Purchas his pilgrimes. part 1 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

§. IX. ASAPH CHAN seeketh to further vs for hope of gaine, so also NORMA••AL: Master STEELES arriuall: Danger to the publike, by priuate trade: Stirres about a Fort.

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* 1.1THe twelfth, according to promise, Asaph Chan carryed mee to the Prince, into his pri∣uate roome, where I presented him with a small China Gold-chaine, in a China Cup, he vsed me indifferently: Asaph Chan perswaded him to alter his course towards vs, telling him hee gained yearely by vs a Lecke of Rupias at his Port: that it appeared we yearely encreased our trade, and it would in time bring profit; that if the hard measure were continued, we would quit both that and the Countrey, of which inconuenience would ensue. That we were his Subiects (such words he must vse) if for desire of toyes he gaue vs discontent, we would practise to conceale ••ll from him; but if hee gaue vs that libertie which was fit, wee would striue to bring all before him, for that I only studyed his content and fauour for my par∣ticular; that he should receiue mee, when I came to visite him with honour, and according to [ 30] my qualitie, it would encourage mee to doe him seruice, and content my Nation. Finally, hee moued him for a Firman for our present ease, and obtained it, promising all manner of content, and at instant gaue order to Asaph Chan his Secretary, to draw it in euery point according to my owne desires, and to write a Letter to the Gouernour in recommendations of it: and that I should at all times haue any other Letter, w••en I called for it. It is easily seene with how base and vnworthy men I traffique. Asaph Chan for a sordid hope only of buying some toyes, was so reconciled, as to betray his sonne, and to me obsequious, euen to flattery: for the ground of all this friendship was, that he might buy the Gold taken in the prize, and some other kna••kes: to which end he desired to send downe a seruant, which I could not deny without losing him, I had so long laboured to get: neither was it ill for vs, for his payment is good, and it will saue vs much [ 40] charge and trouble to sell aboord, especially wine and luggish that spoiles in cariage; and he ob∣tained leaue vnder false colours, and wrote to the Gouernour in our behalfes, with all manner of kindnesse. There is a necessitie of his friendship, his word is law, and therefore I durst not see his vnworthinesse, and hope by this course to winne him, at least to make present good vse of him. Vpon this occasion I moued for a Firman for Bengala, which he promised, and would neuer before hearken to: and this effect of his greatnesse I found, that hee prosecuted our debters, as if his owne: and passing by the Cutwa••••s on his Elephant, called to command dispatch, which was an vnusuall fauour; vpon which Groo was imprisoned, and Muckshu had two dayes libertie only to pay vs; and I doubt not, but to end that in ten dayes, the summe being foure and forty thousand Rupias, and the debters most shifting false knaues in India. [ 50]

The one and twentieth, at this instant, came in to me from Asaph Chan, a seruant, in the name of Normahal, that shee had moued the Prince for another Firman, that all our goods might bee in her protection, and that shee had obtained it, and was readie to send down her seruant with that, to see and take order for our good establishment, that shee would see that wee should not bee wronged. That Asaph Chan had done this for feare of the Princes violence, and because of his delayes▪ that now hee was sure that his sister had desired to bee our Protectresse, that the Prince would not meddle, that vpon his honour I should receiue all things consigned to mee; that shee had written such a command, and charged her seruant to assist our Factors, so that we should haue neuer more cause to complaine of Su••at. Therefore hee desired of mee two or three words to the [ 60] Captaine and Factors to vse him kindly, and to let him buy for her some toyes, such as I would spare. This I durst not deny, though I saw the greedinesse; and gaue him a note on condition to see the Copy of the Firman which was sealed, and I could not without leaue, and so he was di∣speeded: but you may by this iudge this place, how easie it were to raise a stock•• last yeare, wee

were not looked after. Now because I translated the Cargazon of fine wares (yet concealed the Pearle) and gaue it the King; euery one is ready to runne downe to buy: Normahall and Asaph Chan studying to doe me good offices; many great men desiring a letter to send their seruants downe, so that if you had treble this stocke, it would be bought vp aboord, and saue you custome, and carriage, and spoile: for which purpose out of this I haue ordered your Factory to sell to the seruants of Normahall and her brother, whatsoeuer may bee spared, so that I may bee fitted at Court in any proportion. Thus I shall saue trouble and you charge, the Prince preuented, and our friends confirmed, and yet I hope sufficient for to please the King and his sonne: at the deli∣uery of which Asaph Chan hath vndertaken the Firman for Bengala, or any Port, and a generall [ 10] command and grant of free Priuiledges in all his Dominions.

