CHAP. VII. The History of the Mexican Nation, described in pictures by the Mexican Author explained in the Mexican language; which exposition transla∣ted into Spanish, and thence into English, together with [ 30] the said Picture-historie, are here presented.
§. I. The Mexican Chronicle.
HEre beginneth the Historie and foundation of the Citie of Mexico, founded and inhabited by the Mexicans, who at that time were called Meçiti; whose origi∣nall beginning of being Lords, and their acts and liues are declared briefely in [ 40] this Historie, according as it is signified and set out successiuely by the pictures and paintings following.
In the yeare 1324. after the comming of our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ, the Mexican people first arriued at the place of the Citie of Mexico, and because they liked well the greatnesse and the scituation of that place, after that they had trauailed in their Iournies, and wandered many yeares from Country to Countrey, & in some of them had made their abode, for some yeares, being come from far Countries in following their Iournies, and not being contented with the other places where they had made their abode, they came and setled themselues in the place of Mexico. The which place at that time was all drowned with water, and was couered with great bogs and bankes of moorish shegs and bulrushes, which they call Tuli, and it had Car∣rizales, [ 50] and great plats of dry ground couered with shrubbes, bushes, and briars like woods. And through all the space of that place there went a spring & streame of fair cleere water which was free from all segges and bushes, which water streame went through it crossewise, in manner of Saint Andrewes crosse, as it is shewed in the picture: and about the middle of that place of that water-streame, the Meçiti found a great rocke of stone, and growing thereon a great Tree or bush called Tunal, wherein a great Eagle Candal had her haunt and abode for her foode, so as all about that place was scattered full of bones and feathers of diuers Birds and Foules of diuers colours. And they hauing gone throughout all that place and Countrie thereabout, and finding it very fruitfull and full of wilde beasts, wilde Foules, Birds, and Fishes, and things of the wa∣ter, wherewith to sustaine themselues and to profit themselues in their businesse in dealing with [ 60] the Townes thereabouts, and finding the water-courses of that place so commodious, and that their Neighbours could not trouble nor hurt them, and for other things and causes to their good liking they determined to passe no further on their iourneyes in trauelling, but to settle Page 1067 themselues and dwell still. And according to their determination, they did settle themselues there effectually. And made themselues a strong Citie of defence with bankes and walles about the waters, and on the plats of ground among the •egges and Bushes of Tulis and Carrizales. And for a beginning of that their seate and habitation, it was determined by them, to giue name and title to that place, calling it Tenultitlan. By reason and cause of the Tunal growing out of the Rocke (for Tenuchtitlan interpreted in our Castilian Spanish Tongue is Tunal growing vpon a Rocke.)
The armie of the Mexican people had with them for chiefe Gouernours ten persons named, Ocelopan, Quapan, Acacitli, Ahuexolt, Te•uch, T•cincuh, 〈◊〉, Xocoyol, Xuihcaqui, Atototl, [ 10] as it is shewed in the Pictures. And hauing so setled themselues, they did chuse Tenuch for their chiefe Gouernour and Lord to gouerne them, as a person especially chosen thereto and fit for it, hauing in him all parts and abilitie to exercise Lordship. And they appointed the other chiefe Gouernours, that they should be Agents and Captaynes, Gouernours vnder him.
And after some yeeres were pass•d of their dwelling in that place, and the people multiplyed, the Citie likewise was named Mexico, so named and deriued of the Mexicans, calling it the place of setling of the Mexican people.
And when the people were some what multiplyed like bold and warlike people, they tooke beginning of couragious mindes in preuayling ouer their Neighbours, and so shewed themselues in force of armes, whereby they subdued and made tributarie to them two Townes next ad∣ioyning [ 20] to Mexico, named Colhuacan, and Tenaincan; as likewise is set forth in the pictures:* the which doings passed in the time of the gouernment of the chiefe Lord Tenuch, which was the space of fiftie one yeares, at the end whereof he died.
Concerning the Pictures of blew in the margents of this Historie, it is to be vnderstood that euery seuerall space or partition doth signifie one yeare, and they bee the numbring of yeares: it is to be vnderstood that euery seuerall space or partition signifie the one seuerall yeare, and so they accounted & numbred euery yeare seuerally, proceeding by the number of rundles or pricks therein contained, beginning at one, and proceeding to thirteene rundles. And from thence they began againe at the beginning in their accompt from one point or rundle, and so according∣ly they did proceede in numbering againe, till they came to thirteene. And although that in [ 30] the partitions or spaces seuerally there be diuers seuerall figures, yet the principall accompt of numbering is that accompt of the pictures or rundles therein contained. And although the names of the yeares that they giue to euery partition from the number of the first point till the thirteenth be to some purpose▪ yet for to aduertise the Reader thereof; here is made by it selfe a declaration of the names, with their interpretations.
In the order and rule of the partitions which are numbred for yeares, that partition where there is a branch with a foote like a flower, it doth signifie a bitter and vnfortunate yeare which the Mexicans had, and did feare, saying that their predecessours time out of minde did giue them warning that such yeares which befell euery two and fiftieth yeare were dangerous, and vnfortunate, and bitter yeares, because that in such yeares there were floods generally, and like∣wise [ 40] darkenesse of the eclips of the Sunne, and vniuersall earthquakes. And likewise in such yeares they made great sacrifice and ceremonies to their gods, and gaue themselues to repen∣tance, and did abstaine from all vices against the very day and houre of such a yeare. In the which day generally they put out all their lights and fires till that day were past; and being pas∣sed they kindled new lights being had out of a Mountaine by a Priest.
[ 50] This is a weeke of yeares after the Mexican computation (all coloured blew, the Mexican names written ouer in red) the first of which they call Setuchtli, that is, one Conie: the second Omeacalt, or two Canes: the third Yeytecpatl, three Flints: the fourth Macuilituchtli, which signifieth foure hou∣ses: the fifth Criquacenacatl, that is fiue Conies: the sixth, sixe Canes: the seuenth, seuen Flints: the eight, eight Houses: the ninth, nine Conies: the tenth, ten Canes: the eleuenth, eleuen Flints: the twelfth, twelue Houses: the thirteenth, thirteene Conies.
[ 60][ 60] This Picture presents the number of 51. yeares: that is, the time of Tenuchs reigne: in this wheele or square (which, as all the like representing yeares are in the originall picture coloured blew) The pictures of men signifie the ten Lords or Gouernours before mentioned; their names are inscribed in the originall pictures, which here we •aue by the letters annexed directly to a following glosse. A. Acacitli. B Quapan. C Ocelopan. D Aguexo•l. E T•cineuh. F Tenuch. G Xominitl. H Xocoyol. I Xu•∣caqui. Page 1069 K Atotl. L Tenochtitlan, representing the armes which they vsed in the conquest of that place, which they so intituled is M the Tunal (painted greene) growing out of a Rock. N the Eagle. O their setling or habitation. P the people of Colhua∣can Q Tenayncan: both which Nations R Tenuch conquered by force of •rmes, as appeareth S their subiection or bring∣ing vnder. T is the blue square and Saint Andrewes crosse. The former relation doth more fully lay open these things.
In this figure is represented the raigne of their second Lord or King Acamapich. A is the time of his reigne 21. yeeres. B Acamapichtli the successor. C His target and arrowes in∣struments of warre, by force whereof he subdued these foure townes or peoples figured D Quau∣nahuac. G Mizquic. H Caitlahuac. I Xo∣chimilco. E is the same Acamapichtli as a conqueror. F by foure faces and ensignes shew∣ing [ 50] the men of those foure Townes (to each of which is added like ensigne) subdued. This picture therefore doth in figures signifie, that which we in letters thus;
IN the yeere 1377. in the said Gouernment and Lordship succeeded Acamapichtli. And during his Lordship he subdued and conquered by force of armes the foure Townes contayned and named in the pictures here before, which are these: Quau∣hnahnac, Misquic, Cuitla•aac, and Xochimilco, the [ 60] which were tributaries to him, acknowledging their subiection. In the yeeres that the said Acamapich liued in the said Lordship: his inclination and vse was to haue many wiues, the which were daughters of all the principall men of Mexico, by whom he had many sons which were the beginning and increase of many Caciques, and Captaines, and warlike people, by meanes of whom the Citie of Mexico was enlarged and augmented in great might, as is signified hereafter in the discourses by the pi∣ctures, Page 1070 with their declarations. The two pictures with their titles & names of Acamapich be one same thing to diuers effects, for the first sheweth his beginning and succession of the said Lordship, and the second sheweth the yeere af∣ter his succession in the said Lordship, when hee began to conquer and subdue the said foure Townes. And in the said Lordship he had his course one and twentie yeeres, at the end whereof the said Acamapich dyed and departed this present life, the which said departure was in the yeere 1398.
[ 60] A 21. yeeres. B Towne and People of Toltitlan. C Quauztitlan. D Chalco. H Tulancinco. I Xaltocan. K Otunpa. L Acolma. M Tezcuco. E The Cutter hath set letters to diuers figures Page 1071 whereof I can giue no interpretation: and such is this, except perhaps it signifieth that in his seuenth yeere he began his conquests. For I doe here interpret diuers in which the Spanish is silent, if the conie∣cture seeme easier. F is King Huiçilihuitl. G the instruments of warre.
IN the yeere 1396. in the said Lordship succeeded Huiçilihuitl sonne of Acamapich, and during the time of his reigne in his Lordship, he conquered by force of armes eight Townes, which are contayned in the pictures here before, with the names of the same Townes intituled, the which were made tributarie to the Mexican Lordship acknowledging seruitude. The said Huiçilihuitl was valiant in warres, and inclined to haue many wiues by whom he had many sons, [ 10] wherewith the power of the Mexicans was augmented. The time of the Lordship and life of the said Huiçilihuitl therein was 21. yeeres, at the end whereof he dyed and departed this pre∣sent life, according as by the pictures of blue are numbred.
[ 50] A tenne yeeres. B Chimalpupuca. C Target and Darts, to intimate his forcible conquest of D Tequixquiac and E Chalco. F sheweth his death. G the Towne of Chalco in rebellion. H the foure Canoas and I the fiue men abouesaid of Mexico, which the Rebels slue. You see this King and euery other both King and Towne distinguished by speciall Armes or Scutchions, with other par∣ticulars, [ 60] which here and in all the rest I leaue to each Readers owne industrie and search.
IN the yeere 1470. after the death of Huicilihuitl succeeded Chimalpupuca in the said Lordship of Mexico, sonne of the said Huicilihuitl, and during his time hee subdued by force of armes the Townes of Tequixquiac, and Chalco, which Chalco is a great Towne and acknowledging ser∣uitude: Page 1072 they paid tribute to the Lordship of Mexico, according as the pictures doe shew. And hauing the said Townes thus in subiection, at the end of certaine yeeres the said Towne of Chalco, being mightie, rebelled against the Mexicans, and in the rebellion there grew danger to the Mexicans, insomuch that they slue fiue of them, and brake them foure Canoas, according as here is signified by the pictures. The time of the life and Lordship of the said Chimalpupuca was ten yeeres, at the end whereof hee dyed, according as is numbred by the blue pictures in the margent. And likewise the said Chimalpupuca, in the time of his life had many wiues and sons; for it was accounted a matter of reputation.
[ 40] The explanation of the first Table A 13. yeeres. Yzcoatci. F by force of Armes (signified by this Target and Darts) subdued the Townes and Territories of B Azcapucalco. C Coyvacan. D [ 50] Teocalhucyacan. G Guagua•an. H Tlacopan. I Atlacuihuayan. K Mixcoac. L Quauximal∣pan. M Quauhtitlan. N Tupan. O Acolhuacan.
IN the yeere 1427. in the said Dominion of Mexico, after the death of Chimalpopuca, succee∣ded Yzcoatçi, Sonne of Acamapich, which had beene Lord of Mexico, and during his time hee conquered by force of Armes foure & twentie Townes which are here pictured, which Townes he made subiect to the Lorship of Mexico, at one inuasion which he made; for he was as valiant and warlike in Armes as the said Acamapich, and was a man of good iudgement, and wise in ma∣ny [ 60] matters, and by his good industries he subdued the said Townes which gaue him tribute, and did acknowledge seruitude. The said Yzcoatçi had many Concubines, by whom he had seuen Sonnes and Daughters and he reigned in the said Lordship thirteene yeeres at the end whereof the said Yzcoatçi dyed and departed this present life.
Page 1073 In the other Table (in the originall being another Page) follow A Mizquic B Cuitlahuac. C Xochinuilcopu. D Chalco. E Quauhtlatoa the Lord of Tlatilulco; the Towne also added. F Hui∣cilapan. G Quauhnahuac. H Cuecalan. I Caqualpan. K Iztepec L Xiuhtepec. M Yoalan. N Tepequacnilco.
IN the yeere 1440. after the death of Yzcoatçi succeeded Gueguemoteçuma in the Lordship of Mexico, the Sonne of Guiçilihuitl which had beene Lord of Mexico: and during his time, he conquered by force of Armes three and thirtie Townes according as they are pictured in that compasse where the Picture of Gueguemoteçuma standeth. And hauing subdued them to the said [ 50] Lordship of Mexico, they payed him tribute, acknowledging their subiection.
