Purchas his pilgrimes. part 1 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

CHAP. XII. The Hollanders Declaration of the affaires of the East Indies: faithfully tran∣slated according to the Dutch Copy, Printed at Amsterdam, 1622. Written in answere to the former reports, touching wrongs done to the English. And an answere written by certaine Mariners [ 50] lately published: with Depositions further ope∣ning the iniquity and crueltie of the Dutch.

§. I. A true Relation of that which passed in the Ilands of Banda, in the East Indies, in the yeere of our Lord God 1621. And before printed at Amsterdam 1622.

[ 60] ALl the Ilands of Banda, from the tenth of August 1609. by a speciall treaty and agreement made with the ••ranka••es, or Magistrates of the foresaid Ilands, were put vnder the pro∣tection of the high and mighty, the States generall of the vnited Prouinces, on condition to de∣fend them from the Portugall, and other their Enemies, prouided that they of the said Ilands, are bound to deliuer vnto the Fort called Nassau, or vnto the Committees of the said Company, all their

fruits or spices at a certaine price, and so forth, as by the said treaty of agreement more at large appea∣reth. These articles of agreement, being for a time by them performed, were afterward broken and viola∣ted, as well in keeping backe, and with-holding the said fruits and spices, which they were tyed to de∣liuer to the Netherlands Company; as also enforcing and robbing their Ware-houses, and contrary to solemne treaty and promise; murthering at sundry times and places, diuers of the principall Officers, Com∣mittees, and Seruants of the said Netherlands Company, in taking away diuers small Shippe prouision, their open inuading of the places and Countries, withstood also lately vnder the subiection of the High and Mightie the States generall, and in conquering the inhabitants thereof, whom with a strong hand they forced from being Christians to become Moores againe, or those which withstood or gaine-said them, they sold as Slaues, and in committing all kind of peruerse wickednesse and trechery: during which passa∣ges and doings, there was againe certaine contracts on the aforesaid conditions agreed vpon, with the said [ 10] Bandaneses, as in May, in the yeere 1616. by one of the Netherlands Commanders called Lam, and by their Gouernour Generall Laurence Reall, in the yeere 1617. which indeed were shortly after bro∣ken and violated by the Bandaneses, and that through the animating by the English, who did openly ayde and assist the foresaid Ilands, and maintained them in warrage, the Netherlands Company with victu∣als, and Munition, great Ordnance, Men and Ships, thereby to with-hold from vs the fruits and spices, which the Bandaneses were tyed to deliuer. In this wilfulnesse the Bandaneses continued, till in Iune 1620. Till that at Iacatra was published both amongst the English and the Netherlands Fleet, then riding there in the Road: the treaty concluded and agreed vpon, betweene his most excellent Maiestie, the King of great Britaine, and the High and Mighty Lords the States generall, for to reconcile vpon cer∣taine [ 20] conditions, the English and Netherlands East India Companies.

The which Treaty, and by conference of handling concerning the Moluccaes, Amboyna, and Banda, all disputes and differences betweene the English and the Netherlands Company concerning the same, were to that time abolished, and a generall force of Shippes of Warre was ordained betweene them, for the defence of both Companies in their rights, and the commerce which they had obtained in the Indies.

The Reduction of the wilfull Bandaneses vnto the Netherlands Campe, was hindred a yeere or two, (through the actuall proceedings which the English in Banda it selfe, since the yere 1616. and afterwards in the yeere 1618. about the coast of Iaua, and whole India through) by open hostility did attempt: whereby the aforesaid Bandaneses being encouraged, and made bolder, did withdraw themselues wholly from vnder the subiection of the Castle of Nassaw, doing vnto vs and ours all wrong and hostility, and [ 30] with-holding from vs their fruits (to say) Nutmegs & Mace, which they did not onely sell vnto the Eng∣lish, and to the Indians, but also to the Portugals, who are both their and our Enemies, with whom they seeke to make neerer alliance of friendship, as already in the great Iland named Banda, were come fiftie or threescore Portug••ls, who by some more assistance, considering the naturall force of the said Iland, would haue beene sufficient to haue depriued both the English and the Netherlands Company of the rights therein, and the fruits thereof, without hope hereafter to haue any redresse.

In regard of those inconueniences, after the publication of the contract that was made, the Generall of the Netherland Company, in the common Councell for defence, (consisting of Englishmen, and Ne∣therlanders) prop••unded the necessity of the taking of Banda, as also the redressing and assuring of those Quarters, and of the trade in Amboyna and Moluccaes, to the which end, both the Companies accor∣ding [ 40] to the contract were bound together, to vse all the force and power that he could, for the preseruation of the places, as much as concerned the trade, for both the Companies. And it appeareth by the Act made by those of the said Counsell for defence, bearing date the first of Ianuary 1621. stilo noua, that the English Committees there declared, that the necessities of the businesse was well knowne vnto them; as also that they were very willing together with vs, to doe some common exploit: but for that as then, they wanted both power and meanes of men and ships, that they could not for that time furnish any thing to∣wards the same: Whereupon, the Netherlands Gouernour Generall declared, that with the particular power of the Netherland Company, he would take the same in hand, and effect it in such manner, as God should be pleased to prosper his proceedings.

