Purchas his pilgrimes. part 2 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

CHAP. IX.

Relation of Ormuz, and of the late taking thereof by the [ 10] English and Persians.

§. I.

A Relation of the Kings of Ormuz, and of the foundation of the Citie of Ormuz, taken out of a Chronicle which a King of the same Kingdome composed, called Pachaturunxa, [ 20] written in Arabicke.

KIng Mahomet raigning in Aman, which is within Arabia felix: in the beginning * 1.1 of his re••gne, desiring to amplifie his Kingdome and fame, assembled all the great men of his Kingdome, and said vnto them, how the Countries of the coast of Per∣sia had beene his predecessours, and by negligence of some of them they were lost, disinhabited, and vnprofitable: that hee determined with the principall of his Kingdome that would follow him to goe thither in person, and with some of the common sort for to build some Cities and Townes in that Countrie, and that it might be cul∣tiuated, seeing it was a good Countrie. And so would his Kingdome and his fame be augmen∣ted, [ 30] and that he would leaue for the gouernment of Arabia his Sonne, which was a man able to rule well. All condescending that his determination seemed them well, he commanded present∣ly to prepare much people, many of the principals following him; and departing from Aman, * 1.2 they came to Calciate, which is neere the Sea in the same Arabia. Hee thought good, and his also to build in that port a Citie, because it was a place disposed for them of the Countrie to traffique with the Ships that should passe that way: for the which his Sonne remained there with much people, putting in effect the determination of his Father and of his Counsell; and the Citie in time did so prosper, that at this day in the ruines it showeth to haue beene a very great and no∣ble Citie. After that King Mahomet had ordained the matters of Arabia and of Calciate, he embarked with the people he had for his company diuided in many ships, which hee caused [ 40] to be made ready, and passed to the side of the coast of Persia, and arriued at the Cape of Iasques, * 1.3 that is where Ormuz doth now stand, thirty leagues without the straight. And seeing that Coun∣try, and the disposition of it not conuenient to settle himselfe, iournying along the coast, hee arriued at a Countrie which then was called Harmuz, which is neere to that which now is cal∣led * 1.4 Magostan, and Braami, which now at this day they call Costeca, it stands right against that which now is called Harmuz, in the coast of Persia. And the King with his contenting themselues with the Countrie, determined to settle themselues in it and to inhabit, and so they tooke in hand presently to build houses, and to husband the ground.

And because this King was very liberall, and fauoured much the poore people of the Country, and the husbandmen, and receiued strangers louingly, hee was well beloued generally of all that * 1.5 [ 50] had notice of him. And the fame of his vertues speading abroad, and his noblenesse through all the place round about, many people came vnto him to dwell vnder his defence and gouernment. This was the cause whereby this new Citie was much enobled. The fame of his vertues and goodnesse was spread abroad among all the Kings of that straight, as well of Persia as of other parts of Ar••bia, all of them sent to visit him with great presents, shewing the great contentment they had with his good neighbourhood. When this King saw himselfe prosper, and fauoured of all about him, and with many people, to purchase more the loue of all men, he commanded money to be coined, for there was none in the Countrey, which increased greatly the loue of all men to∣ward him, and iointly the prosperity of his Country. For this benefit which hee did to all that Countrie in the inuenting mony for them, they called him generally Deranqun, which is to say, [ 60] seale of money. After the Citie of Ormuz built in the coast of Persia, and prosperous with many people and riches, the King commanded his great men to goe through the Countries of Mago∣stan, and euery one should take that which best liked him, for to cultiuate, inhabite, and build in it

diuers Townes. They did so, and euery one tooke the countrie that liked him best, and inhabited and husbanded it, and euery one gaue his owne name to the Countrie he tooke, of whom those Countries are nominated to this day. And because the Kings that succeeded Mahomet were migh∣ty and good in their gouernment, they held the Countrie in their successions, increasing alwaies in people and noblenesse. And their children that descended of them were such continually, that the Fathers in their life time gaue them the gouernment of the Kingdome, and they rested in their old age.

It was the custome among these Kings, because the memory of their forefathers might not pe∣rish, when they came to the tenth generation, they began their denominations anew, the tenne [ 10] * 1.6 following tooke the names of the ten before. In sort that the first of the number of the ten was to take the name of the founder; and so in order till the number of ten were ended. This order continued some yeeres, the reigne going by a direct line. Afterward this order and custome pe∣rished, because that one for couetousnesse of reigning did kill the other, and many were made blinde by others that would haue the gouernment of the Kingdome. But there is one great and notable thing in this Kingdome, that although there were many that reigned tyrannously, mur∣thering the lawfull Kings, yet vnto this day there neuer reigned any that was not of the bloud Royall. Onely Hormuz, being in the side of Persia, one that then reigned being dead, and hauing none of the bloud royall in the Countrie, the Goazill (which is the Gouernour of the Kingdome) * 1.7 did make himselfe King. At this time a Sonne in law of the King deceased which was his Ne∣phew, was with a great Armie of men of warre, by commandement of his Vncle, against the I∣land and Citie of Cays. Newes were brought him how his Vncle was dead, and how the Goazil [ 20] * 1.8 had made himselfe King; wherefore hee raised presently the siege from against Cays, and came with all the men he had to Ormuz: and assoone as he came he was receiued of all with great con∣tentments and feasts, for they were very sorry to haue for their King a man that was not of the bloud royall, wherefore with great feasts they tooke the Kings Nephew for their King. Which commanded presently to behead the Goazill which had made himselfe King, and all his associates and allies.

After that the direct line was broken in the succession of the Kingdome, there was no such good gouernment in the Kingdome, neither did the things thereof prosper, but went rather to decay and diminution, whereby there was not already so much resistance against their aduersaries, the [ 30] warres of the neighbour Kings increasing, the King of Chreman chanced to come, which is with∣in * 1.9 the land of Persia, with a great armie, and very puissant against Hormuz, for to destroy it. The King Cabadim which reigned at that time in Hormuz, not daring to abide the encounter and power of the King of Chreman, embarked himselfe with all the people hee could, and the Countrey forsaken, withdrew himselfe to the Iland that is called Quexome, which is neere the * 1.10 Iland of Ormuz. And being in it a few daies, and thinking he was not safe in it, being somewhat too bigge, and in it he could not well defend himselfe, he passed then with his people to the I∣land which now is called Hormuz, because it was closer, holding that in it he might defend him∣selfe from whatsoeuer enemies. This Iland was before desert, and had no more but a few poore * 1.11 Fishermen, and they called it Iarum, which is to say a Wood. For as the Iland is almost all of Salt, and the grounds almost all sal••ish, because some Riuers that run through it, which come [ 40] from a Mountaine that is in the middest of it, are of the salt water, and by the sides of the wa∣ter lieth the Salt white as Snow, and hee that is to passe the Riuer must step ouer the Salt. And the stones of the hill in some places are salt, which the shippes doe carrie for balast vnto India. Notwithstanding about the Iland there grow some very thin Woods and Trees like Apple trees of Anafega, which beare a Fruite that the Portugals doe call small Apples, like the Apples of Anafega, which doe not eate well, for they are sustained and liue by the raine water. So * 1.12 that because the Iland is barren, and beareth nothing but that which I said: because it is so salt, they call it Iarum. Also because it was not inhabited, it was in times past smaller and closer then now it is, as euen to this day the Inhabitants doe shew the places where the Sea did reach. The [ 50] King Cabad〈…〉〈…〉 landing now in this Iland, and determining to settle him selfe in it, began to build houses for himselfe and his to inhabit. They remedied themselues with that which they went to seeke in the Countries round about. And also because the King of Creman returned to his owne Countrey, they went from thence to maintaine the places which before they did possesse, cultiua∣ting them. And because the Citie built in the Iland of Iarum prospered, they made it the head of their Kingdome. Those which succeeded them named it Hormuz, which remaineth to this day, * 1.13 which was the name of the principall Citie which they had on the firme land, that the King of Geman destroyed and arruinated.

It is to be noted that this straight of Harmuz, some Ieagues within from Ormuz, is an Iland cal∣led * 1.14 Cays; in the which was built in times past a very rich and noble Citie, whereof at this day [ 60] there is a remembrance among them of the Country, and now the Iland is desert, in the which ap∣peare the memory of the old buildings that were in it. This Iland and Citie was very rich, po∣pulous, and very prosperous, because of the great resort of Ships that resorted from all parts of India, with great riches and great store of goods, and for the great concourse of people that from

Persia and Arabia come to it to seeke such goods as came thither from India, bringing also very rich merchandise, in change of the which or for mony which they made of them they bought those that from India came thither. In sort that all the riches which now Hormuz hath, & all the * 1.15 traffick then the Iland of Cays had, that which now is called Hormuz, being as I haue said vnhabited.

The King of Hormuz seeing the euils that had befallen to him by meanes of the Goazil of Cays (which had prouoked the King of Xiras against him) he went against him with a great Armie, and besieging him some daies, and not being able to subdue him, he returned to Hormuz, because winter came on: and the next yeere he went against it, and tooke and sacked it, and left in it a Goazill made with his owne hand, with great store of people. The Goazill ouercome had meanes to escape, and he fled in a Terrada to the Iland of Baren: and made him strong againe in Baren, with the fauour of the Goazill of Baren, and returned againe against Cays, and craftily comming [ 10] to a parley with the Goazil which the King of Hormuz had lefe there for safegard of the Citie, he tooke him and pulled out both his eyes, and possest him againe of the Citie.

But Pacaturunxa succeeding in the Kingdome of Hormuz (which was the Author of this Chro∣nicle, * 1.16 and reigned about 300. yeeres agoe, little more or lesse) brought it vnder his subiection, and from thence forward it remained subiect to the Kingdome of Hormuz. And presently this Pa∣chaturunxa subdued the Iland of Baren, in punishment for the fauour that hee gaue to the Goazil of Cays: and so the Kings of Hormuz were prosperous, so that they subdued all the Ilands that were in all the straight and all the Countrie along the coast of Arabia vnto Lassa and Catiffa, and others also on the side of Persia, whereby it was made a very great Kingdome and a rich and very prosperous: chiefly that all the traffick of Cays was passed to the Iland, which now is called Hor∣muz: [ 20] whereby Cays was vtterly lost, as well in her buildings as in her riches, and now it is alto∣gether * 1.17 destroyed and vnhabited, hauing beene the principall Iland in all those parts. And Hormuz being a barren and vnhabited Iland, and a Mountaine of Salt, is among the richest Countries of the India one of the richest, for the many and great merchandize that come to it from all places of India, and from all Arabia, and from all Persia, euen of the Mogores, and from Russia and Europe I saw Merchants in it, and from Venice. And so the Inhabiters of Hormuz doe say, that all the world is a ring, and Hormuz is the stone of it. Whereby it is commonly said, that the Custome-house of Hormuz is a channell of Siluer which alwaies runneth. The last yeere that I was in Hor∣muz, hauing continued there three yeeres, the Officers affirmed to mee that the Custome-house did yeeld 150000. Pardaos to the King of Portugall, besides that which is presumed the Moores [ 30] and the Goazill did steale, which are Officers of the Custome-house. And although this Iland yeeldeth no fruit, neither hath water nor victualls, yet it hath great abundance of flesh, bread, rice, and great store of fish, and many and good fruits, whereof it is prouided from many places, especially from Persia, &c.

§. II.

Relation of Ormuz businesse by Master W. PINDER.

A Briefe of some passages and accidents of a Voyage to the East Indie in the London, Cap∣taine [ 40] Andrew Shilling Commander of her, and three other Ships in the Company, * 1.18 namely the Hart, wherein Master Richard Blith was Viceadmirall, the Roe Bucke Rere admirall, Master Richard Swan Master of her, and Christopher Browne Master of the Egell, being the fourth Ship, the fiue and twentieth of March 1620. These foure Ships set saile from the Downes the foure and twentieth of Aprill. All foure Ships got into Saldan•• Bay, whose latitude is 33. degrees 57. minutes, and 29. degrees, 48. minutes, to the Easterne of the Lizart in Cornwall, and it hath 2. degrees 27. minutes Westerly variation. The same day ariued Captaine Fitz-Harbord with the Exchange and Unitie, who came from England in our Company with three Ships vnder his command, and left our company the fourth of Aprill: there was in the Bay an English Ship that came from Surat, named the Lyon, Captaine Widdall in [ 50] her: also there were ten Dutch Ships, bound for Iaccatra.

