Purchas his pilgrimes. part 2 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

§. II.

Description of the Maldiues, their thirteene Cantons, twelue thousand Iles, Sea∣changes, [ 10] strange Currents, Monsons, Maine-Inlets, blacke boyling Sea, Heate, Seasons, Ciuilitie, and haire Ceremonionsnesse.

THe Ilands of the Maldiues, begin in eight degrees of the Equinoctial line, on the North∣side and end in foure degrees on the South-side. They are of an extraordinarie length, about two hundred leagues, but not aboue thirtie or fiue & thirtie leagues in Latitude. * 1.1 They are distant from the firme land, that is to say, from Cape Comorin, from Couan and * 1.2 Cochin, one hundred and fiftie leagues. The Portugals reckon that there are foure thousand and [ 20] fiue hundred leagues by Sea, to goe thither from Spaine.

They are diuided into thirteene Prouinces, which they call Atollons, which is a naturall parti∣tion according to the scituation of the places. Forasmuch as euery Atollon is seperated from o∣thers, * 1.3 and contaynes in it selfe a great multitude of small Iles; It is admirable to behold, how that each of these Atollons are inuironed round with a huge ledge of Rockes. The Atollons are all after a sort circular or ouall, hauing each of them thirtie leagues, some a little more, some a little lesse, and lye all one at the end of the other: from the North to Susans, they almost touch one another: there are betweene two channels of the Sea, the one large the other exceeding nar∣row. Being in the middest of an Atollon, you shall see about you a great ledge of Rockes which impale and defend the Iles, against the impetuousnesse of the Sea. But it is a very fearefull thing [ 30] euen to the most couragious to approach to this ledge, and see the waues come afarre off and * 1.4 breake furiously on euery side. For I assure you, as a thing which I haue seene a thousand times, that the surge or billow is greater then a House, and as white as Cotton: so that you shall view round about you as it were a very white Wall, especially when the Sea is loftie.

Now within each of these Cantons, is almost an infinit number of Ilands, both smal and great. The Inhabitants told me, that there are about twelue thousand. But I conjecture that there ap∣peare * 1.5 not so many, and that they say twelue thousand, to note an incredible number, and which they cannot count. It is true that there are an innumerable multitude of small ones, which are as it were Hillockes of sand, all vnpeopled. And moreouer the King of the Maldiues puts this number in his Titles, for hee is called Sultan Ibrahim d••los assa raltera Atholon; that is to say, [ 40] Ibrahim Sultan, King of thirteene Prouinces and twelue thousand Iles. * 1.6

Which notwithstanding, the currents and daily flowing of the Sea diminish that number, as the Inhabitants informed me, who said also that a proportion of the number of the people are consumed, and that there are not so many as were accustomed to be anciently. Also they re∣ported that within one of the Atollons, all the little Iles and Sea which part them, was one * 1.7 continued ground, and that it was in former times but one only Ile, cut and diuided after into many. And surely they which nauigate neere the Maldiues, discerne all within white, by rea∣son of the sand which is of this colour, vpon all the Flats and Rocks. The Sea thereabouts is very quiet and of a meane depth, insomuch that the deepest entrance is not twentie fathomes; and yet heere are very few entrances: for a man may almost see the bottome euery where. [ 50]

All the shallowes are stone, Rocke and sand, so that when the tide is out, it reacheth not to ones waste, and for the most part to the mid-legge; so that it were very easie to goe with∣out a Boate throughout all the Iles of the same Atollon, if it were not for two causes. The one great fishes called Paimones, which deuoure men and breake their legges and armes, when they * 1.8 encounter them; the other is that the depths of the Sea are generally very keene and sharpe Rockes which hurt them wonderfully that goe into it. And moreouer, they meete with many branches of a certaine thing which I know not whether to terme Tree or Rocke, it is not much vnlike white Corall, which is also branched and piercing, but altogether polished; on the con∣trary, * 1.9 this is rugged, all hollow and pierced with little holes and passages, yet abides hard and ponderous as a stone. They call it in their Language Aquiry, they keepe it to make their Honey [ 60] and Sugar of Cocos, hauing bruised them with little stones, and putting them to boyle with the water of Cocos, this is that which fashions their Honey and their Sugar. It greatly hinders those which wash themselues in the Sea, it was very difficult to me to goe so from Ile to Ile without a Boate, but they which are accustomed goe often.

