Purchas his pilgrimes. part 3 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

§. III. Notes taken out of another mans Relation of the same Voyage, touching [ 30] the Russian Rites.

ON Christmasse day we were all willed to dine with the Emperors Maiestie, where for bread, meate, and drinke, we were serued as at other times before: but for good∣ly and rich Plate, we neuer saw the like or so much before. There dined that day in the Emperors presence aboue fiue hundred strangers, and two hundred Russes, and all they were serued in vessels of Gold, and that as much as could stand one by another vpon the Tables. Besides this, there were foure Cup-boards garnished with goodly Plate both of gold and siluer. Among the which there were twelue barrels of siluer, contayning aboue twelue gal∣lons a piece, and at each end of euery Barrell were six hoopes of fine gold: this dinner conti∣nued [ 40] about six houres.

* 1.1Euery yeere vpon the twelfth day, they vse to blesse or sanctifie the Riuer Moscua, which runneth through the Citie of Mosco, after this manner. First, they make a square hole in the Ice about three fathoms large euery way, which is trimmed about the sides and edges with white boords. Then about nine of the clocke they come out of the Church with procession towards the Riuer in this wise.

First and foremost there goe certaine young men with waxe Tapers burning, and one carrying a great Lanthorne: then follow certaine Banners, then the Crosse, then the Images of our Lady, of Saint Nicholas, and of other Saints, which Images men carry vpon their shoulders: after the Images follow certaine Priests to the number of one hundred or more: after them the Metropo∣litan [ 50] who is led betweene two Priests, and after the Metropolitan came the Emperour with his Crowne vpon his head, and after his Maiestie all his Noble men orderly. Thus they followed the Procession vnto the water, and when they came vnto the hole that was made, the Priests set themselues in order round about it. And at one side of the same Poole there was a Scaffold of boords made, vpon which stood a faire Chaire in which the Metropolitan was set, but the Em∣perours Maiestie stood vpon the Ice.

After this the Priests began to sing, to blesse and to sense, and did their seruice, and so by that time that they had done, the water was holy, which being sanctified, the Metropolitan tooke a little thereof in his hands, and cast it on the Emperour, likewise vpon certaine of the Dukes, and then they returned againe to the Church with the Priests that sate about the water: but that prease that there was about the water when the Emperour was gone, was wonderfull to behold, [ 60] for there came aboue fiue thousand Pots to be filled of that water: for that Moscouite which hath no part of that water, thinks himselfe vnhappy. And very many went naked into the water, both Men and Women and Children: after the prease was a little gone, the Emperours Iennets

and Horses were brought to drinke of the same water, and likewise many other men brought their Horses thither to drinke, and by that meanes they make their Horses as holy as themselues. All these ceremonies being ended, we went to the Emperour to dinner, where we were serued in vessels of siluer, and in all other points as we had beene beforetime.

The Russes begin their Lent alwayes eight weeks before Easter: the first weeke they eate Egs,* 1.2 Milke, Cheese and Butter, and make great cheare with Pan-cakes, and such other things, one friend visiting another, and from the same Sunday vntill our Shroue-sunday, there are but few Russes sober, but they are drunke day by day, and it is accounted for no reproach or shame a∣mong them.

The next weeke being our first weeke in Lent, or our cleansing weeke, beginning our Shroue-sunday, [ 10] they make and keepe a great Fast. It is reported, and the people doe verily beleeue that the Metropolitan neither eateth nor drinketh any manner of thing for the space of seuen dayes, and they say that there are many Religious men which doe the like. The Emperours Maiestie eateth but one morsell of bread, and drinketh but one draught of drinke once in the day during that weeke, and all men that are of any reputation come not out of their houses during that time, so that the streets are almost voide of companie, sauing a few poore folkes which wander to and fro. The other sixe weekes they keepe as we doe ours, but not one of them will eate ei∣ther Butter, Cheese, Egs, or Milke.

