A new history of ecclesiastical writers containing an account of the authors of the several books of the Old and New Testament, of the lives and writings of the primitive fathers, an abridgement and catalogue of their works ... also a compendious history of the councils, with chronological tables of the whole / written in French by Lewis Ellies du Pin.

CHAP. XIII. (Book 13)

Of the Writers of Ecclesiastical History of the Twelfth Century.

THE Twelfth Century has produc'd so great a Number of Historians, and Historical Works, as well Ecclesiastical as Prophane, that 'tis in a manner impossible to give a par∣ticular Account of every one of them; nevertheless we have endeavour'd to make a Ca∣talogue of them, and at least to represent the Authors, and their Works in general: In order to do which more conveniently, and more methodically, we have distributed them under several Articles and Divisions.

The Writers of General History.

FLORENTIUS BRAVO, an English Monk of Winchester, wrote a Chronicle from the Creation * 1.1 of the World to the Year of our Lord 1118. taken in part from that of Marianus Scotus, prin∣ted at London, A. D. 1595. and at Francfurt in 1601. as also a Genealogical Account of the Kings of England, which is likewise annex'd to the London Edition. He died A. D. 1119.

ECKARD, Abbot of Urangen, in the Diocess of Wurtzburg, flourish'd A. D. 1130. and left a * 1.2 Chronicle to Posterity. Trithemius makes mention of a Work of this Author, call'd, The Lantern of Monks, there are also extant certain Letters and Sermons written by him.

HUGH, a Monk of Fleury, compos'd A. D. 1120. a Chronicle from the Creation of the World * 1.3 to the Year 840. which was printed at Munster in 1638. The same Author wrote two Books concerning the Royal Authority and the Sacerdotal Dignity, which were dedicated to Henry I. King of England, and publish'd by M. Baluzius, in the Fourth Tome of his Miscellaneous Works.

ORDERICUS VITALIS, born in England at Attingesham on the River Severn, A. D. 1075. * 1.4 was sent at the Age of eleven Years to Normandy, and plac'd in the Abby of St. Evrou, where he assim'd the Habit of a Monk, and compleated his Studies. He likewise enter'd into Holy Orders, and spent his whole Life in that Monastery; leaving XIII Books of Ecclesiastical History, from the Nativity of Jesus Christ to the Year 1142. which were publish'd by M. du Chesne, in the Volume of the Historiographers of Normandy.

ANSELM, Abbot of Gemblours in Brabant, continu'd Sigebert's Chronicle from the Year 1112. to * 1.5 1137. This Continuation, with two others, the first of which is extended to the Year 1149. and the second to 1225. was set forth by Albertus Miraeus, and printed at Antwerp, A. D. 1608.

The Birth of OTHO, Bishop of Frisinghen, is no less illustrious than the Reputation he acquir'd by writing his History: For he was the Son of Leopold Marquess of Austria, and of Agnes the Daugh∣ter of the Emperor Henry IV. That Princess was twice marry'd, viz. at first to Frederick Duke of Suevia or Schwaben, to whom she brought forth two Sons, namely, Conrad the Emperor, and Fre∣derick Duke of Suevia: But by her second Marriage with Leopold, she had Leopold Duke of Bavaria, Henry Duke of Austria, Gertrude Dutchess of Bohemia, Bertha Dutchess of Poland, Ita Marchioness 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Montferrat, Otho and Conrad. These two last being design'd by their Father for the Ecclesiasti∣cal Functions, Otho obtain'd the Government of a College, which his Father had founded at Neu∣•…•…g, and where he order'd himself to be bury'd: But Otho soon resign'd his Office to Opoldus, and being incited with an ardent desire of becoming Master of the Liberal Sciences, went to Paris, where he compleated his Studies: Some Years after he turned Cistercian Monk, in the Abbey of Morimond, with Fifteen of his Companions. In 1138. the Emperor Conrad, his Brother, conferr'd 〈◊〉〈◊〉 him the Bishoprick of Frisinghen in Bavaria, and honour'd him with the Dignities of Chancellor and Secretary of State. He accompanied that Prince in his Expedition to the Holy Land. A. D. 1147. and at last in 1156. leaving his Bishoprick, retir'd to the Abbey of Morimond, where he died in the Month of September in the same Year.

This Prelate compos'd a Chronological History from the Creation of the World to his time, divided into Seven Books, and annex'd an Eighth concerning the Persecution to be raised by Anti-christ, and the Resurrection of the Dead. He wrote a very fine Style, with respect to the Age in which he liv'd, and much more politely than the other Historians of those Times. He was well versed in Scholastical Divinity, as also in Aristotle's Philosophy; and was one of the first, who (as Rad••ic has observ'd) introduced that Science into Germany. Upon which Account, 'tis not to be admir'd that he has been very favourable to Gillebert de la Porréc, in the Dissertation prefix'd before his History: It was first published by John Cuspinian, and printed at Strasbourg, A. D. 1515. af∣terwards at Basil in 1569. and among the German Historiographers at Francfur•• in 1585. and 1670. Otho, in like manner, wrote two Books containing the History of the Actions of Frederick Barbe∣••ossa, which are subjoyn'd at the end of his Chronicle Moreover Wolfgangus Lazius says, that he

saw an History of Austria compos'd by the same Otho, but there has been no talk of it since; nei∣ther has it as yet appear'd any where in Print.

GODFREY OF VITERBO, so call'd from the Name of his Native Country, who was a * 1.6 Priest, Almoner, and Secretary of State to the Emperors Conrad III. Frederick I. and Henry VI. wrote an Universal Chronicle, dedicated to Pope Urban III. and call'd Pantheon, by reason of the great Variety of Occurrences contain'd therein: It ends at the Year 1186. and is inserted among the Works of the German Historians collected by Pistorius, and printed at Francfurt in 1584. It is reported that this Writer spent Forty Years in travelling; that he made a prodigious Collection of all sorts of Observations during his Voyages; and that he understood the Hebrew, Chaldaick, Greek, and Latin Tongues. Lambecius makes mention of another Work by the same Author, which is to be seen in Manuscript in the Emperor's Library, bearing this Title, The Mirror of Kings, or Ge∣nealogies of all the Kings and Emperors from the universal Floud to the time of Henry VI.