Amongst these Ilands there are very many, and as I beleeue the greatest number, which are * 1.10 wholl: vnhabited, and which haue neither Trees nor Herbs; others which haue no greene thing, and are but a moueable sand yet there are some which are for the most part ouerflowne at spring tides, and are discouered when the Sea is out, the residue are all couered with great Crab, (which they call Cacouue) and Cray-fishes.

There are great store of Fowles called Pinguy, which heere lay and hatch, and here is such a * 1.11 prodigious multitude of them, that a man knowes not (I haue often made triall) where to set his foot without touching their Egges, or young ones, or the old Birds, which flye not farre when they see men. The Ilanders eate them not, and yet they are very good meate, and as bigge as Pidgeons, their Feathers white and blacke. These Iles which I haue said to bee vnhabited, ap∣peare afarre off white, as if they were couered with Snow, by reason of the great whitenesse of [ 10] the Sand which is fine and subtle, as that of an Houre-glasse, and so hot and burning, that the * 1.12 Egges of those Birds are hatched with great facilitie.

They haue great scarcitie of fresh water, some Ilands are well woodded and inhabited which haue not any; except some few, whither the Inhabitants are constrayned to go and seeke it from * 1.13 the confining Iles; also they haue inuentions to receiue raine water: and although they haue wa∣ter in the Iles, they are not like one another, being better in one respect then another. All their Pit-water is neither very sweet nor wholsome. They make their Pits in this manner, digging * 1.14 three or foure foot in the Earth, a little more or lesse, they find fresh-water in abundance, and (that which is very strange) not aboue foure feet from the Sea-shore, in places also which are often * 1.15 [ 20] ouer-flowne. I haue obserued that their waters are very cold in the day, principally at noone, and in the night very hot.

But to returne to the thirteene Atollons, here are their names beginning at the North Point, which is in the head, which the Portugals call for that cause Cabexadel las ilhas, and in the Mal∣diues Tongue, Tilla dou matis, in the same signification, that is to say, the high Point, which is vn∣der eight degrees of the Line on the North-side, in the same height that Cochin is. Now the first * 1.16 Atollon is called Tilla dou matis. The second Milla doue madoue. The third, Padypolo. The fourth, Malos madou. The fift, Ariatollon. The sixt, Male Atollon, which is the principall where is the Iland of Malé, chiefe ouer the others. The seuenth, Poulisdous. The eighth, Molucque. The ninth, Nillandous. The tenth, Collo madous. The eleuenth, Adou matis. The twelfth, Souado••. [ 30] The thirteenth, Addou and Poua Molucque, which are distinguished into two little ones, and separated, as the others, but are very small, and therefore are accounted as one. Notwithstan∣ding, Addou, as the better giues name to the other.

Euery A••ollon is separated from his Neighbour by a channell of the Sea, which passeth be∣tweene them. But although they cannot passe with great ships without perishing, yet there * 1.17 are foure which are farre larger then the others, and may easily passe for great ships, notwith∣standing, it is very dangerous, and perillous to goe there, and especially in the night: for it is certaine to bee ship wrackt (as we were) because they cease not to encounter certaine Shoalds and Rockes, which they ought to shunne. I haue seene amongst the Maldiues many Sea-cards, * 1.18 where these were exquisitely deciphered. These people also are maruellous cunning to auoide [ 40] them, and to saile through passages very dangerous without perishing. I haue seene them often passe in the middle of the Bankes, Sands, and Rockes, through little channels so narrow, that they had roome only for their Ba••ke, and sometimes so euenly that they grated the Rockes on both sides; and neuerthelesse they went securely in the middest of those perils, and with a high saile. Once being with some of the Ilanders in a little Boate, which was not aboue foure fathome long, the Sea was higher then the two Pikes length, and so outragious and turbulent as could not be more. I thought euery moment that the billow would haue carried mee out of the Boat; where I had great labor to hold my selfe, and they were not a whit perplexed, nor did feare any thing. For they feare not the Sea, and are very skilfull to conduct Barkes and Boats, being made and accustomed to this from their youth, aswell the Gentlemen as poore people, and it [ 50] should be a disgrace to them to be ignorant in it. For this cause it is impossible to summe vp the * 1.19 number of Ba••kes and Boates which are throughout all the Iles, for as much as the poorest will haue one, the rich many. They neuer saile by night, but take Land euery euening, they saile not neither without sight of Land without a Compasse, except when they goe out of their Iles, and goe some long Voyage. They carrie therefore little prouision, but buy daily whatsoeuer they need in diuers Ilands.

