Purchas his pilgrimes. part 1 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

§. I. Their comming to Saldania and thence to Socatora.

* 1.1THe two and twentieth of Iuly, at foure in the after-noone, wee had sight of the Table and point of Saldania, bearing East, distant twelue leagues, but by reason [ 60] of calmes and vncertaine winds, it was the foure and twentieth day before wee were mored in the Roade, where we found three Hollanders, one whereof was bound for Bantam, and in her Peter But Generall of thirteene Saile outwards bound, who hauing spent his maine Mast, and lost company of his Fleet, put in∣to

the Road for to refresh his sicke men. The other two hauing made traine of Seales at Peng∣win Iland bound home.

Saldania is a Bay some fourteene leagues North North-east, from the Cape Bona Speranza,* 1.2 and North by West ten leagues from Cape Falso, which is East-ward of the former, and may both be seene in the said Bay: these two Capes are also diuided by another great Bay, the di∣stance betweene these two Bayes, is some three leagues being low marshie ground, extending South and North, which on either side is inuironed with Mountaines. In this Bay of Saldania, when you haue brought the Norther point thereof, West North-west, North-west and by West, for a small ship North-west, thwart of the ledge of rockes (or watering place) neere the [ 10] shore, which will be laid (as it were) in the swampe betweene the high Mountaines; called the Table and the Sugar-loafe, in sixe, fiue, or foure fathome according to the draught of your shippe, in cleane ground, and good anchor-hold you may safely ride. Pengwin Iland with his ledge di∣stant three leagues off, bearing North North-west halfe West, and stretching to the North and by West of you in the road. The maine land also, though it be thirteene leagues distant, trendeth a way to the West and by West, so that there is little aboue three points open to let in the North-west Sea, which is the greatest stormes. Saldania hauing in former time been com∣fortable to all our Nation trauelling this way, both outwards and home-wards,* 1.3 yeelding them a∣bundance of flesh, as Sheepe and Beeues brought downe by the Saluage Inhabitants, and sold for trifles, as a Beife for a piece of an Iron hoope of foureteene inches long, and a Sheepe for a lesser [ 20] piece, whereby weake sicke men in former Voyages haue been easily recouered and made strong: now contrariwise, whether our Trade here were spoyled by the Dutchmen we here found, who vse to spoyle all places where they come (onely respecting their owne present occasions) by their ouer-much liberalitie; or whether the Cattell in former times so abundantly brought downe, were preyes taken by warres from one another, or other differences which might make them greedy of yron, to make heads for their Launces or Darts, which now by peace or recon∣ciliation they haue little need of; the true cause, for want of vnderstanding in their language, I know not. But well I found, that all the deuises we could vse by bribes or otherwise to them, which daily came downe to our tents in faire weather, would procure nothing from them for our sicke mens reliefe, but foure Cowes, and those foure Cowes which we did buy, were so old [ 30] and leane, that there was but little goodnesse in the flesh; for which they would take no yron, but thin pieces of Copper of sixe inches square, and some seuen sheep at peice three inches square of copper, cut out of a Kettle, whereof they make rings by sixe or eight together, which they weare on their armes, which being bright and smooth, vnto them seemeth very braue.

These people are the filthiest for the vsage of their bodies, that euer I haue seene or heard of:* 1.4 for besides the naturall vncleannesse (as by sweat or otherwise) whereto all people are subiect, which the most by washing cleare themselues of, contrariwise this people doe augment, by an∣ointing their bodies with a filthy substance, which I suppose to be the iuice of herbes which on their body sheweth like Cow-dung, and on their wool of their heads is so baked, like a scurfe of greene herbes. For apparrell, they weare before their priuities the taile of a Cat, or some other [ 40] small beast, and a cloake made of a sheeps-skin, reaching downe to the middle of their thighs; and according to the weather, they turne some time the hairy side, and sometimes the drest side to their bodies.