The thirtieth of Iune our Ships were watered, being the chiefe cause of putting into that Bay, but formerly there hath bin plenty of Oxen and Sheepe, to bin bought for small value, but by some abuse to the people, there is nothing to be had, except water: by some neglect, our conti∣nuance was vntil the 25. of Iuly, with much hassard and preiudice to our passage: so plying for Su∣rat, with purpose to haue gone within the Iland of S. Lawrence, we were forst to goe without the Iland, being the first passage of any English without, to the cost of India: and the eight of October wee came to sight of certaine Ilands, in latitude tenne degrees fiftie one minutes of North and longitude from the Cape of Good hope, Easterly fifte fiue degrees 58. minutes, and variation thirteene degrees fiftie foure minutes Westerly. These Ilands affords good reliefe, and are worth [ 60] discouery, their owne Inhabitants report. From these Iles we ran with the coast of Indie, and first sight thereof was Mount Del〈…〉〈…〉, which is the highest hill in India, our latitude at sight of it was 11. degrees 47. minutes longitude 56. degrees 51. minutes variation 15 degrees 43. minutes.

the tenth of October. The Coast of India is bold to runne with all dangers, sheweth it selfe from Cape Commeren you may bee bold to runne all the Coast to Diu head in tenne fathom the darkest night that may bee, and good anchoring off, to thirtie or fortie fathome depth from the Coast; and from September vntill Februarie, you may saile to and fro on that Coast, hauing the Land wind turnes at night, and Sea wind turnes at day, proued by many trials. The thirteenth of October, the Ship anchored in twelue fathoms, fiue leagues from the Coast, in the latitude 13. de∣grees Northerly, 14. minutes, longitude 58. degrees Easterly, 12. min. from Cape Bonasperanca the sixteenth, certaine Boats brought vs fish with some small store of fruit, and hence from the shoare riding then in the latitude, 13. degrees 33. minutes, and 14. degrees 44. variation so pling to∣ward Surat: the seuen and twentieth we anchored some seuen mile and a halfe from Dabull, in [ 10] eight fathome and a halfe depth, the Towne bearing East by North, by the Compasse. From this place we had good prouision for our men, who were most sickly, but God restored health in short time to them, the latitude of it is 17. degrees Northerly, 38. minutes Easterly. From Dabul, on the third of Nouember wee plied for Surat, and on the sixth, in latitude 19. degrees 51. minutes. Capt. Shilling sent the Hart and Egell toward Persia, for Cape Iasquis being so appointed by the worshipfull Company. The ninth, the London and Row Buck arriued at the Port of Swally neere Surat, whose latitude is 21. degrees Northerly 16. minutes; there vnderstood we that the Portu∣gall lay with a Fleet of Ships to surprise those that should come to Iasques in the Persian Gulfe, which to preuent we made all the hast that might be to strengthen our friends, and preuent their plot, and on the one and twentieth of Nouember, wee surprised one of their Ships of some two [ 20] hundred and fiftie tun, who came from Arabia; this Ship wee manned landing all the Portugalls, * 1.19 and plied for Iasques, and on the fifth of December, we met the Hart and Egell forced from Iasques by the Portugall, and had turned off a Ship of theirs the which they tooke in their passage. Our forces vnited wee made hast to our Port, the which the fifteenth of December wee had sight of, and also of the Portugall Fleet, who assaulted vs the seuenteenth, but let them boast their entertai∣ment, praise to the Lord he fought for vs; and if the firing of a Ship, that should haue fired them had taken effect, their glorious pride had beene quailed that day. Yet were we Commanders vn∣der God of the Rood, while hee sent to Ormus to renew his forces, and on the twentieth came to∣wards vs, and then thought by often waying and tiring our men, being not accustomed to those hot parts to bee master of vs; but one the eight and twentieth hee was taught a better lesson, with Gods guard, and vse of our Powder and Shot: which had it not failed vs, they had scarce [ 30] any of them troubled Englishmen more; but I referre to them how they sped. Our Capt. Andrew Shilling receiued a mortall wound, the sixth shot that past this eight and twentieth, yet was va∣liant and spake cheerefull, with thankefulnesse to God the last minute of his life, which ended the sixth of Ianuarie. Hee was buried the ninth, and on the fourteenth we set saile for Surat from Iasques, whose latitude is twentie fiue degrees Northerly, twentie foure minutes, and eleuen degrees twentie minutes Northerly to the Wester of Damans meridian, some 18. degrees 40. minutes variation. On the seuen and twentieth of Ianuarie, wee tooke a Portugall in our re∣turne, which on the first of Februarie we brought to Swalle, our Port of Surrat and rebuilt her, sen∣ding the Portugalls to their homes. And on the fifth of Aprill, 1621. hauing laden the Hart and [ 40] Row Buck to goe for England with foure saile, vnder the command of Captaine Blith wee put to Sea, the time being to late for the laden Shippes to goe for England, it was thought fit to goe for the Red Sea, there to stay vntill the next season, in which passage we met a Portugall Ship of two hundred and fiftie tunne laden with Rice and Cordige of bast, for to supply those wee formerly fought with. Also the seuenth of May we tooke another of one hundred tunne. With these two prizes the London and Andrew went for Cape Rosselgate, and the Hart and Row buck went for Mercera. Being neither of vs able to get into the Red Sea, the times so farre past, the Ships sepe∣rated. As soone as the London came to Zor, where formerly I had been, there we made hast to pro∣uide vs water, and put many Portugals on shore, many other with their Moores made their escape.

Then plied we for Tewe, where the Arabs vsed vs courteously, so that from the seuenth of [ 50] Iune to the ninth, wee had filled ninetie tunne of water: on the fourteenth came order from Museat to the Arabs, to withstand our watering; with the Portugalls aide they did their best, some seuen or eight hundred of them with small Shot and Bow, and Arrowes, but the Lord fought our battell, so that but one of our men were lost, yet landed we daily with Brasse, Base, and small Shot, vntill all our Ships were watered, it standeth in the latitude 22. degrees Northerly fiftie minutes, and some twelue leagues within Cape Rosselgate, and hath twentie degrees fiue minutes variation, the coast bold from Rosselgate to it. On the two and twentieth of Iune, setting saile from thence for Zor, where wee made fall of the Rice taken, and after broke and burned the Ship by reason of her wants, to bring prouision of victuall for our men, and there daily watering on our guard, hauing newes ouer Land from the Hart and Row buck, to whom was re∣turned [ 60] answere, that they should meet vs at a braue Harbour some league within Rosselgate, it hath latitude 22. degrees Northerly 32. minutes, being by the chiefest of our Fleet called Londons Hoope, it hath Wood and Water on the West side of the Bay, also multitude of fish) the eight of August the Hart & Row buck came to vs, and on the fifteenth, we all set saile for India to stop the

Ports for entry of certaine Ships, their Prince hauing much wronged our Masters, promising them free passage through his Countrey with their goods, but when it came within it, he pre∣sently made bootie of it with his Souldiers; so Captaine Blith with the London and Primros••, one of the prizes formerly taken lay before the Harbour of Dabull, and Master Keridge in the Hart, Master Browne in the Roe Bucke, my selfe in the Andrew, so named, being the first Prize ta∣ken after the Death of Captaine Shilling, and with her the other were taken. These three last spe∣cified, lay before Chaul from the thirtieth of August, vntill the thirtieth of September, on which Night I was sent to goe for Surat in the Andrew, by order from Captaine Blith, and to aduer∣tise Master Thomas Rastell of our Passage he being Chiefe in the Factorie, and in my passage for Surrat, I surprised a Ship of that Princes, which had formerly wronged our Masters, and carri∣ed her to Surrat surrendring her to the chiefe Factor: there found I riding Captaine Weddall in [ 10] the Ionas, Master Woodcocke in the Whale, Master Stephenson in the Dolphin, Master Beuerson in the Lyon, Master Iohnson in the Rose, Master Dauis in the Richard, a Pinnesse who had taken a prize from the Portugals the twentieth of October. The London, Hart, Roe Bucke, and Primrose, came to Swalle with a Prize by them taken. We continued there till the sixe and twentieth of No∣uember, at which time with nine sayle of Ships for Persia, and the Hart and Egell for England. The nine that went for Persia were vnder the Command of Captaine Blith, and Captaine Wed∣dall, and on the three and twentieth of December we came to Custacke, some seuen and twenty leagues from Iasquis, and lyeth Latitude 26. degrees, 40. minutes. Ormus in sight of it bearing West Northwest, by a Meridian Compasse some ten leagues from it. Our Persian Factors ad∣uertised vs that after our Fight the former yeare, the Chiefiaine of the Portugals had erected a * 1.20 [ 20] Castle on Kishme, an Ile in sight of Ormus, the which the Persian had layne siege vnto some seuen or eight moneths, and lost some eight or nine thousand men in siege of it. Wherefore he requi∣red our ayde in these Warres if we would haue our Masters goods from his Countrey, telling vs it was our Enemy as well as his; therefore if wee would haue our Masters goods or Trade * 1.21 with him, we must ayde him, and then we should haue the halfe bootie gotten by the Victorie, also great Priuiledges for the future good of our Masters. On these tearmes we Condiscended and went for Kishme on the nineteenth of Ianuary from Custacke, and the three and twentieth Besieged it by Sea, and the Persian by Land with some of our ayde, so that on the nine & twen∣tieth of Ianuary they came to Parley, and it was Concluded that they should part with Bag and * 1.22 Baggage; prouided, they went not for Ormus, onely their Commander to remaine as pledge. [ 30] There were two of our people flaine at this seruice, the one at the surrender namely Master Baffin, there were some one thousand of all sorts in this Castle, and the Portugals with some Moores were sent away, but the Persian required certaine Moores which had reuoked from him as hee pretended. So those being deliuered him, though he had formerly promised them mercy, yet he put them all to death. This Castle had in it 17. Pieces of Ordnance, one Brasse Cannon Pedro, two Brasse Culuering, 2. Iron Demiculuering, 4. Brasse Sackers, 2. Iron Minion, 6. Iron Falken, therein left to English-men, to hold possession with the Persian in the behalfe of the English part.

On the fourth of February, we all set sayle for Combroon, which is on the mayne of Persia some three leagues within Ormus. Then was sent the Portugall Commander of the aforesaid Castle by Master Beuersam in the Lyon for Surrat, also Master Iohnson in the Rose, Master Dauis in the Ri∣chard, [ 40] these went for Surrat, and the London, Ionas, Whale, Dolphin with two Prizes, each some two hundred and fiftie or neere, these sixe stayed to waft the Persian, for his securer landing on Ormus. On the ninth of February he landed, and with small losse got possession of the Towne, * 1.23 for the Portugals tetired to their Castle, and then the Persian began presently to intrench, and gathered daily nearer the Castle, and with our helpes made Bulwarks for Ordnance, and Scon∣ces for securing his men. With our Ordnance we galled their Ships, forcing them to hale close vnder the Castle, and on the 24. th with foure of our Boats fired one of their Gallions, the second of March sunke another, the 17. th of March there was made a Breach by blowing vp part of the Castle wall, so the Persian sought to enter but repulsed with losse and hurt of most of his best Souldiers. The 19. th one Gallion more sunke, and on the 20. th and 23. th two other Gallions [ 50] sunke. The 27. th the Portugals desired parley, the which they had but no Conclusion, so that the * 1.24 second of Aprill another breach was made by blowing vp the wall neere the first, and the 14. th another Flanker blowne vp. Also the 18. th another breach, on which the Persian made all his Forces to assault, and possest some part of the Castle. Then on the 21. th the Portugals being be∣straited, proffered by Parley to deliuer the Castle to the English, if they would saue their liues, the which was granted & performed, and in the two ships of 250. Tunnes they were shipt some 2400. of them, and some 200. left vntill we had procured shipping for their transport, which was performed. The 22. th being possest of the Castle, there were in it 53. Pieces of Ordnance moun∣ted, * 1.25 4. Brasse Cannon, 6. Brasse Demicannon, 16. Cannon Pedro of Brasse, 9 Brasse whole Culue∣ring, 2. Demiculuering, 3. Iron Demiculuering, 10. brasse Basses, one Iron Minion, 1. whole Cul∣uering [ 60] of Iron, and 1. Iron Cannon Pedro; also there were 92. Brasse pieces of Ordnance more vnmounted, & 7. Brasse Bastels which they had landed out of their ships that we sunke. This Ca∣stle and Ordnance were left with the Persian, onely 10. Pieces of the 92. on the former, we tooke

in our ships to make good what we had broken and spoyled out of our ships in their Seruice. I iudge the Latitude 27. degrees 2. minuts, & Variation 16. deg. 34. min. So the first of September we left the Port, and on the 24. th arriued at Swalle, where we in the London laded, and so did the Ionas & Lyon for England; the time of our stay there was vntill the the 30. th of December, there heard we of the sinking of three Caracks by the English and Dutch of the Port of Mosambique. * 1.26

§ III.

Part of a Letter written to Sir IOHN WOSTENHOLME by T. WILSON Chyrurgion; contayning many particulars of the Ormus warre and cause there∣of; [ 10] as also of the most most admirable taking of a Great Portugal Ship well manned, by a small English Pinnesse.