This Gueguemoteçuma was a very seuere and graue Lord, and giuen to vertue, and was a man of a good nature and vnderstanding, and an enemie to all euill vices: and beeing of a good incli∣nation, set downe Orders and Lawes in his Common-wealth, and to all his Seruants how they ought to liue, and also ordayned grieuous penalties for the breach of them: which penalties were executed without any remission vpon those that brake the Lawes. He was not cruell, but rather gentle, and desirous of the welfare of his Subiects, not vicious in women; hee had two Sonnes, hee was very temperate in drinking, for in all his life time hee was neuer seene to bee drunke as the naturall Indians which are extremely inclined to drunkennesse, but rather he com∣manded [ 60] him to be corrected and punished that committed such a fact. And by his seueritie and Iustice and good example of life, hee was feared and reuerenced of all his Subiects, all his life time, which was the space of nine and twentie yeeres. At the end whereof he dyed, and passed out of this present life.
Page 1074 A nine and twentie yeeres. C Huehuemotecçuma. D by force of Armes subdued B Lord Atonal and his Towne Coayxtlahuacan. E Mamalhuaztepec. F Tenanco. G Tetuchtepec. H Chiconquianhco. I Xiuhtepec. K Totolapan. L Chalco. M Quauhnahuac. N Atlatlanhca. O Huaxtepec.
Page 1075 In the second Table. A Yauhtepec. B Tepuztlan. C Tepatzcince. D Yacapichtlan. E Yoalte∣pec. F Tlachco. G Tlalcocauhtitlan. H Tepequacuilco. I Quiyanteopan. K Chontalcoatlan. L. Hucipuchtlan. M Atotonilco. N Axocopan. O Tulan. P Xilotepec. Q Yzquincuitlapilco. R Atotonilco. S Tlapacoyan. T Chapolixitla. V Tlatlauhquitepec. X Cuetlaxtlan. Y Quanh∣tochco.
Page 1076IN the yeere 1479. after the death of Gueguemotezuma, succeeded in the Lordship of Mexico Axayacaci sonne of Teçoçomoetliquieto, which was the sonne of Yzcoalt Lord of Mexico. And during the time that the said Axayacaci was Lord, he conquered and won by force of armes se∣uen and thirtie Townes, as hereafter are pictured and named. Amongst which Townes hee sub∣dued vnder his Lordship by force of armes the Towne of Tlatilulco, a thing of great importance. Moquihuix was Lord of Tlatilulco at that time, who being a mightie person of great strength and of a proud nature,* began to giue occasion of dissention and warres to the Lords of Mexico, hauing heretofore held them for friends: by occasion whereof hee had great incounters and bat∣tailes, wherein the said Moquihuix Lord of Tlatilulco dyed in throwing himselfe downe from a Cu (or a high Mezcita, or Temple) for he seeing himselfe so hard beset in the battaile, being al∣most ouercome, entred into a Mizcita to saue himselfe, because hee would not be taken prisoner. [ 10] And an Alfaqui (or Priest) which was in the Mezquito,* or Temple, reprouing him for it and imputing cowardise vnto him, he threw himselfe downe as aforesaid. At which time the Mexi∣cans had the victorie. And thenceforth the Towne of Tlatilulco was subiect to the Lord of Mexi∣co, paying tribute and acknowledging subiection. Axayacaci was very valiant and warlike in armes, and was viciously giuen to women, hauing had many wiues and sonnes: he was also proud and warlike, whereby all his subiects feared him extremely: hee did maintaine and hold for good all the Lawes and Ordinances that his predecessor Gueguemotizuma had made, according as hath beene mentioned in his Historie; and hee continued the space of twelue yeeres in the said Lord∣ship of Mexico, at the end whereof he dyed and departed out of this present life.
[ 20][ 50] A twelue yeeres. B Axayacaci. C by armed force subdued these Townes following (not as before expressed in picture) Tlatilulco, Atlapulco, Xalatlanhio, Tlacotepec, Motopec, Capulnac, Ocoy••ac, Quanhpanoayan, Xochiacan, Teotenanco, Caliymayan, Cinacantepec, Tulucan, Xiquipilco, Tenancinco, Tepeyacac, Tlaximaloyan, Oztoma, Xacotitlan, Ocuilan, Oztoticpac, Matlatlan, Cuezcomatlyacac, Tecalco, Cuetlaxtlan, Puxcauhtlan, Alcuilizapan, Tlaolan, Mixtlan, Cuecaloztoc, Tetzapotitlan, Miquizetlan, Tamuoc, Taupatel, Tuchpan, Tenexticpac, Quauhtlan.
IN the yeere 1482. after the end and death of Axayacaci, succeeded in the Lordship of Mexico, Tiçoçicatzi,* sonne of the said Axayacaci, and during the time of his raigne he conquered and [ 60] got by force of armes fourteene Townes. The said Tiçoçicatzi was very valiant and warlike in armes,* and before that he succeeded in the Lordship of Mexico, he had done dangerous feates of valiantnesse in his owne person in the warres, whereby hee obtayned the title of Tlacatecatl, Page 1077 which they esteemed for a Title of great honour and estate: and it was a degree where•y that the Lordship of Mexico being vacant, he which had the same degree and title succeeded in the place of the same Dominion of Mexico, which title in like manner his Predecessors, Bro∣thers, and Father, and Grand-father had, whereby they came to bee Lords of Mexico. Also the said Ticocicatzi by the estate and authoritie of the said Lordship of Mexico, had many Wiues and Sonnes which hee had by them, and he was a graue and seuere man in commanding and was feared and reuerenced of his Subjects, hee was likewise enclined to good and vertuous things, and was good for his Commonwealth. He commanded the Lawes and Statutes to bee kept and approoued for good, that his Predecessors had amplified and kept since the time of Gue∣guemotezuma. [ 10] And he was zealous in punishing and chastning the eu•ll vices and offence, that his Subjects committed. And so the Mexican Commonwealth was well ordered and gouerned the time of his life, which was the space of fiue yeeres, at the end whereof he dyed and depar∣ted this present life.
A Fiue yeeres. B Ticocicatzi C by armes subdued these Townes, Tonahymoquezayan, Toxico, Ecatepec, Zilan, Tecaxic, Tuluca, Yancuitlan, Tlapan, Atezcahuacan, Mazatlan, Xochi∣yetla, Tamapachco, Ecatlyquapochco, Miquetlan. [ 40]
IN the yeere 1486. after the death of Tizizocatzi, succeeded Ahuizozin, brother to his Prede∣cessor Tizozicatzi, in the Signorie of Mexico. And during the time of his Lordship, he conque∣red by force of armes fiue and fortie Townes, according as hereafter are pictured and named. The said Ahuizozin was like to his Predecessor and Brother Tizizocatzi in valiantnesse and feates of warre, whereby he got the title of Tlacatecatl, which signifieth a great Captaine, and from the same title he came to be Lord of Mexico. The said Ahuizozin was by nature of a good inclinati∣on, and giuen to all vertue, and likewise in the course of his life hee had his Commonwealth ru∣led [ 50] and gouerned well, and he fulfilled and kept the Lawes and Statutes that his Predecessors had maintayned since the time of Gueguemotezuma. And as the state of the Lordship of Mexico was brought to great Majestie, and had the greatest part of this New Spaine subiect, acknowledging their seruice, and by the great and rich tributes which they gaue the said Mexican Lordship, came to much renowme and mightinesse. And he like a mightie and great minded Prince, gaue great things and preferments to his seruants, and he was temperate of condition and mercifull, where∣by his seruants loued him exceedingly, and yeelded him great reuerence. And likewise hee had many wiues, and children by them, because it was a thing adioyned to the Lordship, and a point of great estate. He was of a merrie condition, whereby his seruants did feast him continually in his life time with great and diuers kindes of feasts, and musick, and songs, and instruments, as [ 60] well in the night as in the day: for in his place the Musicians and Singers neuer ceased with ma∣ny Instruments of musicke. The course of his life in that Signiorie was sixteene yeeres, at the end whereof he dyed and passed out of this present life.
A sixteene yeeres. B A∣huizozin. C conquered by armes the townes following, Tziccoac, Tlappan, Molan∣co, Amaxtlan, Zapotlan, Xaltepec, Chiapan, Totote∣pec, Xochtlan, Xolochiuhylan, [ 10] Cozaquan•tenanco, Coço∣huipilecan, Coy•acac, Aca∣tepec, Huexolotlan, Acapul∣co, Xiu•huacan, Apancale∣can, Tecpatepec, Tepechiap∣co, Xicochimalco, Xiuhtecza∣catlan, Tequantepec, Coyo∣lapan, Yztactlalocan, Teo∣cuitlatlan, Huehaetlan, Quanhxayacatitlan, Yzhu∣atlan, [ 20] Comitlan, Nan•zin∣tlan, Huipilan, Cahualan, Ystatlan, Huiztlan, Xolot∣lan, Quanhnacaztlan▪ Ma∣catlan, Ayanhtochiuitlatla, Quanhtlan, Cu•calcuitlapi∣la, Mapachtep•c, Quauhpi∣lolan, Tlaco••pec, Mizqui∣tlan. [ 30]
IN the yeere 1502. after the end and death of Ahuiçoçin, succeeded in the Lordship of Mexi∣co,* Motezuma. Mexico was now growne into great Majestie, Renowme, and Authori∣tie: and he by his grauitie and seueritie enlarged exceedingly the State and Dominion of Mexi∣co, yea a great deale more then his Predecessors. Motexzeuma was the sonne of Axayaçaçi, which had beene Lord of Mexico, and before hee came to the said Lordship hee had the deserts of a worthy Captaine and a valiant man in warres, whereby hee had the title of Tlacatecatl, [ 40] and so hee succeeded in the Lordship of Mexico, as is before rehearsed, and being in the said Lordship he did greatly increase the Mexican Empire, bearing the rule ouer all the Townes in this New Spaine,* insomuch that they gaue and payed him great tributes of much riches and val•e: He was feared very much of all his seruants, and likewise of his Captaines and Principals, insomuch that not one when they had any businesse with him, for the great reuerence they had him i•,* durst for feare looke him in the face, but that they held downe their eyes and their head low and enclined to the ground, and many other extraordinarie respects and ceremonies they did vnto him for the Maiestie he represented vnto them, not mentioned here for auoyding of te∣diousnesse. After M•t•zuma had succeeded in the said Lordship, hee conquered foure and fortie Townes hereafter named;* and hee subdued them vnder his Lordship and Empire, and in their [ 50] acknowledging of seruitude all the continuance of his life, they payed him many and great tri∣butes, as hereafter by their pictures and declarations is made manifest.
*Moteçuma was by nature wise, and an Astrologer, and a Philosopher, subtile and skilled ge∣nerally in all artes, aswell of warres as all other matters temporall. And for his grauitie and estate he had of his Lordship the beginning of an Empire, according as his seruants did reuerence him with great honor and power, that in comparison of him, not one of his predecessors came to halfe so much estate and Majestie.
*The Statutes and Lawes of his Predecessors, since the time of Gueguemoteçuma vntill his time, he commanded to bee kept and wholly fulfilled with great zeale. And because hee was a man so wise, by his good nature he ordayned and made other Statutes and Lawes which he thought de∣fectiue [ 60] for the execution of the former, not abrogating any, all which were for the welfare and good gouernment of his Commonwealth and Subjects. Hee was inclined to keepe many houses and women,* which were daughters of the Lords his Subjects and Confederates; and by them he had many children; and to haue so many wiues was for to set forth his Majestie the more, for they hold it for a point of great estate. Among which the daugh•ers of the Lords of great au∣thoritie Page 1079 he held for lawfull wiues, according to their rights and ceremonies, and them hee kept within his Palaces and dwelling houses; and the children that came of them were had in repu∣tation as more lawfull children then the others which hee had by the other women.* It were a large historie to tell the order he had in keeping of them, and conuersation with them. And be∣cause this present historie is but briefe, it is left vnrehearsed.
The quantitie, value, and number of the tributes and kindes of things that his subjects did pay for tribute vnto him, shall be seene and vnderstood hereafter, as by the pictures and declarations is signified. And he made a straight order that the tributes which they payed him, should be ful∣filled according as they were leuied by him; for the fulfilling whereof he had in all his subject-townes his Calpixques and Factors, which were as Gouernors, that ruled, commanded, and go∣uerned [ 10] them; and hee was so much feared that none durst disobey nor transgresse his will and commandement, but that they were kept and wholly fulfilled, because he punished and corrected the rebels without remission.