ROBERT OF TORIGNY, a Monk, afterwards Prior of Bec Abbey, and at last Abbot of St. Mi∣chael's * 1.7 Mount, compos'd a Supplement of Sigebert's Chronicle, and a Continuation to the Year 11••4. as also a Treatise of the Monasteries and Abbies of Normandy; the History of that of St. Michael's Mount, a Commentary on St. Paul's Epistles taken from St. Augustin; and the History of the Reign of Henry II. King of England. Father Luke Dachery has caused to be printed at the end of Guibert's Works the Supplement and Continuation of Sigibert's Chronicle, and the Treatise of the Abbeys of Normandy, with a Letter written by the said Robert, and his Preface to the Commentary on St. Paul's Epistles.

OTHO OF S. BLAISIUS, continu'd the Chronicle of Otho of Frisinghen to the Year 1190. * 1.8

JOHN BROMPTON, an English Monk of the Cistercian Order, and Abbot of Jorval in the Diocess of York, is the reputed Author of a certain Chronicle from the Year 588. to 1198. but the learned Mr. Selden assures us, that it was not written by him; that he only caus'd it to be tran∣scrib'd, and that he did not live in this Century.

Historians of England.

THE Kingdom of England has brought forth so many approved Authors, who have ••mploy'd their Pens in writing the History of their Native Country, that they well deserve to be re∣ferr'd to a particular Article.

HENRY OF HUNTINGTON, the Son of a marry'd Priest named Nicolas, and the Pupil of Albinus Andegavius Canon of Lincoln, was made Canon of the same Church, and afterwards * 1.9 Arch-deacon of Huntington, by Alexander Bishop of Lincoln, whom he accompanied in his Journey to Rome. He wrote the History of the English Monarchy from its first Foundation till the Death of King Stephen, which happen'd in 1154. It is dedicated to the said Bishop Alexander, and divided into Eight or Ten Books, being contain'd among the Works of the English Writers in Sir Henry Savil's Collection, printed at London A. D. 1596. and at Francfurt in 1601. Father Luke Dachery has likewise published in the Eighth Tome of his Spicilegium a small Tract of this Author, con∣cerning the Contempt of the World, dedicated to Gauterius. He there shews how the Things of this sublunary World ought to be contemned, relating many Examples of Misfortunes that hap∣pen'd to the Great Personages of his Age, and the miserable Death of divers profligate Wretches: He declares, in the Preface to this Tract, that he had before made a Dedication to the same Person of a Collection of Epigrams, and of a Poem about Love. There are also in the Libraries of Ox∣ford and Cambridge several other Manuscript Works of this Author, particularly a Letter concerning the British Kings, dedicated to Warinus; a Treatise of the Counties of Great Britain; another of the Image of the World; and a Third of the English Saints.

WILLIAM LITTLE, known by the Name of Gu••i••lmus Neubrigensis, was born at Bridlington near York, A. D. 1136. and educated in the Convent of the Regular Canons of Neutbridge, where * 1.10 he embraced the Monastick Life: He compos'd a large History of England, divided into Five Books, from the Year 1066. to 1197. This History is written with much Fidelity, and in a smooth and intelligible Style. It was printed at Antwerp A. D. 1567. ar Heidelberg in 1587. and lastly at Paris with John Picard's Notes in 1610. It is believ'd that he died A. D. 1208.

WALTER, born in the Principality of Wales, Arch-deacon, and even (as some say) Bishop of Oxford, translated out of English into Latin the History of England, composed by Geffrey of Mon∣mouth, * 1.11 and continued to his time.

JOHN PYKE, wrote an History of the English, Saxon, and Danish Kings of England, and flourished with the former Historian under King Henry I.

GERVASE, a Monk of Canterbury, compos'd several Treatises relating to the History of Eng∣land, which are contain'd in Mr. Selden's Collection of the English Historiographers; particularly * 1.12 a Relation of the burning and repairing of the Cathedral Church of Canterbury; an Account of the Contests between the Monks of Canterbury, and Baldwin their Archbishop; a Chronicle from the Year 1122. to 1199. and the Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury.

GEFFREY ARTHUR, Arch-deacon of St. Asaph, was chosen Bishop of that Diocess A. D. 1151. He left his Bishoprick by reason of certain Commotions which happen'd in Wales, and re∣tir'd * 1.13 to the Court of Henry II. King of England, who gave him the Abbey of Abbington in Commen∣dam. Afterwards in a Council held at London, A. D. 1175. the Clergy of St. Asaph caus'd a Pro∣posal to be made to Geffrey by the Archbishop of Canterbury, either to return to his Bishoprick, or to admit another Bishop to be substituted in his room: He refus'd to return, designing to keep his

Abbey; but both the Abbey and the Bishoprick were dispos'd of, and he was left destitute of any Ecclesiastical Preferment. He wrote, or rather translated out of English into Latin, an History of Great Britain from the beginning to his time; which is full of Fables, dedicated to Robert Duke of Glocester, and divided into Twelve Books. It was printed at Paris A. D. 1517. at Lyons by Potelier in 1587. and by Commelin in the same Year; it is also inserted among the Works of the English Historians printed that Year at Heidelberg. It is reported that he, in like manner, translated out of English into Latin, the ancient Prophecies of Merlin, which were printed at Francfurt with Alanus's Observations, A. D. 1603.

The History of the Church of Durham was written by several Authors, the first of whom is * 1.14 TURGOT, a Monk of that Diocess, who compos'd one from its first Foundation to the Year 1096.