Their Sheep haue no wooll, but haire, and are partie-coloured like Calues;* 1.5 their legges are longer, and their bodies larger then our sheepe in England, but not so fat. The Principall of these people weare about the bight of their armes, a thin flat ring of Ivory, beeing very smooth,* 1.6 and wrought compasse neere sixteene inches wide, and on their wrists some sixe, eight, tenne, or twelue rings of Copper, bright and smooth, all either fastned together, or wrought in one. O∣ther toyes also, as Bracelets of blue glasse, and pearle shels, which are either presented them, or by idle people giuen them for Estridge egshels, for quils of Porcupines, which without restraint [ 50] the Dutchmen did ordinarily buy, also an other most strange and filthy wearing, to what purpose I know not, as the guts of Cattell about their neckes, which makes them smell like a Butchers slaughter-house. In their hands they carrie a small Lance or Dart, that hath a small yron head, and a few Estridges feathers as a fan to keepe away the flies: they haue also Bowes and arrowes, but when they came downe to vs, they would leaue them in some hole or bush by the way. They are straight made people, and nimble of foote, it seemeth that their habitation is mooueable, to places of best pasture for their Cattell, as in the Valley betweene the Mountaines, whose tops (farre vp into the Countrey) were couered with snow at this time, but those neere the Sea-side are cleare thereof, notwithstanding they are very high.

Wild beasts there are of diuers sorts, but these we haue seene, Fallow-deare, Antilopes, Por∣cupines, [ 60] land Tortesses, Baboones, (also the Dutchmen told vs of Lyons,* 1.7 but wee saw none) Snakes, and Adders.

Fowles also abundance, to wit, Wild-geese, Duckes, Pellicans, Passea, Flemincos, and Crowes,* 1.8 which haue in their neckes, as it were, a white band, and small birds greene coloured, and di∣uers other sorts vnknowne. Also Sea-fowles, to wit Penguins, Guls, Pentados, which are spot∣ted

blacke and white; also a grey fowle, the Pinions whereof are blacke, which the Portugals call Alcatrasses, and Shags or Cormorants at the Iland in great abundance, and an other kind of fowle like Moore-hennes.

* 1.9Fishes there are of diuers sorts, but these following haue I seene, to wit, in faire weather there are a small sort of Whales in great numbers; at the Iland Seales in great abundance. With the Saine, we tooke fish like Millets, being as large as a Trought, Smelts, Thomebackes, and Doggs: and on the Rockes, Limpets, and M••ssels abundance. In the fresh water the Vnions men caught with a Saine, abundance of Millets, as when we met with them they told vs. It is a very whol∣some aire, and aboundeth with good fresh water, both for filling in the roade, and for trauellers in the land, which in small streames descendeth from the Mountaines. [ 10]

One morning by my instigation, my Generall and I, accompanied with thirteene men more, whereof foure were small shot, went to see if we could find place where we might cut wood, and beeing gone some three miles, and finding none but small greene wood, whereof we in the Pep∣per-corne, by reason of our great want, were forced to cut: my Generall desirous to get refresh∣ing for our weake sicke men,* 1.10 determined to walke about the Table, to see if wee could see any Cattell, that we might by any meanes buy for our reliefe, not thinking it would haue beene so long a iourney, where we pa••t through a most vneasie, vnequall, stony, vnbeaten (and as it were) ouergrowne wildernesse, wherein often we were to descend and ascend, through many deep and hollow water-courses, ouer growne with trees from side to side, which were made with the raines swift descent from the hill called the Table and after a while found a beaten path (wher∣in [ 20] we past, seeing many pens wherein Cattell had been kept) which for that it lead from-wards our ship, we were forced to leaue, and againe had a most vile tiresome trauell for a while, till we hit into another path, which led along the Mountaines towards the roade, and hauing past a while betweene the Mountaines, as n••ere as they would giue vs leaue, still following the beaten path which was our best guide, at length we passed ouer in the Swamp, betweene the Souther-most Sugar-loafe, and the Table, at which time we had sight of the Sea ••ide, alongst which wee went ouer the sides of the Cliffes, which at length we forsooke, going by iudgement East to∣wards the Swamp, between the Norther-most Sugar-loafe and Table, where in the morning (af∣ter we had rested our selues a little by a fire) we made haste, and past ouer the aforesaid Swampe; and before breake of day we came to our Tents, where we found all our men that could be spared, [ 30] disturbedly in armes, diuided into two Companies, the one halfe vnder M. Thornton, the other vn∣der M. Pemberton, determining at day light to separate themselues, and againe to meete on the other side of the Table, to goe and seeke vs, which intent our approach did preuent, refreshing our selues with what our friends had prepared for their intended iourney. All the day we kept the Table on our right hand, and the Marsh on our l••ft hand, which neere the Mountaines is much pestered with rockes, which haue fallen from the top of the Mountaine. It is moist ground, and seemeth to be good pasture for Cattell. In diuers places scatteringly wee sawe some trees of small stature, somewhat broad topped, bearing a fruit in bignesse and proportion like a Pine∣aple; but the huske not so hard, and spungie, the seed whereof were deuoured by the birds, and the husks remaining on the trees, the leaues whereof were in forme of our Housleeke in England, but [ 40] not so thicke.

