Purchas his pilgrimes. part 3 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

§. II. Dutch, Spanish, Danish disturbance; also by Hull men, and by a new Patent, with the succeeding Successe and further Discoueries till this present.

* 1.1IN the yeere 1612. the Companie set forth two Ships, viz. The Whale, burthen one hundred and sixtie Tunnes, and the Sea-horse, burthen one hundred and eightie tunnes, [ 20] vnder the Command of Iohn Russell, and Thomas Edge, for discouering and killing of the Whale. They discouered that yeere nothing worth writing of, by reason of some fal∣ling out betwixt Russell and Edge; yet they killed that yeere seuenteene Whales, and some Sea-horses, of which they made one hundred and eightie Tunnes of Oyle with much difficultie; as not being experimented in the businesse.* 1.2 This yeere the Hollanders (to keepe their wont in fol∣lowing of the English steps) came to Greenland with one Ship, being brought thither by an Eng∣lish man, and not out of any knowledge of their owne Discoueries, but by the direction of one Allen Sallowes,* 1.3 a man imployed by the Muscouia Companie in the Northerne Seas for the space of twentie yeeres before; who leauing his Countrey for Debt, was entertayned by the Hollanders, and imployed by them to bring them to Greenland for their Pylot. At which time [ 30] being met withall by the Companies Ships, they were commanded to depart, and forbidden to haunt or frequent those parts any more by mee Thomas Edge.* 1.4 There was also a Spanish Ship brought thither, by one Nicholas Woodcocke this yeere, a man formerly imployed by the sayd Companie;* 1.5 which Spanish Ship made a full Voyage in Green-harbour. But Woodcocke at his re∣turne into England, being complained of by the Companie, was Imprisoned in the Gatehouse and Tower, sixteene Moneths, for carrying the Spanish Ship thither.

* 1.6In the yeere 1613. the Companie set out for Greenland seuen sayle of Ships, vnder the Com∣mand of Beniamin Ioseph,* 1.7 and Thomas Edge, the Ships departed from Graues••nd the s••x and twen∣tieth of Aprill, and arriued in Greenland the fourteenth of May. This yeere the English had the Kings Patent vnder the broad Seale of England, to forbid all Strangers and others, but the Musco∣uia [ 40] Companie to vse the Coast of Greenland. The English met with fifteene sayle of great Ships, two of them were Dutch Ships,* 1.8 the rest were French, Spanish, and of the Archdukes, besides foure English Interlop••rs. The Companies Ships forced them all from the Coast of Greenland, not suf∣fering any of them to make a Voyage; they tooke from the two Dutch Ships certayne goods, bu•• in g••ing to take it, they neglected their owne voyage, which was damnified thereby to the value of three or foure thousand pounds. For their Ships came home dead Fraight two or three hundred Tunnes by that meanes.* 1.9 This yeere was Hope Iland and other Ilands discouered, to the Eastward by the Companie.

* 1.10In the yeere following, which was 1614. the Companie set out for Greenland, thirteene great Ships and two Pinnasses,* 1.11 vnder the Command of Beniamin Ioseph, and Thomas Edge, all which [ 50] Ships were well appointed with all manner of Artillerie for defence, and other necessaries for the making of their Voyage and for Discouerie. This yeere the Hollanders set out for Greenland eighteene great Ships, whereof foure of them were of the States men of Warre, Ships with thir∣tie pieces of Ordnance a piece. This yeere the Dutch stayed and fished for the Whale perforce, they were farre stronger then the English, which was a cause that the English Ships came home halfe laden, and the Dutch with a poore Voyage. This yeere the Companie Discouered vnto the Northwards of Greenland,* 1.12 as farre as 80. Degrees odde Minuts, in the Ship Thomazen, as by her daily Iournall doth appeare at large; in which Ship was imployed Thomas Sherwin, and Wil∣liam Baffin, being the second Voyage they were imployed into those parts. And some Ilands to the Eastwards of Greenland, were Discouered by foure Ships imployed in that seruice, as by their [ 60] Iournall more at large appeareth.