SIMEON OF DURHAM, copied out Turgot's History almost word for word, from the Year * 1.15 635. to 1096. and continued it to 1154. He likewise wrote an History of the Kings of England and Denmark, from the Year 731. to 1130. A Letter to Hugh Dean of York, about the Archbi∣shops of that City; and a Relation of the Siege of Durham. These Three last Pieces were pub∣lished by Father Labbé, in the first Tome of his Library of Manuscripts. The Historians of the Church of Durham, by Turgot and Simeon, were printed at London, with the Works of the other English Historiographers, A. D. 1652.

WILLIAM OF SOMERSET, a Monk of Malmesbury, is justly preferr'd before all the other * 1.16 English Historians. His History of England, divided into Five Books, contains the most remark∣able Transactions in this Kingdom, since the arrival of the Saxons to the 28th Year of King Henry I. that is to say, from the Year of our Lord 449. to 1127. He afterwards added Two Books, con∣tinuing the History to A. D. 1143. and annexed to the whole Work Four Books, containing the History of the Bishops of England, from Augustin the Monk, who first planted Christianity in these Parts, to his time. These Works were printed at London, and published by Sir Henry Savil, A. D. 1596. and at Francfurt in 1601. Father Mabillon has likewise set forth, in the first Tome of his Benedictin Centuries, the Life of St. Adelm Bishop of Salisbury, compos'd by this Author, who died A. D. 1143.

JOHN OF HEXAM, a Native of the County of Northumberland, Monk and Provost of the * 1.17 Monastery of Hagulstadt, flourished about the Year 1160. He made a Continuation of Simeon of Durham's History of the Kings of England and Denmark, from A. D. 1130. to 1154. This Work is extant among those of the other English Historians, printed at London in 1652.

SYLVESTER GIRALD, born in Wales, flourished in the end of the Reign of King Henry II. to whom he dedicated a Natural History, a Topography of Ireland, and a History, in form of a Prediction, of the Conquest of Ireland by that Monarch, printed at Antwerp. These Works were published by Mr. Camden, and printed at Francfurt in 1602. He also wrote an Itinerary of Wales, upon a Visitation there made by him, with Baldwin Archbishop of Canterbury, to excite the People of that Country to undertake a Voyage to the Holy Land. This last Work is extant among the others, and was likewise printed at London in 1585. with a Description of the same Country of Wales. Besides these Pieces, he wrote the Lives of several Saints, and died Bishop of St. Davids in the beginning of the following Century. One of his Letters is contain'd in Archbishop Usher's Collection of the Letters of Ireland, and divers other Works of this Author are found among the Manuscripts of the publick Libraries of England.

ROGER OF HOVEDEN, an Officer under King Henry II. and afterwards Regius Professor * 1.18 of Divinity in the University of Oxford, compos'd the Annals of England from the Year 731. where Venerable Bede ends to 1202. This Work is among those of the English Historians pub∣lished by Sir Henry Savil, and printed at London A. D. 1595, as also at Francfurt in 1601.

Historiographers of the Crusade.

THE History of the Famous Crusade, instituted under Pope Urban II. and the Conquests which the Western People made in the Levant, from the Year 1095. to 1099. have afforded Matter to many contemporary Historians, the greater part of whom were Eye-witnesses of the Transactions related by them.

The First of these Historiographers is PETRUS THEUTBODUS, who saw the most part of * 1.19 the memorable Actions which he has committed to Writing; and from whom those that wrote after him, took a considerable Part of their Relations.

The Second is a NAMELESS Italian Author, who accompanied Boamond King of Sicily in the Expedition to the Holy Land. His Work is known by the Title of, The notable Exploits of the French, and other Christians of Jerusalem, and divided into Four Books.

The Third is ROBERT, a Monk of St. Remy at Rheims, who assisted in the Council of Cler∣mont * 1.20 in the Year 1095. and afterwards made a Voyage to the Holy Land. At his return, he wrote the History of the War of Jerusalem, divided into Eight or Nine very short Books: He excuses himself in the Preface, upon account of the roughness of his Style.

The Fourth is BAUDRY, Abbot of Bourgueil, who was afterwards ordain'd Bishop of Dol, A. D. * 1.21 1114, and died January 27. 1131. His History is divided into Four Books; but he was not an Eye-witness of what he relates, although he assisted in the Council of Clermont: Therefore he contents himself only to follow, and to supply the defects of an ancient nameless History, which

was ill written, inserting such Accounts as he had receiv'd from others. This Author likewise wrote the Life of St. Hugh Archbishop of Rouen, and a Tract concerning the Monastery of Fes∣camp, published in the Book called Neustria pia. To him also is attributed the Life of Robert d'Arbrisselles, which is in Surius, and the History of the Translation of St. Valentin's Head, which is extant in Bollandus's Collection in Febr. 14. Moreover it is observ'd that he is the Author of the Life of St. Samson, and that he promises certain Notes on the Pentateuch, in the Preface to his Hi∣story. Lastly, 'tis reported that there is a small Manuscript Tract of the same Bishop Baudry, con∣cerning the Visitation of the Sick, in the Library of Vienna in Austria. He was employ'd in writ∣ing his History near the end of his Life.

The Fifth is RAIMOND D'AGILES, Canon of Puy, and Chaplain to the Count of Thoulouse, * 1.22 who was an Eye-witness. He wrote this History at the Request of Peter Ponce de Baladin, a par∣ticular Friend of the said Count, who was kill'd in the Siege of Arache, and dedicated it to the Bishop of Viviers.

The Sixth is ALBERT, or ALBERIC, Canon of Aix in Provence, who compos'd his History * 1.23 from the Relations of others: It is extended to the Second Year of the Reign of Baldwin II. that is to say, to A. D. 1120.

The Seventh is FOUCHER, a Monk of Chartres, who accompanied Robert Duke of Normandy in the Expedition to the Holy Land, A. D. 1095. His History is carried on to the Year 1124. But Guibert of Nogent accuses him of having written fabulous Narrations.

