Purchas his pilgrimes. part 3 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

§ V. Of the Portugall commerce with the Chinois; of the seuere Iustice executed vpon certaine Magistrates, for wrongs done to the Portugals.

BEcause we spake many times before of Portugals, captiues in China, it will bee a conue∣nient thing that the causes of their Captiuitie be knowne, where many notable things will be shewed. Yee are to know, that from the yeere 1554. hitherto, the businesses in China are done very quietly and without danger: and since that time till this day, there hath not one ship beene lost but by some mischance: hauing lost in times past many. Be∣cause as the Portugals and the Chinaes were almost at warres, when the Armies came vpon them, [ 10] they weighed anchor and put for the Sea, and lay in places vnsheltered from tempests, whereby the stormes comming, many were lost vpon the coast, or vpon some shelues. But from the yeere 1554. hitherto, Lionell of Sosa, borne in Algarue, being chiefe Captaine, and married in Chaull, made a couenant with the Chinaes that they would pay their duties, and that they should suf∣fer them to doe their businesses in their Ports. And since that time they doe them in Cantan, which is the first part of China: and thither the Chinaes doe resort with their Silkes and Muske, which are the principall goods the Portugals doe buy in China. There they haue sure Hauens, where they are quiet without danger, or any one disquieting them, and so the Chinaes doe now make their merchandise well: and now both great and small are glad with the trafficke of the Portugals, and the fame of them runneth through all China. Whereby some of the principall [ 20] of the Court came to Cantan onely to see them hauing heard the fame of them. Before the time aforesaid, and after the rising which Fernando Perez of Andrade did cause, the businesses were done with great trouble, they suffered not a Portugall in the Countrey, and for great hatred and loathing called them Facui, that is to say, Men of the Deuill.

* 1.1Now they hold not commerce with them vnder the name of Portugals, neither went this name to the Court when they agreed to pay customes: but vnder the name of Fangin, which is to say, People of another Coast. Note also, that the law in China is that no man of China doe sayle out of the Realme in paine of death. Onely it is lawfull for him to sayle along the coast of the same China. And yet along the coast, nor from one place to another in China it selfe it is lawfull to goe without a certificate of the Louthias of the Countrey whence they depart: in [ 30] which is set downe, whither they goe, and wherefore, and the markes of his person, and his age.* 1.2 If he carrieth not this certificate he is banished to the Frontiers. The Merchant that car∣rieth goods carrieth a certificate of the goods hee carrieth, and how hee payed duties for them. In euery Custome-house that is in euery Prouince hee payeth certaine duties, and not paying them he loseth the goods, and is banished to the frontier parts. Notwithstanding the abouesaid lawes some Chinaes doe not leaue going out of China to trafficke,* 1.3 but these neuer returne againe to China. Of these some liue in Mallaca, others in Siam, others in Patane, and so in diuers pla∣ces of the South some of these that goe out without licence are scattered. Whereby some of these which liue already out of China doe returne againe in their ships vnto China, vnder the pro∣tection of some Portugall: and when they are to dispatch the duties of their ships they take [ 40] some Portugall their friend to whom they giue some bribe, that he may dispatch it in his name and pay the duties. Some Chinaes desiring to get their liuing, doe goe very secretly in these ships of the Chinaes to trafficke abroad, and returne very secretly, that it bee not knowne, no not to his kindred, that it bee not spread abroad, and they incurre the penalty that the like doe incurre. This law was made because the King of China found that the much communication of the strangers might be the cause of some risings. And because many Chinaes with an excuse of sayling abroad became theeues and robbed the Countries along the Sea coast, and yet for all this diligence there are many Chinaes robbers along the Sea coast.