And in the sixteenth yeere of the reigne of Motezuma, the Mexicans had knowledge of certaine Spaniards, which were discouerers of this New Spaine, that at the end of twelue moneths there should come a fleet of Spaniard• to ouercome and conquer this Country; and the Mexicans kept account thereof, and they found it to bee true, for at the end of the said twelue moneths was the arriuall of the said fleet at a Hauen of this New Spaine, in the which fleet came Don Ferdinando Cortes, Marques del Valle, which was the seuenteenth yeere of the reign of Motezuma; and in the eighteenth yeere he made an end of the continuance of his Lordship [ 20] and Raigne: in the which yeere he dyed and departed this present life. At the time when Mo∣tezuma came to his gouernment, he was fiue and thirtie yeeres old little more or lesse,* so that at his decease he was three and fiftie yeeres of age. And straightway in the yeere after his death, this Citie of Mexico, and other Townes adjoyning, were ouercome and pacified by the said Marques del Valle, and his Confederates. And so this New Spaine was conquered and pacified.
A The number of 19. yeeres (18. yeeres of his raigne, and that other which followed in his Successor, wherin Mexico was [ 30] conquered, as you may see in the next chapter) B the fourth yeere of his raigne in which hee began his conquest. C Mote∣zuma. D the instruments of warre by which hee conquered Ach•otlan, Zozolan, Nochiz∣tlan, Tecutepec, Zulan, Tlaniz∣tlan, Huilotepec, Yepatepoc, Yztactlalocan, Chich••ualtata∣cala, [ 40] Tecaxic, Tlachinolticpac, Xoconochco, Zi•acantlan, Hu∣iztlan, Piaztlan, Molanco, Zaquantepec, Piptyoltepec, Hu∣cyapan, Tecpatlan, Amatlan, Caltepec, Pantepec, Teoazinco, Tecozauhtla, Teochiapan, Za∣catepec, Tlachquiyanhco, Ma∣linaltep•c, Quimichtepec, Yz∣quintepec, Zenzontepec, Quet∣zaltepec, [ 50] Cuezcomayxtlahua∣can, Huexolotlan, Xalapan, Xaltianhnizco, Yoloxonecuila, Atepec, Mictlan, Yztitlan, Tliltepec, Comalt•pec.
These townes were gouer∣ned by the Casiques & Prin∣cipals of Mexico, appointed by the Lords of Mexico, for the good defence and go∣uernment [ 60] of the naturall people, and for the securitie of the Townes, that they should not rebell, as also for the charge they had to gather, and command to be gathered the Rents and Tributes, that they were bound to giue and pay to the Dominion of Mexico.
Citlal•epec, Quanhtochco, Mixcoatl, Tlacatectli a Gouernour, Zo•pan••, X•ltocan, Tlacatectli a Page 1080 Gouernour, Acalhuacon, Tlacochtectli a Gouernour, Huaxac, Yzteyocan, Coatitlan, Huixachtitlan, Tlacatectl• a Gouernour, Tlacochtectli a Gouernour, Zozolan, Poetepec, Coatlayancham, Acolnahu∣as, Puputlan, Yztacolco, Chalcoatenco, Tlacochtectly a Gouernour, Tlacatecatl a Gouernour, Oz∣toma, Atzacan, Atlan, Omequuh, Tezcacoacatl a Gouernour, Tlilancalqui a Gouernour, Xoco∣nochco, Tecapotitlan.
§. II. The second part of this Booke contayning the particular Tributes which euery Towne subdued paid vnto the Lords of Mexico.
[ 10]HEre follow pictured and intituled the kinds of things, that they of Tlatilulco (which at this day is called by the Spaniards, Saint Iames) did pay in tribute to the Lords of Mexico, and the said tribute summed here, is that which followeth.
They were charged for tribute, alwayes to repaire the Church called Huiznahuac. Item, fortie great Baskets (of the bignesse of halfe a Bushell) of Cacao ground, with the Meale of Maiz (which they called Chianpinoli) and euery Basket had sixteene hundred Almonds of Ca∣cao. Item, other fortie Baskets of Chianpinoli. Item, eight hundred burthens of great Mantels. Item, eightie pieces of Armour, of slight Feathers, and as many Targets of the same Feathers, of the deuices & colours as they are pictured. All the which tribute, except the said armes and tar∣gets they gaue euery 24. dayes, and the said armes and targets they gaue for tribute but once in the whole yeere. The said tribute had his beginning since the time of Qua•htlatoa and Moqui∣huix, [ 20] which were Lords of Tlatilulco. The Lords of Mexico, which first enioyned to those of Tlatilulco, to pay tribute, and to acknowledge their subiection, were Yzcoatçi and Axiacaçi.
[ 40] A the Temple of Huizna∣huac. B 20. baskets of Cacao meale (the Eare and Meale figured) C 20. more of the [ 50] same. C 20. D 20. E 20. baskets of Chiaupinoli. F 40. peeces of Armes of this deuice. G 40. of this deuice (like the former, but that is white with blacke streakes, this yellow) H I are each 400. burthens (the •are signed 400.) of Man∣tles. K These foure like vnto flowres doe signifie foure dayes, [ 60] euery flowre 20. dayes, as they of Tlatilulco did tribute the things pictured and inti∣tuled by taxation of the Lords of Mexico. I. 40, Targets of this deuice (to expresse the difference of Page 1081 colours in each particular were too tedious.) N Tlatilulco. The names of Quauhtlatoa and Moqui∣huix Lords of Tlatilulco are added, because in their times it began; as also of Tenuxtitlan, Izcoaci and Apayacan to intimate that these two Lords of Mexico or Tenuxtitlan subdued them. The Pictures of them (as of many Townes before) were omitted: being but such descriptions of men and Townes as you haue seene alreadie.
THe Townes pictured in the two Pieces following, and summed heere be twentie three Townes as appeareth by their Titles, and they had a chiefe Gouernour appointed by the Lords of Mexico, called Petlacalcatl, although neuerthelesse, euery Towne had his Calpixque, [ 10] which is at it were a Steward or Bayliffe, whose charge was to gather the Rents & tributes that the said Townes did tribute to the Dominion of Mexico, and all the said Stewards came to the said Petlacalcatl as their Gouernor, and the things and kinds that the said townes did tribute, are these which follow, 2400. burthens of great Mantels of twisted Yarne. Eight hundred burthens of little Mantles, rich attyre, of the colours as they are pictured. Foure hundred burthens of Maxtlac, which serued for little clothes. Foure hundred burthens of Huipiles and Nagnas, all the which they gaue for tribute euery sixe moneths.
Item, They gaue fiue pieces of Armour, of rich Feathers, and as many Targets of the colours and deuices as they are pictured.
Item, They did tribute seuentie pieces of Armour of Feathers of small account, and as [ 20] many Targets of the colours and deuices as they are pictured.
Item, They tributed one Troxes of Frisoles, and another Troxe of Chian, and another Troxe of Mayz, and another of Gu•utli, which is the seed of Bletlos. All the which things of the said Armour and Targets, and Troxes of Frisoles, and the other seeds the said Townes did pay for tribute once euery yeere.
Page 1082 Petlacalcatl a Gouernour (the pictures of men and townes are heere and in the following omitted, being no other then as you haue alreadie seene) The townes are Xaxalpan, Yopico, Tepetlacalco, Tecoloa∣pan, Tepochpan, Tequemecan, Huiçilo Puchco, Colhuaçinco, Cozotlan, Tepepulan, Olac, Acapan, Cuitlahuac, Tezcacoa, Mezquis, Aochpanco, Tzapotitlan, Xico, Toyac, Tecalco, Tlacoxiuloco, Nex∣titlan.
A 400. burthens of Maxtlac of this worke, which be little clothes. B 400. burthens of Naguas, and Huipiles of this worke. C 400. burthens of great Mantels. D 400. burthens of great Man∣tels. E 400. burthens of great Mantels. F 400. burthens of little Mantels, of this worke each diuision of seuerall colours. Red, Blue, Yellow, Greene. G 400. burthens of little Mantels of this worke. H 400. burthens of great Mantels. I 400. burthens of great Mantels. K 400. burthens [ 10] of great Mantels. L A piece of Armour of this deuice of rich Feathers yeerely. M A Target of rich Feathers of this deuice. N A piece of Armour of this deuice of rich Feathers yeerely. O A Target of rich Fea•hers of this deuice. P A piece of Armour of rich Feathers of this deuice yeere∣ly. Q A Target of rich Feathers of this deuice. R A piece of Armour of rich Feathers, of this deuice yeerely. S A Target of rich Feathers of this deuice.
[ 50] A A piece of Armour of rich feathers of this deuice yeerely. B A Target of rich feathers of this deuice. C 20. pieces of Armour of this deuice yeerely they were of red feathers. D 20. Targets of feathers of this deuice. E 20. pieces of Armour of feathers of this deuice yeerely. F 20. Targets of feathers. G 20. pieces of Armour of this deuice, blue, of light feathers yeerely. H 20. Targets of [ 60] feathers of this deuice. I A Troxe of Frisoles and Chiau, one of the one kind and, and another of the other kind. K A Tro•e of Maiz and another of Guautli, which is seed of Bletl••.
Page 1083THese Townes pictured and named, ensuing and summed heere, are sixe and twentie townes, wherein from the time of their conquests by the Lords of Mexico, they had set Calpixques, as it were Bayliffes in euery of them, and in the principall Towne a Gouernour bare rule aboue all the rest, because he should mayntaine them in peace and iustice, and make them performe their tributes, and that they should not rebell. The tributes that all the said townes hereafter con∣tayned, did pay together, are these which follow.
Two thousand burthens of great Mantels twisted. Item, 1200. burthens of Canahuac, which be rich Mantels, wherewith the Lords and Casiques were clothed of the colours as they are pic∣tured. Item, 400. burthens of Maxtlactl, which be little clothes. Item, 400. burthens of Hui•∣piles and Naguas, all the which they paid for tribute twice a yeere. Item, they gaue more tri∣bute [ 10] three pieces of Armour garnished with rich feathers, and as many Targets of the colours and deuices as they are pictured, the which they gaue in the space of one yeere. Item, one hundred pieces of Armour garnished with feathers of small value, and as many Targets of the deuices and colours as they are hereafter pictured, the which they tributed once a yeere. Item, foure great Troxes of wood, full, the one of Frisoles, and another of Chian, and another of Maiz, and ano∣ther of Guantli, which is the seed of Blethos. Euery Troxe might contayne foure or fiue thou∣sand Hanegas, the which they tributed once a yeere.
Acolmecalt. Calipixque. Acolhuacan, Huiçi•••, Tololçinco, Tlachyahnalco, Tepechpa, Aztaque∣meca, Teacalco, Tonanitla, Zenpoalan, Tepetla•z•oc, Achnatepec, Tiçatep, Co•tlan, Yxquenecan, Matixco, Teneazcalapan, Tyzaincan, Tepetlapan, Caliahualco, Tecoyncan, Tlaquilpan, Quauhque∣•ecan, [ 20] Epaçuincan, Ameyalco, Quauhyocan, Ecatepec.
A 400. burthens of Mantels of this co∣lour (red) and worke (edged Blue, Greene, Red, and Yellow) B 400. bundles •f Man∣tels of this worke (Blacke and White) C Twentie pieces of Armes of rich feathers of this worke. [ 30]
[ 40] A Following two Troxes of Frisoles and Chi•n. B two Troxes, the one of Maiz, the other of Hua••li (their corne.) The rest are omitted in Picture, beeing resembled as the former, and for the Historie you haue it be∣fore.
[ 50]THe townes pictured and named, and numbred here are sixteene townes, the which townes did pay for tribute to the Lords of Mexico, the things pictured and intituled. And because they should be well ruled and gouerned, the Lords of Mexico had set Calpixques in euery town, and aboue all them for Gouernour, a principall man of Mexico; the Calpixques also were men of Mexico: which was done by the said Lords for the securitie of the townes, that they should not rebell, and also because they should minister Iustice, and liue in policie. And the said Tri∣butes that the said townes gaue as appeareth by the said Pictures, and summed heere, are those which follow.
[ 60] First, they did tribute twelue hundred burthens of great Mantels of twisted Yarne.
Item, Eight hundred burthens of small white Mantels, of the apparell which they did weare.
Item, Twelue hundred burthens of small white Mantels, richly wrought, which is apparell that the Lords and Casiques did weare.
Item, Foure hundred burthens of Maxilactle, which are small clothes that they weare.
Page 1084Item, Foure hundred burthens of Huipiles and Naguas, which is apparell for women, all the which they tribute twice a yeere; so that they gaue tribute euery sixe moneths.
Item, They did tribute eight pieces of Armour, and as many Targets garnished with rich fea∣thers of diuers colours as they are pictured, the which they paid for tribute once a yeere.
Item, Foure great Troxes of wood, full of Maiz and Frisoles, and Chian, and Hua•tli, which is the seed of Blethos, euery Troxe might contayne 5000. Hanegas or Bushels, the which they did tribute once a yeere.
Item, Eight Reames of Paper, of the Countrey, which they tributed twice a yeere; so that in all it was euery yeere sixteene thousand sheets of Paper.
Item, In euery tribute 2000. Xicharas, or drinking Cups, which they gaue twice a yeere.
The Townes were Quauhnahuac, Teocalcinco, Chimalco, Huiccilapan, Acatlicpac, Xochitepec, [ 10] Miacatla, Molotla, Coatlan, Xiuhtepec, Xoxoutla, Amacoztitlan, Yztlan, Ocpayucan, Yztepec, Atlicholoayan.