GAUTIER, or GAUTERIUS, who assumes the Quality of Chancellor, is the Eighth: He published an History of the Advantages obtain'd by the Western Christians at Antioch, A. D. 1115. and of the Misfortunes that befel them in 1119. He was an Eye-witness of those Occurrences, and was taken Prisoner in the War; but his History is not very accurate.

The Ninth is GUIBERT, Abbot of Nogent, an Author of great Note, whose Works deserve * 1.24 to be specified in a separate Article.

The Tenth is a NAMELESS Writer, who has only made an Abridgment of Foucher's History, to the Year 1106. where he ended.

The Eleventh is another Anonymous Author, who compos'd a Relation of the same Transac∣tions, under the Title of the History of Jerusalem: It was divided into Two Parts, but the Second is only extant, which begins at the Year 1110. and ends in 1124. This Author has in like man∣ner only follow'd Foucher.

The Twelfth, and most considerable of the Writers of this History, is WILLIAM Archbishop of Tyre, who has deduc'd it from the beginning of the Crusade to the Year 1183. in XXIII. Books. It is probable that this Author was a Native of Syria; however he passed very young into the Western Countries, and having compleated his Studies, return'd to the Levant, where he was or∣dain'd Arch-deacon of the Church of Tyre, A. D. 1167. Afterwards he was employ'd in the Nego∣ciations that were transacted between the Kings of Jerusalem, and the Greek Emperors; and at last was advanc'd to the Dignity of Archbishop of Tyre, in the Month of May 1174. In 1179. he as∣sisted in the Council of Lateran, the Acts of which were drawn up by him: He return'd from Italy by Constantinople, and after having resided some time at the Court of the Emperor Manuel Comnenus, arriv'd at Tyre twenty Months after his departure. The Patriarchal See of Jerusalem be∣ing then vacant, William of Tyre was nominated to fill it up; but a certain Clerk of Auvergne, named Heraclius, Archbishop of Coesarea, was preferr'd before him; nevertheless William refus'd to acknowledge his Election, and cited him to Rome; where he went incontinently, and was kind∣ly entertain'd by the Pope. In the mean while Heraclius, before he came thither, sent a Physitian, who poyson'd William of Tyre: But the later foretold before his Death, that the Christians should lose the City of Jerusalem, and the real Cross, under the Government of Heraclius, which hap∣pen'd a little while after.

William of Tyre wrote his History by the Order of Amaury King of Jerusalem: He makes use of the Memoires of other Historians to the Reign of Baldwin III. and afterward relates such Matters as fel•• within the compass of his own knowledge, but the Twenty third Book is not finished. His Style is plain and natural, shewing much Sagacity of Judgment, Modesty, and Learning, with respect to the time when he liv'd. He likewise compos'd the History of the Levantine Princes, from the Year 614. to 1184. but this Work is not as yet come to our Hands.

The Thirteenth Historiographer is JAMES DE VITRY, who did not flourish till the following * 1.25 Century. This Author, after having been Curate of Argenteuil, became a Regular Canon in the Monastery of Oignies, in the Diocess of Namur. He preached up the Crusade against the Albigeois, and afterwards against the Saracens, and took upon him the Cross for the Holy War in Palestine▪ He was ordain'd Archbishop of Ptolemais, and at last, by way of Recompence for the Services he had done the See of Rome, was invited thither by Pope Honorius III. and created Cardinal: He was also sent into France in Quality of Legate, to preach up a new Crusade against the Albigeois, and at his return to Rome died there A. D. 1244. after having order'd his Body to be convey'd to Oignies. His History is divided into Three Books; in the First of which, he gives an Account of the State of the Eastern Churches; in the Second, of that of the Western; and in the last, of the Occurrences which happen'd in the Levant in his time. There is also extant a Letter by the same Author about the taking of Damietta, which follows his History; and another Letter, containing a Relation of the Transactions before Damietta, which was written in 1219. to Pope Honorius III▪ and published by Father Dachery in the Eighth Tome of his Spicilegium.

The Fourteenth is a NAMELESS Author, who liv'd at that time, and wrote the History of * 1.26 Jerusalem, from the Year 1177. to 1190.

To these Histories may be added divers Letters written by several Kings, Princes and Prelates, to Lewes the Young, King of France; as also a Relation of the taking of Damietta by Oliver of Colen, and some other Monuments gather'd together by Bongarsius, in his Collection of the Histo∣riographers of the Crusade, call'd Gesta Dei per Francos, printed at Hanaw A. D. 1611. in which all the Works but now recited are contain'd. Some of them were printed separately, as the Hi∣story by Robert Monk of St. Remy, of which there is an old Edition without the Printer's Name, or the Date of the Year; and another at Basil in 1533. There is only one part of Foucher's History in this Collection, but M. du Chesne has published it entire among the Works of the French Histo∣riographers. Alberic's History was printed at Helmstadt in 1589. under the Title of the Chronicle of Jerusalem; that of William of Tyre was published by Poisnot, and printed at Basil in 1546. and afterward by Henry de Pantaleon, printed at the same Place in 1560. And lastly, James de Vitry's History was printed at Doway in 1597.

Writers of Chronicles, and particular Histories.

HUGH, a Monk of Verdun, and afterwards Abbot of Flavigny in the Dutchy of Burgundy, * 1.27 composed a Chronicle of Verdun divided into Two Parts, one of which begins at the Nati∣vity of Jesus Christ, and ends in the Year 1002. and the other continues the History to 1102. This Work was published by Father Labbé, who gives a very great Character of it, in the first Tome of his new Library of Manuscripts; but the second Part is much more valuable than the first.

BAUDRY, Secretary to Gerard I. Lietbert and Gerard II. Bishops of Cambray, afterward Chan∣ter * 1.28 and Canon of Terouane, and at last Bishop of Noyon and Terouane, wrote the History of the Churches of Cambray and Arras, under the Title of the Chronicle of Cambray, published by Col∣venerius and printed at Doway A. D. 1615. This Author was ordain'd Bishop in the Year of our Lord 1097. and died in 1112.