These Chinaes that liue out of China, and doe goe thither with the Portugals, since the offence [ 50] of Fernando Perez of Andrada did direct the Portugals to begin to goe to traffick to Liampo;* 1.4 for in those parts are no walled Cities nor Villages,* 1.5 but many and great Townes along the coast, of poore people, which were very glad of the Portugals, and sold them their prouision whereof they made their gayne. In these Townes were these Merchants of China which came with the Portugals, and because they were acquainted, for their sake the Portugals were better enter∣tayned. And as these Chinaes which were among the Portugals and the Countrey Mer∣chants in their buyings and sellings, they reaped a great profit thereby. The inferiour Louthias of the Sea coast receiued also great profit of this trafficke, for they receiued great bribes of the one and of the other, to giue them leaue to trafficke, to carrie and recarrie their goods. So that this trafficke was among them a long while concealed from the King, and from the superi∣our [ 60] Louthias of the Prouince. After these matters had for some space beene done secretly in Liampoo,* 1.6 the Portugals went by little and little forward, and began to goe and make their mer∣chandise to Chincheo,* 1.7 and to the Ilands of Cantan. And other Louthias permitted them already in euery place for the bribes sake, whereby some Portugals came to trafficke beyond Namqui,

which is very farre from Cantan, without the King being witting, or hauing knowledge of this trafficke. The matters fell out in such sort, that the Portugals wintered in the Ilands of Liampoo.

Some Chinaes that were among the Portugals, and some Portugals with them,* 1.8 came to disor∣der themselues in such manner that they made great stealths and robberies and killed some of the people. These euils encreased so much that the clamour of the iniured was so great, that it came not onely to the superiour Louthias of the Prouince, but also to the King. Who commanded presently to make a very great Armada in the Prouince of Fuquen, to driue the theeues from all the coast, especially those that were about Liampoo, and all the Merchants as well Portugals as Chinaes were reputed in this number of theeues. Being ready they went forth along the coast [ 10] of the Sea. And because the windes serued them not for to goe for Liampoo, they went to the coast of Chincheo, where finding some sh••p•• of Portugals, they began to fight with them, and in no wise did they permit any wares to come to the Portugals; who stayed many dayes there (fighting sometimes) to see if they could haue any remedie for to dispatch their businesses. But seeing they had no remedy, they determined to goe without it. The Captaynes of the Armie knowing this, sent a message to them very secretly by night, that if they would that any goods should come to them, that they should send them something. The Portugals very glad with this message, prepared a great and sumptuous present,* 1.9 and sent it them by night because they were so aduised. From thence-forward came many goods vnto them, the Louthias making as though they tooke no heed thereof, dissembling with the Merchants. And so were the businesses ended [ 20] that yeere, which was the yeere 1548.

The yeare following, which was 1549. there was a straighter watch vpon the Coast by the Captaynes of the Armada, and greater vigilancie in the Ports and entrances of China, in such sort that neyther goods nor victuals came to the Portugals: but for all the vigilancie and wat∣ching there was, (as the Ilands along the Coast are many, for they all runne in a rew along the China) the Armies could not haue so much vigilancie, that some wares were not brought se∣cretly to the Portugals. But they were not so many that they could make vp the ships ladings, and the vttering those goods which they had brought to China. Wherefore leauing the goods which they had not vttered in two ships of China, of such Chinaes as were alreadie dismem∣bred from China, and Traffique abroad vnder the shadow of the Portugals, (in the which they [ 30] left thirtie Portugals in charge with the ships and with the goods) that they might defend the ships, and in some Port of China where best they could they should sell the goods that remay∣ned in change for some Wares of China, and hauing ordayned this they departed for India.

As the people of the Armie of the Chinaes saw the two ships remayne alone, the other ships being gone, they came vpon them, being induced by some Merchants of the Countrey, which discouered to them the great store of goods that remayned in those Vessels, and the few Portu∣gals that remayned to keepe them. Then they layd an ambush for them, dressing some Chinaes ashoare, which being in armes made as though they would set vpon the ships to fight with them, because they were close to the Land, that the Portugals being prouoked, should come out of the ships to fight with them, & so the ships might remaine without defence to them of the Armada, [ 40] which lay watching in an ambush, & did accordingly set vpon the two Vessels with great furie & celeritie, and slaying some Portugals that were in the ships, and wounding others they tooke the ships. The chiefe Captayn which is the Luthissi, remayned so glorious, that he vsed great crueltie on some Chinaes that hee tooke with the Portugals.* 1.10 Hee laboured to perswade foure Portugals which had more apparance in their persons then the rest, that they should say, they were Kings of Malaca, he perswaded them in the end, because hee promised to vse them better then the rest, and therewith he prouoked them. And finding among the cloathes that hee tooke a Gowne and a Cap, and asking of one of those Chinaes, that were taken with the Portugals what habit that was, they put in his head, that it was the habit of the Kings of Malaca,* 1.11 wherefore he com∣manded presently to make three Gownes by that patterne, and three Caps, and so he apparelled [ 50] them all foure in one sort, to make his fayning true, and his victory more glorious. To this was joyned the couetousnesse of the Luthissi to see if hee could detayne the many goods that hee had taken in ships.