On Palme-sunday they haue a very solemne Procession, in this manner following. First,* 1.3 they haue a Tree of a good bignesse which is made fast vpon two Sleds, as though it were growing [ 20] there, and it is hanged with Apples, Raisins, Figs, and Dates, and with many other fruits abun∣dantly. In the midst of the same Tree stand fiue Boyes in white vestures, which sing in the Tree, before the Procession: after this there followed certaine young men with Wax Tapers in their hands burning, and a great Lanthorne that all the light should not goe out: after them followed two with long Banners, and sixe with round plates set vpon long staues: the plates were of Copper very full of holes, and thinne: then followed sixe, carrying painted Images vpon their shoulders, after the Images followed certaine Priests, to the number of one hundred or more, with goodly vestures, whereof ten or twelue are of white Damaske, set and embroidered round about with faire and orient Pearles, as great as Pease, and among them certaine Saphires and other stones. After them followed the one halfe of the Emperours Noblemen: then commeth the Em∣perours [ 30] Maiestie and the Metropolitan, after this manner.

First, there is a Horse couered with white linnen cloth downe to the ground,* 1.4 his eares being made long with the same cloth, like to an Asses eares. Vpon this Horse the Metropolitan sit∣teth side-long like a woman: in his lappe lieth a faire Booke, with a Crucifixe of Gold-smiths worke vpon the couer, which he holdeth fast with his left hand, and in his right hand he hath a Crosse of Gold, with which Crosse he ceaseth not to blesse the people as hee rideth. There are to the number of thirtie men which spread abroad their garments before the Horse, and as soone as the Horse is past ouer any of them, they take them vp againe and runne before, and spread them againe, so that the Horse doth alway goe on some of them. They which spread [ 40] the garments are all Priests sonnes, and for their labours the Emperour giueth vnto them new garments.

One of the Emperours Noblemen leadeth the Horse by the head, but the Emperour himselfe going on foot, leadeth the Horse by the end of the reyne of his Bridle with one of his hands, and in the other of his hands hee had a branch of a Palme tree: after this followed the rest of the Emperours Noblemen and Gentlemen, with a great number of other people. In this order they went from one Church to another within the Castle, about the distance of two flight shot: and so returned againe to the Emperours Church, where they made an end of their seruice. Which being done, the Emperours Maiestie, and certaine of his Noblemen went to the Metro∣politan his house to dinner, where of delicate fishes and good drinkes there was no lacke. The rest of this weeke vntill Easter day they kept very solemnely, continuing in their houses for the [ 50] most part, and vpon Munday or Thursday the Emperour doth alwaies vse to receiue the Sacra∣ment, and so doe most of his Nobles.

Vpon Good-friday they continue all the day in contemplation and prayers, and they vse eue∣ry yeere on Good-friday to let loose a Prisoner in the stead of Barrabas. The night following they goe to the Church, where they sleepe vntill the next morning, and at Easter they haue the Resurrection, and after euery of the Lents they eate flesh the next weeke following, Friday, Sa∣turday and all.

They haue an order at Easter, which they alwaies obserue, and that is this: euery yeere a∣gainst Easter to dye or colour red with Brazell a great number of Egges, of which euery man and woman giueth one vnto the Priest of their Parish vpon Easter day in the morning. And [ 60] moreouer, the common people vse to carrie in their hands one of their red Egges, not onely vp∣on Easter day, but also three or foure dayes after, and Gentlemen and Gentlewomen haue Egges gilded which they carrie in like manner. They vse it, as they say, for a great loue, and in token of the Resurrection, whereof they reioyce. For when two friends meet during the Easter holy

dayes, they come and take one another by the hand: the one of them saith, the Lord or Christ is risen,* 1.5 the other answereth, it is so of a truth, and then they kisse and exchange their Egges both men and women, continuing in kissing foure dayes together.

His Majestie heareth all Complaints himselfe, and with his owne mouth giueth sentence, and judgement of all matters, and that with expedition: but Religious matters hee medleth not withall, but referreth them wholly vnto the Metropolitane. His Majestie retayneth and well rewardeth all strangers that come to serue him, and especially men of Warre. He delighteth not greatly in Hawking, Hunting, or any other pastime, nor in hearing Instruments or Musicke, but setteth all his whole delight vpon two things: First, to serue God, as vndoubtedly hee is very deuout in his Religion, and the second, how to subdue and conquer his enemies.

He hath abundance of Gold and Siluer in his owne hands or Treasurie: but the most part of [ 10] his know not a Crowne from a Counter, nor Gold from Copper, they are so much cumbred therewithall, and he that is worth two, three, or foure Grotes, is a rich man.