At this time was their Spring, both Trees and Herbes blowing ouer the earth. It much repen∣teth me that I came vnprouided of all sorts of Garden-seeds,* 1.11 which might be helpefull or neces∣sary for reliefe of any Christians, which hereafter might come hither, which though the Saluages should somewhat spoyle, yet euery Christian Captaine would seeke to augment, and re-edifie the same. Also Acornes, which in time may doe good to posteritie, for trees are not here so long in growing, as in our cold Countreys. I will not contradict all such as vvill esteeme it more idlenesse in me, to wish to sow where it is many to one I shall neuer reape; yet for my selfe I e∣steeme it more idlenesse in me, tbat I had not bin so prouident as to haue sought means in England to haue performed the same. And I would to God I could or had meanes, to leaue a profitable re∣membrance [ 50] for Christian Trauellers vnto the ende of the world, in any place where I shall come.

Now hauing to our vtmost endeauours here finished all our necessary businesses, to wit, wate∣ring, and somewhat relieued our weake sicke men with what refreshing wee could get, which was principally Mussels,* 1.12 we prepared our ships to set saile the ninth of August, which by con∣trary winds was crossed, vntill the thirteenth day following.

The thirteenth of August at fo••re in the morning, we set saile from the roade of Saldania, ha∣uing the wind faire at South South-east: and at sixe a clocke in the afternoone, the Cape Bona Speranza bore South-east, distant sixteene leagues.

The sixteenth in the morning, Cape Bona Speranza bore North-west and by West, distant [ 60] twelue leagues, and by foure a clocke in the afternoone, wee had brought the Cape Aguilhas North-east sixteen leagues distant,* 1.13 our course being South-east. The eighteenth day, little wind, but an high Sea flowering on the top like a breach in shoald water. The nineteenth, we had a ve∣ry strong gale of wind.

The sixth of September, at three of the clocke, wee discried the Iland of Madagascar,* 1.14 or S. Laurence, in the latitude of twentie three degrees, thirtie eight minutes, and at sixe a clocke we anchored in twelue fathome water in the bay of S. Augustine, where we found the Vnion of Lon∣don, the Vice-Admirall of the fourth Voyage (whose people was distressed, wanting victualls to carry them home) who related vnto my Generall, their infortunate loosing company with their Admirall and Pinnasse betweene Saldania, and the Cape Bona Speranza, and neuer since heard of them, how they put into this bay, outward bound to seeke them, followed also after them, and put into Zanzibar, (an Iland bordering on the Abaxin coast) where the Portugals made shewes of fauour and trade, inticing them to land with their boat,* 1.15 where they betrayed and tooke three [ 10] of their men; the rest seeing the danger, fled with the boat vnto the ship, who proceeded on their iourney, till with contrary winds, before they could recouer any fit Port, for want of water they were forced to return towards the bay of Antongil on the East South-east side of Madagascar, but the wind or the course not suiting with their determination, they put into a good Harbor or Bay of Iungomar, on the North-west corner of Madagascar,* 1.16 where they were a while fed with good words, and faire promises, and kind entertainement by the King; that in short time the Cape Merchant, in hope of trade for Ambergreece and other things, grew so conceited of this heathen Kings plaine meaning, that at the Kings request went not alone to him, but perswaded his Cap∣taine and other Merchants to accompanie him, who being brought to the Kings presence, hee sent also for the Chirurgion, Trumpet, and Drum, who refusing to goe to him presently, there sallied out of the woods a great number of people, which attempted to force the boat and men [ 20] in her, with Darts, Arrowes and Lances, who perceiuing themselues preuented by the good care and endeauours of them in the Boat, they pursued the Boat with armed Canoas out of the ri∣uer, vntill by many shot from the ship she was rescued. And few dayes after while they lingred in hope of some good newes from their Captaine and Merchants, they attempted the ship with a demy army of some hundred Canoas, which came in order and forme of an halfe Moone,* 1.17 which to preuent brought themselues vnder saile, and shooke them off, and departed on their iourney. It seemed that they could not fetch Socatra, or the Master vnwilling to go to the Red Sea, or Surat, but went to Achin, and there dealt for some fit commodities with the Guzerates, & from thence to Priaman to lade Pepper: where the Merchant made bargaine to receiue it at Teccoa, an Iland three leagues distant from Priaman, at fifteene, foureteene, and thirteene Ryals and an halfe of [ 30] eight by the Bahar of Pepper, euery Bahar is three hundred and twelue there. This ship the Ge∣nerall plentifully supplyed with victuals, for whose reliefe he made the longer stay; he also vni∣ted them in loue one vnto another, who at our comming in were diuided, to wit, Samuel Brad∣shaw for his sober, discreet, and prouident carriage in the Companies busines much enuied by their factious Master, and his adherents; whom wee left in the said Bay,* 1.18 as seeming louers and friends.