LEO OF MARSI, a Monk and Library-Keeper of Mount Cassin, was made Bishop of Sessa, and Cardinal Bishop of Ostia, by Pope Paschal II. A. D. 1101. He escap'd by flight from Rome, with John Bishop of Frescati, when that Pope was apprehended by the Emperor Henry V. and run all about Italy to excite the People to take up Arms in his defence: He also sign'd a Bull of the same Pope Paschal II. in 1115. and died a little while after. He wrote a Chronicle of the Abbey of Mount Cassin divided into Three Books, which begins at the time of St. Benedict, and ends in that of the Abbot Desiderius, who was chosen Pope under the Name of Victor III. This Chro∣nicle was printed at Venice A. D. 1513. at Paris with that of Aimoin in 1603. at Naples in 1616. and again at Paris in 1668. It is reported that there are some other Manuscript Tracts of this Au∣thor, * 1.29 particularly certain Sermons, and Lives of the Saints, &c. In the Vatican Library are to be seen several Letters of another LEO, in like manner Cardinal Deacon, who was promoted to that Dignity by Urban II. and who made a Register of the Letters written by the same Pope.

HARIULPHUS, a Monk of St. Riquier, compos'd a Chronicle of his Abbey, printed in the * 1.30 fourth Tome of Father Dachery's Spicilegium; the Life of St. Arnoul of Soissons, published by Surius; a Treatise of the Miracles of St. Riquier; and the Life of St. Maldegi••ilus, set forth by Father Mabillon in his Benedictin Centuries. This Author wrote in the beginning of the Twelfth Century.

RAINERIUS, a Monk of St. Laurence at Liege, who flourished A. D. 1130. is the Author of a * 1.31 Treatise of the illustrious Personages of his Monastery, and of the Bishoprick of Liege, published by Chapeaville, in his Collection of Monuments relating to the Church of Liege.

HERMAN, a Monk of St. Vincent at Laon, and afterwards Abbot of St. Martin at Tournay, flou∣rished in the beginning of this Century. He wrote a large Narrative of the Restauration of the Church of St. Martin at Tournay, which contains the History of that Abbey, from the Reign of Philip I. King of France, to his time; that is to say, to the Year 1150. being inserted in the Twelfth Tome of Father Dachery's Spicilegium. He likewise compil'd Three Books of the Mira∣cles of St. Mary of Laon, printed with the Works of Guibert of Nogent, and another Manuscript Treatise about the Incarnation of Jesus Christ, dedicated to Stephen Archbishop of Vienna.

FALCO OF BENEVENTUM, who was created Magistrate of that City by Pope Innocent II. left a Chronicle or History from the Year 1102. to 1140. in which he gives a particular Account of Matters relating to his Native Country. This Work was published by Father Caracioli of the Theatine Order, and printed at Naples A. D. 1626.

UDASCALCHUS, a Monk, compos'd a Relation of the Controversies between Herman Bi∣shop * 1.32 of Augsburg, and Egino Abbot of St. Ulric, with a Poem concerning the Voyage and Death of the said Egino, published by Canisius in the Second Tome of his Collection. This Author wrote in the time of Pope Paschal II. and of Arnulphus Archbishop of Mentz, some of whose Letters are inserted by him in his Relation.

ALEXANDER, an Abbot in Sicily, compil'd Four Books of the Life and Reign of Roger King * 1.33 of Sicily, which were printed at Saragossa, A. D. 1578. and in the Book called Hispania illustrata. This Author wrote after the Death of King Roger, which happen'd in 1154.

JOHN, a Monk of Marmotuier, wrote the History of the Actions of Geffrey Plantagenet, Count * 1.34 of Angers and Duke of Normandy, published by M. du Bouchel, and printed at Paris A. D. 1610. as also in M. du Chesne's Collection of the Historians of Normandy.

GEFFREY, or WALTER DE VINESAUF, of Norman Extraction, but born in England, af∣ter having run through a Course of Learning in his Native Country, travell'd beyond Sea, and ac∣quir'd a great deal of Reputation. He compos'd a Work in Hexameter Verse, dedicated to Pope Innocent III▪ under the Title of The new Poesy, or the Art of Speaking; and another Treatise about the planting and improving of Trees. Both these Works are only in Manuscript; but in the Se∣cond Tome of the English Historians, printed at Oxford in 1687. is contain'd his History, or the Itinerary of King Richard I. to the Holy Land, which was attributed to other Authors; in the same Place are also found certain Copies of Verses on King Richard.

ODO OF DEUIL, Abbot of St. Cornelius at Compeigne, and afterward Successor to Suger in * 1.35 the Abbey of St. Denis, wrote a Relation of the Voyage of Lewes VII. King of France to the Le∣vant, published by Father Chifflet in his Treatise of the Nobility of St. Bernard, printed at Paris A. D. 1660. This Author died in 1168.

LAURENCE, a Monk of Liege, being sent to Verdun resided in the Monastery of St. Vito, and was employ'd in writing a Chronicle of the Bishops of that Diocess to the Year 1148. printed in the Twelfth Tome of the Spicilegium: It is reported that he liv'd till A. D, 1179.

SUGER, Abbot of St. Denis, famous as well for his Learning and Zeal in maintaining the Rights of the Church, as on account of the Nobleness of his Birth, and the considerable Employ∣ments he obtain'd in the State, wrote the Life of Lewes the Gross King of France; divers Letters relating to the publick Affairs of the Kingdom, during his Administration of the Government; a Treatise of his Transactions in the Abbey of St. Denis; a Narrative of the Consecration of that Church; with certain Constitutions, and his last Will and Testament. These Monuments are extant in the Fourth Tome of the Historians by du Chesne; except the Account of the Consecra∣tion of the Church, which is not there entire, and to which Father Mabillon added a Supplement, in the First Tome of his Analecta. Suger was chosen Abbot of St. Denis A. D. 1122. during his residence at Rome, and consecrated in 1123. He died in 1153.