And to that end, vpon the t••••rtenth of Ianuary, the Gouernour Generall went from Iacatra to Am∣boyna, [ 50] where he arriued vpon the fourteenth of February▪ and from thence went to Banda, to the Castle of Nassaw, lying in the Iland Nero, vpon the seuen and twentieth of February 1621. In the meane time, one of the English Counsell for defence, that had beene at Iacatra vpon the first of Ianuary 1621. and was priuy to the contract made, lying then in Amboyna, when the Gouernour Generall went from thence to Banda; sent-Letters in our owne Ships to the Englishmen, lying in the small Iland Polaroon, and made knowne and discouered vnto those of Banda, in what manner the Generall of the Netherland Company, intended to assaile the great Iland of Banda: & when the said Gouernour Generall was come to the Fort of Nassaw in Banda, he vnderstood that the Englishmen in Polaroon, had added them of the Towne of Lantore in the great Iland of Banda, with foure Peeces of great Ordnance; and that if they had had lon∣ger [ 60] time, that the entrance of the Generall of the Netherlands Army into Lantore Hauen, should haue beene let and withstood by a great battery. As also that some Englishmen, in Lantore, assisted these of Banda, ours, and (according to the contract) their enemies, both with counsell and force, encouraging them with their presence, & notwithstanding that the said Generall required the said Englishmen of

Lantore to leaue the Towne, for the causes and reasons aforesaid, as also for that they themselues, accor∣ding to the Contract and Order made by the Counsell of Defence, before that time might not buy any Fruit in Moluccas, Amboina, and Banda, as after the publication of the Contract they may doe, and that onely together, and in common places with the Netherlanders, yet some few of them stayed still with them of Banda our common enemies. Notwithstanding also that the Gouernour generall protested, that he was not therein to be blamed, if by that meanes any hurt were done vnto them, being among and with our common enemies, from whom they should and ought to haue separated themselues.

First, the Gouernours generall determined to assayle the great Iland of Banda on the South side, (by some called Lantore, because the principall Towne is so called) by land in a place called Luchny, and to [ 10] that end caused the ship called the Hart to anchor thereabouts, which lay not long there but it was shot at by an English Peece of Ordnance, whereby our men were forced to tow the said ship with a Galley from the shoare, and to leaue two Anchors and two Cables behind them, or else it had beene in great danger of sinking or burning, our men assuring vs, that an English Gunner had shot at them, and that they perfectly descried and saw him, although the Englishmen seeme to denie it.

Whereby altering of their first purpose, the Generall of the Netherlanders resolued to land vpon the inward part of the Iland of Banda, there to encampe themselues, and then to goe vp vpon the Hills, and there to plant their Ordnance, and to that end vpon the eighth of March, 1621. landed with seuenteene Companies betweene Comber and Ortatten, they marched along the shoareside, within the reach of three Peeces of great Ordnance lent then by the Englishmen, and not long before planted there, where∣by if they had marched forward many of our men had beene slaine, and so wee should haue found no place there to encamp our selues, but the Enemie from the Hills would haue domineered ouer vs, no man know∣ing [ 20] what counsell to giue, whereby wee might get vp vpon the Hills. The way whereon aboue three yeeres before wee had beene, being all intrenched, whereupon the Generall determined to enter againe into his ship with the whole Armie, to take another course. They of Banda not once pursuing after vs, but with flouting and mocking let vs goe, and so thinking thereby, that they had gotten the vpper hand of vs, most part of them brought their wiues and children againe into Lantore. After these two enterprizes, part∣ly hindred by the English Ordnance, were in that manner crost. The Generall, for a third resolution, determined to assayle the great Iland of Banda on both sides, that is, on the inner side of the Land with sixe Companies, and on the South side with ten Companies. That they on the inner side should land an houre before the others should land, by that meanes to draw the Enemie forth, and so to make place on the other side, while a Companie of chosen men should land on the North side, to climbe vp vpon the [ 30] Hills, and others in other places of the Land should also bee in a readinesse, being three hundred and thir∣tie persons, whereof one hundred and fiftie were Musketiers, appointed for the manning and assuring of thirtie boats, which the said Companie would bring on the South side of the Iland.

This was effected vpon the eleuenth of March, and accordingly sixe Companies by breake of day, went on land betweene Comber and Ortatten. Captaine Voghel with certaine chosen Souldiers mar∣ching forward, who climbing vp vpon the Hills, found such resistance, that all their powder being spent, they were in great danger to be spoyled, but being well followed and seconded by the rest, the Enemie was forced to retire: and while this skirmish continued, the other ten Companies landing out of the said thirtie boats, went on shoare vpon the South side of Banda, in a small Bay, some with Ladders, and others without, climbing vp vpon the Cliffes; and being gotten vp, th••y marched to the backeside of Lantore, without any resistance, but onely those that set vpon the first Troopes, being some ten or twentie Mus∣ketiers, [ 40] by whom one of our men was slaine, and foure or fiue hurt, whereby Lantore was taken on the South side by the said ten Companies, while the other fiue Companies skirmished with those of Banda vpon the Hills, and as soone as Lantore was taken, those of Madiangi, Luchny, Ortatten, and Sam∣mer, presently forsooke their Townes in the said Iland. When they of Banda saw the aforesaid thirtie boats, they thought wee would haue sayled round about the Land, as wee had done three times before, whereupon making no reckoning of our landing, they were sodainly surprized by breake of day.

As soone as Lantore with the rest of the places aforesaid were won, the rest of them of Banda, namely Slamma, Comber, Owendender, Wayer, and those of the Ilands of Rosinging, and Poola∣roone, made composition with vs, which we granted vpon condition, that they should breake downe their Forts and Walls, and giue vs their Shot, Peeces and Muskets, &c. Which by them being done, all of [ 50] them together, according to their Contract and promises, yeelded to hold their Countries and Lands, of the Lords the generall States of the vnited Netherland Prouinces, promising to doe whatsoeuer they should be commanded, and acknowledge the said Lords the generall States for their Soueraignes, not∣withstanding their former Oathes taken vnto any others.

Those of Lantore and others being first ouercome and vanquished, and that saued themselues among others of Banda, also asked pardon and sought for Peace, which was granted vnto them vpon the condi∣tion aforesaid, though they hardly held the same, and secretly sought to begin a new rebellion, and were commanded by the Ge••••••all to shew themselues all together vpon the Strand, that they might be appointed [ 60] in some other conuenient place to liue as fellow Citizens freely together, without the losse of their goods which they then had. Whereunto some of them obeyed, but the greatest part fled vpon the high Moun∣taines in the great Iland of Banda, to whom also many other Townes resorted, and slew a Nether∣land Merchant, one other, and a boy, where they were enclosed and hindred from victuals by our men.