The greatest part also of the Iles which are within the circuite of one Atollon, are surrounded * 1.20 with a shoald, and there are but one or two open places which are very strait and difficult to heed: wherefore it is necessary that they vnderstand well the manner actiuely to guide their Barkes, otherwise if they be defectiue the least thing in the World, their Barke will bee ouer∣throwne, [ 60] and their Merchandize perish. As for the men they can swimme well within those * 1.21 parts of the Sea preserues them daily, and to speake truly, they are as it were halfe fishes, they are so vsed to the Sea, whither they goe daily either swimming, or roading or sailing. I haue seene them many times within the ledge of Rockes where the Sea is calme, runne swimming

after the fishes, which they haue suddenly perceiued bathing themselues, and haue taken them in their course. And this is vsuall. And yet they faile not often to lose their Barkes, notwith∣standing all their dexteritie.

The greatest discommoditie is the current Pyuarou, which run aswell to the East as the West, in the channels of the Iles, and in diuers in-draughts of the Sea, six moneths on one Coast, and six * 1.22 months on another; yet not certainly, but sometimes more, someimes lesse. This is that which de∣ceiues them, and ordinarily casts them away. The winds are aswel fixed as the currents, from the * 1.23 East quarter or the West, but they vary sometimes, and are not so ruled, fetching their Compasse toward the North or the South, and the current goes perpetuall his accustomed course, till the season alter. It is a very remarkable thing, that whereas the Atollons are continued one at the [ 10] end of the other, and separated by channels of the Sea which goe thorow them, they haue open * 1.24 places and entrances opposite one to the other two on one side, and two on the other, by which meanes men may goe and come from Atollon to Atollon, and alway communicate together. Wherein may be obserued an effect of the prouidence of God, which hath left nothing vnper∣fect. For if there were but two open places in euery Atollon, that is, one on one side, and ano∣ther on the other; it were not possible to passe from Atollon to Atollon, nor from entrance to en∣trance, because of the boysterousnesse of the currents; which runne sixe moneths to the East, and sixe to the West, and permit not to crosse ouer, but force them downe. And when the two en∣trances are not aduerse, but one on the East Coast, the other on the West, men may easily enter, but not returne, except the sixe monethes are ended, and the current changed. Now as these en∣tries [ 20] are disposed, men may notwithstanding the currents goe from one Atollon to another, in euery season, and Traffique, and Merchandize freely together, as they doe; for as much as eue∣ry Atollon is open with foure entrances which are in opposition to their two Neighbours.

The entrances of these Atollons are vnlike, some competently broad, others very narrow, the largest is not more then two hundred paces or thereabouts; some are but thirtie, nay lesse. On * 1.25 both the sides of each of these passages are two Iles, on each side one, you would say that it were to guard the comming in, which surely were easie to doe, if they would, with Ordnance hin∣der the ships to enter, because the largest hath not aboue two hundred paces. Now concerning the channels (which they call Candou) which diuide the Atollons, foure are Nauigable, where the great ships may goe to passe through the Maldiues, many strangers ships of all sorts passe of∣ten [ 30] there, but not without perill, for there are a great number yeerely cast away. It is not that they affect this passage (for all on the contrary shunne it, as much as may be) but they are situa∣ted in such sort in the middest of the Sea, and so long, that it is not easie to escape them, prin∣cipally the currents carrie the ships thither against their wils, when the calmes or contrary winds take them, and that they cannot helpe themselues with their sailes, to make way against the currents. The first beginnes on the North-side, and is that where wee were shipwrackt at the entry of the shelfe of the Atollon of Malos madou. The second approacheth very neere Malé, * 1.26 called Caridou, in the middest whereof is the greatest of all the Iles, so hemmed in with Rocks as I haue said. The third, is by Malé, stretching toward the South, and is called Addou. The fourth, is called Souadon, which is directly vnder the Equinoctiall Line: this is greatest of all, [ 40] hauing more then twentie leagues in widenesse.

