The science of herauldry, treated as a part of the civil law, and law of nations wherein reasons are given for its principles, and etymologies for its harder terms.

CHAP. XVII. Of the SALTYR. (Book 17)

THe Saltyr crux transversalis seu decussis, is a Saint Andrews Cross, and is very ordinary in Scotland, because St. Andrew was our patron Saint; for St. Andrew appeared to Achaius our King upon that Cross, when he fought against the Picts. It was of old one of those Instruments which were us'd as Ladders, to scale the walls of Towns; and therefore it is call'd sautoir by the French, from sauter to leap, because it did help the souldiers to leap over walls: The English write saltyr, but I know no reason for that word: the former reason has in my judgement occasion'd that the Saltyr is with us, and all other nations born ordinarly engrail'd, or ragg'd, as we call it, be∣cause the Souldiers us'd to cut so those trees, for helping them to climb, and to support their feet or hands, upon its nicks.

Upon the account, that the Saltyr is a St. Andrew cross, therefore the An∣dersons carry ar. a Saltyr engrail'd sable betwixt four stars gules.

When five of any thing, as leaves, beasts, &c. are born like a cin{que}, they are said to be born in Saltyr, because of its shape, from the aggreement of a cin{que} and Saltyr in their shapes: And by the Italians it is call'd figura, a for∣ma della lettera, X. and what we call Saltyr-wise, they call Incrotiato a fog∣gia della lettera X. and we in Scotland use the word Saltyr, or St. Andrews equally oft; because the Saint Andrews Cross is one of the Badges of our Nation.

The description of the PLATE belonging to the 16. and 17. Chapters.

The Latine terms of most of the Crosses following, are set down as Syl. Pet. Sta. Vpton, and others have them.

I.

A Plain cross; this is call'd, Crux simplex & plana.

* 1.1Or, a cross gules.

Argent a cross betwixt four Mollets azur.

Ermine, on a cross gules, a crosslet fitched Or, and in the sinister quarter argent two Mollets azur.

* 1.2Argent, a plain cross sable quartered with the coat of Cum∣ming.

II.

A cross engrailed. Crux striata, cannaliculata, seu crispata, By some Ingradata. By Dion in macrino, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

* 1.3Or, a cross engrailed sable.

Argent, a cross ingrailed sable. Sinclair Earl of Caithness bears this cross over all dividing his other coats. Sinclair Lord Sinclair bears the same in an Inescutcheon, others of that name gives, this cross azur.

* 1.4Argent, a cross engrailed betwixt four Roses gules.

III.

A cross waved. Crux undosa.

* 1.5Argent, a crosse engrailed on the outter, and waved on the inner side sable.

* 1.6Quarterly argent and sable, a cross parted per cross indented, coun∣terchanged of the second and first.

IV.

A cross Raguled. Crux arbori similis quae decussis ramalibus undique asperatur, vel Crux truncata, seu undique asperata.

V.

A crosse voided. Crux secta introrsim, seu perforata. It is said to be voided, when the Field appears throughout; but if it be of ano∣ther colour or mettall, It is said to be charged with another of such a colour.

VI.

A crosse potent. Crux patibulata. The French call this, la croix potancée.

* 1.7Argent, a cross potent azur, betwixt four mens hearts proper.

Argent, a cross potent sable, betwixt four mens hearts proper.

Argent, a plain crosse sable, twixt 4 hearts.

VII.

A cross patriarchal. Crux patriarchalis, or as some call it, The cross of Lorrain.

[illustration]

VIII.

A cross calvary. This cross by Morgan pag. 8. is set upon three degrees or steps.

IX.

Crosslet. Crux recruciata, seu cruciata.

* 1.8Or, on a cross azur, five cross-crosslets of the first.

Argent, a cross-crosslet gules, on a chief azur, a Mollet in the dex∣ter canton of the first.

X.

Cross crosslet fitched. Recruciata cuspidata, vexillaris, or accord∣ing to Vpton, cruciata, figitiva.

* 1.9Azur, a bend, betwixt six cross-crosslets fitched Or. This is quar∣tered with the coat of Areskine by the Earl of Mar.

* 1.10Argent, a cross-crosslet fitched sable: quartered in the second place with gules, a closs helmet argent.

XI.

Patée, Crux patula ad scapos, seu crux pateus.

* 1.11Gules, a cross patée Or, betwixt three Mollets argent.

Gules, three crosses patée argent.

Azur, three crosses patée argent.

XII.

Patée fitched. Crux patula desinens in cuspidem oblongam, seu cu••∣pidata.

* 1.12Gules, a bend twixt six crosses patée fitched Or.

Azur, a bend ar••ent twixt six cross patée fitched Or.

Gules, a crosse patée fitched argent, issuing out of the base undie Or.

XIII.

Patée fimbriated, patula fimbriata.

XIV.

Tau, or cross of St. Antony, Crux Sancti Antonii.

XV.

A crosse florie, florida.

* 1.13Or, a crosse florie gules.

Sable, a crosse florie betwixt four Escallops argent.

XVI.

A crosse patonce. This is called by the English, a cross patonce, and by Colomb. pag. 142. Croix enhendée.