By this meanes all the Townes and Places in Banda were won, and made sure, onely Poolaroone, which was not medled withall, because they of Banda therein behaued themselues peaceably, for the ayde, or ra∣ther the seruice of those of Poolaroone. The Englishmen planted nine Peeces of Ordnance vpon a small Iland in Poolaroone, hauing intrenched the same: and when those of Poolaroone, according to the composition, were to yeeld vp their Armes, and disarme themselues, as they willingly did; yet our Ge∣nerall did not once speake of those nine Peeces of Ordnance standing in the said small Iland, because the Englishmen should haue no cause to make any question, that our men had done any thing against their Fort or men.

The English Commander, Humfrey Fitz-Herbert, with his ship called the Exchange, lying before the Castle of Amboina, and hauing intelligence of the Generall of the Netherlands victorie in Banda, [ 10] shot off fourteene Peeces of Ordnance for Ioy thereof.

This that is formerly declared, is the true state and proceedings of that, which hath beene done now lately, and before in the Iland of Banda, wherein nothing hath beene done, but that which (according to the Law of Nations, and the aforesaid Contract, made, and promised to bee holden, and without any wrong done to the Liberties of the English Companie, agreed vpon with the Companie of the Nether∣land) might and ought to haue beene done.

§, II. An Answere to the Hollanders Declaration concerning the occurrents of the [ 20] East India, contracted somwhat briefer then in the former Impression.

THere was of late two Currents published, bearing date: the one, the eight of Februa∣rie: the other, the eight and twentieth. In these two Currents sundrie, both incredi∣ble and intolerable wrongs and grieuances were made knowne, which the Hollanders of the East Indies had inflicted and enforced vpon the English Companie of the East Indies. Since the printing of these two Currents, the Hollanders haue published a Pamphlet, en∣tituled, A declaration of the Affaires of the East Indies. This declaration was published (as by the discourse may appeare) in answere of the two Currents aboue mentioned, for the whole [ 30] scope of the declaration tendeth to no other end, but to iustifie their owne right in the East Indies, and thereupon to charge the English with wrongs done to them, that thereby the world might be made beleeue, that whatsoeuer extremities or hard measures they offered to the Eng∣lish, they were vrged and prouoked thereunto by the vniust dealing of the English, and the wrongs first offered by them: howsoeuer the English prouoked the Hollanders in India, the Hol∣landers by this Declaration, doe vrge and prouoke the English to defend themselues against so false and fabulous slanders imposed vpon them. Is it not too much that the Hollanders most vn∣iustly oppressed vs in India, but that they must proceed further to slander vs in England. Maio∣ra sunt famae & fidei damna, quam quae sarciri possunt: The losse of a good name, the losse of trust and credite are losses irrecouerable. But thankes be to Almightie God, who doth alwayes pro∣tect [ 40] the innocent. This Declaration of the Hollanders intended and published for our vtter vn∣doing and disgrace, offereth vnto vs, in two respects, both hope and helpe, thankes be to Al∣mightie God, who hath conuerted Hamon his Galhouse intended against Mordocheus, to his owne confusion, like as he hath suffered you to publish a Declaration to cut your owne throats. What could you deuise to write and publish, more opposite to what you intended; more to dis∣grace your selues, in conuincing you of falshood; more to honour, acquit, and cleere the Eng∣lish, then this Declaration? All which shall manifestly appeare in the examination of your Declaration, which followeth.

To begin with the very first lines and page; you affirme, That all the Ilands of Banda, from the tenth of August, 1609. were by a speciall Treatie and agreement made with the Orankayas [ 50] the Magistrates of the Ilands, put vnder the protection of the States of the Netherlands: how vntrue this is, let all men iudge; when as you confesse in the latter end of the first page, * 1.1 and in the beginning of the second, were afterward broken and violated; and that the Ilanders with-held their Fruits and Spices, that they enforced and robbed their Ware-houses, murthe∣red at sundrie times and places, diuers of the principall Officers, Committies, and Seruants of the Netherlands companie, taking away their ships and prouision, what could the Hollanders say lesse then to pretend an agreement? and what or how could alledge and proue more directly to conuince themselues of vntruth then so plainely and largely confesse the recited hostilities, practised by the Bandaneses against them: what an agreement could this be, where there was [ 60] so great an auersion of the Ilanders minds, declared by the hostile deeds which they practised against the Hollanders; they might perhaps say there was a Treatie, but such hostile practices manifestly proue there could be no Agreement.

The Hollanders proceed further, from the yeere 1609. to the yeere 1616. where they speake