In this Bay we continued seuentie houres; it is for the most part all deepe water, and vncer∣taine, no ground in diuers places (by diuers reports) in two hundred fathome; by vs further ex∣amining of deeps had beene in vaine, but we found all the South shore in a manner, from the [ 40] Wester point to the high cliffe-land, all flat rockie, whose ledges are to be seene dry at the low water. At the Easter end of the rockes neere the cliffe, wee anchored in twelue fathome, and might haue rid neerer the shore in seuen fathome: we came in out of the Sea with a strong gale at South South-west, but comming neere vnto the land, the wind grew duller, yet blew reasonable fresh in the day, but in the night ordinarily calme the time we were there; but that beeing the newe Moone, which makes the fowlest weather in the Countryes, I cannot say of other times. On the land it seemes alwaies to be very hot, especially when the Sunne is to the South-wards of the Equinoctiall.

In this place are two trees of diuers kinds, some so full of fat sappe, that fire beeing put to it as it standeth greene, of it selfe it will runne vp, blazing in the lea••es and branches:* 1.19 the Timber is soft, and the leaues and boughes yeelds a yellow sap. An other sort also of trees, whose tim∣ber [ 50] is neere as hard as Lignum vitae, and of colour white, with a small brown heart, whether any kind of white Saunders I know not: that wood which we cut off for fire-word in the Pepper-corne, which was the most plentifull of any sort there, did all hang trased with cods of greene fruit (as big as a Bean-cod in England) called Tamerim: it hath a very sowre tast, and by the A∣pothecaries is held good against the Scuruie; our Admiralls men who had more leasure gathered some as it was greene, for their particular vses. Here is also plentie of an herbe (which for his forme is scarce to be discerned from a Semperuiue) whereof the Alloes,* 1.20 called Alloes Socatrina is made of all sorts, but I know not whether these saluage people haue either the knowledge or the vse thereof.

The people, by what occasion I know not, forbore to come to vs, so that wee gat no kind of [ 60] Cattell for refreshing, neither beife nor mutton▪ whereof others heretofore haue been offered for a Ryall of eight an Oxe; but now it is said, that for want of gouernment in the Vnion, when a∣ny was brought downe, what the Factor did prouidently forbeare to keepe downe the price, dis∣ordered

fellowes for their owne particular, gaue what the saluages demanded, so that now they can scarce get any for tenne shillings a piece.* 1.21 It seemes, that in all places of this Iland, men must stand vpon their guard, for the people are treacherous. Yet by report, stout and va∣liant, and not ignorant in ordering of their people in battell array, as it seemed by their or∣der at Gungomar, when they assaulted the Vnion. Their weapons are Bowes and arrowes, Lances, and small Darts which they carry in bundles.