* 1.13In the yeere 1615. the Companie set out for Greenland, two sayle of great Ships and two Pinnasses, vnder the Command of Beniamin Ioseph, and Thomas Edge, who following their In∣structions, arriued vpon the Coast of Greenland the sixth of Iune, which they found to bee much

pestered with Ice, and being foggie weather, they runne into the Ice, so farre, that they were fast in it fourteene dayes before they could cleare themselues of it.* 1.14 This yeere also the Hollan∣ders set out fourteene sayle of ships, whereof three of them were States Men of warre of great force; they killed Whales in Horn-sound, Bel-sound, and Faire-hauen, and stayed vpon the coast of Greenland perforce, as they did the former yeere;* 1.15 whereby the English came home halfe la∣den. This yeere also the King of Denmarke sent vnto Greenland three of his ships, Men of warre, to demand a toll of the English; but they had none payd them: for they fell with the Fore-land in 79. degrees, where Captaine Edge was, and he denyed payment of any toll, alledging that the Countrey of Greenland belonged to the King of England.* 1.16 These were the first Danish ships that euer came to Greenland, who had for their Pilot one Iames Vaden, an Englishman to [ 10] bring them thither.

In the yeere 1616. the Company set out for Greenland eight Sayle of great ships, and two Pinnasses vnder the command of Thomas Edge, who following his course,* 1.17 arriued in Greenland a∣bout the fourth of Iune, hauing formerly appointed all his ships for their seuerall Harbours, for their making of their Voyage vpon the Whale, and hauing in euery Harbour a sufficient num∣ber of expert men, and all prouisions fitting for such a Voyage. This yeere it pleased God to blesse them by their labours, that they full laded all their ships with Oyle, and left an ouer-pl••s in the Countrey, which their ships could not take in. They imployed this yeere a small Pinnasse vnto the East-ward, which discouered the East-ward part of Greenland, Namely, the Iland cal∣led now Edges Iland,* 1.18 and other Ilands lying to the North-wards as farre as seuentie eight de∣grees, [ 20] this Pinnasse was some twentie tunnes, and had twelue men in her, who killed one thou∣sand Sea-horses on Edges Iland, and brought all their Teeth home for London. This was the first yeere that euer the Company full laded all their ships sent to Greenland, and this yeere they made twelue or thirteene hundred tunnes of Oyle in Greenland by the fourteenth of August. All the ships arriued in safety in the Riuer of Thames, in the moneth of September. The Hollanders had this yeere in Greenland foure ships, and those kept together in odde places, not easily to bee found, and made a poore Voyage.

In the yeare 1617. the Company set out for Greenland fourteene Sayle of ships, and their two Pinnasses furnished and manned with a sufficient number of men and all other prouisions fitting for that Voyage, vnder the command of Thomas Edge. They departed from Grauesend,* 1.19 about the [ 30] foure and twentieth of Aprill, and arriued vpon the Coast of Greenland, the eight and twentieth of May all in safety.

At our first comming vpon the Coast this yeere, I met with a Dutch shippe of two hundred tunnes, which I commanded aboard, the Captaynes name was Cocke, who told mee there were ten Sayle of Dutch vpon the Coast, and two men of Warre, and that he came to make a Voy∣age vpon the Whale. I shewed him the Kings Commission, and commanded him by vertue thereof to depart from the Coast, willing him to acquaint the rest of his Countrey-men with it. And further, I told him that if I met with him or any Dutch ships heereafter, I would take from them what they had gotten, and thus hauing entertayned him aboord with me courteous∣ly, I let him goe without taking any prouisions from him. At his departure from mee, hee pro∣mised [ 40] hee would but stay to meet with two of his Consorts, which hee had lost company with the day before, and then hee would directly goe for Flushing, and acquaint his Merchants, that the English Captayne would not suffer him to stay vpon the Coast of Greenland; but it seemeth at his meeting with his Consorts, they agreed altogether to goe into Horne-sound, and there they killed some few Whales which they saued in Blubber. I vnderstanding of it, gaue order to my Vice-admirall when he was laden, that he should goe into Horne-sound, and put the Flemmings from thence, and take what they had gotten, which he did accordingly: but the goods he tooke from the Dutch ships, were not worth to the English twentie pounds, for it was but Blubber and Finnes, which they had no need of, in regard they had killed as many Whales as would lade their ships, and more then they could carry or saue. This yeere the English made nineteene hun∣dred [ 50] tunnes of Oyle in Greenland, and all their ships arriued at home in the moneths of August and September in safetie. They also employed a ship of sixtie tunnes, with twenty men in her, who discouered to the Eastward of Greenland, as faire to the North-wards as seuentie nine de∣grees, and an Iland which he named Witches Iland, and diuers other Ilands as by the Map appea∣reth, and killed store of Sea-horses there, and then came into Bel-sound:* 1.20 where hee found his la∣ding of Oyle, left by the Captayne which he tooke in.* 1.21 This yeere the Hull men set a small ship or two to the East-wards of Greenland, for the Hull men still followed the steps of the Londo∣ners, and in a yeere or two called it their Discouery, which is false and vntrue, as by Oath in the Admiraltie doth appeare. The Dutch likewise practise the same course.