The foure and twentieth, the King departed Mandoa foure Course, and wandering in the hills, left vs irresolute what way to take, no man knowing his purpose. The six and twentieth, I got a warrant for ten Camels at the Kings price. The nine and twentieth, I remoued after: forced away by the desolations of the place.

The one and thirtieth, I arriued at the Kings Tents, but found him gone with few company for ten dayes a hunting, no man to follow without leaue, the Leskar diuided and scattered into many parts, ill water, deare prouisions, sicknesse and all sorts of calamitie accompanying so infi∣nite a multitude; yet nothing remooues him from following this monstrous appetite. Heere I vnderstood the Kings purpose was vncertaine, whether for Agra or Guzerat; the latter giuen [ 20] out; the former more probable, because his Councell desired to be at rest: but that how euer for the dispatch of my businesse, seeing hee would linger heere about a moneth, I was aduised, and thought it as fit to send for the goods and Presents, as to deferre it vpon vncertainties, being that dispatched, I had hope of some quiet in this course: I wore out my body, being very weake, and not like to recouer vpon daily trauell in the fields, with cold raw muddie water.

The second of Nouember, arriued Richard Steele and Master Iackson,* 1.2 with the Pearle and some other small matters stollen ashoare, according to my order,* 1.3 which I receiued and gaue quittance for: with him I had conference about his proiects, which because I would not rashly re∣iect them, as he had set them afoot, after hauing made him see his fancies, and vnderstand the qualitie of these people, how for the water-worke, if to bee effected, it must bee begunne at our [ 30] charge, and after triall, we shall not enioy the profit, but the Naturalls taught, and our people re∣iected; neither our commoditie vented by it, for that the Lead will treble his price by portage ouer-land; and cannot bee deliuered at Agra so cheape as found there: yet I was content hee should make triall for satisfaction by carrying his work-men to Amadauas, to meete mee there, where by assistance of Mocrib Chan, who only is a friend to new inuentions. I would make of∣fer to the King of their industry, and make proofe what conditions may be obtained; but in my iudgement it is all money and labour cast away. The Company must shut their eares against these proiectors, who haue their owne employments more in their ends, then their Masters pro∣fits: many things hold well in discourse, and in the theorique satisfie curious imaginations, but in practise and execution are found difficult and ayrie, especially to alter the constant receiued [ 40] customes of Kingdomes, where some drinke only raine-water, some of a holy Riuer, some none but what is fetched by their owne cost: his second of reducing the Caffilaes and Merchants of Lahor and Agra, by the Riuer Indus, that vsed to passe by Candahor into Persia, to transport by sea in our shipping for Iasques or the Gulph, is a meere dreame, some man in conference may wish it, but none euer practise it. The Riuer is indifferently nauigable downe, but the mouth is the residence of the Portugalls, returnes backe against the streame very difficult. Finally, wee must warrant their goods, which a Fleet will not doe, neither did the Portugall euer lade or noise such goods but only for those of Sindie and Tatta, that traded by their owne Iunckes, they gaue a Cartas or Passe to secure them from their Frigats, and traded with them, for which they payed a small matter, and that onely which came to the purses of the Grand of Diu, Damon and Or∣mus, [ 50] or if all other diff••culties were taken away, yet will the Lahornes neuer bee drawne downe, being that Caffila consists most of returning Persians and Armenians that knew the passage from Iasques almost as bad, as from Candahor, and for that little on the Confines of Sinde not worth mentioning. Notwithstanding for his better satisfaction, I was content hee should by experi∣ence learne his owne errours, so it were not at the Companies charge, but I suppose hee will let it fall, not knowing at which end to beginne