And to doe this more safely, not to be taken in a lye, he did great executions vpon the Chi∣naes which he tooke with the Portugals, and killing some of them determined to kill the rest. These things comming to the eares of the Aitao, which was his superior, he disliked greatly that which hee had done, and sent to him presently that hee should kill no more of those which re∣mayned, but that he should come to him presently bringing with him all the prize as well of the men that were yet aliue, as of the goods. The Luthissi ordering his Iourney for to goe to the Ai∣tao, as he was commanded, he commanded foure Chaires to be giuen to them, to whom hee had [ 60] giuen title of Kings, to be carried in them with more honour. And the other Portugals were carried in Coopes with their heads out fast by the neckes betweene the boards that they could not pull them in, but hauing some wounds in their heads,* 1.12 they went bare headed to the Sunne and to the Dew, and were carried on mens shoulders. The Luthissi went with this Prize through the Countrey with great Majestie, he carried before him foure Banners displayed, on the which

were written the names of the foure Kings of Malaca. And when he entred into the Townes, he entred with great noyse and Majestie, with sound of Trumpets, and with Cryers which went crying the great victorie, the Luthisi (naming him) had gotten of the foure great Kings of Malaca. And all the great men of the Townes went to receiue him with great Feasts and Ho∣nours, all the Townes running to see the new Victorie.

When the Luthisi came with all his pompe and glory where the Aitao was, after the giuing him particular account of all things passed and of his victory, he manifested to him his pretence and agreed with him to diuide the goods betweene them both, and that he should continue the fayning of the Kings of Malaca, that both might receiue of the King Honours and Rewards. This being set downe they both agreed that to keepe this in secret, the Luthisi should go forward in that which he had begun,* 1.13 to wit, he should slay all 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Chinas, that came there captiue. And [ 10] presently they commanded presently to put it in effect, and so they slue ninetie and odde Chi∣nas, among whom were some young youths slaine. They left notwithstanding three or foure youthes and one man, that by them (bringing them to their owne hand) they might certifie the King all that they would, that was to make of the Portugals Theeues, and conceale the goods which they tooke: certifying also by these that those foure were Kings of Malaca. And the Portugals not hauing the Language of the Countrey, neither had any person to intreate for or fauour them would perish: and they being mightie would make their owne Tale good, follow∣ing the end by them intended. And for this cause they slue not the Portugals, but left them a∣liue, for the greater triumph of the victorie.

These Lothias could not doe this so secretly, but many of those which they slue had kindred in [ 20] the Countrey, which did grieue at the death of theirs. Whereby, as well by these, as by some Louthias that were zealous of Iustice, and would not giue consent in so great euils and fraudulent dealings, this matter came to the Kings eares, and hee was informed how the Portugals were Merchants which came to traffique with their Merchandize to China, and they were no theeues, and how they had falsly giuen the Title of Kings to foure of them, to the end the King should shew great fauours, and doe them great honours; and how they had vsurped great store of goods: and that for to conceale these euils, they killed men and children without fault.

* 1.14As soone as the King was informed of all aboue said, hee dispatched present from the Court a Quinchay, (of whom we spake before, that is to say plate of Gold) And with him he sent other [ 30] two men of great authoritie also, of the which the one had beene Panchasi, the other Anchasi, these two as Inquisitors and Examiners of this matter: Commanding and commending to the Chaen which that yeare went to visit the Prouince of Fuquen, and to the Panchasi and Anchasi, of the same Prouince, their ayde and assistance to the Quinchay, and the two Inquisitors in all things necessary for them in these businesses. The two that came with the Quinchay, as Inqui∣sitors, went presently to certayne great Houses which had in the middest a great Court, and on the one side of the Court were certayne great and faire Lodgings, and on the other side others in the same sort. Each of the Inquisitors entred in one of these Houses aforesaid. The Prisoners were presently brought, and were presented to the one of them, who for courtesie remitted them to the other, that he should examine them first, with many words of courtesie. The other sent [ 40] them againe with great thankfulnesse. So they were sundry times carried from one to another, each of them willing to giue the hand to the other of beginning first, till that one of them yeel∣ded and began. And as the matter was of great import and much commended to them, all that the guiltie and the accusers did speake these Officers did write with their owne hands. The Por∣tugals had for a great Enemy a China man and Pilot of one of the shippes that were taken, and a China youth which was a Christian, which from a childe was brought vp among the Portugals: for they were both made of the part of the contrarie Louthias, mooued by gifts and promises: the Louthias being alreadie deposed of their Offices, and held for guiltie, for the which they were accused before the King.