Right Worshipfull:

MY dutie remembred vnto you Sir, I am glad to heare of your good health and welfare, and shall be heartily glad to see you and all yours, the which I hope will be very shortly. Sir, I am very much bound vnto you, that I know not how I shall make re∣quitall for the same, in that in my absence you haue shewed vnto me that kindnesses for it which as at all other times I haue found you the best friend that I haue in the world, I doe giue you a thousand thankes, and will by Gods helpe make part requitall for the same, and I [ 20] shall be ready at all times to doe any thing for you that in me lyeth, to the vttermost of my power or to any of yours. I would haue writ vnto you concerning our Voyage, but I cannot be so briefe as to send it in a Letter, but I make no doubt but you will heare more of the passages thereof, then I can certifie or at least wise haue heard alreadie, for there were Letters sent out of Persin ouer land to the Company, concerning the taking of Kishme Castle and the Citie of Or∣mus wit•• the Castle, with the spoyling of fiue Ships and one great Galley, one ship burned and the rest sunke, the which I pray God may stand to the good liking of you all, for we had a ter∣rible time in Ormus, hauing pestilentiall Feuers with sodaine deaths, and among the Portugals famine, and that terrible contagious heat that in my dayes I neuer felt the like, and such sents of Dead bodies lying in the streets without heads being vnburned, and Cats & Dogs eating them, [ 30] within O••st end was neuer the like seene, with infinite many Flies, and that the Persians would not let the dead bodies be buried. We had such mortalitie among our men, that we thought we should haue perished, all the ships before mentioned were they which fought with Captaine Shilling, we tooke their principall Commander prisoner, whose name was Ruy Frera with his Viceadmirall. This ••••y Frera did proffer vnto our Captaine that if he would let him goe, hee would giue him a thousand pound, although he had no money of his owne, yet he would pro∣cure it of the Clergie men, the which our Captaine refused, and sent him to Surrat in the Lyon to the President, giuing them strait command of his safe looking to. And when he came to Surrat, he in the Night made his escape with the Ship-boat for want of the better Watch keeping. He was a proper tall Gentleman, swarthie of colour, sterne of Countenance, few of words, and of an [ 40] excellent spirit, he had liued here in India many yeares. Hee got Commission of their King for three seuerall Designes, the first was to haue sufficient Ships and Men with Munition, for the * 1.27 rooting out of the English out of India, the which he made no question to performe, and did be∣gin with Captaine Shillings Fleet: but God bee thanked therein he fayled as it fell out to his great griefe and all our comforts. The second thing that he was to performe, was to erect a Ca∣stle vpon the Iland of Kishme, the which he did: for when we came thither he had scarse furnishe it. Hee brought the frame thereof ready made in his Ships and got it a shore with great resi∣stance, * 1.28 but so many as would not yeeld vnto him, hee put to the Sword, and so many as would serue him he allowed meanes. Now the place where this Castle was to be erected, was about certaine Wels of fresh water the which was for the vse of Ormus, because vpon that Iland there [ 50] was none. Now for the building of this Castle they pulled downe a fine Towne with Churches and Tombes, onely for the Stones, some of which he burned and made Lime, and with the o∣ther he made the Castle wall of a great height and thicknesse, with halfe Moones and Flankers * 1.29 very artificially, which in fiue moneths and a halfe hee had finished: a thing wonderfull in so short a time to be effected, and with a great deepe drie Moat round about. He had erected on the Castle 12. Pieces of great Ordnance, to the great annoyance of the Persian Armie, which had almost beleaguered it round; onely a small passage which they had towards the Sea, on either side of it beset with Pallesadoes for the better going to their Boates and Frigots in safetie, though scarse able without great perill. Hee meant to take the whole Iland of Kishme in their owne hands, being a very fruitfull place, abounding with all manner of Fruits, Beasts, and fresh [ 60] Water, where of the Iland of Ormus hath none. The Portugals when they were first scituated in Ormus, did agree with the King of the Sea-coast vpon the mayne, which was a Kingdome of it selfe, and since hath beene Conquered of the Persiant to pay to the aforesaid King certaine tri∣butes or customes vpon euery head of Cattell, pots of Water and such like, which did yeerely a∣mount

vnto a great summe of money, which the Portugals haue not payed a long time, at least this thirtie yeares: and hauing been demanded it, since the English hath had trade heere in Per∣sia, they haue refused to pay the same. Moreouer they haue gotten into their possession great quantitie of Silke, which they haue refused to pay also. For that reason the Persians would not let the Portugals haue Cattell nor refreshing from the mayne, (for it was Death vnto them that sold them any) which was the reason of building the Castle vpon the Iland of Kishme. Now the Portu∣gals policie thought it was good to haue two strings to his bow, as this was one; the other was this at Muskat, a certaine place which the Portugals haue vpon Arabia. They made a great Feast and inuited the King of Arabia vnto the feast, and violently b••ought him away vnto Ormus, and there made him King of the Iland, and allowed him certaine Customes yeerely for his mainte∣nance. By this meanes they had Cattell and Water sufficient in great quantities, brought thither [ 10] in Arabian Boates, with Fruits, Fish and all other things, which was euery day sold in the Mar∣ket (by report) very plentifully. Likewise the Arabian Boats did fetch them water from Kish∣me, and were conducted with their Gallies and Frigots against the Persians. The King of Ara∣bia was Prisoner in the Castle of Ormus, vnto the Persian. The Portugals in these parts will not let any Commoditie passe to and againe vpon the Seas, vnlesse it be first brought vnto Ormus, and there to be Customed vpon losse thereof being taken by their Gallies or Frigots, whereof they haue heere great store that carrie pieces of Ordnance and other Munition: they trade to and fro in them and so are become Masters of the Seas in these parts. The Customes of Ormus did yeerly amount as I haue heard reported to a hundred thousand pounds, besides Rents and other Duties which they taxed the Inhabitants with. This Towne or Citie of Ormus, was of great big∣nesse, [ 20] the Houses all built of stone, and seemed a most famous thing to looke vpon from the ships with Steeples and Towres: they had faire and large Churches in it, strong & stately Buildings; the Castle of Ormus was the fairest, largest and strongest that euer I saw. Towards the Towne it had three Walls one within another, and well furnished with great Ordnance of Brasse, as Cannon, Demicannon, Cannon-Pedro, whole Culuerings and Basiliskes of 22. foot long.

Now concerning the third thing which was about the fishing for Pearle, he had but little lei∣sure, by reason of these turmoiles (and Warres in building of the Castle of Kishme, and the buil∣ding of a Wall and a Moat about Ormus, which was begun in seuerall places) he had burnt vp all the Boates both of the Persians and Arabians, by the reason they should not fish for Pearle, and burnt all the fishing Townes. Now they that had any Boats were forced to carrie them vp into the Countrey to hide them from the Portugals: but when the Persians were to goe ouer for [ 30] Ormus, the Arabians did voluntary (both they & their Boats to the quantitie of 400. Boats) car∣rie the Persian souldiers ouer to Ormus, against the Portugals, which otherwaies had neuer got o∣uer; for the Arabians could wish all the Portugals throats cut by the reason of their great hinde∣rances in burning of their Boats and Townes, and Slauery which they daily did sustaine.

I will certifie you concerning the wonderfull and strange manuer of the Richards taking a Portugall ship that came from Bumbasse; she was a rich Prize laden with Elephants teeth, Tur∣tle * 1.30 shels in Barrels, with Wax, Sea-horse teeth, and a certaine Gumme, the which I make no doubt but you haue heard already; the chiefe cause of her taking was Iohn Filps, who bad them be of good cheare being but thirteene Men and Boyes, and told them he would dismount their [ 40] Piece presently (which they were a discharging) the which he did. Plying the two Pieces, it was his fortune to kill the chiefe Merchant, who was going to encourage his men to Fight: which the Gunner perceiu••ng, trauerssed another Piece of Ordnance against them: hee was no sooner espied by this Filps, but he made a shot at the Piece but mist it; the shot flew betweene the Gunners legs as he was going to giue fire; hee forthwith threw away his Linstocke like a man distract and full of feare, and told them it was their fortunes to be taken. But the Richard plied still both her Pieces, and comming neerer vnto them, this Filps stept vpon the Forecastle bidding them amaine, which they presently did and lowed all her sayles. So they called vnto them to bring aboord their Master, Merchant, Pilot and Boatswaine; they puld vp their Boat and did it, when they came aboord they were bound and and put into hold. There were two [ 50] Merchants in this Ship, the one killed, and the other was he which came aboord, who confessed that the Elephants teeth which were in her cost 6000. pounds, at the first Penny in Bumbasse, which to be carried from Goa to Cambaia, would yeeld at the least 18000. pounds, besides eight * 1.31 Barrels of Turtle shels, which were the Merchants that was slaine, and that hee had in that ship of his owne 3000. pounds more which was in Wax, Sea-horse teeth, Gumme and Negroes. They sent the Boatswaine for the rest of the Portugals who brought fourteene more, which euery of them brought their Skreetaries and Keyes and presented them to Mr. Dauis, who carefully layd them vp. These 14. Portugals remained in the Boat; they thought them to be all the Portugals.

This Filps or Phillips went aboord with three Men and three Boyes. They had no sooner en∣tred the Ship and veered the Boat a sterne with the Portugals, but the Ship seemed to be full [ 60] of people: there were in all of the Portugals seuentie fiue, of the Negroes, Men, Women and Children ninetie, likewise fortie Chaul men which were their Mariners, which strucke, such an amazement among them being but seuen, that it daunted them much. This Phillips bidding

them be of good courage for hee would lessen their number presently: the which hee in two houres time effected, he placed his men vpon the poope and halfe decke, with their Peeces pru∣ned, and their Matches cockt, if they should resist: that done, hee went with his Sword and disarmed all the Portugals, and caused their weapons to be layd on the poope, which were thir∣ty Muskets ready laden and pruned, forty Rapiers besides Swords and Poniards, sixty Powder * 1.32 pots matched and pruned, forty Pikes and Launces, fifteene great Chambers belonging to eight peeces of Ordnance ready pruned. Then he found great store of Musket shot which he brought vp also, he tooke the Chambers and opened them, and tooke out of euery of them a good quantitie of Powder, and in the roome thereof he put in Musket shot, and tamked them vp againe. This done, he bound them fast to the decke round about him and pruned them, [ 10] and causes three Linslockes to be lighted, and with his small Shot standing by him; which the Portugals seeing, it strucke such amazement among them, that it made them to tremble, not knowing what they did determine. Hee giuing order vnto his small Shot, that if any should resist him, they should let flie as they thought fit: he steps forth into the wast, and called the Boat-swaine vnto him, demanding of him how many of his Countrimen there were in the shippe? Who said there were forty; so hee promised them to stay, if so be they would bee willing, and to doe their best indeauours, that he would aduance their meanes, and their ad∣uentures, rather then to diminish any part thereof: which words greatly reuiued them, and they all said, they were willing. Then presently hee called the Blackes, to hayle vp the Boat, placing two of his men with their Muskets bent to the Boat, that none of the Portugals which [ 20] were therein should enter the ship. Which done, he drew his Sword, and commanded all the Portugals vpon their liues to auoide the shippe immediatly; which they did, and happie was hee which could get into the Boat first; for some lept into the water for feare. Besides those which they tooke into the Boat to them, there were other three which hid themselues in the shippe that they knew not of, being almost starued and durst not come forth in sight for feare.

When we came to Kishme Castle, where out of each shippe was carried Ordnance to batter against the Castle with Powder and Shot fitting, where our Gunners and others went to trie their valorous skill, when they had beene two dayes on shoare at that exercise, Master Baffin being then aboord, promised he would goe ashoare to make a shot or two: this Philips got [ 30] leaue of our Captaine for the like; and seeing their worke of battering, who finding their plat-forme of the one side hollow, resting vpon a Basket within the reuerse of the Peece, which at firing caused the Peece to deliuer contrary, which when hee had perceiued, caused the plat-forme to be new cast; and the plankes layd firme, he loaded the Peece himselfe, and placed it to his best leuell towards a peece of Ordnance vvhich lay on the Castle vvall, vvhich the Portugall vvas euen ready to giue fire vnto, for they vvere at that time a leauelling, he fi∣red his Peece so leauelled, vvhich dismounted their Peece, split the carriage, and killed sixe * 1.33 men, vvhereof the Captaine of the Castle vvas one; vvhich the Persians seeing, gaue a great shout, and happy vvas he that could come to embrace him first, vvhich vvas a great credit to our Captaine, and our English Nation. He made but two shots, by reason there vvas no more [ 40] Shot on shoare. Master Baffin vvent on shoare vvith his Geometricall Instruments, for the taking the height and distance of the Castle vvall, for the better leauelling of his Peece to make * 1.34 his shot: but as he vvas about the same, he receiued a small shot from the Castle into his belly, vvherewith he gaue three leapes, by report, and died immediatly.

When Ormus was besieged, and the Persians had taken the Towne with small resistance, for they fled into the Castle, and we had brought our ships on the other side of the Iland without shot of the Castle, all our English Boats, as Barges and Skiffes did ouer night goe and lie with∣in Musket shot of the Castle with all the Arabian Boats, to keepe that no Frigats of the Portu∣gals * 1.35 should either come in or out, either for the bringing in of Souldiers or reliefe, or the car∣rying away of their treasure. The Arabians one night being very darke, went in close vnder [ 50] the wall of the Castle, and brought out two of the Portugals Frigats; whereof our Captaine gat one, and Captaine Blithe the other; and fitted as followeth, shee had one Sacar of Brasse, one great Brasse peece, which went with Chambers, and would carrie a Demi-culuering shot of stone, one other small Brasse peece, two Iron Bases, and two of the ships Murtherers, thirty Muskets, Powder and Shot munition fitting, with foure and thirty Englishmen, whereof fiue were Trumpetters and one Drumme, where our Captaine placed this Philips Commander, they had fifty Blackes to rowe and trimme their Sailes. Likewise the Londons Frigat was so fitted. The Frigats all the day rode at an anchor without shot of the Castle, but at night they set their watch with a vollie of small Shot, Drumme and Trumpets, which the Portugals might easily heare and see, and as it grew darker, they went neerer the Castle, and the Arabian Boats with [ 60] them. The Portugals at the first made as if they would come forth with the ships, which was but a shew, for we waited the time, but yet they came not. They rode a pretie distance from the wal, but still vnder command of the Castle, thinking we would haue come in to them. With∣in three dayes they got close vnder the wall: then our Commander thought fit, that the first

businesse that was to bee done, was for the destroying of those ships, for feare of any others comming to succour them: wherefore it was promised to our men, that they that would goe in our Barges for the firing of them, should be royally rewarded for their paines. So certaine of them agreed, and got things ready that night with their fire-workes in each Barge, they * 1.36 went and boorded Ruy Frera his ship, & set her on fire which in lesse then a quarter of an houre was all in a light flame. But in the firing of her in our Barge vnfortunatly hauing a quantitie of Powder in me of the Lockers, one of the fireworkes being flung against the ship strucke against some Iron, and rebounded backe againe, and strucke into his body that flung it, and tore out * 1.37 his stomacke that hee died withall, set the Powder in the Locker on fire, and blew one man cleane away, burning sixe others very shrewdly. They attempted the firing of another ship, [ 10] hauing sixe of the Countrie Boats chained together, with Tarre, Occam, Billet of wood, spits, and other trumperie in them for the fire-workes, so to driue them thwart their Halser; they went also with their Barges to cast fire-works into her, and one they cast, but it fell off, being espied by the Portugals. They shot a small shot thorow both the knees of one of the men in the Whales Barge, which is come home here in our ship. The Boats which were chained toge∣ther were set on fire, and the Tide droue them cleane besides the ship.