A third proiect for to ioyne the Trade of the Red Sea with this, I recommended to him, for that it was alreadie in vse, and the perill for the Guzurats very apparant, therefore I doubted not some Merchants might be drawne to lade in our ships at freight, whereby wee should make our selues necessary friends to these people, supply our owne defects, saue export of monies, and final∣ly, [ 60] for this yeare employ one ship of the olde account that should returne in September: and re∣ceiue the proceed of the remaynes of this ioynt stocke, which will be suff••cient to re-lade a great ship, otherwise to transport it ouer will be extreame losse. This I opened and vrged the conse∣quence shewed which way to effect it, and commended by him to the Commander, the Cape Merchant, and your Factors with all earnestnesse, as by my Letters appeares. The consequence

I will make euident in your profit, if they follow it, for were the goods and estate all my owne, if I could not procure somewhat towards charge by freight from the Guzurats, yet hauing so many emptie vessels for so small a stocke, and two fallen into your hands of men of warre, I had rather goe emptie, and for company with them, then to omit that: there are many chances in that Sea, and in the way her returne onely of our owne remaynes, shall requite all forbearance; and be readie in time, for employed she must be if we intend to send the rest vpon this acco••nt, for that here is no harbourage at his arriuall. I found him high in his conceits, hauing somewhat for∣gotten me, Master Kerridge and him at warres, which I endeauoured to temper on all parts, but for his Wife I dealt with him cleerely,* 1.4 she could not stay with our safety, nor his Masters con∣tent; that he had ruined his fortunes, if by amends hee repayred it not; that shee should no•• tra∣uell nor liue on the Companies Purse;* 1.5 I know the charge of women, that if he were content to [ 10] liue himselfe like a Merchant, as others did frugally, and to be ordered for the Companies seruice and to send home his Wife, he was welcome: otherwise, I must take a course with both, against my nature. Hauing to this perswaded him, I likewise practised the discouragement of Captaine Towerson about his Wife, (you know not the danger, the trouble, the inconuenience of granting these liberties) to effect this, I perswaded, Abraham his Father in Law, here to hold fast: I wrote to them the gripings of this Court, the small hope or reliefe from his alliance, who ex∣pected great matters from him. Finally, I perswaded his returne quietly. To further this, I wrote to your chiefe Factor, that such things as hee had brought and were vendible, should bee brought to your vse by Bill of exchange to such profit for him, as both might saue; and this in∣conuenience you bring on your selues by liberties vnreasonable. But to take tye of his trash to lye [ 20] vpon your hands, vpon any condition I did prohibit.

I find by your Letter your strict command in priuate Trade, as well for your owne Seruants as others, whereby I collect, you meane not that he shall haue that libertie hee expects, for he is furnished for aboue one thousand pound sterling,* 1.6 first penny here, and Steele at least two hundred pound, which he presumes sending home his Wife, his credit and merit is so good towards you, that you will admit in this case to be rid of such cattell, I will not buy, but order that it be marked and consigned to you, that you may measure your owne hand. You discourage all your olde Ser∣uants, some may doe all things for faire words, some nothing for good actions: I could instance some gone home two yeares since, that onely employed their owne stocke, did no other busi∣nesse, and liue now at home in pleasure, others that raise their fortune vpon your monies, from [ 30] Port to Port, and returne rich and vnquestioned. Last yeare a Mariner had sixe and twentie Churles of Indico, others many Fardles, a third seuen thousand Mamudes, first pennie in Ba∣roach,* 1.7 Bastaes, chosen apart, for hee inuested your Monies, and it is probable hee chose not the worst for himselfe: a fourth, aboue one hundred and fiftie pound first pennie. These I mention not for spight, but to moue you to equalitie, neither by their example these may escape, for they swallow you vp, but that an indifferent restraint be executed vpon all.