But though they were thus handled, they were so mightie and so fauoured, that they could [ 50] take from the Portugals a China youth that serued them for an Interpreter, which vpon their Petition was againe deliuered them.* 1.15 They examined them in this order, the accused were first brought and examined by one of these Officers, and they carried them to the other to bee exa∣mined againe. And while the other was re-examining the accused, the accusers were brought to him that examined first. And as well the accused as the Accusers were all examined by both the Officers, that afterward they both seeing the confessions of the one and the other, they might see if they did agree. And first they examined euery one by himselfe. Afterward they exami∣ned them altogeter, for to see if the one did contrary the other, or did contend and reprehend one another, that so by little and little they might gather the truth of the case. In these Exa∣minations the two were contrary, to wit, the Pilot, and the Christian China youth, and had many [ 60] stripes, because they agreed in some things. The Louthias did alwayes shew themselues glad to heare the Portugals in their defence, who alleadged in their defence, that if they would know who they were, and how they were Merchants and not Theeues, they should send to enquire of them along the Coast of Chincheo, that there they should know the truth▪ which they might

know of the Merchants of the Countrey, with whom a great many yeares agoe they had dealt, and that they might know that they were no Kings, for Kings do not abase themselues so much as to come with so few men to play the Marchants, and if before they said the contrary, it was by the deceit of the Luthisi, and to receiue better vsage of him in their persons.

Hauing this information of the Portugals, presently with the opinion of the Quinchay and the other Officers, they went to Chincheo both of them, to enquire of the trueth of that which the Portugals had told them; and discouering there the truth of the Portugals matter, and the lies of the Luthissi, and of the Aitao, they dispatched presently a Post; wherein they commanded to put the Luthissi and the Aitao in Prison, and in good safeguard. Wherefore from thence forward [ 10] all men began to fauour them very much. If notwithstanding this examination had bin made in Liampoo, as it was in Chincheo, the Portugals could not haue chosen but haue past it ill, according to the greatnesse of the euils they had done there. After the Louthias returned from Chincheo, they commanded to bring the Portugals before them, and comforted them very much, shewing them great good-will, and saying to them, that they knew already they were no theeues, but were honest men: and they examined againe as well they as their aduersaries, to see if they contra∣dicted themselues in any thing of that which before they had spoken.* 1.16 In these later re-examina∣tions the Pilot of China, which before had shewed himselfe against the Portugals, and had beene on the Louthias side, seeing that the Louthias were already in Prison, and that now they could doe them no good, and that the Portugals were already fauoured, and that the trueth was already [ 20] knowne, he gainsaid himselfe of all that he had said, and said that it was true that the Portugals were no theeues nor Kings, but Merchants, and very good men, and discouered the goods which the Luthissi had taken when he surprised the Portugals. And that till then he had said to the con∣trary, was for the great promises which the Louthias promised him, and for the great threats they vsed to him if he did it not. But seeing they were already in Prison, and he knew they could doe him no hurt, he would now speake the truth. They then commanded to torment him, and whip him very sore, to see if he would gainsay himselfe, but he still continued in the same confession.