They haue both Monkes, Friers, and Nunnes, with a great number of great and rich Mona∣steries:* 1.6 they keepe great Hospitalitie, and doe releeue much poore people day by day. I haue bin in one of the Monasteries called Troietes, which is walled about with Bricke very strongly like a Castle, and much Ordnance of Brasse vpon the walls of the same. They told mee themselues that there are seuen hundred Brethren of them which belong vnto that House. The most part of the Lands, Townes, and Villages which are within fortie miles of it, belong vnto the same. They shewed me the Church,* 1.7 wherein were as many Images as could hang about, or vpon the [ 20] wals of the Church round about, and euen the Roofe of the Church was painted full of Images. The chiefe Image was of our Ladie, which was garnished with Gold, Rubies, Saphirs, and o∣ther rich Stones abundantly. In the midst of the Church stood twelue Waxe Tapers of two yards long, and a fathome about in bignesse, and there stands a Kettle full of Waxe with about one hundred weight, wherein there is alwayes the wicke of a Candle burning, as it were a Lampe which goeth not out day nor night.

They shewed me a Coffin couered with Cloth of Gold, which stood vpon one side within their Church,* 1.8 in which they told me lay a holy man, who neuer eate or dranke, and yet that he liueth. And they told me (supposing that I had beleeued them) that he healeth many Diseases, and giueth the blind their sight, with many other Miracles, but I was hard of beliefe, because I saw him worke no miracle whilst I was there. [ 30]

After this they brought me into their Sellers, and made me taste of diuers kinds of Drinkes, both Wine and Beere, Meade and Quassie, of sundry colours and kinds. Such abundance of Drinke as they haue in their Sellers,* 1.9 I doe suppose few Princes haue more, or so much at once. Their Barrels or Vessels are of an vnmeasurable bignesse and size: some of them are three yards long and more, and two yards and more broad in their heads: they contayne sixe or seuen tuns a piece: they haue none in their Sellers of their owne making that are lesse then a tunne. They haue nine or ten great vaultes which are full of those Barrels which are seldome remooued: for they haue trunkes which come downe through the Roofe of the vaults in sundry places, through which they powre drinke downe, hauing the Caske right vnder it to receiue the same, for it [ 40] should be a great trouble to bring it all downe the staires.

* 1.10They giue Bread, Meate, and Drinke vnto all men that come to them, not onely while they are at their Abbey, but also when they depart, to serue them by the way. There are a great number of such Monasteries in the Realme, and the Emperours Majestie rideth oftentimes from one to another of them, and lyeth at them three or foure dayes together.

The same Monkes are as great Merchants as any in the Land of Russia, and doe occupie buy∣ing and selling as much as any other men,* 1.11 and haue Boates which passe to and fro in the Riuers with Merchandize from place to place where any of their Countrey doe traffique.

* 1.12They eate no flesh during their liues as it is reported: but vpon Sunday, Munday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, it is lawfull for them to eate Egges, Butter, Cheese, and Milke, and at [ 50] all times to eate fish, and after this sort they lead their liues. They weare all blacke Garments, and so doe none other in all the Land, but at that Abbey onely.

They haue no Preachers, no not one in all the Land to instruct the people, so that there are many,* 1.13 and the most part of the poore in the Countrey, who if one aske them how many Gods there be, they will say a great many, meaning that euery Image which they haue is a God: for all the Countrey and the Emperours Majestie himselfe will blesse and bow, and knocke their heads before their Images, insomuch that they will cry earnestly vnto their Images to helpe them to the things which they need. Al men are bound by their Law to haue those Images in their Houses, and ouer euery gate in all their Townes and Cities are Images set vp, vnto which the people bow and bend, and knocke their heads against the ground before them: as often as [ 60] they come by any Church or Crosse they doe in like manner. And when they come to any House, they blesse themselues three or foure times before they will salute any man in the House.

They reckon and hold it for great sinne to touch or handle any of their Images within the

Circle of the board where the painting is, but they keepe them very daintily, and rich men deck them ouer and about with Gold, Siluer, and Stones,* 1.14 and hang them ouer and about with Cloth of Gold.