Now hauing performed all our necessary businesses, as wooding and watering, and relieued our Countrey-men to the vtmost of our powers, we set saile out of the said Bay.

The ninth day of September, at foure a clocke after-noone, we set saile out of the Bay of S. Augustine,* 1.22 leauing the Vnion there as afore-said.

The one and twentieth, the wind beeing at East South-East, and the Current by my iudge∣ment [ 10] setting South-west,* 1.23 wee were intangled with a Lee-shore, which we called the Carri∣bas, which are diuers small Ilands, of which also lieth diuers ledges of Rockes that are by the breach of the Sea onely discerned; and spent sixe dayes before we could quit our selues of them, beeing betweene tenne and eleuen degrees South latitude.

This Coast lieth neerest North-easterly, and South-westerly, and the wind all these sixe daies betweene the East North-east, and East South-east; so that against our wills wee were still forced to Lee-ward, though by towing with our Boates, and otherwise, we endeauoured to get off.* 1.24 This place by my iudgement may be to the North-ward of Mozambique, somewhat more then seuentie leagues: by night for the most part we were neerest those dangers, which were [ 20] alwaies betweene vs and the shore, that wee could neuer discouer neere the maine, nor giue any good iudgement of the distances betweene Iland and Iland, neither set them downe their true forme.

The greatest danger is in the strength of the Current setting on, and no place to anchor in, beeing deepe water close aboord the Rockes; and though somewhat neere these Rockes you haue ground, yet it is so deepe and foule ground, that there is no anchoring; and on the Norther part hereof, though by my estimation wee were little more then two leagues from the shore, yet wee had no ground in an hundred and fiftie fathome. These are san∣dy Ilands, and (for the most part) were full of Trees. After it grewe darke euery night, wee might see the fires on shore made by the Countrey-people, but wee had no list to spend so much time as to goe on shore to speake with them. After it pleased God that we had once [ 30] got cleare of these dangers, wee to our great admiration, found the Current to carry vs to the North-wards, as much more as by our iudgement the shippe went: as when by our iudgement wee might goe some fifteene leagues,* 1.25 we went thirty leagues. The second of October we had much raine.

The ninth, we found the Current to cease, except it set to the East-wards, which we could not discerne. The tenth, eleuenth, and twelfth, we found our selues to loose euery day, more and more by the Current.

The seuententh at Sun-rising, wee descried two Ilands, which for their likelihood are called the Duas Irmanas (or the two sisters) which he one from the other West by South, [ 40] and East by North,* 1.26 and are distant from the West point of Zacotora some seauen leagues and an halfe; we steering North North-east with the West point of Zocotora, had these depths, twentie three, twenty fo••re, and twentie sixe fathome, distant from the said point some three leagues and an halfe. After wee had got about the Wester point, wee found the wind to shorten, so that it would not permit vs to leade it alongst the coast, but by the helpe of a Current we were put off, the Admirall and the Darling anchored in twelue fathome, while I in the Pepper-corne, through calmes, and a gale of the land, could not get into shoald water to anchor in, till the ninth day at noone, what time wee anchored in twelue fathome, neere to a Towne called Gallanzee, and toward the coole of the euening▪ I went with the Pinnasse and Saine, vnto a low sandie point, thwart the Admirall and [ 50] Darling, a league to the East-ward of our Shippe, to trie to get Fish for refreshing of our people;* 1.27 hoping in the coole of the Euening there to meete with my Generall, which fell out accordingly to my desire, God blessing vs with abundance of Fish, which ser∣ued all the whole Fleete two meales, and much longer if it would haue kept. Heere my Generall informed mee, how that the people with whom in the Morning hee had spoken, had confirmed that which hee greatly doubted: which to our griefe would pro∣long our Voyage: which was, that the Easterly Monson was alreadie come, and all our hopes of getting to Cambaya were frustrate for this nine Moneths, of which wee expe∣cted to bee better informed by the King at Tamerin, the place of his residence.

