo∣logna. As soon as her Majesty was re∣turn'd into her Coach, his Eminence went before to the City, to be ready to receive her: In the Plain without Imola were divers squadrons of foot, who continually with volleys of shot saluted her Majesty as she passed a∣long. At the Gate she was received by the Magistrates, the chief of which
were Count Francis Maria Sassa∣telli, Signior Thadeus Dalla Volpe, Signior Giouanni Battista Borghesi, and Captain Thomas Mazzi, who accompany'd by many Gentlemen with fine Liveries, did their dutyes to her Majesty. The gates and streets abounded with Souldiers standing in rankes, but the old fashion'd walls were uncapable of Artillery, and could not be arm'd: She alighted not at the Cathedrall, as she had done in Ferrara and Bologna, because it was darke, so as she went directly to the Palace of the Bishop, her lodg∣ings, the Frontispice of which had a∣bundance of Torches. The Cardi∣nall receiv'd and accompany'd her to her lodgings,* 3.27 as all the chief Lady's of the Countrey likewise did, who stood in rankes at the bottome of the stairs. The Furniture for the Chambers as well as the preparation for the Tables was sumptuous and rich, for the naturall generosity of the Cardinall omitted not any thing becoming a regall entertainment. Her Majestie supp'd in publick with the
Cardinall, the same order in sitting, and ceremony at the table being ob∣serv'd, as at Ferrara, and Bologna. Count Alexander Sassatelli was her Majesties Cupbearer, and Signior Thadius Dalla Volpe her Sewer. Be∣sides, a great number of Persons well qualify'd, twelve Pages, the sons of the chief Gentlemen of the City, assisted at the table. The figures a∣dorning the table, were so finely contriv'd, and with such mysterious Hieroglyphicks, that the Queen looking earnestly upon them, nou∣rish't more her mind than her body.* 3.28
Cardinall Donghi was Clerke of the Chamber, and had other vacant Offices, on the track of which he had a large field, to shew his great parts, which with his deserts encreas'd by his intense applications towards the service of the Apostolicall Sea, in the stirrs of the wars of Castro, preferr'd him to the purple. He is a Gentle∣man of great integrity and freeness, which he vigorously shew'd in the Legations of Ferrara and Romagna, administred by him with much praise
and advantage to the good, and ex∣emplary punishment of the bad. His mind is generous and free, and his intellect capable of the mannage∣ment of the greatest affairs.
* 3.29On St. Andrews day after Masse, the Queen went from Imola, atten∣ded and accompany'd by the Cardi∣nall aforesaid to the confines of the territory Faenza,* 3.30 where she met with my Lord Castelli a horseback, a Gentleman of much worth, and Governour of the City, accompa∣ny'd by many Gentlemen, and two troopes of Horse. As soone as he had ended his complement with the Queen, he rode forward, insomuch as the Queen continuing diligently her journey in those waies which are plaine and good, some miles without the City was met by Cardinall Charles Rossetti the Bishop of the Place,* 3.31 who with a fine livery of thir∣ty groom's, and a traine of many travailing Coaches, full of Gentry, alighting, as the Queen likewise did, made the usuall complement, being received with equall kindness and courtesie.
Her Majesty approaching to the City, saw the neighbouring plaine all cover'd with people, flock't thi∣ther to behold this great Princess, and with Souldiers in squadrons to honour her arrivall; some Pieces of Artillery plac't on the Walls, though slight, and without rampards, were discharg'd, and their roaring was seconded by the noyse of the Drums, Trumpets, Mortar-pieces, and Mus∣kets. All the streets of the City a∣bounded with people in arms, and gay ornaments hanging from the window's and balcone.* 3.32 At her en∣trance into the gate, she was reve∣renc't by the publick Magistrates, who on horseback, and with their robes of Velvet attended her Majesty to the Palace of the Bishop, design'd for her lodging, and very richly fur∣nish't, with a double guard of Soul∣diers.