A Eight thou∣sand sheetes of Pa∣per, of the Coun∣trey. B Foure hun∣dred Xicaras, or Cup-dishes of this [ 20] worke. C Foure hundred of this worke. D Foure hundred of this worke. E Foure hundred of this worke. F Foure hundred of his worke. The colours are Yellow and Red. The rest need no presenting in Picture, beeing but as formerly is seene. [ 30]
THe townes following, and numbred here are six and twentie, which did pay tribute of the things pictured and entituled to the Lords of Mexico, and likewise there was resident a Go∣uernour, and Mexican Calipixque, as in the other townes afore mentioned, which were ordained by the Lords of Mexico. And the tributes that they payed, appearing by the Pictures are these which follow. First, they did tribute 400. burthens of Maxilactle, which are little clothes. Item, 400. burthens of Naguas & Huipiles, apparell for women. Item, 2400. burthens of great Mantles, of twisted yarne. Item, 800. burthens of rich Mantles, that the Lords and Principals of Mexico were clothed with, of the colours as they are pictured. Item, 2000. Xicaras varnished, of the colours as they be pictured. Item, 8000. Reames of Paper of the Countrey, all the which they [ 40] gaue in euery tribute, which was euery six moneths. Item, They tributed 40. pieces of Armour, and as many Targets garnished with slight feathers died of diuers colours, as appeareth by the Pictures. Item, Six pieces of Armour, and as many Targets garnished with rich feathers of the deuices and colours as they be pictured. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood like those aforesaid, ful of Maiz and Frisoles, and Chian, and Guautli, all the which they tributed once a yeere.
The townes names are Huaxtepec, Xoxhimilcaçinco, Quauhtlan, Achuchuecp•n, Anenequilco, O∣li•tepec, Quauhnitlyxco, Zoupanco, Hu•zilapan, Tlaltitcapan, Coacalco, Yzamatitla Tepoztlan, Yanhte∣pec, Yacappichtla, Tlayacapan, Xaloztoc, Tecpazino, Nepopoalco, Atlatlanca, T•tolapan, Amilzinco, Atlhuelic.
ABCDE are each of them [ 50] foure hundred Xi∣caras or Cup-dishes.
F Eight thousand sheets of Paper, the [ 60] Pictures of the rest are omitted.
Page 1058THe Townes pictured and named here are seuen, which paid tribute to the Lords of Mexico, as in the other parts aforesaid haue beene mentioned, and the things they tributed are these that follow.
First, Foure hundred burdens of Mantels of rich workes; and foure hundred burdens of plaine Mantels, of the color as they be pictured. Item, Foure thousand Petates, which are Mats, and other foure hundred backes with their seates made of Segs and other Herbs, the which they did tribute euery six moneths. Item, Two peeces of Armour, and as many Targets garnished with rich Feathers of the deuices and colours as they be pictured. Item, Fortie peeces of Armour, and as many Targets, garnished with sleight Feathers. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood of the big∣nesse of those aforesaid, full of Maiz, Frisoles, Chian and Guautly, which they gaue for tribute [ 10] once a yeare.
The Townes are Quauhtitlan, Tehuiloyocan, Ahuexoyocan, Xalapan, Tepoxaco, C•••c•mo hua∣can, Xiloçinco.
A Foure hun∣dred burthens of Mantles of this worke (coloured [ 20] with Red, Yellow, &c.) B Foure hundred burthens of Mantles of this worke (Blacke and White.) C Foure hundred burthens of this worke (all White.) D Foure thousand Mats & [ 30] foure thousand Backes: the num∣ber is intimated by the figures following, somewhat like eares of Corne, each of which signifieth foure hundred.
THe Townes pictured and named are tenne, which did paie tribute to the Lords of Mexico, as afore said, and the things that they did tribute doe follow.
First, eight hundred burdens of rich Mantles, and wrought as ap∣peareth
A Foure hundred Pots of thicke Honie of Magues: this is for the noue•• figure pictured, the rest not, being as the former in their forme.
THe number of the Townes ensuing, a•• seuen, and they did tribute to the Lords of Mexi∣co, [ 60] after the order declared in the parts aforesaid; and the things which they did tribute are those which follow.
First, Foure hundred burdens of Mantels of rich workes▪ which was apparell that the Lords and Caciques did put on. Item, Foure hundred burdens of white Mantels, with their borders of Page 1086 white and black. Item, Eight hundred burdens of great Mantels of twisted Yarne. Item, Foure hundred burdens of Chalk; all the which they did tribute euery six moneths. Item, they did tribute two pee∣ces of Armour garnished with rich Feathers, and two Targets, as ap∣peareth by the deuices and pictures. Item, Fortie peeces of Armor, and as many Targets garnished with slight Feathers, as appeareth by the pictures, deuices and titles. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood, of the bignesse of those before, the one full of Maiz, another of Frisoles, another of Clian, and another of Guantli; all of the which they did tribute once a yeare. The Townes are Atotonilco, Guapal∣calco, [ 10] Quecalmacan, Acocolco, Tehuchuec, Otlazpan, Xalac.
A 400. burthens of Chalke or Lime: the marke on the top signifieth 400. the figure is the forme of their burthen. Other figures neede not be presented.
THe number of the Townes following, are nine, according as they be pictured and named. And they paid tribute as fol∣loweth.
First, foure hundred burdens of Mantels of rich workes, which [ 20] the Lords and Casiques did put on. Item, Foure hundred burdens of white Mantels, with their edge of white and blacke. Item, eight hundred burdens of white Mantels of Enequen. Item, Foure hun∣dred Pots of thicke Honie of Maguez. All the which they tribu∣ted euery six moneths. Item, Two peeces of Armour, and as many Targets, garnished with rich Feathers, of the colours and deuises as they be pictured & intituled. Item, threescore peeces of Armor, and as many Targets, garnished with slight Feathers, of the colours and deuises as they be entituled and pictured. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood, of the bignesse aforesaid full, the one of Mays, and another [ 30] of Frisoles, another of Chian, and another of Guautly. All the which they tributed once a yeare. The Townes are Hu•ypuchtla, Xalac, Tequix••iac, 〈◊〉, Xical•••can, X•m•yocan, Acayocan, Tezcatepetonco, Atocpan.
A 400. Pots of Honie of Maguez, paid euery six moneths.
THe number of the Townes follow∣ing be six: and they paid tribute as followeth.
First, Eight hundred burdens of rich [ 40] Mantels apparel that the Lords of Mexi∣co did cloath themselues with, as appea∣reth in the said side by the pictures and titles. Item, One thousand six hundred burdens of white Mantels of Enequen; all the which they did tribute to the Lords of Mexico euery six moneths. I∣tem, Foure peeces of Armour, and as ma∣ny Targets, garnished with rich Feathers of the colours and deuises as they are pi∣ctured [ 50] and intituled. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood, of the bignesse of the o∣ther, full of Maiz, Frisoles, Chian, and Guautly. All the which they did tribute once a yeare. The Townes are Atoio∣nilco, Acaxochitla, Xuachquecaloyan, Hue∣yapan, Itzihuinquilocan, Tulancingo.
A Foure hundred burthens of rich Man∣tles of this worke. B Foure hundred bur∣thens of rich Mantels of this worke. C Two troxes, one of Mays, the other of Chian. [ 60] D Two troxes, the one of Frisoles, the other of Guantli Other pictures are omitted, be∣ing like the former.
Page 1087THe number of the Townes are seuen: and they paid tribute as followeth. First, 400. bur∣thens of very rich Naguas and Huipiles, which is apparell for women. Item, 400. burthens of rich Mantels, Lords apparell. Item, 400. burthens of Naguas wrought. Item, 800. burthens of rich Mantels. Item, 400. burthens of rich small Mantels. Item, 400. burthens of Mantels drawne through the middle with red: all the which they tributed euery sixe moneths.
Item, A liuing Eagle, two, three, or more, according as they could finde them. Item, two pie∣ces of Armour and two Targets, garnished with rich feathers, of the deuice and colour as they are pictured. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood, full of Maiz, Frisoles, Chian, and Guautli: all the [ 10] which they tributed once a yeere. The townes names are Xilotepec, Tlachco, Tzayanalquilpa, My∣chnaloyan, Tepetitlan, Acaxochytla, Tecocauhtlan.
[ 20] [ 30] A 400. burthens of very rich Naguas and Huipiles. B 400. burthens of rich Mantels of this worke. C 400. burthens of Naguas of this worke. D 400. burthens of rich Mantels of this worke. E 400. burthens of rich Mantels of this worke. F A liue Eagle that they brought in euery tribute, sometimes [ 40] three, other times foure, and other times more or lesse.
THe number of the Townes following are thirteene. And they payed tribute as fol∣loweth.
First, 800. burthens of rich small Mantles of this worke, as they be pictured. Item, 800. burthens of small, of E••quen: all the which they did tribute euery sixe moneths.
Item, A piece of Armour and a Target garnished with rich feathers. Item, Fortie pieces of [ 50] Armour and as many Targets garnished with slight feathers: the which Armour they tributed once a yeere.
Item, Foure great Troxes of wood of the bignesse aforesaid, full of Maiz, Frisoles, Chian, and Guautly, which likewise they tributed once a yeere.
Item, 1200. burthens of wood, which they tributed euery foure dayes. Item, 1200. great Beames of Timber, which they tributed euery foure dayes. Item, 2400. great Boards or Planks, which they tributed euery foure dayes. The Townes are, Qua•••ocan, Tecpa, Chapolnoloyan, Tlalatlauco, Ac•xochic, Ameyalco, Ocotepec, Huizquilocan, Coatepec, Quauhpanoayan, Tlalachco, Chichciquauhtla, Huitziçilapan.
[ 60][ 10] [ 20] A 400. burthens of wood. A 400. burthens of wood. A 400. burthens of wood. B 400. great beames▪ or pieces of timber B 400. great beames. B 400. great beames. C 400. great plankes of timber: C 400. great plankes of timber. C 400. great boards of timber. D 400. quarters of timber. D 400. quarters of timber. D 400. quarters of timber.
THe number of the townes pictured are twelue. And they tributed as followeth. First, 400. burthens of Cotton-wooll, Mantles white with an edge of Greene, Yellow, Red, and Oliue colour. Item, 400. burthens of Mantles of Enequen, wrought and spotted, with Red, White and Blacke. Item, 1200. burthens of white Mantles of Enequen: all the which they tri∣bu•ed [ 30] euery six moneths. Item, two pieces of Armour, and as many Targets garnished with rich feathers of the colours and deuices as they are pictured. Item, twentie pieces of Armour, with as many Targets, garnished with slight feathers of the colours and deuices as they are pictured. Item, six great Troxes of wood of the bignesse aforesaid, full of Frisoles, Maiz, Chian, and Guautly: All the which they tributed once a yeere.
The townes names are Tuluca, Calixtlahuacan, Xicaltepec, Tepetl•uiacan, Mytepec, Capulteo∣pan, Metepec, Cacalomaca, Calymayan, Teoteuanco, Zepemaxalco, Zoqui•zinco.
[ 40]A 400. burthens of Cot∣ton-wooll-mantles of this worke. B 400. burthens of Mantles of Enequen, of this worke.
[ 50]
C Two Troxes, the one of Maiz, and the other of Chian. D Two Troxes of Frisoles & Guautly. E Two Troxes, the one of Maiz, and the other of Chian. [ 60]
Page 1089THe number of the townes intituled and pictured, are sixe. And they paid tribute as fol∣loweth.
First, they did tribute
Item, 400. burthens of Cotton-wooll Mantles [ 10] rich, of the worke as they be pictured. B.
Item, 400. rich Man∣tles of Enequen, of this worke pictured. C.
Item, 2000. Loaues of fine white Salt refined & made in long moulds, as letter D each of which signifie 400. (as the Eare [ 20] aboue declares.) It was spent only for the Lords of Mexico, all the which they tributed euery sixe moneths.
Item, a piece of Armor with a Target of rich fea∣thers, of the colours and deuices as they be pictu∣red. Item, Twentie pie∣ces [ 30] of Armour, and as many Targets garnished with slight feathers of the deuices and colours as they are pictured. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood, of the bign•sse of those before full of Maiz, Frisoles, Chian, and Guautly. All the which they tributed once a yeere.
The Townes, Ocuilan, Tenantinco, Tequaloyan, Tenatinho, Coatepec, Zincozcar.
[ 40]THe number of the
Item, 400. burthens of [ 50] wrought Mantles of Ene∣quen, all the which they tributed euery sixe mo∣neths.
Item, They tributed once a yeere eight great Troxes of wood, of the bignesse aforesaid, two of Maiz, two of Frisoles, two of Chian, and two of Guautly. The townes were Maly∣nalco, Zonpahnacan, Xocotitlan.
[ 60]THe number of the Townes following are ten, of a hot Countrey, and they paid tribute as followeth.
First, 400. burthens of rich Mantles made of Cotton-wooll, of the worke as they be pictu∣red. Item, 400. burthens of Naguas and Huipiles. Item, 1200. burthens of white Mantles of smooth and safe Enequen. All the which they did tribute euery six moneths.