For the effecting of all these purposes, the sending home the woman and the prosecution of the Red Sea, I send backe Richard Steele with orders to Surat, hauing altered my purpose of the goods and Presents from the Leskar, it beeing declared that the King will for Guzurat, where I haue appointed Richard Steele, after hauing dispatched other matters, to meete with them and [ 40] his Ingeniers.* 1.8 I also sent my aduice and directions to Captaine Pring, to take an Inuentorie of all the Monies and goods in the two men of Warre, to make it ouer to your stocke and land it, to sell or dispose of the ships, as his occasion shall require, the monies, if sold, to be put to stocke, to grant passage to some of the Chiefes, to entertaine the rest and to referre it to you at home, whom you will deale with the Owners that set them out. My opinion is peremptory, that their surprize is iust and iustifiable, all their goods forfeited: if you will restore any thing, at your courtesie; but with the more rigour you deale with these, the better example you will leaue for such barbarous Piracies: for if this course be practised, take your leaue of all Trade about Surat, and the Red Sea, and let the Company of Turkie stand cleere of the Grand Signors reuenge, and we heere must expect cold Irons. [ 50]

The sixth, I went to Asaph Chans, hauing receiued his Passe, vnto whom I shewed the Pearle according to promise, though the sorts fit not the Countrey iust as I was informed hereafter, yet their performance with him gaue him such content, that I am confident, I may vse Pharaohs words, The Land is before you, dwell where you will, you and your Seruants: for the price wee talked not, but he vowed such secrecie: and for my sake, who haue shewed this confidence in him, hee will giue more then their worth,* 1.9 and not returne on••, and pay readie mony, of which hee profes∣seth not to want, and to lend mee what I want: his Sister I haue promised to visit, whom hee hath made our protectresse, and briefly whatsoeuer contentment words can bring I receiue, and some good effects. When the Presents arriue, assure you I will not be liberall to your losse, little [ 60] shall serue. Asaph Chan admonisheth mee himselfe, so they came with somewhat to induce them, as well accepted, bought as giuen: experience of others makes mee to approue of this doctrine.

Finishing these complements with him in his Bed-chamber, he rose to Dinner hauing inuited

me and my people: but he and friends dined without, appointing mee a messe with him apart, for they eate not willingly with vs: where I had good cheere and well attended; the reuersion for my seruants.

After dinner, I moued Groos debt, told him the delayes. Hee answered, I should not open my lips, he had vndertaken it, that Groo by his meanes was finishing accounts with a Ieweller; that hee had ordered, as money was paid, it should rest in the Cutwalls hand for vs; which I found true: and the Cutwall promised to finish it in three dayes, desiring mee to send no more to A∣saph Chan.

I cannot omit a basenesse or fauour, according as you will interprete it. The King when his Pri∣sons are full of condemned men, some he commands to be executed, some he sends to his Vmraes [ 10] to redeeme at a price: this he esteemes as a courtesie, to giue meanes to exercise charitie, but he takes the money, and so sels the vertue.

About a moneth before our remoue he sent to mee, to buy three Abassines (for fortie Rupias a man) whom they suppose all Christians. I answered, I could not buy men as Slaues,* 1.10 as others did, and so had profit for their money, but in charity I would giue twenty Rupias a piece to saue their liues, and giue them libertie. The King tooke my answere well, and bade them to be sent me. They expected money, and I was not hastie; hearing no more of it,* 1.11 I hoped it had beene forgotten: but his words are written Decrees. This night the Officers seeing I sent not, deli••e∣red the Prisoners into my Procuradors power, and tooke his Sc••eete for sixtie Rupias, which at [ 20] my returne I payed, and freed the Slaues.