* 1.14Argent, a crosse patonce gules, betwixt three Mollets sable.

XVII.

A crosse flurrie, according to Morgan, and by some, patens florida, But Colomb. pag. 136. calls it, Croix flowerdelisée.

XVIII.

A crosse avelane, avellana, the ends thereof resembling the husk of a Filbert-nut.

XIX.

A crosse anchored, anchorata, But Colomb. calls this, The crosse of Maltha, or a crosse patée of eight points: and that Crosse which the French call a crosse anchored, is much like to that figure 22. cal∣led by Morgan, Molin.

XX.

A crosse patonce voided, florida, perfossa seu introrfim secta.

XXI.

A crosse sarcel•• or resarcile by Morgan; by Vpton pag. 219. termed dupla partita flo••ida: but that which the French call croix ressercellée Colomb. pag. 138. differs much from this.

XXII.

A cross moline, according to Morgan; by Upt. mollendinaris: but by the French as is already said, Croix ancrée.

* 1.15Argent, a cross moline sable.

Argent, a crosse moline within a bordur azur.

XXIII.

A cross mil••ine by the English.

XXIV.

A crosse crennelle or imbatled on both sides, undique pinnulata, by the French crenellée & bastillée.

* 1.16Argent, a cross counter-imbatled sable.

XXV.

A crosse furchie, furcata.

There be many other kinds of crosses little differing in forme from some of these before mentioned, but none of them are in use in Scot∣land.

XXVI.

A cross of St. Andrew, the Patron of Scotland, by some termed a saltir Crux Sancti Andreae, decussis, seu crux decussata.

* 1.17Argent, a St. Andrews crosse sable.

Sable, a St. Andrews crosse argent.

* 1.18Argent, a saltir ingrailed sable.

Arg••nt, as s••ltir ingrailed gules, surmounted of another Or, betwixt four Bugles sable.

Or, a saltir verrey.

XXVII.

Or, on a St Andrews cross azur, nine Lozenges of the first; This ought to be an plain crosse, and not ingrailed as in the Plate.

Argent, on a saltir vert, betwixt four crosse-crosslets fitched gules, five Crescents of the Field.

XXVIII.

* 1.19Gules, a saltir betwixt four Crescents Or; quartered with the Coat of Kirkaldy of Inshture being, Gules, three stars argent: The saltir should also be plain in this gentle mans bearing.

* 1.20Argent, a saltir waved betwixt four roses gules.

Argent, a saltir ingrailed betwixt four roses gules.

* 1.21Argent, a saltir betwixt four roses gules.

Argent, a saltir azur, betwixt two Crescents in chief and base gules, and als many garbs in fesse of the second banded Or.

XXIX.

* 1.22Argent, a saltir, and chief gules.

Argent, a saltir gules, and chief waved of the second.

Argent, a saltir gules and chief imbatled of the second.

Argent, a St. Andrews cross azur, on a chief of the second, three cusheons Or.

Argent, a saltir sable, on a chief gules, three cusheons Or.

XXX.

Argent, a saltir couped gules.

* 1.23Argent, a sword in pale azur, hilted and pomelled Or, surmoun∣ted on the point of a Mollergules, overall a saltir couped sable.

* 1.24Or, on a fesse azur, betwixt a bulls head couped in chief, and a Gal∣ly her oars erected saltir-wayes in base sable, a St. Andrews cross argent.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Corsby. Bannatyne of Corhouse Rind.
• * 1.2

  Guthry of that ilk.
• * 1.3

  Rait of Hallgreen. Sinclair of Roslan.
• * 1.4

  Aiton of that ilk.
• * 1.5

  Sinclair of Olbster.
• * 1.6

  Glendin∣ning of that ilk.
• * 1.7

  Miller. Butter of old.

  But now Butter of Gormack gives.
• * 1.8

  Spalding.
• * 1.9

  Mar.
• * 1.10

  Robertoun of Carnock
• * 1.11

  Bennet. Dawson. Duiguid of Auchin∣huiff.
• * 1.12

  Lord Chein of old. Chein of Straloth. Bennet aliter.
• * 1.13

  An••y of Dolphing∣ton.

  Fletcher of Salton.
• * 1.14

  Milne.
• * 1.15

  Colvil lord Colvil of Ochiltry. Sibbald of Ranke••llor
• * 1.16

  Auchinlek of Balman∣no.
• * 1.17

  Maxwell.
• * 1.18

  Litle. Colquhon. Powrie of Wood cocksholm Betson of Contle. Dalrymple of St••ir, now Prae∣sident of Session. Carse of Fordel∣carse.
• * 1.19

  Kinnaird of Inshture.
• * 1.20

  Mcferlan of Kertone Napeir, lord Napeir
• * 1.21

  Lennox of Woodhead Smyth of Gibliston.
• * 1.22

  Bruce of Clackman∣nan.

  Bruce of Balcaskie Bruce of Newtone Kirkpa∣trick of Closburn. Johnston Earl of Annandale
• * 1.23

  Currie. Gorran.
• * 1.24

  Richard∣sone of Smeiton