Now this Philips seeing this enterprise tooke none effect, towards the euening came close vn∣der * 1.38 the Castle with his Frigat (hauing an eye to the Ports of the Castle) and hearing that they had got the Ordnance out of their ships while it was yet day went in resolutely and dischar∣ged his facar, being lowe water and the ships aground, shot one of the ships thorow her Skeg * 1.39 [ 20] or Run, close by the water; the Persians seing the shot strucke against the wall, and when the water flowed her hold filled, the water ebbing againe shee cleane ouerset, and brake all her fasts that shee had on the wall, which were Cables and Hawsers. This ship was the Admirall that came from Goa, called Todos los Santos, shee was of burthen fifteene hundred tunnes, and carried in her forty fiue pieces of Ordnance of Brasse, the least whereof was Demiculuering. This ship was the cause of the rest ouersetting which lie by her with their toppes in the water. Her Vice-admirall was named Nostra Sen••••ra de Uictoria, being of burthen fourteene hundred tunnes with forty peeces of Ordnance. The Vice-admirall vnto Ruy Frera was named Saint Martin, which lieth sunke by her being of the same burthen, and the like force Ruy Frera his Rere-admirall being a Flemming, of burthen foure hundred tunnes, with twenty two peeces of [ 30] Ordnance, named Saint Antonie de cosso: she stands almost vpright, but bulged close vnder the Castle wall. Then Ruy Frera his Admirall, which was fired, lieth three leagues from Ormus at Combrone sunke vnder water; her name was Saint Pedro, being of burthen fourteene hundred * 1.40 tunnes, and forty foure peeces of Ordnance. Shee had Iron peeces in her hold, and a great deale of Shot. There was also a Galley sunke vnder the wall which had three peeces of Ordnance. Ruy Frera his Vice-admirall that was when they fought with Captaine Shilling was broke vp in Ormus, shee proued so leake after the fight, her timbers serued for the building of Kishme Castle, &c.

§. IIII. [ 40]

Relation of the late Ormuz businesse, gathered out of the Iournall of Master EDWARD MONOXE the Agent for the East Indian Merchants trading in Persia.

AT a consultation in Swally Road, the fourteenth of Nouember, 1621. commission was * 1.41 giuen by Master Thomas Rastell President, and the Counsell of the Merchants of Surat, to Richard Blithe, and Iohn Weddell bound for Iasques (a Persian Port) with [ 50] fiue good ships and foure Pinnaces (whereof the London, and Pinnace Shilling vnder Captaine Blithe; the Ionas, Whale, Dolphin, Lion, with their Pinnaces the Rose, Robert, and Ri∣chard, vnder command of Captaine Weddell) to set sayle with the soonest opportunitie towards Port Iasques, and to keepe together in such sort as they should thinke fittest for their defence against the common enemie; and seeing the Portugals had disturbed their trade by the slaugh∣ter, mayming and imprisoning of their men, and had made sundry assaults against their ship∣ping, that therefore it should be lawfull to them to chase and surprize whatsoeuer vessels per∣tayning to the Ports, and Subiects vnder the Vice-roy of Goa, thereof to be accountable, &c. And if they met with any of Decann••e, Dabul, Chaul, or any Port belonging to the Samorin of Calecut, to arrest them vpon account of iust pretences for goods robbed and spoiled &c. with∣out [ 60] imbezelling any part thereof, that full restitution may be made after satisfaction on their parts rendred: A sixt part of goods gotten from the Portugall to be distributed, and their per∣sons to bee reserued prisoners, that in exchange our Countrimen by them miserably captiued may be deliuered: to haste their lading and dispatch at Iasques, if possible within thirty dayes:

and seeing the reinforced Enemie Ruy Frera with his Armada of sixe Galliones and other small Vessels are attending on the Persian coast, in likelihood to assault their Fleet, that therefore it * 1.42 should be lawfull not defensiuely alone, but offensiuely to await all aduantages, euen in their owne Ports if there be apparance of performance approued by generall counsell warrantably to be vndertaken, &c.

In Costack Road, the sixe and twentieth of December, 1621. A consultation was holden a∣boord the Ionas, whereat were present Iohn Weddell, Richard Blithe, Edward Monoxe, William * 1.43 Baffin, and many others. The Can or Duke of Xiras had by his Ministers desired the aide of their Ships against the common Enemie the Portugall. The Articles being translated into the Persian Tongue were dispeeded by Xareeali Gouernour of the Prouince of Mogustan towards [ 10] the said Duke who was then vpon the way towards Mina; the summe whereof followeth.

For so much as by seuerall conferences had with diuers and sundry of the Chan or Duke of * 1.44 Xiras his Ministers and chiefe Commanders in the present warres, we haue well obserued they are fully determined and resolued to require the aide of our ships and people in this intended Expedition for the vanquishing not onely the Portugall Armada, but likewise for the taking and surprizing of the Iland and Castle of Ormuz: and we are very confident they will vse their indeauours to inforce vs vnto the said seruice by imbarging our goods vpon the shoare: which we haue well vnderstood by the Gouernours refusall to furnish vs with Camels to bring our goods from Mina to the Port; Edward Monox late Agent propounded, whether they might vndertake that seruice or no. The proposition being well debated, and the Factors commis∣sion [ 20] from Surat warranting to right themselues of the great losses and hinderances sustained by the Portugall, interrupting their peaceable Trade both in India and Persia, (the last yeeres at∣tempt of Ruy Frera against Captaine Shillings Fleet at Iasques, to the losse of that worthie Com∣mander, and other his Maiesties Subiects, being yet fresh) and for so much as the Persian now seeketh our aide (and in manner foreeth it) it is good to thinke on such conditions as may be for the publike benefit, and not to omit this opportunitie of a peaceable and profitable trade, the same to be sent vnto the Chan in these Articles.

First, In case God shall be pleased to deliuer the Iland and Castle of Ormuz into the hands of the Persian by our aide, the moitie of the spoile and purchase of both to remaine to the Eng∣lish, the other moitie to the Persian. Secondly, The Castle of Ormuz to be deliuered to the pos∣session of the English, with all the Ordnance, Armes and Munition thereto belonging, and the [ 30] Persian to build another for themselues at their owne charges. Thirdly, The Customes to bee equally diuided, the English to bee for euer Custome-free. Fourthly, That all Christian Cap∣tiues should be at the English disposing, the Musselmans at the Persian. Fiftly, The Persian to bee at halfe the ships charge for victuall, wages, weare and teare, and to furnish them at his charge with sufficient Powder and Shot. Diuers other Articles were concluded to be presen∣ted to the Chan; After his comming to Mina, Master Bell, and Master Monox, the eight of Ia∣nuarie were sent to him and entertained with a sumptuous banket: a great feast and triumph was also made for the ioyfull newes of the Kings taking in of a great Countrie in Arabia, and of Aweiza the chiefe Citie of that Countrie.

The next day the Duke sent his Visier accompanied with Sabander Sultan and Xareearee [ 40] * 1.45 with answer to the former Articles: The first was approued: For the second, the Castle should be equally possessed by both till the Kings pleasure were knowne. The third granted, proui∣ded onely, that the Kings and Dukes goods from India should also passe custom-free. To the fourth, they made reseruation of the two principall Captaines Ruy Frera Captaine of Kishme Castle, and Simon de Mela Captaine of the Castle of Ormuz, till the Kings pleasure knowne. Other Articles agreed on, and ordered also that no change of Religion should be admitted on either side; and charges of Powder and Shot to be diuided: The Duke and Master Bell signed, and presently the English goods were laden on the Dukes owne Camels on fire cost, which be∣fore * 1.46 no money could procure.

On the tenth we turned to Costack. We got aboord and acquainted the Commanders with [ 50] the successe of our Iourney, which being diuulged and made known amongst the seuerall ships Companies, it seemes they consulted together with one voice to refuse the businesse; the Lon∣dons * 1.47 companie beginning, fifty or sixty appearing therein, Captaine Blithe taking much paines to suppresse their disorder, and in the end preuayling with them, they promising to goe whither he would. The other ships in a day or two were in like opposition, alleaging it was no mer∣chandizing businesse, nor were they hired for any such exploit, nor could hee tell whether it might not be a breach of the peace (said a fauourer of that Religion) till protests being made against each ships companie, what with feare to lose their wages, and promise of a moneths pay, they at last yeelded.

The nineteenth of Ianuarie we set sayle toward Ormuz, where we arriued the two and twen∣tieth, [ 60] and that night anchored in fight of the Towne, about two leagues from the Castle, in ex∣pectation that the Enemies Armada, consisting of fiue Galeons and some fifteene or twenty Frigats, would haue come forth to fight with vs. But they hailed so neere the Castle that wee

could not come at them. Which we perceiuing, and vnderstanding that our vowed Enemie Ruy Frera was in his new erected Castle of Kishme, the next day wee addressed our selues to∣wards * 1.48 the said Castle, where we arriued in fit time to saue both the liues and reputations of the Portugals, not able long to hold out against the Persian siege, and willing rather to yeeld to vs. The first of February they yeelded both their persons and Castle after many meetings and trea∣ties into our possession. The fourth, we set sayle towards Gombrone, where we were royally * 1.49 feasted by the Duke, who was discontent that Ruy Frera was not deliuered to him, nor some of the Moores, contrarie to my liking, especially for the Moores: the Duke dissembling his dis∣content, in regard of further need of our helpe at Ormuz, and after his feast vesting all the En∣glish present according to their qualitie.

The ninth of Februarie we set sayle towards Ormuz with about two hundred Persian Boats * 1.50 [ 10] great and small with two Frigats in our companie, and in them fiue and twenty hundred or three thousand Persian Souldiers of all sorts, and anchored that night about two leagues from the Castle. The next day before noone the Persians were all landed, and marched in a confu∣sed manner towards the Citie, which they entred as farre as the Mydan or Market place with∣out meeting resistance. Which Market place they found barricadoed against them, and defen∣ded with Shot and Pike of the Portugals. But the Persians soone made way, and the Portugals like so many sheepe tooke their heeles into their Castle. One Persian onely which first entred was slaine with a Pike, and he which slue him lost his head in the Market place, his heeles being * 1.51 too heauy to carrie it away. Some eight or ten more, found scattered in seuerall houses of the Citie, were in the same places executed. [ 20]

The Persian Generall named Einam culibeg at his first entrance into the Citie placed his Cap∣taines and Souldiers in seuerall places of the Citie, and proclaimed vpon paine of death euery man to looke to his quarter, and none to fall on pillaging. Which some infringing were seuere∣ly executed: he hanged some, cut off eares and noses of others, and others he bastonadoed e∣uen for trifles. Yet within two or three dayes after shops and houses were broken open, and euery man wearied with carrying and recarrying spoiles all day, and sleeping so securely at night, that easily the Portugals in a sallie might haue slaine many. The same night we entred, I tooke possession of a very commodious house to settle a factorie there, which for conuenience of roomes I think exceeds any Factorie the Companie hath. But on the thirteenth it proued too hot for me, being set on fire in the night by one of the Masters mates of the Whale with other [ 30] his Consorts after I was in bed, carelesly with Candles romaging for pillage, and firing a roome in which were goods giuen me by the Generall. But the winde fauoured vs, so that the house was not consumed. When I consider the strength of the Citie, and almost of euery house, be∣ing a little Castle, I cannot but maruell that the Portugall would so soone abandon the same. * 1.52 But it seeme•• they feared the Persian would haue intercepted their way to the Castle, or that the Moores their neighbours would haue betrayed them.