The Priests are marryed as other men are, and weare all their Garments as other men doe, except their Night-caps, which is cloth of some sad colour,* 1.15 being round and reacheth vnto the eares: their crownes are shauen, but the rest of their haire they let grow, as long as Nature will permit, so that it hangeth beneath their eares vpon their shoulders: their Beards they neuer shaue: if his Wife happen to dye, it is not lawfull for him to marry againe during his life.

They minister the Communion with Bread and Wine after our order,* 1.16 but hee breaketh the [ 10] Bread and putteth it into the Cup vnto the Wine, and commonly some are partakers with them: and they take the Bread out againe with a Spoone together with part of the Wine, and so take it themselues, and giue it to others that receiue with them after the same manner. They will not permit any Nation but the Greekes to be buried in their sacred Burials, or Church-yards. All their Churches are full of Images, vnto the which the people when they assemble, doe bow and knocke their heads, as I haue before said, that some will haue knobs vpon their fore-heads with knocking, as great as Egges. All their seruice is in the Russie Tongue, and they and the com∣mon people haue no other Prayers but this, Ghospodi Iesus Christos esine voze ponuloi nashe.* 1.17 That is to say, O Lord Iesus Christ, Son of God haue mercie vpon vs: and this is their Prayer, so that the most part of the vnlearned know neither Pater Noster, nor the Beliefe, nor Ten Comman∣dements, [ 20] nor scarcely vnderstand the one halfe of their Seruice which is read in their Churches.

When any child is borne, it is not baptized vntill the next Sunday, and if it chance that it be not baptized then, it must tarry vntill the second Sunday after the birth, and it is lawfull for them to take as many God-fathers and God-mothers as they will, the more the better.

When they goe to the Church, the Mid-wife goeth foremost, carrying the Childe,* 1.18 and the God-fathers and God-mothers follow into the midst of the Church, where there is a small Ta∣ble readie set, and on it an Earthen Pot full of warme water, about the which the God-fathers and God-mothers, with the Childe, settle themselues: then the Clerke giueth vnto euery of them a small Waxe Candle burning, then commeth the Priest, and beginneth to say certayne words, which the God-fathers and God-mothers must answere word for word, among which [ 30] one is, that the Child shall forsake the Deuill, and as that name is pronounced, they must all spit at the word as often as it is repeated. Then he blesseth the water which is in the Pot, and doth breathe ouer it: then he taketh all the Candles which the Gossips haue, and holding them all in one hand letteth part of them drop into the water, and then giueth euery one his Candle againe, and when the water is sanctified, he taketh the Child and holdeth it in a small Tub, and one of the God-fathers taketh the Pot with warme water, and powreth it all vpon the Childes head.

After this he hath many more Ceremonies, as anoynting Eares and Eyes with Spittle, and making certayne Crosses with Oyle vpon the backe, head, and brest of the Childe: then taking the Childe in his armes, carryeth it to the Images of Saint Nicholas, and our Ladie, &c. and spea∣keth vnto the Images, desiring them to take charge of the Childe, that he may liue, and beleeue [ 40] as a Christian man or woman ought to doe, with many other words. Then comming backe from the Images, he taketh a paire of sheares and clippeth the young and tender haires of the Childes head, in three or foure places, and then deliuereth the Childe, whereunto euery of the God-fathers and God-mothers lay a hand: then the Priest chargeth them, that the Childe bee brought vp in the faith and feare of God or Christ, and that it be instructed to clinege, and bow to the Images, and so they make an end: then one of the God-fathers must hang a Crosse about the necke of the Childe, which hee must alwayes weare, for that Russe which hath not a Crosse about his necke they esteeme as no Christian man, and thereupon they say that wee are no Chri∣stians, because we doe not weare Crosses as they doe.

Their Matrimonie is nothing solemnized, but rather in most points abominable, and as neere [ 50] as I can l••arne▪ in this wi••e following.* 1.19

First, when there is loue betweene the parties, the man sendeth vnto the woman a small Chest or Boxe, wherein is a Whip, Needles, Threed, Silke, Linnen Cloth, Sheares, and such ne∣cessaries as she shall occupie when she is a Wife, and perhaps sendeth therewithall Raisins, Figs, or some such things, giuing her to vnderstand, that if she doe offend, she must be beaten with the Whip, and by the Needles, Threed, Cloth, &c. that she should apply her selfe diligently to sew, and doe such things as she could best doe, and by the Raisins or Fruits he meaneth if she doe well, no good thing shall bee with-drawne from her, nor bee too deare for her: and shee sendeth vnto him a Shirt, Hand-kerchers, and some such things of her owne making. And now to the effect.