The Queen alighting out of her Coach, in which she came alone, and receiv'd by the Cardinall; who ha∣stened before her, ascended the staires of the Palace, on the top of which
she met the cheif Ladies of the City, who after a short complement wai∣ted on her to the lodgings prepared for her with all splendour and magni∣ficence.
While her Majesty reposed a little, with very good order, the quarters were assigned to all of her numerous traine, by Gentlemen appointed for that function, who contended to shew their punctuality. She after∣wards comming forth of her lodgings, went thence to dinner very splendidly prepared, with such admirable, work∣manship of Statues, representing Rome, the four parts of the world, the wordly Monarchy, and other carved things, gilt and coloured so to the life, that they onely wanted motion. Her Majesty sate at the table with the Cardinall, in the manner observed before.
* 3.33The Marquis Francis Rosseti, ne∣phew to his Eminence, gave the water for her Majesties hands, and the Mar∣quis G••rolamo his Brorher presented the Napkin, and was Cupbearer. Count Laderchi, and Cavalier Pasi,
both Knights of St. Stephen, were Sewers, receiving the meat from the hands of twelve Gentlemen that as∣sisted at the table. At dinner her Majesty had continuall discourse with the Cardinall, which was mixed with such a Carriage and gravity, that she swerving not at all from the State of a Queen, shewed evidently, how much she was pleased with his Emi∣nences behaviour, an Academy in the mean time being prepared, to enter∣tain her Majesty in the exercises, which as more peculiar to her most refined understanding, might with a more relishing change, make her pass from the food of her body to the ali∣ment of her minde.
In this Academy,* 3.34 besides the cheif discourse made in praise of the Church of Rome, by father Zenobi the Dom∣can, a Person of great vertue, and parts, above 30. Compositions were to be recited by others, as well Ec∣clesiasticall, as Secular, eminent in severall languages, Latine, Spanish, Greeke, low Dutch, and Italian, and amongst these, one in musique, the
fruite of the invention of the said Marquis Francis Rossetti, who with a rare phancy introducing musique, si∣lence, and poesy, to sing the Queenes glories, was no less harmonious to the eare, than delightfull to the intel∣lect, but it was not effected, for in∣stead of abiding there that night, the Queen would continue her journey, so as she rising from the table, after a short stay in her Chamber, went to visit the Cathedrall with a singular example of piety, which, thowgh it might well appear naked, even in the fight of so great a Princess, in being the designe of the famous Architect Bramante, yet was all adorned with silke, with such a rare mixture of co∣lours, that it cleerly shewed its joy, in receiving within the compass of its walls, whom the vastness of a King∣dome was not able to containe.
* 3.35Faenza is an ancient and noble City, fortified with walls, and tow∣ers, and seated in the middle of most fertile Plains, famous for the art, pe∣culiar to it selfe, of making most white, and light vases of earth. 'Tis
divided by the river Lamone, which passing through the suburbs, and the town, leaves them afterwards united with a fair bridge of stone, and two towers on the Emilian way. The air is very healthfull, the inhabitants in∣dustrious, civil, and lovers of their Countrey, and the Gentry Courte∣ous, punctuall, and very generous.
The Queen coming out of the Cathedrall, went again into his Holi∣nesses Coach, carrying with her the Cardinall to the confines of that Ter∣ritory, towards which she advanced in pursuance of her journey, about two houres before night, having left im∣printed in the minds of each one, high conceits of her most excellent quali∣ties.
The Queen seemed highly pleased with this Cardinall, who had, besides his learning, and knowledg, in the af∣faires of the world, all the preroga∣tives peculiar to a Gentleman well bred. He is of Ferrara,* 3.36 of the ancient and noble family of the Counts Ros∣setti, now Marquisses, who aboun∣ding more in vertue, than yeares, by
the glorious Pope Vrban the eighth, the lover of the learned, and vertu∣ous, was sent as an Apostolicall Mini∣ster into the Kingdom of England to that Queen. There he did all he could for the advantage, and good of the Catholique Religion, and ran there great dangers in those persecuti∣ons, as more plainly may appear by a letter to him of the 13th. of July, 1643. from his Eminence Cardinall Francis Barberino, nephew to Vrban, in order to his preferment, of the fol∣lowing tenor.