The foure and twentieth of February our men by a stratagem of fire burned the Saint Pedro, * 1.53 quondam Admirall of Ruy Freras Fleet, which indangered all the rest, but the Tide carried her off to Sea; and her Reliques by the Arabs and other Countrie Boats were towed on shoare at Gombrone, and some Iron Ordnance and Shot taken out of her burnt Carkasse. At this exploit [ 40] the Duke much reioyced. The seuenteenth of March the Persians hauing placed aboue forty barels of Powder in a Mine which they had made vnder one of the Flankers of the Castle, fired the same, and blew vp the corne•• of the wall making a faire breach, where they gaue a fierce * 1.54 assault till nine at night. But the Portugals made a manfull defence, and with Powder pots, scalding Lead, and other fiery instruments▪ did much hurt to the assailants, burning, scalding, stoning many. Sha Culibeg notwithstanding, with two hundred of his most resolute men get vp into one of the Flankers, which they maintayned at least three houres, but in the end were fired out, the Portugals bestowing Powder pots as liberally as if they had come from Hell mouth. The same day the Citie was set on fire in diuers places, as it was reported, by the Ge∣nerals command, for that the Arabs lurked therein, and could not be gotten forth to doe any [ 50] seruice. Wee lay here foure or fiue thousand men in a barren Iland which yeelds nothing but * 1.55 Salt of it selfe, and I knowe not what policy the Generall had to send away all the Rice, and our prouision for victuall and water wholly to depend on the Continent, so that is a Fleet of Frigats had come, as was expected, they must haue famished in the Iland; the Countrie Boats not daring to aduenture to and from the Maine. The raine water in Cisternes abroad daily wa∣sted * 1.56 and waxed barkish, no care being taken to fill therewith the Iarres and Cisternes whiles it is good, prouided almost in euery house for that purpose. The Persians are ignorant of the art * 1.57 of warre, for they entred without feare or wit and lost with shame what they might haue main∣tayned with honour. Other defects I obserued in the very sinewes of warre, such that I cannot but wonder that one of the wonders of our age Sha Abas should send ouer an Armie so weak∣ly [ 60] prouided of money, armes, munition, ships and all nece〈…〉〈…〉rie furniture. For the first, I thinke the Dukes treasure was consumed in one moneths pay vnto our ships, and I feare we shall stay for the rest till money be made of the spoile. For Armes and Munition they haue no other then * 1.58

small Pieces, Bowes and Arrowes, Swords by their sides, and some of their chiefes haue Coates of Maile: Powder so scarce that after blowing vp the Castle they had scarcely Powder to plie their small Shot to enter the breach, and yet were furnished with twentie or fiue and twentie Barrels from our Ships. They had not one scaling Ladder to helpe their entrance. Sould wee forsake them, they would soone be at a stand, and yet they haue broken Conditions with vs in seuerall things: and yet I feare when all is done, wee shall bee serued with reuersions and what themselues please.

Till the three and twentieth, our Ordnance from the shore so galled the Vice-admirall and Reere-admirall of Ruy Freras Fleet, that they and the Galley are all three sunke close vnder the * 1.59 Castle wall; and the last night the Admirall that came last from Goa, yeelded her broad side to [ 10] the mercy of the water, hauing learned the same of her Consort who the night before shewed her the way, and so all the Portugall Armado are come to ruine: These two last Ships I thinke were voluntarily lost by the Captaines policy, to leaue the Portugals without meanes to escape the more manfully to fight it out. Some thinke they sunke by hurts receiued from sunken Rockes in haling them so neere to the Castle to be out of danger from our Ordnance; and o∣thers, by leakes from our Shot: how euer we saw the destruction of them that were designed instruments for ours; for which great mercy of the most High towards vs most sinfull men, his holy Name be euer praised and magnified.

March the seuen and twentieth, newes was brought me that some of the Portugals were come out of the Castle to treat of Peace, whereupon I made my repaire vnto the Generals Tent to vn∣derstand * 1.60 [ 20] the truth of the businesse where I found our two Commanders sitting, by whose countenance I well perceiued that my comming was not very welcome vnto them. But to re∣quite them before our departure, both they and I perceiued that neither of our being there was acceptable to the Persian. Yet there we sate almost an houre in expectation of the Portugals comming, which was purposely deferred in hope we would haue auoyded, but Night approa∣ching, * 1.61 and the Persian perceiuing we purposed to stay the Messengers comming, at length he was brought in. Who entring rudely without any great complement, deliuered as extraua∣gant a Speech or Message, yet with a kind of forced voyce as though he had been the prologue to some Play. The effect of his Speech was this: His Captaine had sent him to kisse the hands of the Generall, and to know how he did, (this was his Complement) and for what cause hee moued this [ 30] Warre against him, for the Portugals were the Persians friends, and so had beene for many yeeres, and now for so small a matter, onely for a Well or two of Water that so great Warre should bee made, and the * 1.62 antient League and friendship which had beene betwixt their King and the King of Persia, and the peo∣ple of both Nations should bee extinguished. Besides, his Captaine nor the Inhabitants of Ormus, was not to bee blamed for what Ruy Frera had acted at Kishme, yet were they willing so farre as might stand with the Honour of their King to purchase their Peace: which they need not doe either through feare or want, for they had within their Castle one thousand able men, and prouisions both of Victuals and Water to serue them for many moneths. Besides, they expected daily new succours from Goa. And if the Persian did thinke to get the Castle by force, hee would find it a hard matter to accomplish: for they were resolued to Fight it out to the last man. [ 40]

The later part of which speech being onely Portugall brauadoes, was not pleasing to the Per∣sian. Wherefore the Generall willed him to declare the cause of his comming, to which hee an∣swered, his Captaines desire was to know what the Persian would haue. To which the Persian replied he would haue their Castle, and that was it he came for. With which speech the Messen∣ger was dismissed (without so much as being offered a cup of wine, had not I caused one to bee giuen him) but notwithstanding, what is here related, I cannot be perswaded but he came with a more substantial message then he deliuered, which he omitted by reason of our being there, wher∣unto he was formerly instructed by Sha Cullibeg, in whose house hee was at least an houre before he was brought to the Generall. Wherefore I feare some sinister dealing of the Persian, which in fiue dayes will bee discouered: the Portugall dismissed. Our Captaines by their Interpreters mo∣ued [ 50] priuately their priuate businesse to the Generall, to which he gaue no great eare, but in con∣clusion his answer was, they would deferre that businesse till some other time: yet himselfe had written to them in great haste, that day to furnish him from the ships with a quantitie of powder, that night to attempt the blowing vp of the Castle: for their mines were all readie, and they wan∣ted nothing but powder. Which request of his, our Captaines were so forward to consent vnto, that presently they brought on shoare foure and thirtie barrells of powder, for which their for∣wardnesse I feare the companie at home will giue them but little thankes.

The eight and twentieth ditto. I went in companie of the Commanders to the Generals Tent for that wee vnderstood two chiefe men of the Portugals were in Sha Cullibeg his house, where * 1.63 they had beene in conference with the Persian foure or fiu•• houres; vnto which treatie none of [ 60] vs were called, nor by any meanes ••ade acquainted with it, which encreased our suspition of the Persians fraudulent dealing with v〈…〉〈…〉 Wherefore comming vnto the Generall, wee made knowne our dislike of the manner of proceeding, for wee were partakers in this warre with you, wherein wee had hazarded our liues, ships, and Merchants goods: besides the hinderance wee sustaine by

the losse of our Monson▪ and as wee were partakers and associates with them in the vndertaken enterprise, wee ought likewise to be of Counsell with them in all treaties and proceedings, and therefore desired to know what they had done, or what they entented to doe, to which he answe∣red they had done nothing, neither would he so much as drinke a cup of water without acquain∣ting vs therewith; which was a prettie complement where all his actions shewed nothing lesse. * 1.64 But we must bee content to vndergoe all with patience, yet were it not for our Merchants and their goods that are in the countrie, and subiect to whatsoeuer they will impose vpon them, wee could remedie this businesse well enough, and bring the Persian nolens volens vnto another recko∣ning: but we are tied from that, and therefore must of necessitie be subiect to accept the measure they please to lay vpon vs, which I feare will proue vnmeasurable ill: yet they tell vs all things [ 10] shall be to our owne content, but howsoeuer, it is vied and must now be seene. About noone this present day, seeing many pike and shot, all Arabs in the street, which formerly I haue not seene so armed, desiring to know the cause, at length I perceiued they were ranged on both sides the street, called the Mydan or Market place, where shortly after passed two Caualiers of the Portu∣gals, attended with their Pages and Seruants, to the number of sixe or eight, whereof one carried a faire Quintasol ouer the two Caualiers, who were accompanied by Sha Cullabeg and other chiefe men of the Persians, and conducted to the house of Agariza of Dabul: whither though vnsent for, or vninuited, I also addressed my selfe, where vnexpected, I found the Persian Generall ac∣companied with other chiefe men, his Assistants and Counsell, into whose presence I entruded my selfe. The Generall gaue mee a kind welcome, and caused mee to sit downe next vnto him, which I would not refuse, for that the Portugall should see our Nation was in grace and fauour with [ 20] them, where being set, hauing done my dutie to the Persians first, I after saluted the Caualiers which was requited with like complement; with whom I had some discourse of matters nothing pertaining to the present occasion, for that I would not presume to talke of that, till the Persian himselfe did first minister the occasion: which was not before wee had eaten a Persian collation of Pilaw, &c. Which being done, the Generall demanded the Portugals what was their request or * 1.65 desire, to which they answered, the Captaine of the Castle had giuen them instructions in writing but his desire was they should propound the same vnto the Duke himselfe, if they might bee per∣mitted to goe vnto him, who is now at Gombrone. To which the Generall replied, it was more then he durst doe without first acquainting the Duke therewith, by which I well perceiued they [ 30] were onely delayes and distractions on both sides, and to gaine time for effecting their seuerall de∣signes. Then the Portugals proceeded to their vsuall complayning against Ruy Frera, as if Ruy Frera as a priuate man and without order from the King his master had presumed to doe that which he had done, and to excuse themselues, demanded what reason or iustice it was to punish the Father for the Childrens offence: besides the matter in it selfe was small, onely for a Well of water or two, to which the Persian Generall replied againe, let the cause be what it would, they had moued warre against the King of Persia and his Subiects, for which their Castle of Ormus must make satisfaction: wherefore if without more bloudshed they would surrender their Castle and come forth into the Citie, they should finde good quarter and bee well vsed; to which the Portugals made answere, they had no Commission from their Captaine to treat of any such mat∣ter, [ 40] with which they were dismissed. Notwithstanding the deniall was made to the Portugals re∣quest for going to the Chan, yet the same night they had License and were sent vnto him to treat their businesse with his Excellencie. The certaintie of the Treatie I had no meanes to know, yet what I heard reported shall be here inserted. First, their demand was that the Duke would vouch∣safe to withdraw his Siege from their Castle and suffer them to enioy the same as in former times, in consideration whereof they would giue him two hundred thousand Tomans in hand, and also the rent annually they had in former times giuen to the King of Ormus out of the reuenue of the Custome house; which as hath beene reported vnto mee is but one hundred and fortie thousand Rials of eight per annum, but some report, they offer the Chan besides the two hundred thousand Tomans in hand, as much yeerely; and his demand was fiue hundred thousand Tomans in hand [ 50] (which amounteth to 172413. pounds ten shillings seuen pence sterling, or thereabouts) the yeerely rent of two hundred thousand Tomans.

The second of Aprill, the Persian with the ayde of the English did blow vp two other Mines, * 1.66 with which was made a very faire and passable breach, wherein they might haue entred with∣out any great difficultie: but there was no assault giuen thereunto at all. The passage of this businesse being well obserued, Captaine Weddell and my selfe made our repaire to the Persian Generall, to vnderstand his purpose and resolution; who to excuse the backwardnesse of his people in not assaulting the Breach, told vs it was very difficult and not to bee entred; of which we were contented to giue him the hearing, howbeit we were offered the contrarie, for that an English youth who is seruant to the Master of the Ionas, more bold then any Persian, went vp [ 60] the breach to the very top of the Castle wall: who told vs the way was as easie as to goe vp a * 1.67 paire of stayres, and spacious enough for many men to goe vp a brest. Wherefore wee deman∣ded to know his resolution for further proceeding: who told vs within three dayes he would be fitted for another Mine, and I beleeue it well; for his mining is for Gold, not to make brea∣ches

vnlesse it bee breach of promises vnto vs, which he can doe daily; for of late they per∣forme with vs in iust nothing, yet all this cannot warne vs to be circumspect to looke vnto our selues.

The greatest hurt the Portugall did vnto the Persian in assaulting the Castle was with Pow∣der pots, wherewith many were scalded and burnt: for preuention whereof, the Chan hath now sent ouer store of Coates and Iackets made of Leather, which indeed are nothing so subiect to take fire as are their Callico Coats bumbasted with Cotton wooll. But as the English prouerbe is, The burnt Child dreads the fire, for notwithstanding their Leather coates, there was none so hardie to attempt the breach that is now made (albeit much more easier to enter then the last was) further then to pillage certaine balls of Bastas and other stuffes which were fallen downe from the Baricado, the Portugals made for their defence against the Persians shot: in this ad∣uenture * 1.68 [ 10] one lost both his armes taken away with a great shot, by which meanes hee was faine to come backe againe without any Bastas or other Pillage.