The tenth, I visited Asaph Chan, hauing receiued aduise from Surat of a new Firman, come downe to disarriue all the English, and some other restrictions of their libertie:* 1.12 vpon a complaint made to the Prince, that we intended to build a Fort at Swally, and that our shippes were laden with Bricke and Lime for that end: which suspition arose only by bringing a few on shoare to sound the ships bell: yet the Alarum came to Court so hot, that I was called to answere; which when I made it appeare how absurd the feare was, how dishonorable for the King, how vnfit the place for vs, without water or harbourage: yet the iealousie was so strongly imprinted, because formerly I had demanded a Riuer by Goya for that end, that I could hardly perswade the Prince we intended not some surprise. By this you may iudge, how easie it were to get a Port for our selues, if you affected it, which I can, neither so profitable for you, nor a place tenable. Notwith∣standing [ 30] all remonstrances, this furnace must be demolished, and a Had••ey of horse sent downe to see it effected. The disarming of our men, being all that our peopled stomacked, though it was on∣ly to leaue their weapons in the Custome-house, and that only of the ships company, though it were quieter for vs, except they were often more ciuill: yet I told Asaph Chan wee would not endure the slauery, nor I stay in the Countrey, that one day the Prince sent a Firman for our good vsage and grant of Priuiledges, the next day countermanded it; that there was no faith nor ho∣nour in such proceedings, neither could I answere my residence longer. He replyed, at night hee would mooue the King, before the Prince, and giue me answere.

The thirteenth, I reuisited Asaph Chan: he told me wondrous matters of the Kings aff••ction [ 40] to my Souereigne, to my Nation, and to mee; that hee had ventured the Princes disfauour for our sakes, and had full promise for a new reformation: but because he feared the Princes dealing, he gaue me this assurance, that he would take the Prigany of Surat, which the Prince must leaue, being made Gouernour of Amadauas, Cambaya, and that Territorie: and to giue me satisfaction that he had not dissembled with me, he desired me to come at night to Court, and bring the King my Masters Letter and the translation, the oportunitie was faire to deliuer it: vpon the occasi∣on of which, he bade me persist in my complaints, and offer to take leaue; I should then see what he would say for vs, and so I should beleeue my selfe. At euening I went to the King, it beeing a very full Court, and presented my Letter, which (the King sitting on the ground) was layd be∣fore him; and he busie, tooke no great notice. Asaph Chan whispered his Father in the ••are, de∣siring him to reade the Letter, and to ass••st vs, for that he might b••tter begin that then himselfe. [ 50] Etimon Dowlet tooke vp both Letters, gaue the English to the King, and read the translated; to which when the King had answered many words of complaint,* 1.13 to that point of procuring our quiet Trade▪ by his authoritie among the Portugal••, he demanded if he would make peace. I an∣swered, his Maiestie knew long since, I offered to be gouerned by him, and referred it to his wis∣dome, and had expected his pleasure: he replyed▪ hee would vndertake absolutely to accord vs, and to make ••greement in his Seas, which he would by answere to my Masters Letters signifie, and therein giue him content in all other his friendly desires. Notwithstanding, I deman••ed 〈…〉〈…〉 to Amadauas to meet the Kings Presents and to p••epare for my returne. Vp∣on which mo••ion, the question grew betweene the King and the Prince, who complayned that he had no pro•••••• by vs, ••nd that he was content to be rid of vs Asaph Chan tooke the t••rne, and [ 60] very roundly told the King, that we brought both prof••t to the P••rt, to the Kingdome, and 〈◊〉〈◊〉▪ that we wer•• 〈…〉〈…〉 by the Prin••es seruan••s, and that it was not poss••ble for vs to reside without amends▪ it were 〈…〉〈…〉 his Maiestie ••o licence vs, then to in∣treate vs so discourteously, f••r it wo••l•• be the end. Th•• P••ince replyed very choler••ckly, that ••e

had neuer done vs wrong, and had lately giuen mee a Firman at his entreatie. He replyes, It is true, you gaue a Firman to his content, and in ten dayes sent another, in effect, to contradict it, that he stood surety between both, had vndertaken from the Princes mouth our redresse, but now he had the shame and dishonor of it: that he ought me nothing, nor I him; he spake for no ends, but for the Kings Honor and Iustice, in that which he said that he did vs no wrong, he must appeale to me, who complayned that our goods were taken by force, that two yeeres past Rulph had be∣gun it, would neuer pay vs, and his Officers continued euery shipping; that if the Prince were weary of vs, he might turne vs out, but then he must expect we would doe our owne Iustice vp∣on the Seas. He demanded if the King or Prince gaue mee meanes to eate, or who did? That I was an Ambassadour and a stranger, that liued and followed the King at great charge; that if our goods were forced, and after we could get neither goods nor money, how should I liue and main∣tayne [ 10] my selfe.