When they are agreed, and the day of Marriage appointed, when they shall goe towards the [ 60] Church, the Bride will in no wise consent to goe out of the House, but resisteth and striueth with them that would haue her out, and fayneth her selfe to weepe, yet in the end, two wo∣men get her out, and lead her towards the Church, her face being couered close, because of her dissimulation, that it should not be openly perceiued: for shee maketh a great noyse, as though she were sobbing and weeping, vntill she come at the Church, and then her face is vncouered. The

man commeth after among other of his friends, and they carrie with them to Church a great Pot of Wine or Meade: then the Priest coupleth them together much after our order, one pro∣mising to loue and serue the other during their liues together, &c. which being done, they be∣ginnne to drinke, and first the woman drinketh to the man, and when he hath drunke he letteth the cup fall to the ground, hasting immediately to tread vpon it, and so doth she, and whether of them tread first vpon it, must haue the victorie and be Master at all times after, which common∣ly happeneth to the man, for he is readiest to set his foot on it, because he letteth it fall himselfe, then they goe home againe, the womans face being vncouered. The Boyes in the streets cry out, and make a noyse in the meane time, with very dishonest words.

When they come home, the Wife is set at the vpper end of the Table, and the Husband next [ 10] vnto her: they fall then to drinking till they be all drunke, they perchance haue a Minstrell or two, and two naked men, which led her from the Church, dance naked a long time before all the company. When they are wearie of drinking, the Bride and the Bridegroome get them to Bed, for it is in the Euening alwayes when any of them are marryed: and when they are going to Bed, the Bridegroome putteth certayne Money, both Gold and Siluer, if he haue it, into one of his Boots, and then sitteth downe in the Chamber, crossing his legges, then the Bride must pluck off one of his Boots, which she will, and if she happen on the Boot wherein the Money is, shee hath not onely the Money for her labour, but is also at such choice, as she need not euer from that day forth to pull off his Boots, but if shee misse the Boot wherein the Money is, she doth not onely lose the Money, but is also bound from that day forwards to pull off his Boots [ 20] continually.

Then they continue in drinking and making good cheere three dayes following, being ac∣companied with certayne of their friends, and during the same three dayes, he is called a Duke, and she a Dutches, although they be very poore persons, and this is as much as I haue learned of their Matrimony: but one common rule is amongst them, if the woman be not beaten with the Whip once a Weeke, she will not be good, and therefore they looke for it orderly, and the wo∣men say, that if their Husbands did not beate them, they should not loue them.

They vse to marry there very young, their Sonnes at sixteeene and eighteene yeares old, and the Daughters at twelue or thirteene yeares or younger: they vse to keepe their Wiues very closely, I meane those that be of any reputation, so that a man shall not see one of them but at [ 30] a chance, when shee goeth to Church at Christmasse or at Easter, or else going to visit some of her friends.

The most part of the women vse to ride a-stride in Saddles with stirrops, as men doe, and some of them on Sleds,* 1.20 which in Summer is not commendable. The Husband is bound to find the Wife colours to paint her with all, for they vse ordinarily to paint themselues: it is such a common practice among them, that it is counted for no shame: they grease their faces with such colours, that a man may discerne them hanging on their faces almost a flight shoot off: I cannot so well liken them as to a Millers Wife, for they looke as though they were beaten about the face with a bagge of Meale, but their Eye-browes they colour as blacke as I eat. The best pro∣pertie that the women haue, is that they can sewe well, and imbroider with Silke and Gold [ 40] excellently.