[ 60] In the yeere 1618. some difference hauing passed betweene the English and some Zelanders, the yeere before, in King Iames his Newland,* 1.22 * 1.23 alias Greenland (which Zelanders were neuer in those parts before, and vpon promise of the present departure) were permitted to passe else-where with their prouisions which they had, and comming to Cherrie Iland, and meeting with one English Interloper of Hull; namely Marmaduke,* 1.24 he animated the said Zelanders to returne back

for Greenland, alleaging vnto them, that the Companies ships were in each seuerall Harbour bu∣sied about their Voyage, and that none would stirre from his Harbours to molest them, and that they being three ships of force, might returne to a Harbour in that Countrey, called Hornsound, and there make a Voyage perforce, which the said Zelanders did attempt, and there manned out diuers Shallops, hauing many Biskainers, and killed store of Whales, setting those English at nought. Whereupon Captayne Thomas Edge, chiefe Commander of the English Fleet, hauing laden those ships that were in Harbour with him, and presently sent for William H••ly, his Vice-admirall, giuing him order (who was not then full laden, but in good forwardnesse) to fit the ship he was in, and goe to Horne-sound afore-said, and put the said Zelanders from thence: which the said H••ly presently put in execution. But before his comming thither, the Zelanders had notice by an English Surgeon, that if they did not depart, the English Vice-admiral would come present∣ly [ 10] and force them from thence. Whereupon the Zelanders laded all the goods they had in two ships, and sent them away before the comming of the English Vice-admirall, leauing one ship behind, with certaine caske of Blubber, and two Whales and an halfe vncut vp, in a brauado to trye if the English would meddle with them or not, which said ship and goods there left, were surprized by the said English Vice-admirall; the goods detayned to the Companies vse; and the ship restored there to the Zelanders; which ship hauing in her ten cast Peeces, and sixtie men, and hauing intelligence of one of the Companies ships, at that time laden in the Countrey with one hundred and eightie tunnes of Oyle, the Zelander gaue out he would lie in waite and take that ship of the Companies and her lading, and carrie her to Zeland. For preuention where∣of, the said Vice-admirall tooke sixe Peeces of Ordnance, and some Powder from the ship of [ 20] Zeland, which were in England restored to the owners.

In which said yeere 1618. the Zelanders sending ouer for restitution of the goods taken from them. A new Company commixt of English, Scottish and Zelanders, through the meanes of one Sir Iohn Conningham Knight,* 1.25 procured a grant for setting forth of shipping to those parts, which might vtterly haue ouerthrowne and spoiled the trade of the first discoueries thereof: and to that end diuers of the chiefe men were hired by the new Company that had been seruants to the first discouerie, and much shipping and prouisions agreed for. Whereupon there was an agreement, that the East India Aduenturers should ioyne stocke with the Moscouia Aduenturers,* 1.26 and be one ioynt Companie for that trade of King Iames his Newland. The Scottish Companies Patent thereupon dissolued, to the Moscouia Companies great trouble and cost, in taking of all the pro∣uisions [ 30] they had bespoken, and paying ready money for the same, hauing no vse thereof, but great part spoyled, and came to little good, and in ioyning vnfortunately with the East India Companie, in which yeere, and the next yeere after, their Voyages proued very ill, and they were losers, and much vexed and crossed in their proceedings, to the great dis-heartning and de∣triment of the Moscouia Companie: yet that yeere 1618. they set forth thirteene ships and two Pinnasses, vnder the command of the said Captaine Thomas Edge, who arriuing vpon the coast of King Iames his Newland, in the beginning of Iune separated themselues to seuerall Har∣bours for accomplishing of their Voyages, the most part being ships of no force. Presently af∣ter in all Harbours where the English were, arriued great store of ships of Zeland, in warlike manner, being ships of great force, who continued in the same Harbours amongst the English, [ 40] setting two boats to the English one, with Biskainers, with a full purpose to driue the English from their Harbours, and to reuenge the iniurie (as they termed it) done them the yeere before: and for that the Scottish Patent was dissolued; wherein many Flemmings were to be interested. And to that purpose towards the latter end of Iuly, ten Saile of the said Zelanders, being at a Har∣bour called the Foreland, where the said William Heley, Vice-admirall of the English Fleet that yeere, was in the ship Pleasure, Master Robert Salmon, with one English ship and a Pinnasse there of no force, set vpon the said English Vice-admirall, threatning, if hee would not yeeld pre∣sently, to dispoyle him of ship and goods, not permitting to take his men aboord. And with two of their chiefest ships layd the English Vice-admirall aboord, there being but seuen English aboord the ship, which they detayned for foure and twentie houres, the Zelanders not daring [ 50] to enter, making many brauadoes and attempts, thinking to make the English to yeeld, and stand to their mercy, which was refused. And thereupon fiue of those Zelanders ships; namely, the Fortune of Camphire, burthen foure hundred tunnes, with eighteene cast Peeces, besides brasse Bases and Murtherers, Captaine Hubreght Cornelisson; the Saint Peter of Flushing, burthen three hundred tunnes, with eighteene cast Peeces, Captaine Cornelius Cooke; the Salamander of Flu∣shing, two hundred tunnes, fourteene cast Peeces, Captaine Adrian Peeterson; the Cat of Delph Hauen, with sixteene cast Peeces, Abraham Leuerstick being Captaine and Generall of the Ze∣landers, and William Iohnson of Milliworth, in a ship with fourteene cast Peeces: all which, after much conference passed betwixt the said Zelanders and William Hely: which said Zelanders gaue out many vnciuill speeches against the Kings Maiestie, not esteeming his Commission; al∣ledging [ 60] that there was good law in Flanders for what they did.* 1.27 And on Sunday the nineteenth of Iuly, 1618. did forcibly set vpon the said English Vice-admirall, fiue together plying their great Ordnance, small Shot, and Murderers, seeking what in them lay to kill and spoile all the