The Ilanders going by the Iles and Atollons, helpe not themselues with a Compasse, except in * 1.27 farre Voyages, but when they passe through the great channell they vse it. All the other chan∣nels betweene the Atollons are very straite, and full of Rockes and Shoalds, they cannot goe but in small Barkes, and yet it is requisite to haue great knowledge of the places to saile without danger. I found it strange sayling with the Ilanders in the channell, which separates Malé and Polisdou, and which beares the name of Polisdon, and is seuen leagues broad or thereabouts, that the Sea appeares there blacke as Inke, notwithstanding beeing taken vp in a Pot, it differs not * 1.28 from other water; I saw it daily boyle in bigge blacke billowes, as if it had beene water on the fire. In this entrance the Sea runnes not as in other places, which is feareful to behold: I thought [ 50] I was in the nethermost depths perceiuing not that the water mooued on one side or the other. I know not the reason, but I know well that the Natiues are greatly afraid of it: they very of∣ten encounter such tortures.

Seeing these Iles are so neere the Equinoctiall on both sides, it may bee judged what is the qualitie of the Aire, which is very intemperate, and the heate excessiue. Notwithstanding the * 1.29 day and night are alwayes equall, the nights are very coole, and bring abundance of dew. This coolenesse is a cause that the Countrey may bee more commodiously inhabited, and that the * 1.30 Herbs and Trees are fruitfull, notwithstanding the heate of the Sunne. The Winter beginnes in the moneth of Aprill, and continues sixe monethes and the Summer in the moneth of Octo∣ber, * 1.31 which endures sixe other moneths. The Winter is without Frost, but alwayes rainie. The [ 60] Winds are violent from the West Coast; on the contrary the East is extreame hot, and neuer cau∣seth * 1.32 Raine.

They affirme, that the Maldiues haue beene heretofore peopled by the Cingala, (so they call the Inhabitants of the Iland of Ceylan.) But I finde that the Maldiues resemble not at all the * 1.33

Cingala, which are blacke, and very euill seatured, and these are well shaped and proportioned, and little differ from vs, except their colour, which is Oliue. But it is out of doubt, that the place and the length of time haue made them more gracefull then those which first inhabited the Iles. Adde also that there are seated a great number of strangers of all parts, which inhabit there, (besides the Indians) who from time to time haue been ship wrackt as we were. Wherefore * 1.34 the people which inhabit Male, and round about to the North point are found more orderly, ho∣nest and ciuill: and they which are on the South-side toward the low point, are more rude in their Language and Fashions, and not so well featured; and blacker, and also many women of the poorer sort are naked without any shame, hauing only a little cloth to couer their Priuities: And for as much as the North-coast is daily more haunted and frequented with strangers who or∣dinarily marrie there: Also that it is the passage of all the ships, which enrich the Countrey, and [ 10] ciuilize it more and more, which is the cause that persons of ranke and qualitie seate them∣selues there more willingly, and not toward the South, whither the King sends in Exile those which he will punish with banishment. And yet the people which inhabit the South parts, are not inferiour in capacitie or Religion to the others, if it be not more for other things, but all their Gentry inhabit on the North Coast, where also they take their Souldiers.

The people is very Religions, greatly addicted to Manufactures of all kindes of Workes, * 1.35 wherein they excell, also in Letters and Sciences after their manner, principally in Astrologie, whereof they make great esteeme. They are a wise and circumspect Nation, very fraudulent in their Merchandizing, and their liuing in the World. They are valiant and hardie, and well seene in Armes, and liue in great order and policie. The women are faire, but that they are of an O∣liue [ 20] * 1.36 colour: and some are found as white as they be in Europe, yet they haue all blacke haire: but they esteeme that beautie, and many make it to come so, wherefore they keep their Daugh∣ters * 1.37 heads shauen, till the age of eight or nine yeeres, not leauing them till then any haire but a little on their fore-heads, to distinguish them from Boyes, who haue none at all, yet this comes not lower then their Eye-browes, and after that the children are borne, they shaue them from eight dayes to eight dayes, which makes their haire very blacke, that would not be so else, for I haue seene little children with halfe flaxen haire.