The fifth of Aprill, newes was brought to the Generall of 100500. manes powder then arri∣ued from Bahrine. The twelfth ditto came a Portugall vnto the Persian Generall who escaped out * 1.69 of the Castle, and declared the great wants and weake estates the Souldiers were in generall, insomuch that daily did die six, seuen or eight of the Flux, which is chiefely occasioned through drinking their corrupt water. For the small quantitie of water which they haue in their Ce∣sternes, is growne so brackish and salt, that it infects them all with the Flux, and besides the badnesse of it they are put to such strait allowance that many die with thirst. Besides for victu∣all, they haue onely Rice and salt Fish, two very good preparatiues to a Cup of good drinke if [ 20] they had it. Notwithstanding all which the Persian deferres, yea I may say wasteth time in ma∣king new Mines, whereof hee hath no lesse then three in hand at this present, as if he would blow vp all the Castle wall round about before hee will make his entrie. The twelfth at night one of our Frigots namely the Londons, being appointed to her quarter for keeping in of the Portugall Frigots, that none of them should make escape riding single and alone by her selfe, the Portugals perceiuing it, sent off two of her Frigots which clapped her aboord but found her too hot for their handling, and therefore forsooke her; with what hurt to themselues I know not, but of the Londons men were slaine two outright, and seuen more hurt and wounded. And had not their blackes that rowed the Frigot forsaken them, they would haue put hard to haue surprised the surprisers. [ 30]

The fourteenth Ditto, the Persian sprung another of his Mines wherewith a very enterable breach was made but no assault giuen, nor yet shew of entrie made: but the troth is, hee was forced to blow vp the Mine before his time. For the Portugall from within the Castle was come so neere vnto him, that hee was in doubt he would haue defeated the same before he could place his powder. The fifteene Ditto, came another fugitiue from the Castle who confirmed the report of the others who came from thence in like manner before, and with all how the two Frigots which fought with our single Frigot aboue mentioned, came from Muscat wherein was the deeased Don Francisco de Sosa, late Captaine of the Castle his sonne, who came pur∣posely to fetch away his Mother and other women that are in the Castle. Those Moores in the * 1.70 Castle of Kishme who yeelded themselues into our hands vpon the instant request of the Gene∣rall, [ 40] were (partly with their owne consent) deliuered vnto him, whom hee promised should haue pardon for the errour they had fallen into, to serue the Portugals against their owne King and Countrey, and that they should also be prouided for and haue imployment in the then in∣tended expedition for Ormus. Which promise of his both to them and vs in their behalfes, hee * 1.71 seemed to ratefie by vsing some of the principals in our presence and gracing them by other seeming curtesies: notwithstanding all which, the next morning hee cut off eightie of their Heads, and those which he had made so fine in new Vests to the number of fiue or sixe of the principall, he sent them ouer to Coombrone to the Duke, by him to receiue their fatall Sentence. Which was not long deferred, but they were made to drinke of the same Cup their fellowes had formerly drunken of. Meer Senadine who was the chiefe Captaine of them, was executed [ 50] by the hands of Sherie Allie Gouernour of Mogustan, who had married his Daughter, which hee performed vpon his Father in law with as much willingnesse as if he had beene his mor∣tall Enemie.

The seuenteenth Ditto, they sprung another Mine adioyning to the first Mine was sprung, wherein was placed about sixtie Barrels of Powder, which tooke not the effect which was ex∣pected, for it flew out at the side and carried part of the Wall out with it, but strucke nothing at all vp vpward, whereby the first breach was very little bettered, which was the thing the Persi∣an * 1.72 aymed at, yet was it sufficient to giue him encouragement to make his second assault, which was done with at least two thousand Souldiers, who very resolutely ranne vp the breach into a part of a Bulwarke which they might wholly haue possessed that very instant, had they not at [ 60] first made such haste to runne their resolution out of breath; insomuch that onely eight or ten Portugals and a few Negros, made them onely with their Rapiers to giue ground and to retire themselues vnto the very outward skirt of the Bulwarke, where they had not roome for fortie

m•••• to stand in the face of their Enemie, yet there they barracadod themselues. Which before they could effect to their purpose, the Portugall plyed two or three Pieces of Ordnance from one of his Flankers that say open vnto them, in such sort, that they sent some scores of them to carrie newes vnto their Prophet Mortus Ali, that more of his Disciples would shortly be with him. Which accordingly was effected and proceeded chiefely out of their owne ignorance and dastardly Cowardise; for had they not made their stand in that place, but entred pell-mell with the Portugals into the Castle, with the losse of halfe those men they lost that day, they might haue gayned the Victorie, and with much lesse paine vnto themselues, who from that time the Mine was blowne vp (which was about nine of the clocke before Noone) the whole day stood stocking together in the Sunne without either meat or drinke, which was sufficient to [ 10] haue killed halfe of them; notwithstanding the Portugals made very slender resistance. The most that was done was by the Negroes, whom the Portugals did beat forwards to throw pow∣der Pots, with which many of the Persians were pittifully scalded and burnt. Had I not seene it, I should hardly haue beleeued that such had beene the grosse ignorance of the Persian, that hauing two breaches, the one not much inferiour to the other for his entrance, that he would apply all his Souldiers to the assault of the one and none at all to the other. Besides hauing prouided at least eightie or a hundred scaling Ladders, neuer so much as brought one of them neere vnto the Castle walls. But such as their proceedings are, such is also like to be their suc∣cesse. For his Souldiers hang in a cluster vpon the breach iust as a swarme of Bees vpon a tree or bush that want a Hiue; or like a flocke of Sheepe at a gappe, where none is so hardie to en∣ter, and the Portugals to put them out of that paine gleaneth away foure, fiue, sixe, sometimes [ 20] more at a shot; insomuch that I cannot but pittie them to see it.

The eighteenth Ditto, the Persian continued his assault but with more paines to himselfe * 1.73 then hurt vnto the Portugals. The last hight two Captiue Negroes made signes vnto the Persian that they were desirous to come vnto them, so the Persians let downe ropes vnto them and so plucked them vp vnto them, who declared that the Captaine of the Castle had gotten a hurt on his head with a Stone, and how there were not aboue a hundred Souldiers in the Castle able to manage their Armes, their water growne scant and daily worse and worse, which also increa∣sed mortalitie amongst them: how there is likewise difference among themselues, being of dif∣ferent opinions, some holding it best to aduenture their escape by Sea with those Erigots they [ 30] haue, others are contrary minded, and hold it more honour to sell their liues at the dearest rate and defend their Castle so long as they may, and when they can no longer, then to put their Women and Children with all their treasure into a house, and blow them all vp with Gunpow∣der * 1.74 (that the Turkes should neither inioy their wealth nor abuse their Wiues) which done, they would thrust themselues pell-mell with the Persians, and so end their dayes.

The nineteenth Ditto, at Euenbeing the third day the Persian that had lien resting himselfe in the breach, neuer offering to aduance himselfe, did then set forward; whereby he got himselfe better footing and possessed himselfe of all the Bulwarke, and forced the Portugall to forsake the same and retire himselfe further within the Castle: in which conflict many of the Portugals were wounded and scalded with fire Pots, wherein the Persian is now as cunning as themselues, [ 40] though many of them haue payed deare for their learning. In the said conflict were likewise foure Portugals slaine and their heads brought before the Generall to witnesse the same. Where∣in all the Persians are very well seene; for I doe not thinke there is any Hangman in all Germa∣nie * 1.75 that can goe beyond them in that Art; for he no sooner layeth hold on his enemie, but pre∣sently at one blow with his Sword, off goeth his head, and then with his Knife he thrusts a hole either in the Eare or through one of the Cheekes, and so thrusting his finger in at the mouth and out at the hole in the cheeke, brings sometimes two, three, or foure of them before the Ge∣nerall together, in such sort that not a Butcher in East-cheape could doe it better. But if (as commonly it happeneth) that these Heads of their Enemies so taken in the warres be sent to the view of the King or Chan, then are they no lesse cunning to flea off the skinne of the whole, [ 50] head and face and stuffe the same with Straw like a football, and so send them by whole sack∣fuls together. This night one of the Frigots that came from Muscat for the Donna Sosa, made her escape and got away, no doubt very richly fraighted. Her consort was chased in againe, which was likewise going: that which escaped, being haled by the Arab Boates, that lay in wayte to intercept their going, vsed the Watchword vsuall betwixt the English and Arabs, which was onely Ingres Ingresses; which Watchword hath neuer beene changed nor once alte∣red since our first attempting the businesse. Wherin both Persians & English are much to be bla∣med; for by the common vse of that one Watchword, the Portugals haue come to the know∣ledge of it, and haue made good vse of it to their owne benefites, which is their gayne and our losse. [ 60]

The twentieth Ditto at night, the other Frigot aboue mentioned offering to escape, was ta∣ken * 1.76 by the Londons men in her Frigot and Pinnace. She was sent to carry away the Almirante named Luis de Britto, a kinsman of the Viceroy of Goa, whom the Captaine of the Castle would not suffer to depart: wherefore the Portugals which were taken in her, being fearefull of the * 1.77

successe of the Castle, and that it was not able long to hold out, for safetie of their owne liues being seuen persons, held it their best course to aduenture their escape in the said Frigot, and in the night stole her away, and were taken as aboue mentioned. The one and twentieth Ditto, the Persian made preparation and shew, as if at once they would make short worke to possesse themselues of the rest of the Castle; but where we expected to see them put the same in execu∣tion, * 1.78 I perceiued that they and the Portugals were in parley together, wherefore I addressed my selfe to know the cause of so sodaine an alteration; and as I was fitting my selfe to goe vnto the Persian Generall for that purpose, I incountred a Messenger from our English Commanders who sent me word, that a Boat from the Castle was gone with a Flag of truce aboord their Ships, and they desired my company aboord with them to vnderstand what the businesse was; and com∣ming aboord the London, found two Portugals with Letters from the Captaine of the Castle and [ 10] from the Almirante, contayning, viz.

THere hath beene such antient friendship betwixt the Portugals and the English, that considering the Warres which at this present wee haue in this place, wee ought one to vnderstand the other, for it seemeth to me when I see the Mines are made by the Moores, that onely by your ayde Warre is made a∣gainst me, with which one of my Bulwarkes is gotten from me; wherefore your Worships would bee plea∣sed to doe me the fauour to bee a meanes to make Peace betwixt me and those Moores, if the same shall stand with their and your good liking, prouided it bee in that manner, that I lose not my credit, neither your selues leaue to gaine Honour in a Time so fauourable vnto you; Thus not else our Lord keepe you, &c. [ 20]

Symon de Mela Perera.

THis Fort is so beset and oppressed, that the Moores require vs to deliuer the same vp on Composi∣tion, the which wee will not doe by any meanes, for when wee shall bee forced to make Composition wee will call your Worships: for it is not reason we should treate with Moores where you are present. For wee hold it better to deliuer our innocent Women and other vnnecessarie people, to the rigour of our Weapons, then to the clemencie of the Moores, and for that the knowledge hereof should not bee wanting to your Worships, I haue written this besides what accompanieth the same from the Captayne, and for what else you desire to know, you may informe your selues from this Messenger, to whom you may giue the some credit as vnto my owne person, and so God keepe your Worships, &c.

[ 30]

The first of May 1622.

De V. S. Luis de Brito Dareto.

The request of the Portugals contayned in their seuerall Letters on the other side, being had to consideration and commiseration had of them as Christians, it was resolued to giue them a comfortable answer vnto their demands; which in effect was as followeth, but want of time the businesse requiring expedition, would not permit to keepe Copie of the said answers which was first vnto the Captaine Simon de Melles, to giue him notice of the receit of his Letter, and whereas the chiefe point therein was, that we would bee Terceras for them to procure them such conditions of agreement with the Persians, as that might be to the sauing of the liues of so many Christian soules as were with him in the Castle; our answer was, that such had beene [ 40] our care to prouide for them, that it was in our owne power to grant that request, which we * 3.1 were not onely ready to doe, but likewise to shew them any other curtesie, or performe any Christian dutie towards them that might any way tend to their good. Therefore aduised him to set downe his Demands, and send the same vnto vs with as much breuitie as was possible, and to the like purpose and effect was our answer vnto the Almirant his letter, with which the two Messengers were dispeeded in one of our owne Barges, who returned with another Letter both from the Captaine and Almirant, that viz. The necessitie of the businesse so requiring the Com∣manders and my selfe, would not lose so much time to write any other answer vnto the said Letters, least the Persian should take aduantage of the opportunitie, and sodainly presse in vpon them and put them all to the Sword: wherefore we addressed our selues vnto the Persian Ge∣nerall, [ 50] to be suiters vnto him in the distressed Christians behalfe, that hee would hold his pro∣mise with them of a faithfull Truce for two dayes, in which time wee might treate with them of such Conditions as should bee as well behouefull and beneficiall for the Persian as for our selues, and that there might be no more effusion of blood on either side. At length my selfe and a Persian Gentleman with me, was appointed to goe with the Portugals to the Castle, and to treat the businesse with the Captaine of the Castle, &c. And also they desired that our Vice∣admirall (Master Woodcocke) might come along with vs. So with consent of the Generall we went all three of vs to the Castle gate, but were not admitted to goe in. Where wee met with Signior Leuis de Britto the Almirant of the Portugals, accompanied with fiue or sixe Caualiroes [ 60] but did not see the Captaine, for the truth is, the vnder Captaines and Souldiers had muti∣ned * 3.2 against him and detayned him as Prisoner, so that all our Conference was onely with the Almirante, and his speech chiefely addressed vnto Master Woodcocke our Almirant or Vice∣admirall.