English that were aboord: who resisted their force, and in spite of all their opposers set sayle, saluting them with their Ordnance, and maintayning fight against them till their Sayles were shot downe, some of their chiefe men slaine, others hurt, and their ship forced either to anchor, or run ashoare. The Zelanders vsed the English very vnkindly, rifling their ship of all their goods, and taking away all their munition and artillery, not leauing any goods ashoare, but burning vp the Caske, not permitting the English to take in fresh water, but shot their Boat thorow in going ashoare, and minding, as they protested and swore vnto the said William Hely, that they would take and ransacke all the English ships in the Countrey, and carrie the English Captaine to Ze∣land: hauing as they said, that yeere in those parts 23. sayle of well appointed ships, onely to [ 10] ouerthrow all the English, all which were to meet in Scotland outward bound. After the sur∣prising of the said English Vice-admirall, all the rest of the English ships being dispersed farre asunder, could not ioyne together, being in all places hindred by the Flemmings: and by that meanes the English Voyage vtterly ouerthrowne, to the extraordinary great losse and charge of the Companie, the most part of their ships returning home without any goods.

The next yeere 1619. the said Moscouia and East India Companies set out nine ships,* 1.28 and two Pinnasses, vnder the command of the said Captaine Edge, in which yeere, diuers Hollan∣ders being in the Northermost Harbour in the Countrey, employing great quantitie of Boats in chasing the Whale there, off into the Sea, put them by their vsuall course, so that the Com∣panies ships, being fiue of the nine, in the two Northermost Harbours, were disappointed of their Voyage in those Harbours; and thinking to better it in the other Harbours; the foresaid Wil∣liam [ 20] Heley sending a Shallop with ten men in her, with Letters to the said Captaine Edge, of their ill successe to the Northwards, the said Shallop was cast away, and all the men lost: and the said Captaine being laden, sent a Pinnasse to the said Heley in August, aduertising him of his departure, thinking all the ships to the Northward had been laden, wishing them to haste home. By meanes of which Shallops casting away, the Voyage was greatly hindred to the Compa∣nies exceeding great losse; in that the Hollanders did as then bring ouer great quantitie of Whale-oyle, and sold it at vnder rates, so that the Companie was forced to keepe theirs on their hands twelue moneths, and sell it afterwards at a very small price, and lost one ship in her returne homewards neere Yarmouth: which did so much dishearten the said Companie, that [ 30] they dissolued againe, and thought verily to haue aduentured no more thither (their successe those two yeeres past, in which the East India Companie ioyned with them was so bad, that any that would buy their prouision might enioy the benefit of the Trade there.) At which time, the worthie and famous Merchants Aduenturers; namely, Ralph Freeman, Beniamin Deicrowe, George Strowd, with Captaine Thomas Edge, all brethren of the Moscouia Companie, pitying the down-fall of so worthie a Trafficke, in which yeerely so many poore Land-men receiued great comfort, and breeding of Mariners, at their owne charge compounded with the said Com∣panies, and tooke that Trade into their hands. In which yeere 1620. they set out seuen sayle of ships, vnder the command of William Goodl••d, and the said William Heley; in which said yeere,* 1.29 by reason of great store of Flemmings and Danes in the foresaid Northermost Harbours, their [ 40] ships had ill successe to the Northwards, and were forced to passe from Harbour to Harbour to seeke to make a Voyage, but could not, and so returned home halfe laden, with seuen hundred tunnes of Oyle.