Page 1090Item, 200. pots of Bees Honey. Item, 1200. Xicaras varnished Yellow. Item, 400. Baskets of white Copale for perfumes. Item, 8000. lumpes of vnrefined Copale, wrapt in the leaues of a Palme tree. All the which they tributed euery 400. dayes. Item, Two pieces of Armour, and as many Targets garnished with rich feathers, of the deuice and colour as they are pictured. Item, Two great Troxes of wood of the bignesse of those aforesaid, full, the one of Maiz, and the other of Chian. All the which they doe tribute once a yeere.
The Townes are Tlachco, Acamylixtlahuacan, Chontalcoatlan, Teticpac, Nochtepec, Teotlizto∣can, Tlamacazapan, Tepexahnalco, Tzicapuçalco, Tetenanco.
A 200. pots of Honey, the marke ouer each pot signifieth the number of [ 10] twentie. [ 20]
B 400. Baskets of Co∣pall refined. [ 30]
C 8000. lumps of Copall vnrefined, wrapped in the leaues of a Date Tree: the vpper Figure signifieth the Copall, the later (like a Purse with three Tassells or Targets annexed) is the Character of eight thou∣sand, as before in the sheets [ 40] of Paper is seene.
THe number of the Townes of the hot Countrey pictured, are fourteene Townes. And they paid tribute as followeth,
First, 400. burthens of quilted Mantles. Item, 400. burthens of Mantles striped with blacke and white. Item, 400. burthens of rich Mantles. Item, 400. burthens of Naguas and Huipiles. Item, 400. burthens of white Mantles. Item, 1600. burthens of great Mantles. All the which they did tribute euery sixe moneths.
Item, They tributed 100. Hatchets of Copper. Item, 1200. Xicaras of yellow varnish. Item, [ 50] 200. pots of Bees Honey. Item, 400. little baskets of white Copall for Perfumes. Item, 8000. lumps of Copall vnrefined, which was spent likewise for Perfumes. All the which they tributed euery foure dayes.
Item, Two pieces of Armour, with their Targets garnished with rich feathers of this deuice, as they be pictured. Item, Twentie pieces of Armour with their Targets, garnished with slight feathers.
Item, Fiue strings of rich Bead-stones, which they call Chalchihuitl. Item, Foure great Tro∣xes of wood, of the bignesse of those before full of Maiz, Frisoles, Chian, and Guautly; all the which they tributed once a yeere.
The Townes names are Tepequacuilco, Chilapan, Ohnapan, Huitzoco, Tlachimalacac, Yoallan, [ 60] Cocolan, Atenanco, Chilacachapan, Telogoapan, Oztoma, Ychcliteopan, Alahuiztlan, Cueçalan.
[ 10] [ 20] A The Hatchets, the forme below, the number aboue each signifying 20. B 400. little Baskets of white Copall, C Fiue strings of stones. D 8000. lumps of Copall vnrefined. E 200. Pots of Honey.
THe num∣ber
First, sixteene hundered bur∣thens of great Mantles, listed with Orange-tawnie, as is seene in the let∣ters ABCD each marked 400. Item, 1400 [ 50] burdens of great Mantles of twi∣sted yarne. Item, 400. burthens of Cacao, of brown colour, as in let∣ter E. Item, 400. packes of Cotton-wooll, marked Letter [ 60] F. Item, 400. Conchas, which are red shels of the Sea, (mar∣ked GH. each 400.) after the fashion of Veneras, all the which they tributed euery sixe mo∣neths.
Page 1092The townes are Cihnatlan, Colima, Panotlan, Nochcoc, Yztapan, Petlatlan, Xihnacan, Apancale∣can, Coçohnipilecan, Coyucac, Zacatulan, Xolochuthyan.
Item, Twenty Xicaras full of Gold in powder, and euery Xicara might con∣tayne two handfuls, with both hands let∣ter [ 20] D.
Item, tenne Plates of Gold of foure fin∣gers broad, and three quarters of a yard long, and as thicke as Parchment figured heere, ABC, all the which they tributed once a yeere.
The townes names Tlapan, Xocatlan, Ychcatepecpan, Amaxac, Ahuacatla, Aco∣cozpan, Yoalan, Ocoapan, Huitzamela, A∣cuitlapan, Malynaltepec, Totomixtlahuacan, [ 30] Tetenanco, Chipetlan.
First, 400. burthens of great Mantles.
Item, 100. pots of Bees hony.
Item, Twentie pannes of Te∣coçahuitl, which is a yellow var∣nish wherewith they painted themselues (here figured, Letter A) which they tributed euery six moneths. [ 50]
Item, A piece of Armour with a Target garnished with rich fea∣thers, which they tributed once a yeere.
The Townes are, Tlalcocauhtitlan, Tolymany, Quauhtecoma, Ychcatlan, Tepoztitlan, Achnaçi∣çinco, Mitzinco, Cacatla.
[ 60]THe Townes pictured and Intituled in the second partition, are sixe, and they being of a hot Countrey, tributed as followeth.
First, 400. burthens of great Mantles. Item, Fortie great Belles of Copper. Item, Foure Copper Hatchets: both represented in the Picture, C Bels D Hatchets.
Page 1093Item, One hundred Pots of Bees Honie: all the which they tributed euery six moneths. I∣tem, A peece of Armour with a Target of rich Feathers. Item, A little Panne full of small Turkess Stones: figured letter B. All the which they tributed once a yeare.*
The Townes names are Quianhte•pan, Olynalan, Quanhtecomatla, Qualac, Ychcatla, Xala.
THe Townes pictured and intituled in the third partition, are six Townes of the hot Coun∣trie; and they did tribute as followeth.
[ 10] First, 400. burdens of great Mantels. Item, 100. Pots of Bees Honie, which they tribu∣ted euery sixe moneths. Item, A peece of Armour with his Target garnished with rich Fea∣thers, of the deuice and colour as it is pictured. Item, Fortie Plates of Gold, of the bignesse of a Cake, and a finger thicke, figured letter E.* Each Cake with his vane intimating twen∣ty. Item, Tenne halfe faces of rich blew Turkey Stones.*
Item, A great Trusse full of the said Turkey Stones; figured letter F. All the which they tribute• once a yeare.
[ 20]
The sixe Townes are Yoaltepec, Xhnacalco, Tzi•acaapan, Patlanalan, Yxicayan, Ychçaa∣toyac.
THe number of the Townes following are six, and they paid tribute as followeth. First, 800. burdens of great Mantels, which they tributed euery six moneths. Item, they tribu∣ted two peeces of Armour with their Targets garnished with rich Feathers of the colours as [ 40] they are pictured. Item, Eight great Troxes, of the bignesse of those before, full of Maiz, Fri∣zoles, Chian, and Guautly. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood, of the said bignesse, full of Maiz, All the which they tributed once a yeare. The Townes are Chalco, Tecmilco, Tepuztlan, Xocoyol∣tepec, Malynaltepec, Quauxumulco.
THe number of the Townes of the hot Countries pictured in the next partition are two and twenty: and in euery Towne there was placed Mexican calpixques, and the same order, rule, and gouernment as in the other Townes and Prouinces heretofore declared. And so is it to [ 50] be vnderstood was the state and gouernment of all the other Townes hereafter named, though for breuities sake it is not rehearsed any more. And the things which these Townes did pay for tribute to the Lords of Mexico, are these following.
First, They tributed 4000. burdens of Lime. Item, 4000. burdens of Massie Cane Staues, which they called Otlatl. Item, 8000. burdens of Canes, whereof the Mexicans made Darts for the wars. Item, 800. Deere Skins. Item, 8000. burdens of Acayatl, which are Perfumes which the Indians vse for the mouth. Item, 200. Cacaxtles, which are frames like to Pannels, wherewith the Indians carry burdens on their backes: all the which they tributed euery foure dayes. Item, Foure great Troxes of wood of the measures and greatnesse of those before declared, full, two with Maiz and two with Frisoles, the which they tributed once a yeare.
[ 60] The Townes names are Tepeacan, Quechulac, Tecamachalco, Acatzinco, Tecolco, Yccohinanco, Quauhtinchan, Chictlan, Quatlatlanhcan, Tepixic, Ytzucan, Quauhquechulan, Teonochtitlan, Huechuetlan, Tetenanco, Coat-Teopantlan, zinco, Xpatlan, Nacochtlan, Chiltecpintlan, Oztotla∣pechco, Atczcah•acan.
[ 10] [ 20] [ 30] [ 40] A A Target and Club which they vsed for a Sword, garnished with Rasors points. B 4000. burthens of Lime. C 800. Deere skinnes. D 4000. burthens of Cane Staues. E 8000. burthens of Canes to make Darts. F 8000. burthens of Acayetl. G 200. Cacaxtles.
THe number of the Townes of the warme and temperate Countries pictured and intituled in the next figures are eleuen: and that which they did tribute followeth.
First, 400. burdens of quilted Mantels of rich worke. Item, 400. burdens of Mantels striped [ 50] red and white. Item, 400. bu•dens of Mantels striped red and blacke.
Item, 400. burdens of Maxtlaetl, which serued the Indians for little cloathes, or girdles.
Item, 400. burdens of Guipiles, and Naguas. All the which they tributed to the Lords of Mexico euery six moneths.
Item, They tributed two pieces of Armour, and as many Targets, garnished with rich Fea∣thers, of the colours and deuises as they are pictured; letter A.
Item, Two strings of the Bead-stones of Chalchihnitl; rich Stones, greene: letter B. Item, 800. hands full of large and rich greene Feathers, which they call Quecaly, letter D. Item, A peece of Tlalpilony of rich Feathers, which serued for a royall Banner, of the fashion pictured: letter F. [ 60]
Item, Fortie sacks of Graine, which they call the Graine of Cochinilla: Letter C. Item, Twenty Xicaras of Gold in dust,* of the finest: letter E. All the which they tributed once a yeare.
The Townes names are Coayx tlahuacan, Texo∣pan, Tamaçola∣dan, Zancuitlan, Tepuzcululan, Nochiztlan, Xal∣tepec, Tamaçolan Mictlan, Coax∣omalo, [ 10] Cuicatla. [ 20] [ 30]
THe number of the Townes of warme and temperate Countries, pictured and entituled in the next diuision, are eleuen Townes: And they tributed as followeth.
First, They did tribute 400. burthen of quilted Mantels of rich worke. Item, 800. burthens of great Mantels, the which they tributed to the Lords of Mexico euery six moneths. Item
Page 1096THe number of the Townes of warme and temperate Countries, pictured and intituled in the next figure, are two and twentie. And the things which they did tribute to the Lords of Mexico, are these that follow.
First, they did tribute 1600. burthens of rich Mantels, apparell which the Lords and Casiques did weare. Item, 800. burthens of Mantels listed with red, white, and greene. Item, 400. bur∣thens of Naguas and Huipiles: all the which they tributed euery sixe moneths. Item, They tri∣buted a piece of Armour with a Target garnished with rich feathers, with this deuice of a Bird and colours as are pictured letter A. Item,* a Target of gold, letter B. Item, a deuice for Armour like a wing of rich yellow feathers, letter O. Item, a Diadem of gold of the fashion as is pictu∣red letter D. Item, a border of gold for the head of a hand breadth, and of thicknesse as parch∣ment, letter E. Item, two strings of Beades, and a collar of gold FG. Item, three great rich [ 10] stones of Chalchihnitl HIK.* Item, three strings of round beades rich stones of Chalchihnitl. LMN. Item, foure strings of beades of Chalchihnitl, rich stones. Item, twentie Beçotes of cleere Amber garnished with gold,* letter T. Item, other twentie Beçotes of Beriles or cristall V. Item, 80. handfuls of greene rich feathers, which they call Queçaly W. Item, foure pieces of greene rich feathers like hands full, garnished with yellow rich feathers PQRS. Item, 8000. hands full of rich Turquesed feathers a. Item, 8000. hands full of rich red feathers b. Item, 8000. hands full of rich greene feathers c. Item, 100. Pots or Cauters of fine liquid Amber d. Item, 200. burthens of Cacao, letter Z. Item, 1600. round lumps like balls of Oly, which is a gumme of trees, and casting the said balls on the ground, they doe leape vp very high, letter X. all the which they tributed once a yeere. The Townes are Tochtepec, Xayaco, Otlahtlan, Coçamaloapan, [ 20] Mixtlan, Michapan, Ay•tzintepec, Michtlan, Teotilan, Oxitlan, Tzynacanoztoc, Tototepec, Chi∣nantlan, Ayoçintepec, Cuezcomatitlan, Puetlan, Teteutlan, Yxmatlatlan, Ayotlan, Toztlan, Tlacotlalpan.
Page 1097THe number of the Townes of the warme Countries, pictured and intituled in the next par∣tition are eight. And the things which they tributed to the Lords of Mexico, are these that follow.
First, two great strings of Chalchihnitl rich stones. Item, 1400. handfuls of rich feathers blue, red, greene, turkesed, red and greene, as they are pictured in six handfuls, ABCDEF.