Meer Abel Hassan, and Pulot Beg were after sent to the Ship (where some had imbezled some treasure) to request their company & conference from the Chan. Comming on shoare to the English house, they began with a long speech, how kindly the Duke did take the seuerall seruices and helpes we had giuen them in this their warre, and how the same in his part should neither be for∣gotten, nor goe vnrewarded in a larger measure; then either he had promised, or was bound vnto. The next was to make knowne the Chans resolution to proceede both to the inuasion of Sware and Muscat, and therefore that they should not suffer the Portugals to depart vnto any of those places. The third and last part of his speech was most base and very dishonourable, tending to this purpose, that we should betray into their hands, after they were vnder our protection, the Captaine, and fiue or sixe more of the principall of the Portugals, alleadging that it would be much to the Chans honour to haue them to present vnto the Sha Abas; which vilde dishonorable * 3.3 [ 10] motion, when I heard, I absented my selfe, hating my eares for being g••••lty of the hearing of the same; and much more the tongue that could vtter so odious a businesse; and for my farwell, told them, I would not be guiltie of such a thing for the house full of Gold.

The 23. Ditto, the Portugals (whose meere necessity and pittifull estate wherein they were, had forced them to surrender their Castle vpon any conditions, whereby they might haue any hope at all to saue their liues, which stood then in great hazard to be spoiled by the Persians) * 3.4 sent this morning to giue notice vnto vs, they were contented to put themselues into our hands, on condition that we should giue them means to be transported either for Muscat or India, which was promised them and Captaine Blith with my selfe went as hostages into the Castle, to see the setting of them out, and the Persian promised that not one Souldier, or man of his, should enter [ 20] the Castle till they were dispended and sent away, and how that onely three of them and three of vs, or our people should sit at the gate to see that they should carry nothing of valew with * 3.5 them: which on their parts was so neerely seene into, that most basely they searched and abused the very women. But the King of Ormuz together with his rich Vesier, their Treasure, women and seruants were all conueied ouer the wals or breach, and not an English man either called or suffered to see what they carried out with them: and not onely these, but all other Moores and Banyans with their Treasure and best things, conueied forth the same way: yea, whole bales of goods, Chests, and Suppetas, with God knoweth what in them, carried ouer the breaches. And no sooner were the Gates open to passe out the Portugals, but there was [ 30] at least fortie Persians here and there in the Castle, yea and some of the ruder sort of the English also, whose comming in I may iustly feare was cause the Persians came in with them, iudging * 3.6 themselues as worthy of that liberty as our people.

The 24. Ditto before noone, the Persians and English began to pillage in such sort that I was both grieued and ashamed to see it; but could deuise no remedie at all for it: the Persians driuing out the sicke, maimed, and burnt Christians that were not able to helpe themselues, that made * 3.7 ••y very heart to earne in my body to see it; and in the euening, the Chan in person came as it were in triumphing manner to see the Castle, and to view the great Ordnance, whereof there are neere vpon three hundred peeces of Brasse, the most of them Cannon, Demicanon, Culuarin and Demiculuarin, part whereof were Ordnance belonging to the Gallions, the rest belong∣ing * 3.8 vnto the Castle; which purchase if wee can possesse, will be the greatest matter will fall to [ 40] our share. This euening the Commanders and my selfe desiring to remaine in possession of the Church, whither wee had conueied some quantitie of Plate and money, for the better and safer keeping thereof from being imbezelled, our motion was vtterly denied by Pullot Beg, who told the Commanders in plaine tearmes, they might lye without the doores: whereat they grew in choler (as they had iust cause) and so we came all three of vs out of the Castle together: the Captaines went aboord their shippes, and my selfe to the Citie; but the Sea being vp, and want of a Boate staied me at the Castle wals till it was neere midnight: at which time came no lesse then sixtie Persians by their owne report, sent by the Chan to watch that no Arabs should come and conuey away any of the Ordnance that lieth vpon the Sea strand; but I feare if the truth were knowne, their comming was to cut the poore Christians throates, that day at the [ 50] Sea side for want of Boates to carrie them away, if they had not found them to be guarded by the English; or else to see that wee should not conuey away any of the Ordnance aforesaid: our chiefe businesse this day was to see the poore Christians dispeeded out of the Castle, the greatest number of them so weakened with seuerall sorts of maladies, but chiefely with famine, and many so noysome both to themselues and others with their putrified wounds and scaldings with Gunpowder, and so pittifull were their seuerall complaints and cries, that it would haue moued a heart of stone to pittie them; yet such was the dogged nature of the Persians, that they droue them and hunted them out of the Castle like so many dogges, pillaging many of them to the very * 3.9 shirts. The 27. ditto at Euen, we licensed the Portugall to depart to the number of 2500. men, wo∣men, [ 60] and childen, to whom we gaue a passe to free them from molestation, in case they met with any of our ships at Sea: also our two prises the Robert and Shilling to passe them in, with victuals * 3.10 and water necessary to the voyage; and besides these, wee sent away vpwards a hundred persons maimed and sicke, that could not be dispeeded for want of shipping.

The King of Ormus was poore, and liued chiefly vpon his 140000. exhibition from the King of Spaine, and some helpes from the Custome-house in reseruation of some pettie Customes. In romaging there amongst his Papers was found this Letter written by him to the King of Spaine; the translated Copie whereof I here present.

THe Letters which for three yeeres last past I haue written vnto your Maiestie, both by Sea and Land are as yet vnanswered, which I daily expect; for the same doth much import this Kingdome of Ormus and seruice of your Maiestie, vnder whose protection I haue life and meanes thereof. In Iune last, 1620, arriued at this Fort the foure Galleons, of which is Captaine Generall Ruy frere Dan∣drada, who fitted himselfe with all things necessarie to goe and attend the comming of the English Ships [ 10] at Iasques, which accordingly he did of whose successe therin I shall not need to treate in particular, which is done by himselfe by this Post, who is sent at my charge and his; yet thus much I will say, this Gentleman laboured all that was possible to keepe the English from carrying away their silke, wherein hee performed the vttermost of his dutie, like a resolute and valiant Captaine: but by tempest and stormie weather his * 4.1 Ships were more separated then his enemies, by which occasion they had opportunitie to carry away their silke, which cost the life of their chiefe Commander, who was slaine in the fight, in which also died two of our Captaines.

By this occasion, and in the time, the Captaine Generall was incumbred with the English, the King of Persia commanded his Vassalls to send people into Arabia, to bring the same vnder his subiecti∣on, being without any to giue him impediment: Yet before they went I required the Captaine of [ 20] this Fort, also the Veeder Dafazenda, to send some Frigats in fauour of the Arabs (who are your Maiesties Subiects) that might defend them: for without such ayde it was not possible for them to defend themselues: and for this effect came thither certain Xegues to demand succour, which was not granted them; but the most the Captaine did, was to enioyne mee to send a kinsman of the Queene my wife, whom presently I sent, spending therein more then I was able or had to spare: yet his going was to no effect for want of Frigats, which onely might hinder the Boates wherein the Persi∣ans passed ouer, for which cause this day the King of Persia is become Lord of Arabia; and * 4.2 I also feare that verie shortly hee will come against this Fort, because of all this Kingdome no more is left mee, saue onely this Iland of Salt without water to drinke: for all things pertaining to the sustenance of mans life, come from such places as the King of Persia possesseth. The losse and o∣uerthrow [ 30] of this Kingdome of Ormus proceedeth altogether from the Captaines your Maie∣stie placeth therein, who for their particular interest, are content to dissemble and consent that the Kingdome bee taken, without cost of bloud, or labour vnto the King of Persia his Ministers, and this * 4.3 is so apparent that I need not write thereof, but that which I will speake with truth is, if that your Ma∣iestie bee pleased, that this Kingdome and Fort shall enioy either peace or meanes to subsist, you must send such Captaines as are no Merchants, because the Mariners which might serue in your Maie∣sties Nauie to keepe this streit, are all imployed in the Captaines Ships and Frigats, which hee onely im∣ployeth in Trade of Merchandise, in which Ships serue likewise the Souldiers of the Fort, insomuch that many times it is left with very few. But so long as this continueth, there shall euer bee wanting both Mariners and Souldiers to your Nauy, to defend and keepe this Iland from the power of the King [ 40] of Persia, which at this day hath more then a thousand Boates, and is commander of this streit more then is your Maiestie, and all by the faule of those Captaines, which for twentie or fiue and twentie yeeres past haue serued in this place. Those in former times contented themselues with the gaine of fortie or 50000. Cruzados for their three yeeres seruice, but now they are not contented with 200000. Likewise in former times they had onely two Shippes when most, but now they haue foure and as many Frigats, and there is nothing wanting vnto them; but it seemeth not iust, that to satisfie the couetousnesse of one, who aymeth at nothing but his owne profit, the weale publike should perish, and that euery one should haue but little that onely one may liue to inioy much. From hence is growne and groweth all the euills of this Kingdome, proceeding from such Ministers as are placed by your Maiestie, granting vnto them the command, which heretofore the Kings my predecessours euer held. But [ 50] I am now brought so low, and such as are vnder mee, that we remaine altogether vnable to repaire the ne∣cessities that are daily offered, as appeareth by this of Arabia; by which your Maiestie will bee forced to make warre, and continuall warre by Sea against this enemy, for that by Land you haue no power to con∣quer him, who is not contented with the taking away the firme Land of this Kingdome altogether, with the Iles of Barem and Kishme, but further, in confidence of his great number of Boats, hauing none to re∣sist him, hath taken from vs Arabia, which was the onely remedie of this Iland. Of the truth of what hath herein beene spoken, your Maiesties Ambassador Don Garcia de Sylua (God sending him well to your Maiestie) shall be a good witnesse, to whose report I referre mee, and to all others which goe from * 4.4 hence; God keepe your Maiesty.

Ormus the twelfth of February, 1621.

Mamede Xá Rey de Ormus. [ 60]

To this Letter, I haue added the translated Copies of diuers other Letters, for the Readers full more satisfaction.

The Vice Admirall his second Letter.

ILlustriss. S^rs I kisse the hands of your S^s. for writing vnto mee; and beleeue mee I esteeme * 4.5 the same as becommeth a Gentleman, whom aduerse fortune in the warres hath no whit dis∣animated. The Captaine hath writ vnto you, and all the Portugalls recommend themselues, and doe de∣sire you, and I for them, that you well deale with them as Christians, and the Nation who so many times haue ioyned in Armes with them against the Moores. Tomorrow shall you see in what manner they desire to bee deale with all, God keepe you with all the rest of your company, &c.

Primo May 1622.

De V. S. Luis de Brito Bareto. [ 10]

A Certificate made by sundry Portugalls, how the Treasure, Iewells, &c. belon∣ging to the King and his Vizeer of Ormus, which were secretly con∣ueyed out of the Castle of Ormus by the Persians.

VVE whose names are hereunder writtē, do certifie our knowledge how that Byram Aga with other Turkes, by the commandement of their superior, went vnto the house of the Goasil, within the Fort to watch the goods that there remained; also the money and riches which was therein at the time when the Fort was deliuered vp vnto the English. And the same night many other Turkes by the Tren∣ches [ 20] of the Bulwarke, named Saint Iago, vnseene of the English, by the breach in the Cisterne adioyning to the said Trench, and also through the said Trenches conueyed much riches belonging to the said Go••••l, and King of Ormus, and also of their women and kinsfolkes. In witnesse of the truth wee haue hereun∣der written our names:

Ormus the twentie fiue of May. 1622.

• Balthisar Carborius.
• Vtte Vallente.
• Franco Gomes.
• Saluador de Campos.
• Iodo. Vallente.
• Batta Iaus, &c.

A Certificate from the Portugalls, of their kind vsage, wherein was [ 30] performed more then was promised them.

VVEe all, whose names are here vnder written and mentioned, Housholders and Souldiers, In∣habitants of Ormus. Viz. Pe. visente Serentino rig. & Saluador de Campo, pro∣uider of the holy House, and Balthesar Francisco, chiefe Physician, and Don Antonio dasilua sol∣dado, and Visente Vallente, and Antonio Autunes, and Gaspar Soares, and Francisco Gomes, and Iacamo Artiquo, and Baltasar Borges, with others doe witnesse, how it is true the English Captaines haue performed their promise made vpon yeelding vp of the Castle, by giuing two of their owne ships or pin∣nasses to carry away all the people whither they would goe, also by defending them, that at no time nei∣ther Moore nor Infidell should doe them any hurt: and forasmuch as the said Pinnasses could not con∣taine [ 40] all the people, the same being dispeeded, they procured and did what soeuer from them might be ex∣pected to accommodate the sending away in safetie of such as remained, to which end and purpose they requested Boats and Mariners, from the Persians, but the Moores, as enemies to all Christians, refused to giue either Mariners or other helpe: Whereupon the English Captaines resolued, without being there∣to any way oblieged, to send one of their owne Fragats, with three small Boats with thirty or forty English∣men well armed for our safety and defence, vntill we should bee safely landed in some secure place; yea by the grace of God in Musquate it selfe without any impeachment or Embargo by the Turkes, and more they haue giuen hospitality to our sicke and wounded, which are neere about two hundred at the least, whom they haue sustained and cured with as great care and diligence, as if they had beene their owne brothers, without being therunto bound nor comprehended in the agreement. Also those, which at this present remain sicke, and not in case to bee sent away, being to the number of thirty or forty, they haue taken vpon their [ 50] charge, both to feed and also to cure, till such time as we can send Boats for them, and others of the Country which remaine here, the Boats not being able to carry any more. And as the said English Captaines haue done more for vs then they promised and giuen vs more then wee could expect, we remaine oblieged to answere their fauours and friendship aforesaid: whereupon wee doe promise and bind our selues that are here present, to intreat with much faithfulnesse, loue, and amitie those English which for our good and safe∣tie doe goe in our company, that none shall doe them euill or offence, neither in their goods, nor yet in their returne, that they may safely and freely both passe and returne with their said Vessells, who are not tied to stay longer for the Boats wee are to send for our said people, that here remaine then three dayes naturall. In witnesse of the truth, the aboue named with others haue ioyntly subscribed their names, May [ 60] the twenty fiue, 1622.