This deliuered with some heate, the King catched the word, Force, Force, redoubling it to his sonne, and gaue him sharpe reprehension: the Prince promised to see me paid all; that he had ta∣ken nothing, but only caused the Presents to be sealed, because his Officers had no Custome, and desired to haue them opened before him, I absolutely refused it: also I told the King, I would only doe my dutie to my Master, in deliuering his Presents free, after I would giue the Prince all content.

Etimon Dowlet, who is alway indifferent, and now by his sonne made our friend, whispered with the King, and read a clause or two in my Masters Letter; at which the King made his son [ 20] rise and stand aside. Asaph Chan ioyned in this priuate conference (which they told me was for my good) and in conclu••••on the Prince was called, commanded to suffer all the goods to come to my hands quietly, to giue me such priu••ledges as were fit, which Asaph Chan should propound. The Prince would not yeeld the Presents, except Asaph Chan would stand surety that he should haue a share, which he did; and then we all agreed vpon that point. The King giuing mee many good words, and two pieces of his Pawne out of his dish, to eate of the same he was eating. Then I tooke leaue to goe to Amadauas, to meet the Presents, and so we parted. At night I set on my iourney, leauing my Tents, supposing the next day to reach the Citie, but I rode two nights, a day and a halfe with one baite vpon straw, and the fifteenth at noone arriued at Amadauas.

* 1.14The eight of Ianuarie, there was some question about Presents, the Prince asking for them; I answered, they were readie, if hee pleased to receiue his. Then hee demanded, why I brake his [ 30] seales? I told him, it was dishonorable for me to bring a Kings gifts in bonds, and great discourte∣sie to set seales vpon them: I expected and attended his licence twentie daies, but seeing no hope, I was enforced to doe it. Some heate began: at which appeared a Gentleman of the Kings, who was sent to obserue the passage, and to stickle, and told vs both▪ the King commanded wee should come before him at a Garden, where he sate, a Course out of Towne, vpon the Riuer. So the Prince tooke his Palankee, and I a Coach, well attended by seruants both of father and son. When I came to the gates the Women were entring, and then no man can but the Prince; who made within a bitter complaint against mee, that I had dared to cut his seales, and to take out what I list. Asaph Chan was called for, who was my suretie, and the Prince laid it on him: he, as the custome is, denyed it, excused himselfe, yet I had not accused him, but tooke it vpon me, [ 40] as knowing my selfe better able to beare it, and that he would denie it. Then I was sent for to the water-side, where the King sate priuately, where I entered, with mee the Presents; but the King was within amongst his Women. Asaph Chan chafed at mee, for breaking his word, told mee, the Prince had shamed him: I replyed by Iaddow, You know I had your consent, this man is witnesse;* 1.15 he denyed it to vs both: I replyed, Though I would not cast it vpon him, it was true, for I had witnesse; Iaddow would not returne the answere, but told me he might not tell him he lyed to his face: and this is vsuall, if any command come from the King that he for∣gets, he that brought the message will disauow it. I bore vp as high as I could; the great men told me it was a great affront, no man durst doe such a thing; others smiled: I answered, Not so great as the Prince had done me often. Thus we spent the day, and the King appeared not, but [ 50] priuately stole away, leauing vs all sitting in expectance.