Item, Foure whole skinnes of birds of rich turkesed feathers, with murry breasts, of the colours as they are pictured G. Item, other foure whole skinnes of the said birds L. Item, 800. handfuls of rich yellow feathers HM.
Item, 800. hands full of large rich greene feathers, which they call Queçaly IN. Item, Two Beçotes of cleere Amber garnished with gold KO. Item, 200. burthens of Cacao PR.
[ 10] Item, Fortie Tigres skinnes QS. Item, 800. rich Tecomates wherein they drinke Cacao TV. Item, Two great pieces of cleere Amber of the bignesse of a bricke WX. All which they tributed euery sixe moneths.*
The Townes names are Xoconochco, Oyotlan, Coyoacan, Mapachtepec, Macatlan, Huiz∣tlan, Acapetlatlan, Huehuetlan.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50]
THe number of the Townes of warme and temperate Countryes in the next picture, are seuen. And the things that they tributed to the Lords of Mexico, are these that follow.
First, 400. burthens of great Mantels, which they tributed euery sixe moneths. Item, Twentie burthens of Cacao.
Page 1098*Item, 1600. Packs of Cotton wooll (represented ABCD. each marked foure hundred) all the which they tributed once a yeere. The Townes are Quanhtochco, Teuhçoltzapotlan, To∣totlan, Tuchconco, Ahnilyzapan, Quauhtetelco, Ytzteyocan.
First, 400. burthens of Guipiles & Naguas, which is womens apparell A. I∣tem, 400. burthens of Man∣tels halfe quilted C. Item, 400. burthens of litle Man∣tels, with a white & black edge B. Item, 400. bur∣thens [ 40] of Mantels of foure Bracas euery Mantell, halfe listed with black & white, and halfe after the fashion of netvvorke of blacke and white D. Item, 400. bur∣thens of great white Man∣tels, of foure Bracas euery Mantell. Item, 160. bur∣thens of very rich Mantels wrought, apparell for the [ 50] Lords & Casiques. Item, 1002 burthens of Mantels listed more with white then with blacke: all the which they tr•buted euery sixe moneths. Item, Two ri•h pieces of Armor with their targets garnished with rich feathers, according as they are pictured. Item, A string of Chilchihnitl rich stones K. Item, 400. handfull of rich large greene feathers, which they call Queçaly E. Item, Twentie Beçotes of Be∣riles [ 60] or Cristall shadowed blue, and set in gold F. Item, Twentie Beçotes of cleere Amber gar∣nished with gold G.* Item, 200. burthens of Cacao H. Item, a Quezalclalpilons of rich greene feathers of Quezaly, which serued to the Lords of Mexico for a Royall Ensigne, of the making as it is pictured I. All the which they tributed once a yeer•.
Page 1099The Townes are Cuetlaxtlan, Mictlanquauhtla, Tlapanicytlan, Oxichan, Acoz∣pan, Teoziocan.
THe number of the Townes, contayned, pictured, and intituled in the next diuision, are seuen Townes. And the things which they tributed to the Lords of Mexico, are these that follow.
First, 400. burthens of Mantels listed blacke and white A. Item, 800. burthens of great white Mantels, the which they tributed euery sixe moneths.
[ 10] Item, They tributed once a yeere two pieces of Armour with their Targets, garnished with rich feathers of the deuice and sorts as they are pictured. B Armour. C Shield▪
The Townes are Tlapacoyan, Xolo•ochitlan, Xochiquauhtitlan, Tuchtlan, Coapan, Azi•a∣pan, Acaçacatla.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40]
THe number of the Townes pictured next are e∣leuen.
First, 1600. burthens of Mantels listed blacke and white A. Item, 8000. loaues or lumps of liquid Am∣ber [ 50] for perfumes, which they call Xochiococotl (B is 8000. C the lump of Amber) all which they tribu∣ted euery sixe moneths.
Item, They tributed two pieces of Armour with their Shields, garnished with rich feathers, of the fashion as they are pictured, which they tributed once a yeere.
The Townes are Tlatlauhquitepec, At•nco, Tezui∣tlan, Ayutuchco, Yayanquitlalpa, Xonoctla, Teotlalpan, [ 60] Ytztepec, Yxcoyamec, Yaonahuac, Caltepec.
Page 1100THe number of the Townes pictured and entituled in the next side are seuen Townes. And the things which they tributed to the Lords of Mexico, are these which follow.
Page 1101THe Towne of Oxitipan, did tri∣bute
CTzicoac, Molanco,
§. III. The third part of this Booke containeth the priuate behauiour in Mariages, education of Children, and Trades; with the Martiall, Ecclesiastike, and Ciuill policie of the MEXICAN people.
A Relation of the manner and custome that the naturall Mexicans had when either a Boy or Girle was borne vnto them. The vse and ceremonies in giuing names to their children, and afterwards to dedicate and offer them either to the Church, or else to the [ 10] warres, according as by the pictures is signified, and briefly declared.
The Woman being deliuered, they laid the childe in a Cradle, according as is pictured, & foure dayes after the birth of the childe the Midwife tooke it in her armes naked, & brought it forth to the yard of the childe wiues house; and in the yard were prepared Bulrushes or Sedges, which they call Tule,* and they set vpon them a little pan of water, wherein the said Midwife washed the said childe: after it is washed, three Boyes, which are set by the said Bulrushes, eating tosted Maiz, mingled with sodden Frisoles, which they •alled Yxicue foode, the which foode made
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50] A The woman that is deliuered. B These foure Roses signifie foure dayes wherein the Midwife brought forth the childe that was lately borne to wash. C The cradle with the childe. D The Mid∣wife. E The signes, instruments, and the bond (Shield and Darts) FGH the three Boies which name the childe. I The Bulrushes with the pan of water. K The Broome. L The Spindell and [ 60] the Distaffe. M The Basket. N The high Priest. O The childe in his cradle which his Parents offer in the Temple. P The Master or Teacher of boyes and yong men. Q The childes Father. R The childes Mother. Page 1103 ready, was set in a little pan before the said Boyes, that they might eate it. And after the said bathing or washing, the said Midwife aduertised the said Boyes, that they should with a loud voice giue a new name vnto the childe that she had so washed, and the name that they gaue it was that which the Midwife would impose.
When the childe was brought forth to wash, if it be a man childe they bring him forth with his signe in his hand, and the signe is the Instrument wherewith his Father did exercise himselfe, as well in the Military art, as other arts, as of a Goldsmith, a Grauer, or any other office whatsoe∣uer: And after they had done all the aforesaid, the Midwife brings the childe to his Mother. And if it be a woman-childe, the signe wherewith they bring her to wash, is a Distaffe, a Spindel, a Basket, and a handfull of Broome; which are the things wherewith she should exercise her [ 10] selfe, being of age thereto.
And the bond of the Manchilde with a Shield and Darts for a signe which he brings with him when they bring him for to wash; they offer it to that part and place where are likely to happen warres with his enemies, where they burie it vnder ground. And so likewise of the Woman-childe, her bond they buried vnder the Metate, which is a stone to grinde Cakes vpon.
And after the aforesaid, at the end of twenty dayes, the childes Parents went with the childe to the Temple or Mixquita, which they called Calmecac,* and in the presence of the Priests they presented the childe with his offering of Mantels, and Mastelles and some meate: And af∣ter the childe being brought vp by his Parents, and being of age, they committed the childe to [ 20] the high Priest of the said Temple, because there he might be taught that hereafter he might be a Priest.
And if the childes Parents were determined that he (being of age) should serue in warlike affaires, then straight way they offered him to the Master thereof, making him a promise of him (the Master of Boyes and yong men they called Tea•hcauch or Telp•chtlato) which offe∣ring was made with his present of meate and other things for the celebrating thereof. And the childe being of age, they committed him to the said Master.
THe declaration of the pictures contained in the deuision following, wherein is declared at [ 30] what age, and in what manner the naturall Parents did giue counsell to their children, how they ought to liue, as successiuely is pictured in foure partitions, and so the foure partitions of this side are declared in order which are these that follow.
1 The first partition, wherein is declared how that the Parents corrected, their children, in gi∣uing them good counsell when they were three years of age; and the portion of meate that they gaue them euery meale was halfe a cake of bread.
2 The second partition wherein is pictured in what things the Parents did instruct their children when they were of the age of foure yeares, and how they began to exercise them to serue in small things. And the portion of meate which they gaue them at a meale, was a whole Cake.
[ 40][ 50] [ 60] A The Boy his Father. B Three yeares of age. C The Boy. D Halfe a Cake. E The Girle her Mother. F Halfe a Cake. G A Girle of three yeares of age. H The Father of the Boy. I A Boy of foure yeares of age. K A Cake. L The Mother of the Girle. M A Cake. N A Girle of foure yeare of age. * A Spindell with a locke of cotten wooll lying on a Mat.
Page 11043 The third partition, wherein is shewed that the Parents did exercise their children in bo∣dily labour at fiue yeares of age, in loding their Sonnes with Wood and other things in small burdens, of small weight, and to carry packes of small weight to the Tyangues, or Market place. And they exercised their Daughters of that age, in shewing them how they should handle the Spindell and Distaffe for to spin. And their allowance of meate was a whole Cake of Bread.
4 The fourth partition, wherein is pictured how the Parents instructed their children of six yeares old, and exercised and occupied them in bodily seruice, that they might profit their Pa∣rents in some thing, as in the Tyangues, which are Market-places that they might gather from the ground, the cornes of Maiz and Frisoles that were spilt there by him, and other small things that the buyers and others had left and spilt there. And this was the Boies worke. But the Girles were put to spinne and to doe other profitable seruices, because in time to come, by meanes of [ 10] the said seruices and occupations, they should not spend their time idelly, and should auoide euill v•ces that are wont to grow through idlenesse. And the allowance of meate that they gaue to their children was a Cake and a halfe of Bread.
[ 20] [ 30] O The Father of the Boyes. P Two Boyes of fiue yeares of age▪ Q A Cake. R A Cake. S The Mother of the Girle holding the Spindle and Rocke. T A Cake. V A Girle of fiue yeares old. W The Father of the two Boyes. Two Boyes of six yeares old. X A Cake and a halfe. Y The mother of the Girle. Z A Cake and a halfe. A Girle of six yeares old spinning Cotten wooll.
[ 40]A Declaration of the figure following, wherein is shewed, at what age and in what things the naturall people of Mexico did instruct their children, and in what manner they corre∣cted them, that they should auoide all idlenesse, and alwayes should be exercised in some profita∣ble things, as successiuely is pictured in foure partitions.
1 The first partition, wherein is pictured how the Parents vse their children of seuen yeares old that is the men children they applyed them in giuing them their fishing Nets. And the Mo∣thers did exercise their Daughters in spinning and in giuing them good counsell that they should alwayes apply and occupie their time in doing some thing for to auoide idlenesse. And the al∣lowance of meate that they gaue to their children at euery meale was a Cake and a halfe of Bread. [ 50]
[ 60] A The Father of the Boyes. B These seuen spots of blew signifie seuen yeares. CF A Cake and a halfe. D A Boy of seuen yeares old, whose Father sheweth him how he should fish with the net he hath in his hand. E The mother of the children. G A Girle of seuen yeares old, whose mother is teaching her to spinne.
Page 11052 The second partition: Wherein is pictured, how the Parents did chasten their children of the age of eight yeeres, in laying before them with terrors and feares the thornes of Magu••, that in being negligent and disobedient to their Parents they should bee chastned with the said thornes, and so for very feare they wept▪ as by the pictures of this partition is signified. And their allowance for a meale, which they gaue them by measure, was a Cake and a halfe.
3 The third partition: Wherein is pictured, how the parents punished their children of nine yeeres of age, because they were disobedient and rebellious to their fathers, they did cha∣stise them with the said thornes of Maguez, binding them naked hand and foot, they thrust the said thornes into their body and shoulders. And they pricked onely the wrists and hands of the Girles with the said thornes▪ as in the said partition is pictured. And their allowance euery [ 10] meale was a Cake and a halfe of bread.
4 The fourth partition: Wherein is pictured, how the parents chastised their children of ten yeeres of age, that is, being rebellious they did chastise them in beating them with a cudgell, and threatning them otherwise as in the fourth partition is pictured. And the allowance which they had giuen them at a meale, was a Cake and a halfe.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] H The father of the children contayned in this row. I These eight spots signifie eight yeeres. KN a cake and a halfe. L a Boy of eight yeeres old, whose father is threatning him that he be not vnhappy, because he will chastise him in thrusting thornes of Maguez into his body. M The mother of the chil∣dren contayned in this row. LO Thornes of Maguez. P a Girle of eight yeeres old, whom her mother [ 50,] threatneth her with thornes of Maguez, that shee bee not vnhappy. Q The father of the children contayned in this side. RW a Cake and a halfe. S These nine spots signifie nine yeeres. T a Boy of nine yeeres old, because he is incorrectible, his father thrusteth thornes of Maguez into his body. V The mother of the children contayned in this row. X a Girle of nine yeeres old, that for her negli∣gence and idlenesse, her mother did chastise her in pricking her hands with thornes of Maguez. Y These ten spots signifie ten yeeres. X The father of the children contayned in this row. ZB a cake and a halfe. A The mother of the children contayned in this row. & a Boy of ten yeeres old, whom his father is chas••sing with a cudgell staffe. C a Girle of ten yeeres, whom her mother is chastising in bea∣ting her with a cudgell staffe. [ 60]
1. A Declaration of the first partition of the picture following. The Boy or Girle of eleuen yeeres old, which would not bee reformed with wordes nor stripes, their parents did chastise, giuing them into the Nose the smoke of Axi, which was a grieuous and cruell torment, to the intent they should be reformed and not be vicious persons and vagabonds, but should em∣ploy and spend their time in profitable things. And to the children of that age they gaue bread, which are cakes, by measure, only a cake & a halfe at a meale, because they should not be gluttons.