of another Agreement concluded in May, by one of the Netherlanders Commanders called Lam. And another Agreement made by their Gouernour generall called Reall, in the yeere 1617. which they confesse were both shortly after broken by the Bandaneses: but how? Heere com∣meth in the maine matter; The Bandaneses rebelled through the animating of the English, who did openly ayde and assist them with Victuals, Munition, great Ordnance, Men, and Ships. It were necessarie that the Hollanders should set down the causes which moued the English to ioyne so farre with the Bandaneses, for the causes doe either lessen or aggrauate the charge imposed vp∣on the English: they must either say, the English ayded the Bandaneses directly against the Hol∣landers without further respect, which they cannot proue; or they must alledge, which them∣selues [ 10] in their Declaration doe proue, that the English did endeauor to defend them with whom they had free trade and trafficke; who louingly and with free consent sold to the English their Spices, &c. who put themselues vnder the protection of the English; who yeelded the Ilands of Poolaway, Poolaroone, and Lantore, vnder the obeysance of the King of England: which if they would they cannot denie, for they confesse that the English had mounted Ordnance vpon all these Ilands: why should the English plant their Ordnance vpon these Ilands, but to defend their Right; how could the English plant their Ordnance vpon the Ilands, but with free con∣sent of the Bandaneses; at what time did the English plant their Ordnance in these Ilands of Banda? The Hollanders confesse, before they came to the Ilands; for they found them in the Ilands: now, where is the wrong that the English haue done the Hollanders? and in what? be∣cause the English did hinder the agreements so often made betwixt the Hollanders and the Ban∣daneses, [ 20] why for eleuen yeeres the Hollanders confesse there was neuer any, as in the third page they say: In this wilfulnesse did the Bandaneses continue till in Iune, 1620. Thus hitherto it is plainly acknowledged, the Hollanders neuer had any landing, any Castle or Fort, any trading in the Ilands of Banda, but what was gotten by force and absolute constraint: If the Hollanders could proue so much for themselues, as they doe for the English; the English then might haue blushed for shame. In all this time that the Hollanders maintayned hostilitie with the Bandane∣ses, there is no mention made, that the Bandaneses euer offered any opposition against the Eng∣lish, or once denied them their Spices, but that they had trade and trafficke with them freely and friendly: now, if consent and prescription of time be the best claime the Hollanders would [ 30] haue for the Ilands of Banda, why the Englishmen goe farre beyond them; the Bandaneses did neuer violate any agreement made with the English; they neuer kept any pretended agreement made with the Hollanders; the Englishmen in eleuen yeeres were neuer expelled; the Hollanders in all that time were neuer entertayned, but in all hostile manner; the Englishmen had offer at all times of Nutmegs and Mace; so had the Hollanders neuer at any time, but what they got by violence and compulsion; all which is acknowledged in the third page, and the beginning of the fourth. We passe ouer many acknowledgements and confessions of the Hollanders, because they all tend but to two ends; to iustifie thems••lues, and condemne the English; and because there is sufficient obseruation giuen, that in iustifying themselues, they disgrace themselues; and in practising to disgrace the English, they doe them great honour. But to deale plainely and truely, [ 40] not to abuse the world with vntruths, nor to wrong the Hollanders without cause, we doe con∣fesse; The Bandaneses made one famous agreement with the Hollanders, which we well remem∣ber, euen in that yeere in which they report they had made agreement with the Bandaneses. In Iune, 1609. after they had by force taken from them a Towne called Neara, and making them flee to the backside or the Coast, to a place which they called Nassaw: Van Hoofe the Generall made shew of loue and friendship with the Bandaneses; which they perceiuing, and desirous to reuenge the wrongs and cruelties offered vnto them by the Hollanders, did dissemble their in∣tents, entertayning Van Hoofe with vaine hopes, promising him to come to some agreement; by which meanes they drew Van Hoofe with threescore or more of his Commanders and Soul∣diours, vnto a place in which the Bandaneses had aduantage. Now instead of agreement, in war∣like manner they set vpon Van Hoofe, and slew him and almost his Companie. This is the best [ 50] agreement that wee euer knew or heard the Bandaneses euer made with the Hollanders, during eleuen or twelue yeeres. Presently after this, in Iuly after, Captaine Bitter who among all the Commanders escaped, when Van Hoofe was slaine, attempted to surprize another Towne called Slamma; he was fought withall by the Bandaneses, and wounded in the thigh, of which wound he shortly died.

Where is now any wrong which the English hath done the Hollanders, except it bee a wrong to maintaine them, who with free and generall consent put themselues vnder the protection of the King of England? or a wrong to defend them, who willingly trafficke and trade with the English; or a wrong to maintaine that right which the Hollanders acknowledge the English had in the Iland of Banda: These bee all the wrongs which the Hollanders doe or can charge the [ 60] English withall.

But now on the other side, what extreme wrongs doe the English charge vpon the Hollan∣ders? In two Currents printed the eight of Februarie, and the twentie eight, 1622. the Hol∣landers are charged with most barbarous and inhumane wrongs done to the English, all which

they passe ouer in their Declaration without any answere at all, whereby in silence they cannot but pleade guiltie: to confesse them they are ashamed, and to denie them they cannot, but in their accustomed pollicie they seeke to auoyd them by way of insinuation, that the English de∣serued them in ayding and assisting the Bandaneses against them.

There were two Orators of Athens very great and inward friends, before the Iudges; the one did accuse, the other defend a Magistrate of Athens, whereupon the one Orator did challenge the other that he had dealt very vnkindly with him to defend his mortall enemie; and thou as vnkindly with me, quoth the other, to accuse my deerest friend.

This is iust the like ch••llenge betwixt the Hollanders and the English: Why doe you say the Hollanders defend our greatest enemies? And why doe you say the English oppose against our [ 10] deerest friends? Yet in this challenge there is a difference: for the English haue more cause to defend their friends, then the Hollanders haue cause to oppose against their enemies; Englishmen haue a right by consent, Hollanders haue nothing but by constraint. Iust defence is more honest and honourable then vniust opposition is, either by Lawes of GOD or man warrantable.

To proceed on with the cruell and inhumane wrongs, done by the Hollanders to the English, by so much more barbarous and inhumane, by how much the English of all Nations in the world, did least deserue it. What, deserue any hard measures from the Hollanders? To what Nation vn∣der the Coape of Heauen, are they so much bound as to the English? Who hath fostered and nur∣sed them vp to this greatnesse, but the English? What Nation hath shed so much bloud, lost the liues of so many gallant Captaines, Commanders, and Souldiers, to ayde and defend them as [ 20] the English?