* 1.28The twentieth day being Saterday, we anchored at a point neare six leagues short of Tama∣rin, [ 60] and fiue leagues from the point of Galanzee, which we did by the helpe of a Sea-turne, which continued long that night, but not contented by gaining and holding that place, till we could by day bee better aduised, by reason of an edy tide by the shore on the West-side; by the shore

where wee rode, on the West-side thereof, which forced our sternes to wind-ward, and a little flattering gale of the land, wee weighed, and were forced off into the Currant: So that the one and twentieth day wee were carried backe thwart of the Towne of Galanza, and farre off in great depth.

The two and twentieth, we in the Pepper-Corne were like to haue bin put cleane off the Iland, but the Admirall and Darling got into shoald water, and there anchored, and about two a clock I also anchored in the Bay Westward of Gallanza in six fathom,* 1.29 & presently went on shore with my Pinnasse, carrying Barricos to seeke fresh water; going with a flagge of truce, to see if any of the Inhabitants would come to mee, for I earnestly desired to speake with some of them, in hope to haue procured some Goates, or other refreshing for our people, but none, as it seemeth, [ 10] durst come to vs, for feare of the Kings displeasure, who will haue nothing sold to any stranger, but from himsel••e; it seemeth he would haue none of his people haue to doe with any strangers, but that all intelligences, allowances, for fresh victuals and prises, must come from himselfe, as afterwards I found, though now I wondered to see the people stand afarre off in troupes, and came not neare vs, which made me thinke they had spies attending on them by the Kings order to be the ca••se. So at night hauing filled thirteene Barricos of water, I returned aboord: this night being a high water at nine of the clocke, at a full Moone, I esteemed it flowed vpright, betweene ten and eleuen foote; all the time of flowing the streame sets to the Northward, I meane close by the shore: and with the ebbe and a small gale of the shore, we set saile, and stretcht [ 20] it alongst the shore some foure or fiue mile, thwart of the sandy Bay of our fishing, and neare our Admirall, and finding the Currant there to set off to the Westward,* 1.30 we anchored till the next helpe of the tide or wind.

The fiue and twentieth being Thursday, as the wind serued we set saile, and about eleuen of the clocke we anchored in eight fathome, a mile from the land,* 1.31 right against the Towne of Tama∣rin, where the Kings house is North from the Castle▪ on the top of the hill aboue the Towne; at our anchoring the Generall shot off fiue peeces of Ordnance, I three, and the Darling one. The Generall sent Master Femell on land, handsomely attended with the Pinnasse, fitted with a red Crimson tilt, presenting the King with a Present, which was from the Generall, a faire gilt Cup of ten ounces, a Sword-blade, and three yards of Stammell broadcloath. The King to re∣ceiue [ 30] them, had by the water-side in readinesse fitted, an Orrange-tawny coloured Tent, where he sate attended on by the principall of his Countrey-men, the Arabs and a guard of small shot; they continued conference more then an houre: hee thankfully receiued the Generalls Present, bade him welcome, shewing desire to see him on land, promising him water free, and what else the Iland did afford, at reason, according to the drought of the Iland, which continued two yeeres without raine; for Alloes not a pound to be had, his owne Frigat being gone to sell it in the Red-sea. For the Ascension, he saith, came first hither in the moneth of February, and fin∣ding a Guzerat ship here, within eight dayes shee departed in her company towards the Red-sea, and eight dayes after came in her Pinnasse, who made no stay, but followed her Admirall, and in Iuly, both the Ascension and Pinnasse returned out of the Red-sea to Zacotora, where they [ 40] hastened to take in water: and soone after departed towards Cambaya. Further hee saith,* 1.32 that his Frigat being at the Port of Bazain, neere Damon in India, they were informed by the Por∣tugals, that the said shippe and Pinnasse arriuing on the Coast too soone, before the Winter and foule weather was past, were both cast away, but the men saued. The King sent the Generall a Present of twelue Goates.