Page 11062 In the second partition; The Boy or Girle of the age of twelue yeeres, which would not receiue quietly counsell nor correction at their Fathers hands; the Father tooke that Boy and tyed him hand and foot naked, and stretched him on the ground in a dirtie wet place, where he •ay so a whole day, because he should be chastised and feared thereby. And the Girle of that age, her Mother made her serue, so that in the night before it were day shee should sweepe all the house and the street, and that alwayes shee might be occupied in bodily seruice. And so likewise their Parents gaue them meat by measure a Cake and a halfe euery meale.
3 In the third partition, the Boy or Girle of thirteene yeeres old, their Fathers employed in bringing wood from the Mountaine, and with a Canoa-boat to bring boughs and other herbs for the seruice of the house. And the Girles should grinde and make Cakes and other mea•es for their Parents. And they gaue their children meat by measure, two Cakes euery meale. [ 10]
4 In the fourth partition; The Boy or Girle of fourteene yeeres old, their Parents did im∣ploy in fishing in Lakes and Riuers with his Canoa. And the Girle was set to weaue yarne of whatsoeuer sort for apparell. And they gaue them to eate two Cakes by measure.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50] A These eleuen spots of blue signifie eleuen yeeres. B The father of the children. C a Boy of eleuen yeeres old, whose father is chastising him, smoking him at the Nose with Axi dried. D a Cake and a halfe. E a fume or smoke of Axi or Pep∣per, which the Cutter hath not so well expressed. F The mother of the children. G a Girle of eleuen yeeres old, whose mother is chastising her smoking her at the Nose with Axi. H a Cake and a halfe. I a perfume of Axi. K The father of the children. L twelue yeeres. M a Cake and a halfe. N a Boy of twelue yeeres old, tyed hand and foot and laid a whole day on the wet and moist ground. O The mother of the children. P This picture signifieth the night. Q a Cake and a halfe. R a Girle of twelue yeeres old that is sweeping in the night time. S The father of the children. T Thirteene yeeres. V a [ 60] Boy of thirteene yeeres old laden with Sedges. W a Boy of thirteene yeeres which carrieth Sedges in his Canoa. X a Canoa with burdens of Z Canes or Tule. Y Two cakes. Aa The mother of the children. Bb a Girle of thirteene yeeres, which is grinding and making of Cakes, and dressing meat. Cc Two Cakes. Dd a Porenger. Ee Comaly Ff Two Cakes. Gg a pot of boyled meat. Hh Fourteene yeeres. Ii The father of the children. Kk Ll a Boy of fourteene yeeres which goeth a fishing with his Canoa. Mm Two Cakes. Nn The mother. Oo a Girle of fourteene ye•res weauing. Pp Two Cakes. Qq The cloth that shee weaueth.
Page 11071 THat which is pictured in the first partition, doth signifie that the Father hauing two sonnes young men, of yeeres able to serue, brought them to the two houses that are pictured, either to the Masters house that did teach and instruct yong men, or else to the Temple, according as the youths were inclined, and so committed them either to the high Priests, or else to the Master of Boyes to the end they might be taught; the youths being fifteene yeeres of age.
2 In the second partition is pictured, the manner and law they had and kept in their Mar∣riages that they made lawfully. The celebration thereof was, that an Amantesa (which is a Broker) carried the Bride on her backe at the beginning of the night, and there went with them foure women with Torches of Pine-tree rosined burning, wherewith they lighted her. And [ 10] being come to the Bridegroomes house, the Parents of the Bridegroome came out to the Court of the house to receiue her, and they carried her into a Hall or some place where the Bridegroome tarried for her. And the betrothed folkes were set on a Mat with their seates neere a pan of fire, and they tyed the one to the other with a corner of their apparell; and made a perfume of Copale to their gods, and two old men and two old women were present as witnesses. Then the mar∣ried folke dined, and afterwards the old folkes. And when dinner was done, the old men and women separated the married folke by themselues, giuing them good counsell how they should behaue themselues and liue, and how they should maintayne the charge and calling they had ta∣ken vpon them, that they might liue with quietnesse.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50] A The father of the two youths. B a youth of fifteene yeeres old committed to an high Alfaqui or Priest. C Tlam•••z∣qui, [ 60] which is an high Priest. D a Temple or Mezquita, which they called Calmecac. E a youth of fifteene yeeres, whose fa∣ther putteth him to a Master to be taught. F Tacheauh, a Master. G a house where youths are taught and brought vp in. H Fifteene yeeres. I An old man. K The harth. Copale. L The woman. M The man. N An old woman. * The perfume. O The Mat. P The meat. Q The meat. R An old man. S A Cauter or pot of pulque. T The Cup. V An old woman. W The Bride. X These goe lighting the Bride, whom they goe to leaue at the Bridegroomes house in the beginning of the night. Y Amanteza which carrieth the Bride on her backe. Z These goe lighting of the Bride at the begin∣ning of the night. 1 a torch of Pinetree. 2 a torch. 3 torches of Pinetree. 4 torches of Pine•ree.
Page 11081 WHen they entred to bee Priests, the elder Priests occupied them straightway in bodily seruices for their Temples, that afterwards they might bee skil•ull when they were chiefe Priests, that after the same order as they had serued, they might bring vp the other Nouices that should be after them. These Priests are all painted in ash-colour: Other men in an oliue or tawny.
2 In the second partition is declared wherein the young men were occupied and did serue, that thenceforth when they were of yeeres, they might bee skilfull to take charge and command other youths like themselues, that they should not goe idle nor become vagabonds, but that they should alwayes apply themselues to things of vertue.
3 In the third partition is declared likewise the correction and chastising▪ that the chiefe [ 10] Priests did to the Nouice-Priests, which were forgetfull and negligent in their seruices, and for other faults as they committed chastising them according, as is shewed by the pictures.
4 In the fourth partition▪ is declared how the Captaines and warlike men exercised the young men which were of age thereto in warlike affaires, according as their fathers did recom∣mend them.
A Tlama∣caz{que}, A no∣uice Priest that is char∣ged to sweep. [ 20] B A nouice Priest that cōmeth from the wood ladē with boughes for to dresse the Temple. C A nouice Priest laden with thornes [ 30] of Maguez, for to draw bloud with all to offer sacri∣fice to the de∣uill. D A nouice Priest which is la∣den with green cane• for the [ 40] Temple for to make S•ates and Toe. E A youth which is laden with a great log to keepe fire in the Temple. F Youthes which are la∣den [ 50] with logs of wood for to keepe fire in the Temple. G A youth laden with boughes for to dresse the Temple. H This chiefe Priest is punishing the nouice Priest because he was negli∣gent in his office. I The nouice Priest. K The chiefe Priest. L The nouice Priest. M Another elder Priest. They are punishing this nouice Priest, pricking him with thornes of Magues throughout his body, because he was a rebell and disobedient and negligent in that he was commanded to doe. N This house signifieth that if the nouice Priest went to his house to sleepe three dayes they punished, as is aboue pictured and declared. O Tequigna, which is a valiant War∣riour. [ 60] P The youth. Q The father of the youth that offereth his sonne to the valiant Warriour, to exercise him in warlike affaires, and to carrie him to the warres. R The youth who is publike seruant to the valiant man that goeth to the warre with him, carrying his baggage on his backe with his owne Armour. S Teouina, a valiant man that go∣eth armed to the warres.
Page 11091 HEreis declared how the chiefe Priests did exercise and occupie them selues in the night time, whereof some occupied themselues in going to the Mountaynes, to offer sacrifice to their Gods, others in Musicke, and others were obseruers of time by the Starres of the Ele∣ment, and others in other things of their Temples.
2 In the second partition is declared the punishment they did vse to the young men, accor∣ding as the Pictures doe represent. The which was executed according to the Lawes and Statutes of the Lords of Mexico.
4 The punishment that the Beadles Telpuchtlatos did vse to the vicious young men, which went about like Vagabonds according to their Lawes, and the rest pictured and declared in the [ 10] same partition.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50] A chiefe Priest which goeth in the night with his fire burning to a Mountaine to doe penance. And hee carrieth in his hand a purse of Capaly, which is Perfume to offer Sacrifice to the Deuill. And at his backe Poyson in a vessell for the same Sacrifice, and he carrieth his boughes to beset the place of Sacrifice. And hath after him a nouice Priest, which carrieth other things for the Sacrifice. B A nouice Priest. C A chiefe Priest, which is playing on the Teponaztly, which is an Instrument of Mu∣sicke, and he exerciseth himselfe thereon in the night. D This Picture with eyes doth signifie the night. E This Picture with eyes doth signifie the night. F A chiefe Priest which is looking on the starres of the Element by night, to see what houre it is in the night, which is his charge and office. G A young man that goeth to warre, laden with stuffe and instruments of Armour. H Telpuchtlato. I The youth. K The woman. I. Telpuchtlato The two Telpuchtlato, do signifie Beadles to rule youths, that when any youth did fall in loue with any woman, they chastised the young man, throwing burning fire brands at him, and parted their loue. M A chiefe Priest whose office is to sweepe the Temples, or command them to be swept. N A chiefe Priest. O The nouice Priest. P The woman. Q A chiefe Priest. The declaration of the pictures of these two chiefe Priests is, that if the nouice Priest was negligent or had accesse to any woman, or fell in loue, the chiefe Priests did chastise him, thrusting thornes of Pine-tree made like pricks in all his body. R Telpuchtlato, a Beadle. S The young man. T Teach•auh, the Beadle. By these Pictures is declared that if a young man went about like a Vagabond, the two Beadles did correct him in powling and •••dging his head with fire. V A young man that is occupied in carrying stones with his Canoa to repaire the Temple. X The Temple.
This Picture expresseth the Priests employments. A A nouice Priest occupied in carrying of stones in his Canoa, for the reparation of the Temple. B The Temple called Ayauhcaly. C A nouice Priest that goeth to the warre with a chiefe Priest carrying his package. D A chiefe Priest that goeth to warre, for to enforce and boulden the Warriours, and to doe other Ceremonies in the Warres.
Their Armes, which signes of Armes were made of more authoritie from degree to degree, according as the worthinesse of the man of warre was knowne, and the number of the Captiues that they tooke. As is shewed sufficiently in the Pictures with their signes and Armes, and fashions of attire, and the degrees whereby they came to be valiant men in Warres. The first degree.
E Tecutlyas, Constable and Iustice of the Lords of Mexico. F An Officer that followeth the Tecutly, as his Sergeant. G A Temple called Sihnateo•aly. H The high way or street with a bridge of wood. I A young man, who if hee tooke any Prisoner in the Warres, they gaue him for reward a Mantle of the fashion, of thi• quadrant with his followers, in a token of his valiantnesse. K The aboue said Teeth, in these Pictures signifie, that he is occupied in repayring the streets and bridges that goe to the Temple. L A Captiue. M This valiant man all in red, because hee tooke two enemies, they rewarded him with the fashion of Armour he hath on, and more (N) the square Mantle of Orange-tawnie with a red twist▪ in token of his va∣liantnesse. O A Captiue. P This valiant Champion with a reward of the deuice he hath on, and this (Q) Mantle of rich wo•ke for a token that he tooke three enemies in the Warres. R A Prisoner. S This valiant Champion with the deuice he• [ 60] hath on, and the square Mantle. T Of two colours (blacke and Orange-tawnie) with a list, in token that hee had taken foure enemies in the Wars. V A Captiue. W This valiant man with the deuice of Armour that he hath and his second name Eton∣ti for his valiantnesse, and because he tooke fiue or sixe en•mies in the Wars, the which valiant man is hee that is aboue con∣tayned, who had his beginning of one enemy he tooke in the wars, and so from degree to degree, he hath come to this degree. X A Captiue. Y This valiant man called Quagchil, with the deuice of Armour that he hath on, shewing that hee had taken fiue at the Wars of Gue•o, besides that in other Wars he tooke many of his enemies. Z A Captiue. & And this valiant man named Tlacatecatl, with the fashion of the apparell he hath on, and his tassell and deuice of rich feathers, do shew that he had done all the valiant acts afore pictured and declared, and is knowne to haue more title of valiantnesse of person then are pictured.