The next yeere 1621. the foresaid Aduenturers hired, and set forth eight ships, seuen for the Whale Voyage, and one to the South-eastwards vpon Discouerie, vnder the command aforesaid,* 1.30 which yeere in one of their chiefest Harbours their Voyage was ouerthrowne, by reason of the foresaid Flemmings and Danes, being to the Northward, as aforesaid▪ putting the Whale by her course, and in all places in the Countrey generally disheartned, and out of hope to haue made any Voyage that yeere, whereby to haue earned their bread. Yet it pleased God afterwards in some Harbours, Whales hitting in, a Voyage was performed, and 1100. tunnes of Oyle brought home, to the great encouragement of the said Aduenturers: otherwise that Trade had beene [ 50] vtterly ouerthrowne.

The yeere following 1622. the said Aduenturers at their owne charge set forth nine ships, vn∣der the command aforesaid, and therein employed diuers Land-men;* 1.31 many of which afterwards proue good Sea-men, and are fit for any Sea seruice. Eight of which ships were appointed to make their Voyage vpon the Whale, and one to goe on discouerie to the South-eastwards. But ill successe happening, one of their greatest ships of burthen, whereof Iohn Masson was Master, hauing in her two hundred tuns of Caske, Coppers, and diuers prouisions, was vnfortunatly cast away against a piece of Ice, vpon the coast of King Iames Newland, foure leagues from the shoare,* 1.32 in which ship perished nine and twentie men, and the remainder being three and twenty, were by the prouidence of the Almightie miraculously saued in a Shallop, coasting thirtie leagues af∣terwards [ 60] to meet with some other ships to find some succour, hauing neither bread nor drinke, nor any meanes whereby to get any food: and so remayned three dayes in extreme cold wea∣ther, being in a small Boat ready to bee swallowed vp of euery waue, but that God prouided better for them. Many of which people their hands and feet rotted off, being frozen, and they

died in the Countrey. The rest of the ships returned home laden, bringing in them 1300. tuns of Oyle, yet the foresaid chiefe Harbour could not performe their full lading there, by reason of the Flemmings and Danes being to the Northwards, as aforesaid, which doth yeerely hinder the Companies ships from making a Voyage.

Notes

• * 1.1

  1612.
• * 1.2

  Hollanders.
• * 1.3

  Allen Sallowes.
• * 1.4

  Spanish Ship.
• * 1.5

  Woodcocke Im∣prisoned.
• * 1.6

  1613.
• * 1.7

  Beniamin Ioseph
• * 1.8

  Fifteene ships Int••rlop••rs.
• * 1.9

  Hope Iland.
• * 1.10

  1614.
• * 1.11

  Thirteen ••h••ps and two Pin∣n••ss••s armed. Eighteene Dutch ships.
• * 1.12

  80. Degrees discouered. Sherwin and Baffin.
• * 1.13

  1615.
• * 1.14

  Fast in Ice, in Iune four∣teene dayes.
• * 1.15

  King of Den∣marke demands Toll.
• * 1.16

  Vn-English English to serue Dutch, Spanish, Dane, against their owne.
• * 1.17

  1616.
• * 1.18

  Edges Iland.
• * 1.19

  1617.
• * 1.20

  Witches Iland.
• * 1.21

  Hull men.
• * 1.22

  1618.
• * 1.23

  Zelanders.
• * 1.24

  Marmaduke.
• * 1.25

  Sir Iohn Cun∣ningham.
• * 1.26

  East India Ad∣uenturers ioyne▪
• * 1.27

  Dutch▪ assault the English.
• * 1.28

  1619.
• * 1.29

  1620.
• * 1.30

  1621.
• * 1.31

  1622.
• * 1.32

  Shipwracke▪