At night word came the King was gone, and I offered to goe home, but was so well attended, I could not but by force: in the way new messengers came to seeke mee, and I arriued backe at the Kings Court, not hauing eaten or drunke; but the King was not come in, nor could I get loose of my attendants, but they vsed me very respectfully, we sate an houre. Suddenly newes came to put out all lights, the King was come, who entred on an open Waggon, with his Norma∣hall, drawne by Bullocks, himselfe Carter, and no man neare. When hee and his Women were housed,* 1.16 the Prince came in a horse-backe, and entring in, called for me: I found them alone with two or three * 1.17 Capons, and about mid-night the King set on it an angrie countenance, told mee [ 60] I had broken my word, that he would trust me no more, (the Prince had desired him to doe so:) I answered as roundly, I held it fit to giue freely, I had done nothing of offence in my owne iudgement; if their customes were other, it was ignorance, and I must bee pardoned; wee had many disputes: at last, the Prince interposed, offered his friendship, and wee were all reconciled

fully, and promises too large. Then I opened the Chests, gaue the King his Presents, the Prince his, and sent in that for Normahall: we were aboue two houres in viewing them. The Arras he tooke well, but said it was course, desired to haue a Sute of such, as the sweet Bagge: and wee concluded that in the morning I should come to the Prince, that he should be my Protector and Procurator, the goods except. Three things more then Presents were there returned mee: for those three the Prince told me he would pay, seeing his father tooke them.

The tenth, I went to the Prince, was receiued with all fauour, had order for a Firman for the man murthered, a declaration of his reconcilement in publike, command to all his Officers to take knowledge, and to his chiefe Raia to be my Procurator, and to draw what Firmans so euer [ 10] I desired. I presented Captaine Towerson and some English, whom hee vsed with grace, and for a signe of this peace, gaue me a Colth of siluer cloak, and promised to be the Protector of our Nati∣on in all things. I told him of Master Steele and his Work-men: hee desired me to bring a small Present to his father at night, hee would present them, which I did. Hee kept his word, and spake for vs to him, who was willing enough. I presented Captaine Towerson to the King, who called for him vp, and after a few questions rose. At the Gushel Choes, I presented Master Steele and his Work-men: the King sate in a Hat I gaue him all night, called for Master Paynter, and after much Discourse, gaue him ten pounds, and promised to entertayne the rest.

The thirteenth, the Dutch came to Court with a great Present of China ware, Sanders,* 1.18 Parrats and Cloaues; but were not suffered to come neere the third degree: at last the Prince asked me who they were: I replyed, The Hollanders, resident in Surat. Hee demanded if they were our [ 20] friends: I replyed, they were a Nation depending on the King of England, but not welcome in all places; their businesse I knew not. He said, for being our friends, I should call them vp, and so I was enforced to send for them to deliuer their Present: they were placed by our Merchants, without any speech or further conference. Finally, I had all granted I desired, I attend the per∣formance and money: and thus I conclude, that without this contestation I had neuer gotten a∣ny thing; for I told the Princes Messenger in the presence of all the English, that if he vsed force to me or my goods, he might doe his pleasure, but it should cost bloud: that I would set my Chop vpon his Masters ship, and send her for England.

The eighteenth, I receiued from Surat of the imprisonment of Spragge and Howard,* 1.19 at Bram∣poore, [ 30] their house and goods seized, their liues in question, for drinking with the Cutwall in their house, that one of the Cutwalls men dyed that night; vpon which they stand accused of Poyson: and the Cutwall to freee himselfe of comming into the house, pretended that he came to fetch a mans wife away from Thomas Spragge. What the truth is I know not: Information is come to the King against them: and I went to the Prince, who vndertooke all my causes: but could not speake with him: with the same came complaint of a force vsed to the Caffila vpon the way, notwithstanding the Firman sent by the Raia of the Countrey, in both which to night I will make petition to the King. My toyle with barbarous vniust people is beyond patience: at the Princes I found the Firman promised, drawne, but halfe the conditions agreed on left out, vpon which I refused it, and desired nothing but leaue to depart to treat with these in the Sea.