ALDEBERT, or ALBERT, Abbot of Hildesheim, flourished in the Year 1160. He wrote a Relation of the Restauration of his Monastery to the Benedictins under Pope Eugenius III. which * 1.36 was published by Gretser, and printed at Ingolstadt A. D. 1617.

TEULPHUS, a Monk of Maurigny, compos'd in the Year 1150. a Chronicle of his Monastery, from A. D. 1008. to 1147. which is to be found in the Three Tomes of the Historians by M. du Chesne.

HUGH OF POITIERS, a Benedictin Monk, Secretary to the Abbey of Vezelay, began in the Year 1156. by Order of Ponce Abbot of Vezelay, the History of that Monastery, and com∣pleated it in 1167. under William Abbot of the same Abbey. It is divided into Four Books, and was published by Father Dachery in the Third Tome of his Spicilegium.

RICHARD, an English Man of the County of Northumberland, Monk and Prior of the Mo∣nastery of Hagulstadt, flourished An. Dom. 1180. and died in 1190. His Works were published among those of the English Historians, printed at London in 1652. They are, an History of the Church and Bishops of Hagulstadt; that of the Actions of King Stephen; and that of the War manag'd by Standardius from A. D. 1135. to 1139.

THIERRY, or THEODERIC, a Monk, wrote about the Year 1180. a compendious Hi∣story of Ecclesiastical Affairs, and of the Kings of Norway, published with another Piece of a NAMELESS Author, concerning the Expedition which the Danes undertook to the Holy Land, A. D. 1185. which was set forth by Gasper Kirkman, from the Memoires of John Kirkman of Lub•••• his Uncle, and printed at Amsterdam in 1684.

GEFFREY, a French Monk of the Monastery of St. Martial at Limoges, and afterward Prior of Vigeois in the same Diocess, who was ordain'd Priest in 1167. by Geraud Bishop of Ca∣hors, wrote a Chronicle or History of France from the Year 996. to 1184. which was published by Father Labbe in the Second Tome of his new Library of Manuscripts.

GONTHIER, or GONTHERIUS, a Monk of the Abbey of St. Amand, had the Reputation of being a good Poet, and compos'd a Poem of the Exploits of the Emperor Frederick Barberossa in Lombardy and Liguria, which on that Account was called The Ligurine, and was printed at Stras∣burg A. D. 1531. as also at Basil in 1569. at Francfurt in 1584. and among the German Historians▪ He likewise wrote a Treatise of Prayer, Fasting and Alms-giving, printed at Basil in 1504. and 1507. The Lives of St. Cyricius, and St. Julia in Verse, are also attributed to the sam•• Author,

SAXO, sir-nam'd the Grammarian, by reason of the purity of his Style, was a Dane by Na∣tion, of the Isle of Seeland. He was Provost of the Church of Roschild, and Chaplain to Absalom * 1.37 Archbishop of Lunden, who sent him to Paris A. D. 1177. to conduct the Monks of St. Genevieve into Denmark. He wrote the History of his native Country to the Year 1186. Erasmus extols the vivacity of his Conceptions, the nobleness of his Expressions, the fluency of his Rhetorick, and the admirable variety of his Figures, and wonders much, by what means a Dane could arrive at such a height of Eloquence in that Age. He chiefly affected to imitate Valerius Maximus. His History was published by Christian Petri, Canon of Lunden, and printed at Paris A. D. 1514. John Bebelius caus'd it to be printed at Basil in 1534. as also did Philip Leonicier, and John Fichard at Francfurt in 1576. Lastly, Johannes Stephanius set forth a more large and

correct Edition of it, with Prolegomena and Annotations, at Sora in 1644. This Author died in 1204.

RALPH DE DICETO, an English Man by Nation, and Dean of St. Paul's at London, a Person * 1.38 well known on account of his Learning and Travels into Foreign Countries, wrote a compendious Chronicle from the Creation of the World to the Year 1198. The first Part of it ending at the time of Pope Gregory the Great was never published, because it only contain'd trivial Matters. He also compos'd certain Historical Tracts call'd Portraitures, from A. D. 1148. to 1200. These Works are among those of the English Historians printed at London in 1652.

Writers of Relations of the Lives and Miracles of Saints.

ANSCHERUS Abbot of St. Riquier compos'd in the Year 1110. a Relation of the Life and * 1.39 Miracles of St. Angilbert Abbot of the same Monastery, which was published by Father Ma∣billon in the first Tome of his Benedictin Centuries.

THEOFREDUS, Abbot of Epternach in the Dutchy of Luxemburg, wrote a large Account of the Life of St. Wilbrod the first Bishop of Utrecht; Four Books of Epitaphs of Saints, printed at Luxemburg A. D. 1619. and certain Sermons, which are inserted in the Book call'd Bibliotheca Patrum.

RAINAUD, or RAINOLDUS OF SEMUR, the Son of Dalmace de Semur and Aremberge du Vergey, of an illustrious Family in Burgundy, being the Brother of Hugh Abbot of Cluny, was chosen Abbot of Vezelay, and assisted in that Quality in the Council of Troyes, A. D. 1104. He was afterwards promoted to the Archbishoprick of Lyons, and died in 1109. in the 85th. Year of his Age, leaving a Narration of the Life of Hugh his Brother Abbot of Cluny, which is extant in the Bibliotheca Cluniacensis published by M. du Chesne.

NICOLAS, a Monk of Soissons, wrote in the Year 1120. the Life of St. Godfrey Bishop of * 1.40 Amiens, dedicated to Rohard Bishop of Soissons, and referr'd to by Surius in Novemb. 8.