All the examinations and diligences necessarie in this business ended,* 1.17 the Quinchay willing to depart for the Court with his companie, would first see the Portugals, and giue a sight of him∣selfe to the Citie. The sight was of great Maiestie in the manner hee went abroad in the Citie, [ 30] for he went accompanied with all the great men of it, and with many men in Armes and many Ancients displayed and very faire, and with many Trumpets and Kettle-drummes, and ma∣ny other things which in such pompes are vsed. And accompanied in this manner, hee went to certaine noble and gallant houses. And all the great men taking their leaue of him, hee com∣manded the Portugals to come neere him, and after a few words he dismissed them: for this was not but onely to see them. Before these Louthias departed they commanded the Louthias of the Countrey, and the Iaylors, that all of them should fauour the Portugals, and giue them good en∣tertaynment, and should command to giue them all things necessarie for their persons. And commanded euery one to set his name in a piece of Paper, because that while they were at the Court, and their matters were dispatching, they should not craftily make some missing. And [ 40] they commanded to keepe the Luthissi in good safety, and the Aitao, and that they should not let them communicate with any person. Being gone from the Citie, they lodged in a small Towne, where they set in order all the Papers, and ingrossing onely that which was necessarie. And because the Papers were many, and were much to write, they helped themselues with three men. And hauing ingrossed all that they were to carrie to the Court, they burned all the rest. And because these three men which they tooke for helpers should not spread abroad any thing of that which they had seene, or heard, or written,* 1.18 they left them shut vp with great vigilan∣cie, that none should speake with them, commanding to giue them all things necessarie very abundantly vntill the Kings Sentence came from Court, and were declared. The Papers being presented in Court, and all seene by the King and by his Officers, he pronounced the Sentence [ 50] in * 1.19 manner and forme following.

Pimpu by commandement of the King. Because Chaipuu, Huchin Tutan without my commande∣ment, or making mee priuie thereto, after the taking of so much people, commanded them to bee slayne: I being willing to prouide therein with Iustice, sent first to know the trueth by Quinsituam, my Quin∣chei, who taking with him the Louthias which I sent to examine the trueth of the Portugals, and also of the Aitao and Luthissi, which had informed mee, that the Portugals were theeues, and that they came to all the coast of my Dominion to robbe and to murther. And the trueth of all being knowne, they are come from doing that which I commanded them. And the Papers being seene by my Pimpu, and by the great Louthias of my Court, and well examined by them, they came to giue mee account of all. And likewise I commanded them to be perused by Ahimpu, and Altu Chaen, and by Athaylissi [ 60] Chuquin, whom I commanded to ouersee those Papers very well, because the matters were of great weight; wherein I would prouide with Iustice. Which thus being seene and perused by them all, it was manifest that the Portugals came many yeeres before to the coast of Chincheo to doe their affaires, which was not conuenient they should doe in the manner they did it, but in my Markets, as was alwaies the custome in all my Ports. These men of whom hitherto I knew not: I know now that the people of

Chincheo went to their ships about their affaires, whereby I know already that they are Merchants and not theeues, as they had written to me they were.

And I doe not blame Merchants to helpe Merchants, but I put great fault in my Louthias of Chin∣cheo: because that when any ship came to my Ports, they should haue knowne if they were Merchants, and if they would pay their duties, and if they would pay them, to write presently vnto mee. If they had done so▪ so much euill had not beene done. Or when they were taken, if they had let mee know it, I had commanded to set them at libertie. And although it bee a custome in my Ports the ships that come vnto them to be measured * 1.20 by cubits for to pay their duties: these being very farre off, it was not necessarie but to let them doe their businesses, and goe for their Countries. Besides this my Pontoos * 1.21 which knew these men to be Merchants did not tell it mee, but concealed it from mee, whereby they were the cause of many people being taken and slaine. And those that remayned aliue as they could not speake, did looke [ 10] toward Heauen, and demanded from their hearts iustice of Heauen (they know no other God su∣preme out the Heauen.) Besides these things I know that the Aitao, and the Luthissi did so much euill for couetousnesse of the many goods which they tooke from the Portugals, hauing no regard whe∣ther those which they tooke, and tooke the goods from, were good or euill men. Likewise the Louthias a∣long the Sea coast knew these men to be Merchants, and certified mee not. And all of them, as disloyall, were the cause of so much euill. I knew more by my Quinchey, that the Aitao, and the Luthissi had Letters, by the which they knew that the Portugals were no theeues but Merchants, and knowing this they were not contented with the taking of them, but they wrote many lyes vnto mee, and were not con∣tented with killing of the men,* 1.22 but killed children also, cutting off the feet of some, of others the hands, and at last the heads of them all: writing vnto mee they had taken and slayne Kings of Mallaca. Which [ 20] case I beleeuing to be true, grieue in my heart.