What Nation hath lent them, and spent vpon them so much money and treasure, as the Eng∣lish haue done, when they were in their extremest weaknesse and pouertie? When, and where did the English euer fayle them? If for these causes, the English haue deserued at the Hollanders hands, to haue their ships taken, and made prize, their goods confiscate, and conuerted to their owne vses; their Captaines, Souldiers, Factors, and Mariners, taken prisoners, held in misera∣ble seruitude, clogged with yrons, kept in stockes, bound hand and foot, tied to stakes, haling and pulling them with ropes about their neckes, spurning them like dogs, throwing them head∣long downe rockes and clifts, killing, murthering, staruing, and pining them to death, enfor∣cing them to carrie lime and stone for their bu••ldings. Landing them amongst the Pagan peo∣ple, [ 30] without all prouision whatsoeuer, exposing them to the mercie of Miscreants, of whom notwithstanding they found better vsage then of the Hollanders. When as the Hollanders rob∣bed and spoyled other Nations vnder the English Colours, pretending (to disgrace the English) that they were Englishmen, counterfeiting the Coyne of other Nations, charging the English with the same. Laying the English whom they held as prisoners aboue hatches, where the Sunne scorched them in the day, and where their ordures and pisse fell vpon them in the night, till they grew more lothsome and filthie then Lepers, barring the English, as much as in them lay, from all commerce and trade in the Indies. As all these particulars are directly to be proued by men yet liuing, who either indured, or their eyes saw what is here reported, and will be rea∣die vpon all occasions, either with their liues or oathes to iustifie for truth, what they haue in∣dured, and what they haue seene with their eyes. [ 40]

Let all the world iudge, whether Englishmen haue deserued these vsages at the Hollanders hands: Whereas some people either affected to the Hollanders, or thinking it too strange and monstrous, that Christians should domineere ouer Christians with such inhumane and barbarous cruelty, rather tyrannie, except the English ••ad prouoked them heauily thereunto.

Let all such who harbour any such conceits, read and consider what is before answered to such obiections: the Hollanders in their Declaration being charged in the two first Currents, with many of these extreme wrongs inflicted vpon the English, they make no deniall of them: make a challenge that the English did ayde and assist the Bandaneses against them; it hath for∣merly beene alleaged, and sufficiently proued, by their owne confession, that the English did not maintaine the Ilanders, by way of opposing the Hollanders; but they did as much as in them [ 50] lay, to defend the right of the King of England, they did defend that right which they had by consent; they did defend that People, who did so freely and friendly trade and trafficke with them: other causes then their so honest, so iust, agreeing with the Lawes of GOD, of Nature, and Nations, they neither doe nor can alledge any.

Some other inconsiderate people, who enuie the prosperitie of the East Indian Merchants will further say, to close with the Hollanders, that these extremities were offered in India onely, and no where else to the English; for proofe of the contrarie, wee of the East Indian Companie doe challenge all the Merchants which trauaile or trafficke East, West, North, or South, to deliuer their knowledge, what indignities they haue indured from the Hollanders, in [ 60] Turkey, in the Straights, in Muscouie, in Gr••ynland, at New-found-land, and where not; so that not onely the East Indian Companie hath onely cause to complaine: yea, they wrong English∣men in their owne Seas at home, as is generally knowne. Now, because Hollanders may say, that they are charged with generalities without particular instances; generall speeches being a

common cause to aggrauate causes, and be auoyded except the Generall bee proued by particu∣lars, because they shall find that we cannot want of particulars out of infinite, there shall bee here following deliuered, some by men yet liuing, who haue both seene them, and endured them.

§. III. Relations and Depositions touching the Hollanders brutish and cruell [ 10] vsage of the English.

IN the Roade of Patany in the East Indies, the seuenteenth of Iuly, 1619. the two ships called the Samson and the Hound, riding there at Anchor, three ships of the Netherlands set vpon them with might and mayne, after fiue houres fight, eleuen of the men in the Samson were slaine out-right, and fiue and thirtie men of the same ship were wounded, maymed and dismembred, at this time Captaine Iordan was Captaine of the Samson, and did hang vp a flagge of Truce, and withall sent Thomas Hackwell, Master of the Samson to the Netherlanders to parlee about a peace.

[ 20] The Examination of Thomas Hackwell, the fiue and twentieth of Ianuary, 1621.

Thomas Hackwell being sworne and examined vpon certaine Articles ministred on the behalfe of the Right Worshipfull, the English Company of Mer∣chants, trading to the East India aforesaid, saith and depo∣seth thereto, as followeth.

TO the first of the said Articles he saith, & deposeth by charge of his oath, that in the road of [ 1] Patany in the East India, vpon the seuenteenth day of Iuly, 1619. last past, the Samson, where∣of [ 30] this Examinant was Master, and the Hound belonging to the English Company, were force∣ably assaulted by three ships of the Hollanders (viz.) The Angell, the Morning Starre, and the Burgarboate, whereof Hendricke Iohnson was Commander, and after fiue Glasses fight two houres and a halfe, eleuen of the said ship the Samson, her men beeing slaine out-right, fiue dismem∣bred, and about thirtie otherwise wounded, Captaine Iordane being then in the said ship, the Samson, and Commander of her, caused a flagge of truce to be hung out; and sent this Exami∣nant in the Samsons Boate aboord the Flemmings, to treate with them for a peace, and at the hanging out of the said flagge of truce, and when this Examinant left the said Captaine Ior∣dane to goe aboord the Flemmings, he was well; but aboue halfe an houre after the said flagge of [ 40] truce was so hung out, and this Examinant was in parlee with the Flemmings about the said peace, Captaine Iordane not expecting any violence from the Flemmings during the said parlee, shewed himselfe aboord the Samson before the maine Mast vpon the gratings, where the Flem∣mings espying him, most treacherously and cruelly shot at him with a Musket, and shot him in∣to the bodie neere the heart, of which wound hee dyed within halfe an houre after. And this he saith by charge of his Oath.

To the second he saith, That after the said ships, the Samson and the Hound were surprised [ 2] by the Hollanders in the said fight at Patany, as aforesaid, the greatest part of their men, by the command of the Dutch, were brought aboord the Angell their Admirall: and there notwith∣standing, diuers of them in the said fight were much burnt with Gun-powder, and wounded with splinters, and thereby suffered miserable torment, yet they the said Dutch most vnchri∣stianly [ 50] and inhumanely caused and forced them to put their legges downe through the gratings, and so se••zed them, and tyed them to the Capsten Barres, insomuch that still as any man had oc∣casion to goe and ease himselfe, his legges were so swelled by reason of the extraordinary hard tying of them, that the Carpenter was alwayes fetched to make bigger the holes, at which they were put downe to get out their legges againe. And this hee saith by charge of his Oath is most true.