DOMNISO, an Italian Priest, liv'd in the end of the preceeding Century, and in the beginning of the present, under the Emperors Henry IV. and Henry V. He wrote in Heroick Verse, the Life of the Princess Mathilda printed by Sebastian Tingnagelius at Ingolstadt A. D. 1612. with the Letters of Gebhard of Saltzburg, Sigefred of Mentz, and Stephen of Halberstadt, relating to the contest be∣tween the Emperor and Pope Gregory; as also the Treaty of Bertholdus of Constance about excommu∣nicated Persons; the Lives of St. Altman of Passaw, Thiemo of Saltzburg, and Anselm of Lucca, written by nameless Authors. and Hesso's Treatise concerning the Transactions between the Em∣peror Henry V. and Pope Calixtus II. in 1119.

AELNOTH, a Monk of St. Augustin at Canterbury, flourished in the beginning of this Century, * 1.41 and spent a considerable part of his Life in Denmark, where (as 'tis reported) he resided 24 Years. He wrote about A. D. 1120. an Historical Account of the Life and Passion of Canut King of that Country, which was published by Arnold Whitfield A. D. 1602. and afterward printed with Meur∣sius's Notes at Hanaw in 1631.

GUALBERT, a Monk of the Abbey of Marchiennes, compos'd in the Year 1125. or 1126. Two * 1.42 Books, concerning the Miracles wrought by St. Rictruda.

PANDULPHUS OF PISA flourished A. D. 1130. and wrote the Life of Pope Gelasius II. who died at Cluny in 1119. It was printed at Rome in 1638.

FABRICIUS TUSCUS, Abbot of Abbington in England, wrote a Relation of the Life and Actions of St. Adelm an Abbot in Scotland. He flourished in the beginning of the present Century.

AUCTUS, a Native of FLORENCE, and Abbot of the Monastery of Valombra, or Vall'Om∣brosa, in the Territories of that City, who flourished in the beginning of the Century, has left us the Life of St. John Gualbert, and that of Bernard Hubert Cardinal, with a Narrative of the Trans∣lation of the Head of St. James the Apostle.

ODO, Abbot of St. Remy at Rheims, sent a Letter to Count Thomas Lord of Coucy, which is still extant, and contains the Relation of a Miracle, which he heard at Rome from the Mouth of a certain Archbishop of India concerning the Body of St. Thomas the Apostle, which was interr'd in his Church. This Letter was written about A. D. 1135. for the next Year, Odo return'd from Rome to France, and gave Lands to the House of Mont-Dieu belonging to the Carthusians.

GEFFREY THE GROSS, a Monk of Tiron, wrote in the Year 1135. the Life of St. Bernard Abbot of that Monastery, referr'd to by the Bollandists in April 14.

ULRIC, a Monk of St. Blasius in the Black Forest, who was afterwards promoted to the Bishop∣rick of Constance A. D. 1120. wrote the Life of St. Gebehard Bishop of Augsburg cited by Canisius, and that of St. Conrad, Bishop of the same City, whose Canonization he had obtain'd of the Pope. In the end of his Life he left his Bishoprick, and return'd to the Monastery of St. Blasius in 1138. where he died in 1140.

ARCHARD, a Cistercian Monk, and Tutor to the Novices in the Abbey of Clairvaux, in St. Bernard's time, compos'd a Relation of the Life of St. Geselin a Hermit, which was published by Arnoldus Raisius, and printed at Doway A. D. 1626. It is also reported, that he made certain Ser∣mons for the use of the Novices. He flourished in 1140.

At the same time SIFRED, EBBO, THIMO, and HERBORD, wrote the Life of St. Otho, * 1.43 who first planted Christianity in Pomerania, and died A. D. 1139. This Piece is inserted by Cani∣sius in his Antiquities.

To these Writers may be added ROBERT, Arch-deacon of Ostervandt in Haynaut, who com∣pos'd a Narrative of the Life of St. Aibert, a Monk and Priest of the Monastery of Crespin, referr'd to by Surius, and a NAMELESS Author, who wrote the Life of St. Ludger in Verse.

TURSTIN, Archbishop of York, who near the end of his Life retir'd to a Monastery of his Diocess call'd Rippon-Springs of the Cistercian Order, wrote a small Tract concerning the Original of that Monastery.

THIBAUD, or THEOBALD, a Benedictin Monk of Peter at Beze in Burgundy, compil'd in the middle of the Century Four Books, concerning the Acts, Translation, and Miracles of St. Pru∣dentius Martyr, published by Father Labbé in his new Library of Manuscripts.

HUGH, a Monk of Cluny, wrote in the Year 1160. a Letter giving an Account of the ex∣cellent Endowments of St. Hugh, sometime Abbot of the same Monastery, and afterwards the entire Life of that Saint, which is inserted in the Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, and in Surius.

GAUTIER, or GAUTERIUS, a Canon of Teroaune, compos'd a Narration of the Life and Martyrdom of Charles sir-nam'd the Good, Count of Flanders, which was set forth by Father Sirmond, A. D. 1615.

NICOLAS, a Canon of Liege, wrote the Life of St. Lambert, published by Chapeaville in his Collection of Pieces relating to the said Church of Liege.

ALANUS, a Native of Lisle in Flanders, a Monk of Clairvaux, and afterwards Abbot of Larivoir, a Monastery of the Order of Clairvaux in the Diocess of Trier, was made Bishop of Auxerre A. D. 1153. and compos'd an Abridgment of the Life of St. Bernard, published by Father Mabillon. He left his Bishoprick to return to Clairvaux in 1161. and died in 1182.

SIBRAND, Abbot of Mariegard in Frieseland, is the Author of an Account of the Life of St. Frederick, Founder of that Abbey, who died A. D. 1175. Sibrand wrote some time after.

BERTRAND, Abbot of La Chaise-Dieu, compil'd the History of the Life and Miracles of Ro∣bert the first Founder of that Abbey, which is divided into Three Parts, and was published by Father Labbé in the Second Tome of his new Library of Manuscripts.

ROUL, or RADULPHUS, sir-nam'd TORTARIUS, wrote a Book concerning the Mira∣cles of St. Benedict, set forth by Father Mabillon in the Fourth Benedictin Century.