And because hitherto so many cruelties haue beene vsed without my commandement, from hence for∣ward I command they be not done. Besides this the Portugals resisted my Armie, being better to haue let themselues beene taken, then to kill my people. Moreouer, it is long since they came to the coast of our Dominion about their affaires in manner of theeues, and not as Merchants: wherefore if they had beene naturall as they are strangers they had incurred paine of death & losse of goods, wherfore they are not with∣out fault. The Tutan by whose commandement those men were sla••ne, said * 1.23 that by this deed I should make him greater; and the people that he commanded to be slayne after they had no heads, their hearts, (that is their soules and their bloud) required iustice of Heauen. I seeing so great euils to be done, my eyes could not indure the sight of the Papers without teares, and great griefe of my heart. I know [ 30] not, my Louthias seeing they tooke this people, wherefore they let it not goe, that I might not come to know so many cruelties and so great.* 1.24 Wherefore seeing all these things, I doe create Senfuu chiefe Louthia, because hee did his dutie in his charge, and told mee trueth. I create also chiefe Louthia Quinchio, because hee wrote the trueth to mee of the Pontoos which went to doe their merchandise in secret with the Portugals to the Sea. Those which are euill I will make them baser then they which sowe Rice.

Likewise because Pachou did trafficke with the Portugals, and for bribes did permit the Merchants of the Countrey to trafficke with the Portugals, and yet doing these things, wrote vnto mee that the Por∣tugals were theeues and that they came to my Dominions onely to steale. And the same hee said also to my Louthias (which presently answered, that he lyed, for they knew already the contrarie.) And there∣fore [ 40] such a one, and such a one, (he nameth ten Louthias.) It is nothing that all you be banished to red Caps x 1.25, to the which I condemne you: but you deserue to be made baser as I doe make you. Chaen for taking these men thou sayedst thou shouldest be greater, and being in the doing of so much euill thou sayedst thou didst not feare mee: such a one, and such a one (he nameth nine) for the taking of these men yee say, I would make you great, and without any feare of mee yee all lyed, such a one, and such a one (he nameth many.) I know also yee tooke bribes. But because you did so, I make you base, (he de∣priueth them of the dignitie of Lothias.)

Such a one, and such a one (he nameth many. If the Aitao and the Luthissi would kill so many people, wherefore did you suffer it? But seeing that in consenting you were accessarie with them in their death, all are in the same fault. Chifuu, and Chanchifuu, were also agreeing to the will of the Aitao [ 50] and the Luthissi, and were with them in the slaughter, as well those that were as those that were not in fault. Wherefore I condemne you all to red Caps. Lupuu let him haue a good heart, because the Tutan being willing to kill this people, he said that he should let mee first know it. To him I will doe no harme, but good, as he deserueth, and I command that he remayne Louthia. Sanchi I make my Anchassi of the Citie of Cansi. The Antexio I command to be deposed of his honour. Assaon seeing hee can speake with the Portugals, let him haue honour and ordinarie, and he shall be carried to Chaquean, where hee was borne. (This is the youth with whom the Portugals did defend themselues, seruing them for Interpreter, they gaue him title of Louthia, and mayntenance.) Chinque Head of the Mer∣chants that went to the Sea to trafficke with the Portugals, and deceiued them, bringing great store of [ 60] goods a land, it shall be demanded of him, and set in good safeguard for the mayntenance and expences of the Portugals, and I condemne him and his foure Companions to red Caps, and they shall bee banished whither my Louthias shall thinke good.

To the rest guilty and imprisoned for this matter, I command my Louthias to giue to euery one the