To the third he saith, That he knoweth that the Dutch at Iacatra, doe cause all China men, [ 3] residing and bartering there, to pay monethly sixe shillings vpon a head▪ or else you shall not sell any commoditie there to the English, and this he hath seene diuers of China men pay at Iacatra.

To the fourth he saith, That vpon the third day of March last was twelue moneth, aboord [ 60] th•• new Zealand then riding in Bantam Roade, this Examinant, with three or foure others, did heare one Cl••se Derickson, then vpper stearsman of the Dutch ship called the Southern-Indraught say, that the States in Holland had beene plotting that Warre betweene the English and the Dutch in the Indie seuen yeares before.

To this last Article is witnesse,

Thomas Hackwell. William Shaples. Henry Backtasell. Bartholomew Churchman. Anthony Piccot.

The Deposition of Bartholomew Churchman.

I doe affirme, that they haue many times termed vs slaues to the King of Holland, and that we should all be sent to the Moluccas to rowe in their Gallies, and so bee kept bond-slaues vnder them during our liues. [ 10]

More I affirme, that they haue kept twelue of vs in a Dungeon at Pooloway, and foure and twentie at Amboyna, by the command of Laurence Riall then Generall, but now returned into Holland, where they pist and () vpon our heads, and in this manner we lay, vntill such time as we were broken out from top to toe like Leapers, hauing nothing to eat but durtie Rice, and stinking raine-water, insomuch as if it had not beene for a Dutch woman, named Mistris Cane, and some poore Blackes that brought vs a little fruit, we had all starued in that place, as many of our Company did, besides the extremitie which they vsed to many others which they had in Prison at other Ilands wher they perished, leauing their Wiues and Children heere in England readie to starue for want of maintenance.

[ 20]

The names of the ten men which lay in Pooloway, are these:

Bartholomew Churchman. Iacob Lane. Kellam Throgmorton. Matthew Willis. William Burris. Cassarian Dauid. George Iackson. George Pettice. Walter Stacy. Richard Phillips.

At Amboyna, Richard Swanley, William Brookes, and twelue more, whose names I well know not, nor cannot remember, put into a Dungeon, with fortie Indians all in a hole, hauing no place to ease themselues. Bartholomew Churchman.

The last of October, 1617. Iohn Tucker affirmeth: That the Dutchmen tooke the Dragon, the Expedition, the Beare, and the Rose, and deliuered onely the Rose, and that there being in the Dragon a Present from the King of Achen for the King of England, called by them a Creeze, (that is to say) a Dagger, which they doe detayne to this houre. [ 30]

This is true, I vnder-written doe affirme, and testifie that it was not done by base Rogues (as they terme it) but some of the principall Commanders. Iohn Tucker.

After the taking of these ships, there were aboue three hundred and fiftie men set out of the foure ships which were on shoare, exposed vnto the mercie of the Indians, where they found more courtesie then of the Hollanders, otherwise they had all perished.

That all these abuses, and many more which wee haue formerly receiued by them, are true, we will maintayne vpon our oathes, and with our liues against any of their Nation, or others that shall gain-say this truth. Yet notwithstanding all this being (by the goodnesse of Almigh∣tie God) returned into our owne Country, we haue no satisfaction for these intollerable iniuries, nor any consideration for two thirds of our wages most barbarously kept from vs. [ 40]

Articles of abuses done by the Hollanders at the Iland of Moluccas, and other places of the East Indies, aswell against our Soueraigne Lord the Kings Maiestie; as also against vs, and other Englishmen, since the yeare of our Lord 1616. not only before the Peace, but also since, vntill the moneth of March 1620. that we came out of the Indies, in the good Ship called the Iames.

THe second day of the moneth of February, in the yeare of the Lord, 1616. the Swanne was [ 1] surprized and taken by the Hollanders, at the Ilands of Banda, and her men kept Prisoners [ 50] till the eight and twentieth of Aprill following. At which time the Hollanders carryed fiue and twentie of the English to the Moluccas, where they were very hardly and inhumanely vsed, being fettered and shackel••ed in the day time, and close locked vp a nights. And from the moneth of May, vntill the end of September, they were compelled to carrie stone and lime for the building of Forts there; which if any refused to doe, they were kept in Stockes and Irons till they would worke; and were notwithstanding also very hardly vsed for their victuals, inso∣much that the one halfe of them dyed through their hard vsage.

[ 2] When we were first taken, we were possessed of diuers goods, prouisions and meanes, where∣with to relieue our selues, which they presently tooke from vs, and left vs not so much as wherewith to couer our bodies. [ 60]

Whereof when we complayned to Iohn Ellias, who was Lieutenant to one Garret Derickson in the Trow, hoping that he would haue had some commiseration of our miseries, and long lying in Irons, bad vsage for want of meate, drinke, lodging, and other things: The said Ellias and

the rest of his Company did thereupon, and many other times say vnto vs,* 1.2 That hee cared not for vs, nor for any of our Countreymen; and that if they should take vs and hang vs vp, wee had our deserts: Yea, they vsed other grosse and base speeches, not fit to be spoken off.

We affirme, that the said Iohn Ellias and his Companie said, that they had little need of Eng∣lishmen; for they in Holland were able of a sudden to make and furnish twentie foure thousand of flat-bottomd Boates, such as Parma would haue landed vpon the English shoare in eightie eight. [ 3] And also said, that they had of their owne Nation and Countreymen, at the least fortie thou∣sand strong in England, that presently, vpon the least occasion, would rise in Armes, and bend their forces speedily against vs in our owne Countrey.

[ 10] We affirme, that Laurence Riall, who was their Generall, caused Grates and Cages to bee [ 4] made in their ship, and did put vs therein, and carryed vs in them bound in Irons from Port to Port amongst the Indians, and thus in scornfull and deriding manner and sort spake vnto the In∣dians as followeth: Behold and see, heere is the people of that Nation, whose King you care so much for. But now you may hereby plainly behold how kindly wee vse his Subiects; making them beleeue that Englishmen were their Vassals and Slaues.