STEPHEN, Abbot of St. James at Liege, wrote in the beginning of the Century the Life of St. Modoaldus Archbishop of Trier, divided into Three Books, and the History of the Translation of that Saint, published by Surius and the Bollandists.

HUGH, a Monk of St. Saviour at Lodeve, compos'd a Relation of the Conversion of Ponce de Laraze, Founder of that Monastery, which was set forth by M. Baluzius in the Third Tome of his Miscellaneous Works.

HERMAN, a Jew of Colen, being converted by the Sermons of Egbert Bishop of Munster, and by the Conferences he had with Abbot Rupert, retir'd to a Monastery of Regular Canons in his na∣tive Country. He wrote a small Tract about his Conversion, published by Carpzovius in the last Edition of Raimond, printed at Lipsick in 1687.

THOMAS, a Monk of Ely in England, wrote an Account of the Life and Translation of St. Ethel∣drith the first Abbess of Ely, who died A. C. 679. This Piece was published by Father Mabillon in the Second Benedictin Century,

Notes

• * 1.1

  Florentius Bravo, Monk of Winchest.
• * 1.2

  Eckard, Abbot of Urangen.
• * 1.3

  Hugh, Monk of Fleury.
• * 1.4

  Ordericus Vitalis, Monk of St. Evrou.
• * 1.5

  Anselm, Abbot of Gem∣blours. Otho, Bi∣shop of Fri∣singhen.
• * 1.6

  Godfrey of Viterbo.
• * 1.7

  Robert of Torigny, Abbot of Mount St. Michael.
• * 1.8

  Otho of St. Blaisiue. John Brom∣pton, Abbot of Jorval.
• * 1.9

  Henry, Arch-dea∣con of Hun∣tington.
• * 1.10

  Gulielmus Neubri∣gensis.
• * 1.11

  Walter, Arch-dea∣con of Ox∣ford. John Pyke.
• * 1.12

  Gervase, Monk of Canter∣bury.
• * 1.13

  Geffrey Arthur, Bishop of St. Asaph.
• * 1.14

  Turgot, Monk of Durham.
• * 1.15

  Simeon of Durham.
• * 1.16

  William of Somerset, Monk of Malmes∣bury.
• * 1.17

  John of Hexam, Provost of Hagul∣stadt. Sylvester Girald, Bi∣shop of St. Davids,
• * 1.18

  Roger Hoveden, Regius Professor of Divi∣nity.
• * 1.19

  Petrus Theutbo∣dus. A Name∣less Italian Author.
• * 1.20

  Robert, Monk of S. Remy at Rheims.
• * 1.21

  Baudry, Bishop of Dol.
• * 1.22

  Raimond d'Agiles.
• * 1.23

  Albert, or Alberi••, Canon of Aix. Foucher, Monk of Chartres. Gautier, the Chan∣cellor.
• * 1.24

  Guibert, Abbot of Nogent. A Name∣less Au∣thor. Another Nameless Writer. William, Archbi∣shop of Tyre.
• * 1.25

  James de Vitry, Car∣dinal.
• * 1.26

  A Name∣less Au∣thor. Oliver of Colen.
• * 1.27

  Hugh, Ab∣bot of Fla∣vigny.
• * 1.28

  Baudry, Bishop of Noyon, and Te∣rouane. Leo, Car∣dinal.
• * 1.29

  Another Cardinal Leo.
• * 1.30

  Hariul∣phus, Monk of S. Riquier.
• * 1.31

  Rainerius, Monk of S. Lau∣rence at Liege. Herman, Abbot of St. Martin at Tour∣nay. Falco of Beneven∣tum.
• * 1.32

  Udascal∣chus, a Monk.
• * 1.33

  Alexander, Abbot in Sicily.
• * 1.34

  John, Monk of Mar∣moutier. Geffrey, or Walter de Vinesauf.
• * 1.35

  Odo, Abbot of St. Cor∣nelius at Com∣peigne. Laurence, a Monk of Liege. Suger, Ab∣bot of St. Denis.
• * 1.36

  Aldebert, or Albert, Abbot of Hilde∣sheim. Teulphus, Monk of Maurigny. Hugh, of Poitiers, Monk of Vezelay. Richard, Prior of Hagul∣stadt. Thierry, or Theodoric, a Monk. A Name∣less Au∣thor. Geffrey, Prior of Vigeois. Gonthier, Monk of St. Amand.
• * 1.37

  Saxo Gramma∣ticus, Pro∣vost of Roschild.
• * 1.38

  Ralph de Diceto, Dean of St. Paul's at London.
• * 1.39

  Anscherus, Abbot of St. Riquier. Theofre∣dus, Abbot of Epter∣nach. Rainaud of Semur, Archbi∣shop of Lyons.
• * 1.40

  Nicolas, Monk of Soissons. Domniso Priest.
• * 1.41

  Aelnoth, Monk of Canter∣bury.
• * 1.42

  Gualbert, Monk of Marchien∣nes. Pandul∣phus of Pisa. Fabricius Tuscus, Abbot of Abbing∣ton. Auctus, Abbot of Vall'Om∣brosa. Odo, Abbot of St. Remy at Rheims. Geffrey the Gross, Monk of Tiron. Ulric, Bi∣shop of Constance▪ Archard, Monk of Clairvaux.
• * 1.43

  Sif••ed, Eb∣bo, Thimo, and Her∣bord. Robert, Arch-dea∣con of Ostervandt a nameless Author. Turstin, Archbi∣shop of York. Thibaud, Monk of St. Peter at Beze. Hugh, Monk of Cluny. Gautier, Canon of Terouane. Nicolas, Canon of Liege. Alanus, Bishop of Auxerre. Sibrand, Abbot of Mariegard. Bertrand, Abbot of La Chaise-Dieu. Radulphus Tortarius. Stephen, Abbot of St. James's at Liege. Hugh, Monk of St. Saviour at Lodeve. Herman, a converted Jew of Colen. Thomas, Monk of Ely.