Page 11111 THe chiefe Priests did exercise warlike affaires, & according as they proued in valiant acts, and as the number of the Captiues were that they tooke, so the Lords of Mexico gaue them titles of honour, and Blasons of Armes with deuices of their valiantnesse, as is shewed by the Pictures, and by the Armor they haue on. In the third partition are the titles of honour, which they obtayned by the exercise of war, whereby they came to a higher degree, the Lord of Mexico making them Captains and Generals of the Souldiers. And those of the one side serued for Mes∣singers and Executioners of that which the Lords of Mexico determined and commanded, aswel in things touching the Common-wealth of Mexico, as also in other townes of their dominions.
[ 10] [ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50] A A Priest that captiued one enemie in the warres. B The same Priest aforesaid, because he tooke two enemies in the warres, he is rewarded with the deuice of Armour he hath on. C The aforesaid Priest, because through his valiant∣nesse he tooke three enemies, he is rewarded with the deuice of Armour he hath on. P P P Captiues. D The same Priest abouesaid, because he t•oke foure enemies in the warre, for a token of his valiantnesse, he is rewarded with the de∣uice of Armour he hath on, blacke and white. E The same Priest because he tooke fiue of his enemies in warres, for [ 60] a token of his valiantnesse, he is rewarded with the deuice of Armour he hath on, all red. F The same Priest for that he tooke sixe enemies in the warres, for a token of his force and valour, the Lord of Mexico rewarded 〈◊〉 w•th the de∣uice of Arm•u• he hath on. His person yellow, feathers greene, target red, greene, yellow. G Quauhnochtli, an Officer which put Mandats in execution. H Tlilancalqui, another kind. I Atenpanecatl, a third sort. K Ez∣guagacatl, a fourth sort. These foure in this rowe did serue for Messingers and Executioners of that which the Lords of Mexico determined and did command. L Tlacochcalcatl. M Tezcacoacatl. N Tycocyahuacatl. O Te∣quiltecatl. These foure on this rowe are valiant men in warre, and Captaines of the Armies of the Mexicans and per∣sons which executed the charge of Generals ouer the Mexicans Armies.
Page 1112THe Casique (that is, a Lord of a Towne) because hee rebelled against the Lordship of Mexico by the Executioners afore contayned, had a rope cast about his necke wherewith for his re∣bellion, he was condemned by the Lords of Mexico to die, and his wife and children to be taken and brought prisoners to the Court of Mexico. And for the accomplishing of the condemnation the officers are executing the penalties wherein he was condemned, as is signified by the pictures.
2 He together with his seruants and towne are condemned to be destroyed. And so the Exe∣cutioners, by the commandement of the Lords of Mexico, are giuing him to vnderstand of the said condemnation, in token whereof they marke him with the signes that •hey set on his head, and the Target that they present him with, because he should not be ignorant of 〈◊〉 ••struction. And the pictures of men with mortall wounds, doe signifie that they were Merchants and Occu∣piers of Mexico, which came with things to the Countrie and Towne of the said Casique; and [ 10] the seruants of the Casique assaulted them on the high-way, killing them and taking away the merchandise they carried, which was the occasion of the destruction of the Towne.
3 In the third partition: The foure Officers or Ambassadors of the Lords of Mexico, doe sig∣nifie that they haue warned the said Casique contayned in the second partition before this, as is abouesaid, at the returning of the Executioners towards Mexico, there came out to the high-way certaine seruants of the said Casique to misse-vse them, shooting arrowes at them in token of war.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50] A Huiznahuatlan, officer and executioner as a Sergeant. B Executioner. C Casique. D Executioner. E The wife of the Casique imprisoned, with a yoke of Iron about her necke. F The sonne of the Casique taken prisoner with a yoke of Iron. G The seruant of the Casique. H The merchant. I a bundell [ 60] of merchandise. K The merchant. L The seruant of the Casique. M Executioner. N Execu∣tioner. O Casique. P An Executioner or Ambassador of the Lord of Mexico. Q An Executio∣ner or Ambassador of the Lord of Mexico. R a seruant of the Casique. S An Executioner or Am∣bassador of the Lord of Mexico. T An Executioner or Ambassador of the Lord of Mexico. V a ser∣uant of the Casique. W a seruant of the Casique which shooteth at the Ambassadors of the Lords of Mexico, for more occasion of warre.
Page 11131 THe Tequichna signifieth Spies, sent to the Towne of the Casique by the Lord of Mexi∣co, that in the night time they might goe and walke it secretly vnknowne to their e∣nemies, to aduertise and giue warning vnto the Souldiers, where they should enter with the bat∣taile. And so the Tequichna goe round about the Towne, Houses, Market place, and Church, at the time that they of the Towne are asleepe and at rest, for to finde a place where they may giue the onset with the lesse trouble and resistance.
2 A de•l•ration of the pictures in the second partition. The Mexican that is pictured and at his shou•d •s a Target and Darts, doth signifie the Mexicans being mooued to destroy a cer∣taine Towne by warres, because they had rebelled against the Lordship of Mexico. And the o∣ther three that are pictured and set ouer against the Mexicans are seruants of the Casique, which [ 10] doe signifie that the whole Towne of the Casique being afraid of the warres and destruction that the Mexicans would bring vpon them, they come to Mexico to entreat a peace, submitting themselues for seruants of Mexico, and protesting to acknowledge the Lordship, by meanes whereof they receiue them in friendship and for their seruants, laying aside that which was de∣termined by their counsell.
The foure valiant men pictured and intituled, with their Speares in their hands, and made readie for the warres, and the deuices of Armour that they haue on, doe signifie that they are Captaines of the Mexicans armies.
[ 20] A Tequihna. B Tequihna. C Tianguas, a Marquet place. D •e∣quihna. FE [ 30] houses. F Te∣quihna. G a Temple. H Tequihna. I Tequihna. K T•quihna. L Tequihna. • This par•i∣tion 〈…〉 is the towne [ 40] of the Ca∣sique afore-contayned. MNO these three are ser∣ua••s of the Casique. P Mexicans. Q a Target and Darts. [ 50] R Captaine Tlacatecatl. S Captaine Tlacochcal∣catl. T Captaine 〈◊〉. V Captaine Ticocyahud∣catl. [ 60]
Page 11141 HE that is set and at his backe a woman spinning, signifieth that it is his wife new married, and because he had taken the state of matrimonie vpon him, hauing been a Messenger with the rest that are pictured before him, which are fiue, named Tetpuchtly, which are Messengers likewise. The married man gi∣ueth them a reason why hee leaueth the charge of a Messenger by reason of his marriage, and that hee will rest and leaue off his seruice past. And to please them more, and that they should grant his request, hee maketh them a banquet in giuing them well to eate and drinke, and moreouer the present that bee giueth them is a handfull of perfumes, a copper Hatchet and two Mantels, as by the pictures of these things are intituled. And by this solemnitie the married man is free from the said Office.
2 In the second partition: Hee that is set downe and intituled, doth signifie the Lord of Mexico, that when any Messenger Telpuchtly pictured in the partition before this had giuen a good account of his office, and hauing taken vpon them the state of marriage, the Lords of Mexico from that they were but Messengers, did [ 10] promote them to a be•ter title and degree, in so much that he made them Tequihna, which is signified by the pictures and titles of Tequihna, with their Speares and Fannes, giuing them authoritie to bee his Ambassadors and Officers in the warres, which they held for an office of great honour.
3 The Alcaldes doe signifie Iustices, appointed by the Lords of Mexico, that they should heare matters aswell Ciuill as Criminall. And the pictures of men and women which are before them, are Pleaders and Sui∣tors which doe aske iustice. And the foure pictures that are intituled Teeth, that are behinde the Alcaldes, are principall young men that ioyne with the Alcaldes in their audience, to learne and instruct themselues in matters of iudgement, and afterwards to succeede in the Offices of the Alcaldes. From these Alcaldes, there was an appellation before the counsell Chamber of Moteçuma, as hereafter is pictured.
[ 20]AAAAA The [ 30] Telpuchtly or yong men which are of∣ficers or messen∣gers. B Two man∣tels. C a handful of perfumes. D Ta∣males or bread. E a copper hatchet. F a boyled hen. G Xicara with Ca∣cao to drinke. H Telpuchtly maried [ 40] I The wife of the maried Telpuchtly K The Lord of Mexico. L Te∣quihna. N Te∣quibna. OOO Tectly. P Tectly Mixcoatlaylotlac a Iustice like an Al∣calde. Q Ezgua∣gacatl Alcalde. R Acatlyacapanecatl [ 50] Alcalde. S Te∣quixquinahuacatl Alcalde. T These sixe pictures three of men and three of women, are plea∣ders and suitors which aske Iustice of the Alcaldes. [ 60]
Page 1115THe fashion of the Counsell Chambers of the Lord or King of Mexico, and of his Royall Houses and Courts, and the steps where they entred in, and the Throne and Seate of Mote∣çuma, and in the spaces of euery thing is declared and intituled what they signifie, and so in this declaration it is not repeated. But that in one Counsell Chamber, when that by way of offence they were agrieued, and hauing a iust cause not being sentenced and determined by the Alcaldes, then by degree of appellation they appealed from the Alcaldes before the Counsell. And if it were a matter of importance they appealed from the Counsell Chamber before Moteçuma the King himselfe, where the matter was concluded.
In the Chamber, that is intituled, The Counsell Chamber of warre, were prouided Captaines [ 10] and Armies for the warres, as was appointed by Moteçuma.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50] A The Throne and Maiestie of Moteçuma where he sate on Court-dayes, and on iudgement. B Mo∣teçuma. C a house where the Lords of T•nay•ca, Chienauhtla, and Colhuacan, were lodged that were friends and confederates of Moteçuma. D a house where the chiefe Lords of Tezcucoytacuba were lodged that were Moteçuma his friends. EFG The Court of the royall houses of Moteçuma. HK These lines that goe vpward are the steps to the Courts of the royall houses of Moteçuma. I The counsell chamber of warre. K The counsell chamber of Moteçuma. L These foure are as Auditors of the counsell of Moteçuma, wise men. M Pleaders and Sutors that in the degree and appellation from the Alcaldes, doe present themselues and appeare before the Auditors of the counsell of Moteçuma.
[ 60]THe father and the sonne that sit against each other face to face, signifie that the father giueth his sonne good counsell, that he be not vicious, laying before him for example, that those which come to vertue come afterwards in credit with the Lords and Casiques; In that they giue Page 1116 them honest offices, and doe vse them to be their Messengers, and they doe admit Musicians and Singers vnto their feasts and weddings for the credit they beare.
2 The pictured in the house, where they meane to talke and prouide for publike affaires, and the Steward that sitteth therein, doth signifie that there are before him weeping, because it hath happened vnto them to be occupied in bodily labour, that the Coas and Guacales doe represent. And the Steward is giuing them good counsell, and exhorting them to flee idlenesse, is the cause that they come to be Theeues and players at the Ball, and players at Patol, after the manner of Dice, from which Games doe spring theft for to satisfie and fulfill such vices.
3 The Carpenter, Lapidane, Painter, Gold-smith, and garnisher of feathers, signifie that those Artificers teach their sonnes their occupation from their childhood, that when they are [ 10] men they might follow their Trade, and spend their time in things of vertue, giuing them coun∣sell that of idlenesse commeth euill vices, and so euill tongues, tale-bearing, drunkennesse, and theeuerie, and many other euill vices.
[ 20] [ 30] [ 40] [ 50] A a Messenger. BCD The father counselleth his sonne to apply himselfe to all vertue. E One hauing a ghest, entertayneth a Musician. FGI a house where they me•t for publike affaires. H The Petlacalcatl. KM Coa and Guacal. LN Touthes. O a vagabond. P a player at the ball. Q a Thiefe. R a player at Patol or Dice after their manner. S a Carpenter. T The Carpenters sonne. V a Lapidarie. W The Lapidaries sonne. X a Painter Y The Painters sonne. Z a Gold-smith. [ 60] & The Gold-smiths sonne. Aa An ill tongued man and tale-bearer. Bb An artificer that garnisheth with feathers, Cc The artificers sonne. Dd a drunkard. Ee a drunkard and thiefe, the last worke like a halter seemes to signifie the euill ends which such come to. The particular punish∣ments follow in the next picture.
[ 10] [ 20] [ 30] [ 40] A These two Pictures signifie that the young men that were drunke with Wine, dyed for that ac∣cording to the Law. B A young man that was drunke. C A young woman if shee were drunke with Wine was killed heere according to the Lawes of Mexico. D A Thiefe, they stoned him to death according to the Lawes of the Lords of Mexico. E These two Pictures layed and couered with clothes, doe shew that if any man had carnall dealing with a married woman, they stoned them both to death, according to the Lawes of the Lords of Mexico. F An old man of [ 50] threescore and tenne yeeres, hath licence to drinke Wine and to bee drunke aswell publikely as secret∣ly because he is so old, and hath Sonnes and Nephewes, at which yeeres Wine and drunkennesse was not forbidden them. G An old woman, wife to the old man aboue pistured, had priui∣ledge to bee drunke as well as her Husband, because shee had children, and childrens children and to all those of the like age, drunkennesse was not forbidden them.
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