The troubles of our Countrey, and of Christendome will have a short truce, that I among so many disgusts, may have some time to breath, seeing your Eminences great labours reward••d with the Purple, God be pleased with the tranquillity of Italy, to open to the way, that by your continuall paines, he may grant the same to all of the Catho∣lique Religion, and that by your endea∣vours, your toylings, and dangers, not unknown to the world, it may again flourish in the land of great Brittaine,
to the end this d••gnity deserved so well by you, may not be deprived of the happy effects your Eminence hath desired, and cooperated on your part for the publique good. And I humbly Kiss your hands, &c. Your Eminences most humble and most affectionate Ser∣vant. Cardinall Barberino.
The Prince of Trent meets the Queen.
She alights at the Church.
She ob∣serves the most remar∣kable things
The Prince Comple∣ments the Queen
The Queen her letter to the Prince of Trent.
She enters into the state of Ve∣nice.
The Cava∣liers of Ve∣rona com∣plement Don Antonio Pimentel.
In Dolce they resolve; to go tho∣rough the Countrey of Mantoua.
My Lord Holsteni∣us gives in∣formation to the Legate of Ferrara.
The Mar∣quiss An∣dreasi com∣plementeth the Queen in the name of the Duke of Montoua
The Duke goes to meet the Queen.
He wait•• on her Ma∣jesty.
Who recei∣ved him with great courtesie.
The Arch-Dutchesse complemen∣teth the Queen.
She passeth the Po, and is royalty re∣ceived in Revere.
The enter∣tainments, given to her Majesty by the Duke of Mantoua.
She eats in publick.
She departs from Revere with great satisfaction.
The Nuntii of his Holy∣nesse go to meet the •• Queen.
She arrives at Figaro∣lo,
She advan∣ced towards Ferrara.
A splendid bridge o're the Po.
She is met at the gate of Ferrara.
She alights at the Cathe∣dral, being received by the Cardi∣nal Bishop.
From the Church she goes to the Castle.
Count Montecuc∣coli sent by the Queen to Rome.
The quali∣ties of the Prince of St. Grego∣ry.
And of Car∣dinal Pio.
The Queens discourse at the Table.
The descri∣ption of Fer∣rara.
The noble qualities of the Cardinal John Bap∣tist Spada.
She departs from Ferra∣ra.
She is re∣ceived on the con∣fines by the Vice-Le∣gate of Bo∣logna.
Cardinall Lomelli∣no goes out to meet the Queen
Her recep∣tion at her entrance in∣to Bologna.
She visits the Church & fine Con∣vent of St. Dominique
The ho∣nours her Majesty re∣ceived in Bologna.
She dines in publick.
The manner of the said Tilting.
The descri∣ption of Bologna.
The wor∣thy quali∣ties of the Bolognesi.
The emi∣nent condi∣tion of Car∣dinal Lo∣mellino.
She departs from Bo∣logna.
She is met on the Con∣fines by the Vice Le∣gate Ro∣magna.
She is met by Cardinal Donghi the Bishop of Imola.
Her rece∣ption in I∣mola.
The emi∣nent quali∣tyes of Cardinall Donghi.
She departs from Imo∣la.
And is met by the Go∣vernour of Faenza.
And after∣wards by Cardinall Ross••tt•• the Bishop of the place.
The honors d••ne her Majesty in Faenza.
She dines in publique.
The vertu∣ous prepa∣rations de∣signed for her Majesty in Faenza.
The Descri∣ption of Fa∣enza,
The quali∣ties of Car∣dinall Ros∣setti.