[ 40] The one and twentieth, a command to free the English, and their goods, and that if the Moore came into their house to drinke, if they killed him with a Dagger, hee had his iust reward. The second to Raia Partapshaw, to repay vs all exactions whatsoeuer, not to take hereafter any dutie vpon the way towards his Port; and in case of failing, that he would deliuer his sonne into my hands; he further ordered the deliuery of the Firman for Surat, the Articles by mee demanded, and to pay vs all our debts of Surat, and to cut it off vpon his Mancipdaries, that had taken that, without delay, he called to account his old Customers, charged the new to vse vs as his friends, shewed as much fauour publikely as I could require. I mooued expedition; he replyed, To mor∣row by nine in the morning all should be deliuered into my hands.

The two and twentieth, I went my selfe to receiue them; and carryed the Merchants, with some Pearle, that the Prince had bin instant to see, pretended to be Master Towersons: but he had [ 50] receiued some vncertaine information of Pearles, to the value of twentie or thirtie thousand pound, which he hoped to draw from vs. When his Secretarie saw the small sorts, hee replyed, the Prince had Mands of these: if we brought no better commoditie, wee might be gone, he ca∣red not for our custome: how basely false, and couetous are those of Iewels, you may iudge. I vn∣dertooke reply, that I had procured those from a Gentle woman to satisfie them; if they liked them not, they could not be made better, it was inciuility to be angry with Merchants for their good will, but told him I came for my Firmans, and expected them: I was answered, wee had deceiued their hopes, and the Prince would deceiue ours; Firman I should haue none, I had asked leaue to depart, I might come and take leaue when I pleased. I answered, nothing contented mee more, but that I would visit their vniustice in an indifferent place; that I would speake with the [ 60] King, and depend no more on them, for I saw all was couetousnesse and vnworthinesse: so I rose and parted; but he recalled me to come to the King and Prince together the next day, I should haue content.

ANd now Reader, we are at a stand: some more idle, or more busie spirits, willing either to take their rest, or to exchange their labour; and some perhaps wishing they had the whole Iournall, and not thus contracted into Extracts of those things out of it, which I concei∣ued more fit for the publike. And for the whole, my selfe could haue wished it, but neither with the Honourable Company, nor else-where could learne of it: the worthy Knight himselfe being now employed in like Honourable Embassage from his Maiestie to the Great Turke. Yet to sup∣ply the defect of the Iournall, I haue giuen thee the Chorography of the Countrey. Certaine Letters of his, written thence to his Honourable Lords and friends in England, out of all which well wrought on by an vnderstanding spirit, may bee ••ewed and framed a delightfull Commentary of the Mogoll and his Subiects. Take them therefore Reader, and vse them as a [ 10] Prospectiue Glasse, by which thou maist take easie and neere view of those remote Regions, People, Rites, Religions.

And first here followes a description of the Countrey both by Map and Writing, and after them the Letters pa••sing mutually betwixt his Maiestie and the Mogoll, and lastly, those of Sir Thomas Roe afore-said.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Asaph Chans friendship for hope of gaine.
• * 1.2

  Nouember 2.
• * 1.3

  Master Steeles proiects que∣stioned.
• * 1.4

  His Wife.
• * 1.5

  Danger by bringing Wiues.
• * 1.6

  Publike losse by priuate Trade.
• * 1.7

  The names are omitted.
• * 1.8

  Inuentory of the goods in the men of Warre.
• * 1.9

  Normahal a friend to the English.
• * 1.10

  Redeeming of Prisoners.
• * 1.11

  Dixit & edi∣ctum est: fatur & est fatum.
• * 1.12

  Causelesse iea∣lousies tou∣ching a Fort▪
• * 1.13

  Etimon Dow••et ••or the English▪
• * 1.14

  Ianuarie 8. Words betwixt the Prince and the Ambassa∣dour about Presents.
• * 1.15

  Custome to disauow the Kings word, if he will not ac∣k••owledge it, 〈…〉〈…〉; Negat, ••ego.
• * 1.16

  The Kings Chariot drawn by Bullocks.
• * 1.17

  Eunuchs.
• * 1.18

  Present of the Dutch.
• * 1.19

  Spragge and Ho∣ward accused▪