Besides all this, they kept many of vs fast bound and fettered in Irons, in most loathsome and darke stinking Dungeons, and gaue vs no sustenance, but a little durtie Rice to eate, and a little stinking raine-water to drinke. So that many of our English fainting in their sights, for want of competent sustenance or other lodging at their hands: for want whereof many dyed, who were fetcht out of the Dungeons, and so basely buried, more like Dogges then Christians.

About the fift of May, in the yeare of our Lord 1619. we hauing ouer-passed many hungrie [ 5] [ 20] dayes, and cold nights Lodging, in cold Irons and darke Dungeons, and thinking it not possibly able for vs to endure those miseries any longer, made meanes that some of vs came to Iohn Pe∣ter Socoma, their Generall that now is, and desired his Lordship (which Title hee duly lookes for in the East Indies) that he would consider of our extreame wants and miseries, and helpe vs to some better sustenance. And further we desired him, that he would be so much our friend, as to ease vs of our Irons but for the day time: Whereupon the said Generall most wickedly re∣plyed with base speeches, and bade vs bee gone, and trouble him no more; for if wee did, hee would cause vs all to be hanged speedily. So that we were forced to returne from whence wee came with heauie hearts, hauing no hope but in the Almightie, to whom wee prayed to turne their hearts, and to release vs of our miseries.

[ 30] Vpon the thirteenth of May, in the yeare of our Lord 1619. the Dutch went ashoare at Ia∣para; and there they wickedly and maliciously burnt downe the Towne and the English House [ 6] there, and from thence forcibly tooke away the English Flagge,* 1.3 and in great disdaine of our Countrey trayled our Flagge after them in the dirt through the Towne, and towed it aboord their ship at their Boats sterne; but what they did with it afterwards, we know not.

Vpon the eighteenth day of the moneth of Nouember, and in the yeare of our Lord God, 1619. they tooke one Bartholomew Churchman, and clapt him vp in Irons, and set him where [ 7] he sate in the raine and cold stormes of the night, and in the day time where the hot Sunne shone vpon him, and scorched him, without any shelter at all: and this they did to him, only because hee strucke a base fellow that spake such words against our late Queene Annes Maiestie, as are not fit to be repeated: which words, as also diuers other which they spake against our dread [ 40] Soueraigne, we dare not relate, as being too odious to be vsed in a subiects mouth touching his Prince: Howbeit, might licence and freedome of speech bee granted vs, to make knowne the base slanderous and detracting speeches of that Nation against our King and Countrey, that wee might not incurre any danger of his Maiesties displeasure by the repeating them, it would suffi∣ciently make knowne the pride and crueltie of that people, who did not then let to say that they made no account of our King, nor any of his subiects.

The seuenteenth day of the moneth of March, and in the yeare of our Lord God euerlasting, [ 8] 1619. their Gouernour of the Moluccas gaue order for the release of the English there, and ap∣pointed thirtie of them to be carried to Amboynas,* 1.4 from thence to be sent into England or Hol∣land. [ 50] But the Gouernour of Amboynas, perceiuing them to bee arriued, hee vtterly refused to discharge them, and forced them to serue in their three ships, that went to the Manelees as men of warre, which if any refused to doe, they were to rowe in their Gallies chained like vnto slaues; in which Voyage to the Manelees, fourteene of our men went in the Saint Michael, which were lost, and neuer since heard on, whose names doe follow: Geroge Trigges, Iohn Ed∣wards, Iames Welch, Iohn Crocket, William Nichols, Robert Gilbert, Matthew Gilbert, Giles Lips∣combe, Arthur Tap, Edward Parker, William Vese, Iohn King, Iohn Ouer, and William Smith Chi∣rurgion.

We affirme, that they hauing Arrian Ellis, Edward Reade, and William Powell, three English∣men [ 9] [ 60] Prisoners, in their ship called the Bantam, they chained them in Irons, and layed them in the Beake-head, straitly prohibiting all others to come neere them, to giue them any other food then their allowance, which was so small that meere hunger compelled those three Priso∣ners to throw the Dice who should cut each others throat; and so they did throw the Dice to

that end, but were disclosed before any of them were slaine, so that they were thereupon sun∣dred, and sent into other ships.

[ 10] They haue taken our men, and without any cause haue stripped and whipped them openly in the Market place; they haue also beaten vp their Drumme, and called the Blackes together to see it done.

[ 11] They will not suffer vs to weare or spread in our English houses, in those parts where they haue any command, any Colours that are our Kings Colours.

The Copie of a Letter sent vnto the Dutch in the East Indies, from their English [ 10] Captiues at the Iland of Monoboca, the nineteenth day of March, 1618. and deliuered vnto Captaine William Iohnson Comman∣der of the Angell.

COnsideration in things of difficultie is requisite: and therefore much requisite in these our vnchri∣stian-like miseries. But because this hath beene but sleightly respested, wee are now resolued to tell you of all your perfidiousnesse. First, Grippe got aduantage to surprize our ships, and made a vow, not to touch life nor goods in any sort. But since the contrarie hath beene so much proued, that Grippe and his confederates are now seene to be for sworne, as shortly after their actions did shew, in taking away euen th••se things, which with their consent we did saue, and bring aboord your ship called the Trow. [ 20]