The beautie and ornament of the women is to haue their haire very long, thicke, and blacke, which they accommodate and wash often, and purifie with water and Lye made of purpose: ha∣uing well washed and clensed their heads and haire, they abide in the wind all disheuelled, but * 1.38 [ 30] within the compasse of their house, vntill it bee throughly dry; after they rub and oyle their haire with odoriferous Oyle, which causeth that their heads are alwayes moyst and Oily. For they neuer wet their bodies men nor women, but after they oyle them, two or three times in the weeke for their haire, but for their bodie, oftener then there are dayes. As for their haire they are not obliged to wash it, but when they haue accompanied together, and they are bound particularly euery Friday, which is their Sabbath, and in all their great Feasts; the men on their Fridayes, the women on their seuerall Feasts only, but sleepe after it when they shall thinke good and according to their necessitie. The women also perfume their heads for a little reason which they haue, and so washed, oyled, and perfumed they attire themselues, which is to bring all their haire from before backward, and draw it out as much as may be, that one haire may not [ 40] mo••e nor wauer this way nor that way: after they tye them behind, or they make a great tuft bound on, for which greatnesse, they haue a counterfeite Locke of mans haire, but as long as the womens, in fashion of a Horse taile; and to hold it, they garnish it at the great end after the manner of a (l 1.39) and all the rest of their haire is put in order: after the (m 1.40) of Gold or Siluer is couered with Pearles and Iewels according to their abilities: and some weare two of these false haires, because it serueth to tye their haire behind, and make the tuft greater. They put also odoriferous flowers of the Countrey, which is not there of defectiue.

It is not permitted the men, but onely the Souldiers and Officers of the King, and Gentlemen to weare their haire long, who doe so for the most part, and as long as the womens, yea take as much paines as they to wash, clense, and oyle and sweeten it with flowers: and there is no other [ 50] diffrence, but that the men bind their haire on one of their sides, or right vp, or vpon the head, and not behinde as the women: also they neuer weare any false Periwigs: they are not compelled to weare their haire so, but short or long, as they thinke good. I haue seene the King and the Princes, and greatest part of the Grandes and Souldiers, who weare their haire short, and they which weare them long, for the most part, when they are weary, or when they grow no more, cut them off to giue or sell to women, for they haue no counterfeit haire, but mens, because they neuer shaue the womens haire liuing or dead: the most part of these false haires come from the Conti∣nent, * 1.41 as from Cochin, Calicut and all the coast of Malabar, where all the men weare their haire long, which after they cut and sell for women, as wel of the Countrey as Aliants. Their haire in∣creaseth there a great deale faster then here, because, as I coniecture, they so often wash and oyle [ 60] them, also by reason of the extraordinary heate, which causeth their haire to be thicker and * 1.42 harder, but neuer curled as with vs. Commonly also the men are hairy ouer all the bodie, yea so thicke as more cannot be imagined; here of they boast, as if it were the strength of nature; which

yet they finde not alwayes true, and if a man bee not so hairy, they say, that hee rather resembles a woman then a man, and despise him for it: but the women a••e not so hairy, and haue no haire but in ordinary places.

There is no common Barbers, but euery one hath skill to shaue, as well men as women, and vse no razor for it, nor any combe; but they haue sizers of cast copper, and looking-glasses also of * 1.43 copper, which they vse instead of razors of steele, but not made as ours. They shaue themselues after our fashion: for the King and Peeres, there are men which account themselues honoured to serue in this office, not for game, but for affection, being men of fashion; the King sends them pre∣sents at the yeeres end. Also throughout all the Ilands there is neither man nor woman, rich nor poore, great nor little, which after the age of fifteene yeeres hath not all their furniture and [ 10] instruments so to order their head: and they are very curious to take them off when it neuer so little grieves or troubles them.

The maidens weare no coats till the age of eight or nine yeeres, but onely a cloth which rea∣cheth * 1.44 from the girdle to the knee, which they weare from the time they begin to goe: but the boyes weare nothing till they are seuen yeeres olde and are circumcised: they say that it is not necessary that their daughters should weare any other robe the time aforesaid, for that then their breasts begin to beare out & increase, and it is needfull to couer them, as a thing which they hold as great a shame to show, as here their priueties; and then they let their haire increase with∣out * 1.45 any more cutting, but adorne and trim it, being then in the time to finde some to marry with; for before that they hold them as children, and permit not men nor boyes to speake of loue to [ 20] them, for that they are not acknowledged nor arrayed as maidens. Now the men being very old and couered with haire, as I haue said, and not clothing their bodies from the girdle vpwards, they shaue not the haire on the breast and stomacke, but in such a fashion as they cut the haire in one place, and leaue it in another, to the end that it may appeare and bee like the fashion of a cased doublet.