A Letter written from Ruy frera dandrada, and sent aboord the Ionas, by one of his Captaines, named ALFONSO BORGEA, at our first arriuall neere the Castle of Keshme.

COurtesie is the daughter of Nobilitie, as euer it hath beene found in the English 〈◊〉〈◊〉, from which I inf••••r•• that in these occasions may be drawne the same example, whereby in Europe may bee made publike your valours, and vnto his Maiestie may bee presented the great seruice vnto him is done: that from the estimation thereof may arise to bee made a good peace and conformitie, which wee will all write into India to that effect, as ministers of the same, if it shall seeme good vnto you. Therefore [ 10] wee request you not to moue warre in fauour of the King of Persia, thereby to diminish the glory of your Nation, with which so many times they haue helped vs against the Moores, whereby wee gained Lisbone in the dayes of King Don Antonio the first, and afterwards King Don second, was aided by the Duke of Lancaster in the action of Castile: but if these obligations are small on your part, and that ours now may bee made greater, in which wee will remaine, if you will but suffer vs to prosecute our warre against the Persian, without your valorous spirits hindering what wee are able to sustaine, and thereby impeach the commerce in Spaine to the hindrance of both Nations, and to the damage both of Shippes and Mer∣chants of which I doubt not, when his Maiesty shall bee aduised in what manner the English doe carry themselues, so that wee may reserue our dissentions for other voyàges, in which by valorous contending may bee satisfied, those wrongs that cannot well bee remembred in such times as these are, and for that [ 20] the same may with due interest and conformitie of both Nations English and Portugalls, I returne to put you in remembrance of the aboue written, which ought to be discoursed with good vnderstanding, as a matter in which your Worships may amplifie and aduance the generositie of your Nation, and retaine vs as friends vnto your affaires giuing vs motiue to procure in acknowledgement of this benefit all peace and quietnesse, and if you shall disesteeme the same, the first wee hope for is no more then to prouide our selues to die, defending that with Armes, we haue gotten by Armes, &c. .

the first of February, 11. 1622

Ruy Frera Dandrade.

Another Certificate of the kind vsage of the Portugalls. [ 30]

VVE the Captames, Souldiers, and Inhabitants of the Castle of Ormus, now in the possession of the English doe say and affirme for truth, that they the said English haue performed all what was promised by them, and more in giuing vs shipping of their owne to transport vs for India with victu∣alls and all things else necessary, and deliuered vs from the hands of the Turkes who sought our destructi∣on, and also suffered vs freely to passe out of the Castle with our apparell and bedding, and needfull money in our pockets. And commanded our sicke and may••••d people to be cured by their owne Surgeons, sending them daily food in great abundance, and would not suffer any of the Moores to hurt them in any case. In witnesse of the truth wee haue here vnder written our names:

[ 40]

Ormus the seuenth of May, 1622.

• Ioan de Mello.
• Costodio Pimentel.
• M. de Samperas
• Symao de Mello.

A third Certificate.

LEt it bee graunted, that the warres and offences receiued therein prouoke a man to reuenge, notwith∣standing wee cannot deny vnto your Worships, and vnto all the rest of your Company, how much we are indebted for the good intreatie shewed vnto these which yeelded themselues vnto you: and it shall for euer [ 50] liue in our memories those benefits, for which when time and fortune shall minister occasion, wee will inde∣uour to shew our selues gratefull with other, no lesse tokens of loue due vnto a Nation, which euer haue been so affectionated towards vs: and euill be to him that hath caused discord betwixt vs, for it euidently ap∣peareth how greatly the English and Portugall Nations doe loue together, and it doth well appeare wee doe all of vs adore one onely God, for notwithstanding the warre, you doe vse so many principles by the which it is not greatly to bee maruelled at, that in you there are such good workes, and in vs such a thanke∣fulnesse as may bee eternall, with a great desire that all discord may cease, and that wee may returne to the antient amitie in which I hope, and in the noble word and qualitie of your person and persons, and for that I will not bee further troublesome vnto your Worships, both in curing and sustaining those poore people that are with you, I haue sent these foure Boates to fetch them away; and if it shall seeme good to your [ 60] Worships, and the rest with you, to continue your former courtesies vnto the end, in performing the word of Conquerours and Christians, as formerly you haue done, now at this present to giue them a guard, that they may come safe from the Moores; for that like yeelded people they haue neither Armour to defend themselues, nor yet strength to vse them, if you like noble Conquerours giue them not conuoy; in

whose word I am confident: Thus as your seruant in what your Worships wil command mee, I rest.

Soar 27. of Iuly, 1622.

Amaro Roiz.

Powlet Beg the chiefe Commissioner, when the English exspected to haue receiued 1200. To∣manes pay, hee made them more in his debt, the fruit of some Mariners priuate discourse and im∣bezelling. * 5.1 The English returned demaunds of a greater summe due from the Persian in like case. At last three moneths pay was allowed, and they shifted off from their other demands, hee for∣sooth, hauing no power thereto without the Cans Order. It is said, that the Portugalls not onely kept the King bare, but tooke bribes of his substitutes in other Prouinces, to protect them from their lawfull King, whereby he was vsed more like a Portugall Slaue then an Arab King. [ 10]

After our businesse ended, our misery began, occasioned by the vnsufferable heat, and partly by the disorders of our owne people in drinking Rack, and vsing other exercises no lesse hurtfull: whereby grew such a mortalitie, that three fourths of our men were dangerously sicke, and many died so suddenly, that they feared the plague, whereof yet no tokens appeared. This extremitie lasted but fourteene daies, in which time sixe or seuen died euery day. After which it pleased God to stay it, and the rest recouered.

This Persian businesse hath inuited, and almost enforced mee to remember our noble Persian-English Sherlies, especially the present honourable Embassadour Sir Robert Sherly, Count and Knight of the Empire, and therein aduanced to many priuiledges: of whom so much hath before beene occasionally reci∣ted. I much desired to haue obtained some Relations from his Lordship: but hauing late acquaintance, and [ 20] hee much and weightie businesse, which hee hath beene forced to attend farre from the Citie, I rather thought fit to insert what by his humanitie and conference, I learned onely at one dinner with him (not knowing that I would publish what I then receiued) then not to imbellish these discourses, with so Illustrious an English Trauellers Name and Memory.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Aman.
• * 1.2

  Calciat••▪
• * 1.3

  Iasques.
• * 1.4

  Harmnz▪ Magostan: Braami. Costeca.
• * 1.5

  First Ormuz built in Costec••▪
• * 1.6

  Custome of succession. Genealogies.
• * 1.7

  The Goazill.
• * 1.8

  Cays.
• * 1.9

  Crema•• or Cherman.
• * 1.10

  L. Quexome, or Kishme.
• * 1.11

  I. Ormus before called Iarum, described.
• * 1.12

  A place and fruit so called.
• * 1.13

  Why Iarum was called Or∣muz.
• * 1.14

  C••ys.
• * 1.15

  The Author here relateth the wars be∣twixt the King of Xiras, in behalfe of Cays against Ormuz; which I haue omitted. Iland Baren.
• * 1.16

  Pachaturunxa King & author.
• * 1.17

  Obseruations of the Domini∣can Translator Riches of Or∣mus. The World a ring, and Or∣mus the ge〈…〉〈…〉. Custome house a siluer chanel.
• * 1.18

  M. Pinder had bin before in East Indies, with those ships which the Cópany there tooke. He was now in this Persian busines (as I remem∣ber) Master of the London. This I promise as a Preface to the larger Or∣musian Relati∣ons following.
• * 1.19

  Fight with the Portugalls.
• * 1.20

  Kishme Castle.
• * 1.21

  English forced to helpe the Persian.
• * 1.22

  Kishme yeel∣ded. Master Baffin slaine: a Ma∣thematician and Matiner, to whom our Northerne & Northwestern Voyages are muchindebted
• * 1.23

  Ormus besie∣ged.
• * 1.24

  1612.
• * 1.25

  Ordnance in the Castle.
• * 1.26

  1622.
• * 1.27

  Three-fold Commission.
• * 1.28

  Kishme Castle described, oc∣casion of the warre.
• * 1.29

  Natiues cause of Indignation
• * 1.30

  Great Ship ta∣ken by a small small Pinnesse, hauing but two Pieces. Filps or Philips chiefe cause of her taking.
• * 1.31

  How great, how little is the heart of Man? moued onely as the shadow of the Diuine hand, which fils one, empties ano∣ther of cou∣rage, as it plea∣seth him.
• * 1.32

  The 40. Chaul Mariners freed to helpe the English.
• * 1.33

  Another act of Philips.
• * 1.34

  Bassins death.
• * 1.35

  Frigats how furnished.
• * 1.36

  Ship fired.
• * 1.37

  Disastrous ac∣cident.
• * 1.38

  Another ex∣ploit of Philips.
• * 1.39

  Skeg is the slanting part of the keele a little without the stern-post. Run is that part of the hull vnder wa∣ter which by degrees ••om•• from the sloor∣timbers to the stern-post.
• * 1.40

  The rest and all the land∣seruice you haue in a more complete Iour∣nall following.
• * 1.41

  First Consulta∣tion.
• * 1.42

  Ruy Frera the Portugall Ad∣mitall.
• * 1.43

  Second consul∣tation.
• * 1.44

  Causesmouing the English in those parts and Ports to assist the Persian: first a secret force from the Persian, detay∣ning the English goods on shore and not allow∣ing carriages as before; which also would haue broken out to an open im∣barging with danger likely to their per∣sons, goods and libertie. Secondly the open & often force and ho∣stilitie (where∣of the former Voyages testi∣fie) from the Partugall. They made a vertue of ne∣cessitie. Articles.
• * 1.45

  Persian victorie in Arabia.
• * 1.46

  Note.
• * 1.47

  Opposition.
• * 1.48

  Kishme Castle yeelded.
• * 1.49

  Gombrone.
• * 1.50

  Ormuz besie∣ged.
• * 1.51

  The Citie for∣saken.
• * 1.52

  Strength of Ormuz.
• * 1.53

  Port. Admirall burned.
• * 1.54

  Breach and assault.
• * 1.55

  Barrennesse of Ormuz.
• * 1.56

  Water.
• * 1.57

  Persians igno∣rant of milita∣rie arts.
• * 1.58

  Armes.
• * 1.59

  Portugals ships sunke.
• * 1.60

  Portugall Trea∣tie.
• * 1.61

  Persian doub∣ting.
• * 1.62

  Cause of the Warre, Portu∣gals intrusion on the Persian, by Ruy Frera at Kishme, &c.
• * 1.63

  Another trea∣tie.
• * 1.64

  Note: the English enfor∣ced by present occasions to engage them∣selues in this warre.
• * 1.65

  Third treatie.
• * 1.66

  New breach▪
• * 1.67

  Bold Boy.
• * 1.68

  Pitifull pillage
• * 1.69

  Persian powder Portugals wants, and mi∣series. Fluxe how caused.
• * 1.70

  Moores at last deliuered ac∣cording to co∣uenant.
• * 1.71

  Persian perfidie
• * 1.72

  Second assault.
• * 1.73

  Portugals poore estate.
• * 1.74

  Desperate Counsels.
• * 1.75

  Quanto doctior tanto nequior. Yet this is the Persians praise that they are good Sword∣men, the Turks fearing to come to hand∣blowes with them. Frigot esca∣peth.
• * 1.76

  One Watch∣word no Watchward.
• * 1.77

  Frigot taken.
• * 1.78

  Parley.
• * 3.1

  English Cle∣mencie to the Portugals.
• * 3.2

  〈◊〉〈◊〉 in the Castle.
• * 3.3

  Perfidy and honesty.
• * 3.4

  Portugals in Ormuz yeeld to the English.
• * 3.5

  Persians partia∣litie.
• * 3.6

  Rascall rude∣nesse.
• * 3.7

  Pittifull pilla∣ging.
• * 3.8

  Good Ord∣nance in the Castle.
• * 3.9

  Persian inhu∣manity.
• * 3.10

  2600 persons sent away by the English.
• * 4.1

  An excuse fra∣med in behalfe of the Captain. You haue the story sup. l. 5. The storme was within their fearefull hearts.
• * 4.2

  Ormus, an Iland of Salt with∣out water.
• * 4.3

  Ill Captaines.
• * 4.4

  Kishme, or Qu••xome.
• * 4.5

  English kind∣nesses acknow∣ledged; which vpbraideth the Portugalls vn∣gratitude cause of this warre.
• * 5.1

  I haue heard that the English had for this seruice of the King of Persia 20000, pounds.