The six and twentieth being Friday, my Generall went well attended on, and with a guard to visit the King; our ships gaue him, as before, fiue, three and one peeces of Ordnance,* 1.33 and hee was receiued on land by the Kings order, with ten great shot, & otherwise he was receiued by the King, in orderly and ciuill sort, and had both for him and his followers so good cheere prouided, as the place could presently afford: but the King shewed no willingnes that we should here make [ 50] any longer abode, for he wo••ld not yeeld that wee should set vp our Pinnasse heere; his excuse was this: that neither his own ship, nor any other, as the Guzerat, which he hath great profit by, dare not come into this place while we are heere: and further, I suppose the time we stay heere is very chargeable to him in this respect; for to shew the strength of his Towne, he hath drawne downe the Arabs and others from all parts of the Land, and while they stay heere, they liue on his charge, which I thinke is the only occasion he would haue our absence: this day wee filde a great part of our water. Saterday, we almost made an end of watering out of a pond, fed by springs descending from the hilles. Sunday our people went on land to recreate themselues, and did no other businesse.

This King of Zacotora is called Mulli Amore Bensaide,* 1.34 and now is here but Vice-roy vnder his [ 60] father, who is King of Fartac in Arabia not far from Aden, and comes into the sea at Camricam. Hee saith, that his father holds warre against the Turkes of Aden, in his owne defence, for hee denied vs a letter to the Gouernour of Aden, saying, hee would not doe vs so much wrong. The people that he vseth for his Honor and strength in Zoccatra, are the Arabs, the rest

that liue in most seruile slauery, are the old Inhabitants of the Iland, which haue been banished people.

There is for Merchandize growing vpon Zoccatra, Alloes Soccatrina, which they make about August,* 1.35 of an herbe like vnto Semper-viua, which we haue in Spaine, but no great quantitie, not passing a Tunne in a yeere; there is a small quantitie of Sanguis Draconis, or Dragons blood, a little whereof our Factors bought at twelue pence a pound. And Dates which serue them for bread,* 1.36 which the King sells at fiue Rialls of eight by the hundred. Cattell for mans sustenance these, Bulls and Cowes at twelue Rialls of eight a piece, Goats at one Riall a piece, Sheepe at halfe a Riall a piece, and Hennes at halfe a Riall a piece; all exceeding small, according to the drie rockie barrennesse of the Iland: wood at twelue pence a mans burthen; euere particular is a [ 10] very deare pennyworth: and what else this Iland may yeeld, I am yet to be informed of, but of rockes and stones, drie and bare, it seemes the whole Iland is composed.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Iuly, 22. 1611.
• * 1.2

  Bay of Saldania
• * 1.3

  Prouisiō more scarce at Salda∣nia then in times past, and why.
• * 1.4

  Filthy people and loathsome.
• * 1.5

  Saldania sheep.
• * 1.6

  Iewels and Or∣naments.
• * 1.7

  Wild Beasts.
• * 1.8

  Fowles.
• * 1.9

  Great numbers of smal Whales
• * 1.10

  The Table.
• * 1.11

  Garden-seeds to be set at Saldania.
• * 1.12

  They depart from Saldania.
• * 1.13

  Cape des Aguil∣has.
• * 1.14

  Madagas••a•• or S. Laurence, in the latitude of 23. degr. 38. minutes.
• * 1.15

  Three of the Vnions men be∣trayed by the Portugals at Zanzibar.
• * 1.16

  Or Vingan••ra. The Captaine of the Vnion with the Cape Merchant and others betrai∣ed at Iungomar in Madagascar.
• * 1.17

  They attempt the taking of the Vnion, with an armie of 100. armed Canoas.
• * 1.18

  The Vnion left in the Bay of S. Augustine, Septemb. 9. 1610. bound for England.
• * 1.19

  Strange trees.
• * 1.20

  Semperviuum.
• * 1.21

  D••sordered battering hurt∣full. Note.
• * 1.22

  September.
• * 1.23

  Note.
• * 1.24

  Mozambique.
• * 1.25

  Current. October.
• * 1.26

  Duas Irmanas.
• * 1.27

  Abundance of fish.
• * 1.28

  Tamarin.
• * 1.29

  Gallanza.
• * 1.30

  Currant.
• * 1.31

  Tamarin.
• * 1.32

  The Ascention and Pinnasse cast away vpon the Coast of India.
• * 1.33

  The King visi∣ted.
• * 1.34

  King of Fartac, or Canacaym.
• * 1.35

  How Alloes is made.
• * 1.36

  Sanguis Draco∣nis.