The men weare their beards in two fashions: one which is permitted to the Pandiares, Naibes, * 1.46 and Catibes, and other Ecclesiasticall persons, and those which haue gone on pilgrimage to Mecca, and Medinatalnaby in Arabia, where is the Sepulchre of Mahomet, to weare their beard so long as they will, and not to shaue it but vnder the throat, and their vpper and lower lips, be∣cause they would not for any thing being eating or drinking touch a haire, being the greatest na∣stinesse [ 30] and filthinesse in the world: wherefore they haue no haire about their mouth; and I haue * 1.47 often seene that for finding onely one haire in a platter of meat, they would not touch it, and re∣mained rather without eating, giuing it to the birds and other creatures, except any bodie would haue it. The other sort of beards for the rest of the nation, and the commonest is to weare a little one after the Spanish custome, shauen about their mouth and vnder their throat, but without mustaches, and in the cheekes they make like holes and fashions with the sizers, and they shaue them very close, yet so that it may appeare. Their chin as we vse now.

In the meane while they curiously keepe the shauings of their haire and nailes, without losing * 1.48 or letting fall any, and are carefull to interre it in there Church-yards with a little water: for they would not for any thing in the world goe vpon it, or cast the left part into the fire; because, [ 40] they say, being part of the bodie it requires burying as wel as the bodie; and they inclose it neatly in a little cotton, and the most of them wil be shauen in the porches of their temples or Moschees. They are verie hardie and insensible in all this, and vse no hot water in shauing them; their razors cut verie naughtily, and they doe nothing but poure a little cold water vpon it; and whatsoeuer hurt they doe, they complaine not, and say that it paines them not: this comes of custome to them, for else they would be as sensible as we.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Scituation.
• * 1.2

  Their distance
• * 1.3

  Diuision into 13 Atollons.
• * 1.4

  Force of the Sea.
• * 1.5

  12000. Ilands.
• * 1.6

  Kings Title.
• * 1.7

  Sea makes daily alterati∣on.
• * 1.8

  Danger by Sharkes and sharpe stones.
• * 1.9

  A kind of Cur∣rall.
• * 1.10

  Many of the Ilands ••r•• n•••• inhabited.
• * 1.11

  Prodigious numbers of he Pinguy Fowles.
• * 1.12

  Heat of sands.
• * 1.13

  Want of water
• * 1.14

  Pits how made
• * 1.15

  Hot at night and cold at noone.
• * 1.16

  Names of the Atollons.
• * 1.17

  Foure princi∣pall chann••ls,
• * 1.18

  The Natiues dexter: 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in sayling.
• * 1.19

  Nu〈…〉〈…〉 numb••••s of La••k••s. No sayling by night.
• * 1.20

  Shoalds,
• * 1.21

  Good S〈…〉〈…〉 m••••••.
• * 1.22

  Strange Sea∣curr••n••s.
• * 1.23

  The Monsons.
• * 1.24

  Inlets oppo∣site.
• * 1.25

  Forme of the Entrances and their danger.
• * 1.26

  The first. The second, third, and fourth.
• * 1.27

  No Compasse but in long Voyages.
• * 1.28

  Sea blacke as Inke; the water not.
• * 1.29

  Heat.
• * 1.30

  Dewes.
• * 1.31

  Winter,
• * 1.32

  Winds.
• * 1.33

  Whence peopled.
• * 1.34

  Ciuilitie of the North parts. South bar∣barous.
• * 1.35

  Religion.
• * 1.36

  Women.
• * 1.37

  Haire-cere•• monies.
• * 1.38

  Bathing and Oyling.
• l 1.39

  De dez a cou∣dre.
• m 1.40

  Dez.
• * 1.41

  Increase of haire.
• * 1.42

  Hairie on their bodies.
• * 1.43

  All Barbers and none.
• * 1.44

  Boyes and girles.
• * 1.45

  Shame to let the breasts be seene.
• * 1.46

  Beards of two sorts.
• * 1.47

  Neat super∣st••••on. Curiositie.
• * 1.48

  Very niggards