* 1.21When any man or woman dyeth, they stretch him out, and put a new paire of shooes on his feet, because he hath a great Iourney to goe: then doe they wind him in a sheet, as wee doe, but they forget not to put a testimonie in his right hand, which the Priest giueth him, to testifie vn∣to Saint Nicholas that he dyed a Christian man or woman. And they put the Corse alwayes in a Coffin of Wood, although the partie be very poore: and when they goe towards the Church, the Friends and Kinsmen of the partie departed carrie in their hands small Waxe Candles, and they weepe, and howle, and make much lamentation. They that bee hanged or beheaded, or such like, haue no testimonie with them: how they are reciued into Heauen, it is a wonder, without their Pasport. [ 50]

There are a great number of poore people among them which dye daily for lacke of suste∣nance, which is a pitifull case to behold: for there hath bin buried in a small time, within these two yeares, aboue eightie persons yong and old, which haue dyed onely for lacke of sustenance, for if they had had straw and water enough, they would make shift to liue: for a great many are forced in the Winter to dry straw and stampe it, and to make bread thereof, or at the least they eate it in stead of bread.* 1.22 In the Summer they make good shift with grasse, herbes, and roots: barkes of Trees are good meat with them at all times. There is no people in the World, as I sup∣pose, that liue so miserably as doe the pouertie in those parts: and the most part of them that haue sufficient for themselues, and also to relieue others that need, are so vnmercifull that they care not how many they see dye of famine or hunger in the streets.

It is a Countrey full of Diseases, diuers, and euill, and the best remedie is for any of them, as [ 60] they hold opinion, to goe often vnto the Hot-houses, as in a manner euery man hath one of his owne, which he heateth commonly twice euery weeke, and all the houshold sweat, and wash themselues therein.

The first and principall Meade is made of the juyce or liquor taken from a Berrie, called in Russia, Malieno, which is of a maruellous sweet taste, and of a Carmosant colour,* 1.23 which Berrie I haue seene in Paris. The second Meade is called Visnoua, because it is made of a Berrie so called, and is like a blacke Gooseberrie: but it is like in colour and taste to the red Wine of France. The third Meade is called Amarodina or Smorodina, short, of a small Berrie much like to the small Raisin, and groweth in great plentie in Russia. The fourth Meade is called Chereunikyna, which is made of the wild blacke Cherrie. The fift Meade is made of Honey and Water, with other mixtures. There is also a delicate Drinke drawne from the Root of the Birch Tree, called in the Russe Tongue Berozeuites, which drinke the Noblemen and others vse in Aprill, May, and [ 10] Iune, which are the three moneths of the Spring-time: for after those moneths, the sap of the Tree dryeth, and then they cannot haue it.

I haue by me a Letter of Master Christopher Hoddesdon, written the seuenteenth of Nouem∣ber 1555. wherein he writes, that it seemes, there is no great punishment for breaking their Re∣gion, some of them aduenturing to eate Milke with him on a Fasting day, which yet others re∣fused. Yarost••sly (so he cals the Towne where he writ) is fairer then Volga, the Riuer almost a mile broad: he was asked seuen Altines for a Sturgeon, he had giuen at Danske nine Mark-sprace for a worser: neither had he seene such abundance of Ling in England, as there of Sturgeons, there being in that dayes Market, about three thousand.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The hallowing of the Riuer of Mosco.
• * 1.2

  The Russes Lent.
• * 1.3

  Palme-sunday Procession.
• * 1.4

  The Emperor leade••h the Metropolitans Horse in Pro∣cession.
• * 1.5

  Kissing vsed in the Greeke Church.
• * 1.6

  Monasteries and Monkes.
• * 1.7

  Images.
• * 1.8

  Miracles.
• * 1.9

  Drinkes and Vessels.
• * 1.10

  The Hospitali∣tie of their Monasteries.
• * 1.11

  Monke Mer∣chants.
• * 1.12

  Dyet and Ap∣parell.
• * 1.13

  Want of Prea∣chers cause of great igno∣rance and Ido∣latrie.
• * 1.14

  Sinnes of Su∣perstition.
• * 1.15

  Priests.
• * 1.16

  Sacraments.
• * 1.17

  All their ser∣uice is in their Mother tongue.
• * 1.18

  Baptisme.
• * 1.19

  Of their Ma∣trimonie.
• * 1.20

  The women of Russia paint their faces.
• * 1.21

  Of their Bu∣riall.
• * 1.22

  Bread made of straw.

  The vnmerci∣fulnesse of the Russes toward the poore. Stoues or Baths vsuall with the Mos∣couites.
• * 1.23

  Diuers sorts of Russian Drinkes, re∣ported by Tho∣mas Bulley.