At that time we being indungeoned at Pooloway, (besides all the Pagan-like vs••ge of that cruell man, Laurence Riall) we were by Van Hoofe kept in such extreme miserie, with stinking water, and Rice halfe full of stones and dirt (scarce able to keepe life and soule together) that had not De••rickson van Lam granted the English at Poolaroone free accesse to Pooloway to bring vs reliefe, ••ee had beene all ere this time starued for want. But we passed away that time in expectation of better fortunes, which you haue all from time to time prom••sed: yet now againe our miseries are thrice redoubled, for since we came to this place, you haue not onely vsed vs most basely in other things, but also haue taken away from vs euen that poore sustenance, which we bought with our moneys: and this hath beene ••o••e by that enuious man the Master, whom your Commanders doe suffer to be their Commander, rather then their Inferiour. If you consider all his actions, the refreshing which we haue bought hath beene but [ 30] small, that is to say, foure small Hennes and Cockes, and euen them hath the Master taken away, and eaten them in the great Cabbin, which dealing of his, if it be Christian-like, we referre it to your owne discretion: and now at last, for a small cause or nothing at all to be thus handled, is a ten t••mes worse affli∣ction, then euer was inflicted vpon vs, for to chaine vs vp like so many Dog••, and to let vs lie in the raine and storms of the night, without any shelter, which is also brought to passe by the Master. For (Comman∣der) * 2.1 we considering your gentlenesse, so that you can dispense with rigour: Therefore that miserie that we indure is not by your meanes, but by the Masters, and theirs that bee of his mind: and this is of a truth, that euen your Hogs after their kind, lye a-nights d••yer then we after our kind, being Christians: and our griefe is the more, because your men of the Blacke Lion, being taken by our Engli••h, were vsed like men, and we like abiects of the world, to be thus vsed like dogs, being Subiects to the Kings Maiestie [ 40] of England, and in good respect with our Employers. But GOD that is aboue all, knowes all▪ and in his good time will remedie all. Thus much we haue thought good to certifie vnto you, not in the way of intreaty, for that we see is vaine, but only that you may know, we now neuer looke to come al••ue out of your hands: for by all manifest appearance, you seeke to take euen our liues from vs: and this shall be a true argument of our grieued hearts, witnessing to all men, how vnchristian-like we haue beene and are vsed by you•• for in all this we haue not expressed the tenth part of your cruelty; yet we hope, that for this t••me it shall be a sufficient light vnto you, for that which hath beene from time to time practised by you against the English. Giuen at the Iland of Monaboca, the nineteenth of March, 1618.

Subscribed by Cassarian Dauid, Bartholomew Churchman, [ 50] and George Pettys.

Vpon the receit of this Letter, wee three afore-named were layed in yrons for eighteene moneths following, with such barbarous vsage as is not to bee imagined to bee vsed amongst Christians.

Vpon the newes of the taking of our two ships called the Samson and the Hound in Patania Road, Hendricke Ianson the Commander of three ships, viz. the Angell, the Morning Starre, and the Burger-boat, sent a Letter by the vpper Steres-man of the Starre, (who had but one arme) to their Generall Iohn Peter Sacone then at Iacatra, of the taking of our two ships; He, the said [ 60] Sacone then said, you haue now, Hendricke Ianson, giuen me good satisfaction, in that Captaine Iordayne is dead: and at his returne thither gratified him with fourteene hundred Gilders in a chaine of gold, putting it himselfe about his necke, not leauing any one vnrewarded, that had beene at the taking of our two ships, and one hundred Pieces of eight to him that shot him,

notwithstanding our Flag of truce was hung out. Wee affirme also that the said Generall Iohn Peter Sacone, vpon the newes brought him by a ship called the Hart, from the Coast of Car∣mandele, of the death of Sir Thomas Dale, then said; Dale is dead, and Iordaynes blood I haue, if I had George Cockins life to, I were then satisfied.

An Answere to obiections made by the Hollanders, that the English were the cause of the first breach in the East Indies.

[ 10] WHereas the Hollanders affirme that Sir Thomas Dale,* 3.1 and Captaine Iordayne were the prime cause of all the differences betwixt the two Companies. This wee affirme and can prooue, that both Sir Thomas Dale, and Captaine Iordayne were both in England when the Defence and the Swan were taken; and also that very inhumanly they tooke the Defence * 3.2, when for reliefe being put from their Anchor at Poolaroone in a storm, they came into one of their Har∣bours for succour. They tooke the ship, and detayned her men prisoners; likewise in rescue, we following, they tooke a Pinnasse of ours called the Speed-well; going to Iacatra▪ one of our men they slew, and the rest they layed in Irons as prisoners, amongst which one Richard Taylor Car∣penter of the said Pinnasse, who at that time had the bloody fluxe, who dying in their hands in Irons, they tooke the dead carkasse of the said deceased, and put him into a bush,* 3.3 with his head downward, and his heeles vpward, and said in most barbarous manner, that there was a [ 20] Stert-man, (that is, a man with a tayle) with his heeles vpward; and there his carkasse rot∣ted in the bush.

I would demand of them where Sir Thomas Dale, and Captaine Iordayne were,* 3.4 when they tooke the Salomon and the Attendance, it is to be proued, they were then comming out of Eng∣land, hardly cleere of the Coast, when they tooke both these ships, vpon faire terms of Composi∣tion; namely, with promise to giue vs our liues, goods, and libertie. They robbed vs of all our goods, and kept vs in lamentable manner in Irons, some of vs three yeers, some more, some lesse: in which wofull miserie many of our Companie ended their dayes lamentably; for in trueth, they neuer kept any faith, oath, or promise with vs at all, but most proudly, disdainfully, and cruelly demeaned themselues towards vs.

Bartholomew Churchman.

[ 30]

Notes

• * 1.1

  Vnderstand the pages as they lie in the former im∣pression.
• * 1.2

  Here diuers words a••e o∣mit••ed as ••oo odious aga••nst fil••hy ••um••s of Dutch Drinke.
• * 1.3

  Iapara, the cru∣eltie there.
• * 1.4

  Amboynas crueltie.
• * 2.1

  A sop for Cerberus.
• * 3.1

  1616. 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• * 3.2

  See the st••ry befo••e (••u••pe∣cted fo•• what 〈…〉〈…〉) by 〈…〉〈…〉.
• * 3.3

  1617.
• * 3.4

  1•••••• 25. 〈◊〉〈◊〉