punishment he deserueth. I command the Chaen to bring me hither the Tutan that his faults being per∣used by the great men of my Court, I may command to doe iustice on him as I shall thinke good.* 1.26 (This Tutan was also a consenter in the wickednesse of the Aitao and the Luthissi: for the Luthissi, and the Aitao made him partaker, and gaue him part of the booties which they tooke from the Portugals, that as the head he should hold for good that which they did: for in truth they durst not haue done that which they did if he had not giuen consent, and agreed with their opinion. This hearing what was judged against him, hung himselfe, saying, that seeing the Heauen had made him whole, that no man should take away his head. The Pontoos which yet are in Prison, shall be examined againe, and shall presently be dispatched. Chuichum shall presently be depriued from [ 10] being a Louthia, without being heard any more. Chibee, head of sixe and twenty, I command that hee and his be all set at libertie, for I find but little fault in them. Those which owe any money it shall bee recouered of them presently. Famichin, and Tomicher shall dye, if my Louthias doe thinke it ex∣pedient; if not let them doe as they thinke best. Alfonso of Paiua, and Peter of Cea (these were Por∣tugals) Antonie and Francisco (these were slaues) finding them to be guilty of killing some men of my Armie, shall with the Luthissi and Aitao be put in Prison, where according to the custome of my King∣dome, they all shall dye at leisure. The other Portugals that are aliue with all their Seruants which are in all fiftie one, I command them to be carried to my Citie of Cansi, where I command they be well in∣treated, seeing my heart is so good towards them that for their sake I punish in this sort the people of my Countrey, and deale so well with them; for it is my custome to doe Iustice to all men. The Louthias of the [ 20] Armada, finding they are in little fault, I command they bee set free (I deale in this sort with all men, that my Louthias may see that all that which I doe, I doe it with a good zeale.) All these things I com∣mand to be done with speed. Hitherto the sentence of the King.

The Portugals that were freed by the sentence,* 1.27 when they carried them whither the King commanded, found by the way all things necessary in great abundance, in the Houses aboue∣said, that the King had in euery Towne for the Louthias when they trauell. They carried them in seates of Chaires made of Canes on mens backes, and they were in charge of in∣feriour Louthias, which caused them to haue all things necessarie through all places where they came, till they were deliuered to the Louthias of the Citie of Cansi. From that time they had no more of the King euery moneth but one Foon of Rice (which is a measure as much as a man [ 30] can beare on his backe) the rest they had need of, euery one did seeke by his owne industry. Af∣terward they dispersed them againe by two and two, and three and three through diuers pla∣ces, to preuent that in time they should not become mightie joyning themselues with others.

Those that were condemned to death, were presently put in Prison of the condemned. And Alfonso of Paiua had a meanes to giue the Portugals to vnderstand that were free, that for his welcome they had giuen him presently fortie stripes and intreated him very euill, shewing him∣selfe comforted in the Lord. Those which were at libertie, now some and then some, came to the ships of the Portugals, by the industrie of some Chinas, which brought them very secretly for the great gifts they receiued of the Merchants of Portugall, which made their Merchandize in the Citie of Cantan.

[ 40]

Notes

• * 1.1

  Portugals cal∣led Fancui, and hated.

  Name-policy.
• * 1.2

  Lawes of Na∣uigation.
• * 1.3

  Couetise law∣lesse.
• * 1.4

  China Pirats.
• * 1.5

  Liampo.
• * 1.6

  Chincheo.
• * 1.7

  Namqui, or Nanquin.
• * 1.8

  Disorders of outragious Chinois, and in∣solent Portu∣gals.
• * 1.9

  Briberie.
• * 1.10

  Mountayne Mouse-birth.
• * 1.11

  Spectatum ad∣miss risum te∣neatis amici?
• * 1.12

  Pillory Coops.
• * 1.13

  Damnable va∣nitie.
• * 1.14

  The Kings Iustice.
• * 1.15

  Manner of ex∣amination.
• * 1.16

  When theeues fall out—
• * 1.17

  The Quinchays magnificent ostentation.
• * 1.18

  Cautelous in∣dustrie.
• * 1.19

  It is here abridged. The Kings Sentence.
• * 1.20

  In China and Siam they pay Custome by measuring the ship f••om poop to prow how many cubits it is o••.
• * 1.21

  Pontoos are Sea-watches.
• * 1.22

  Butcherly in∣solence.
• * 1.23

  Said in his heart, or con••ceited himself.
• * 1.24

  Senfu and o∣thers rewar∣ded.
• x 1.25

  Red Caps are the ensigne of men con∣demned to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the King in his frontiers against the E∣nemie.
• * 1.26

  The Tutan by hanging him∣selfe preuents the Hangman, or proued the Hangman ra∣ther.
• * 1.27

  What became of the Portu∣gals.