Purchas his pilgrimes. part 1 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

CHAP. IX. A briefe Narration of the fourth Voyage to the East-Indies, with the two good Shippes, the Ascention being Admirall, and the Vnion Vice-Admirall, vn∣der the commaund of ALEXANDER SHARPEY Generall, and RICHARD ROVVLES Lieutenant Generall, with the discouery of the Redde-Sea in the [ 10] Ascention.

§. I. Relations of the said Voyage, written by THOMAS IONES.

IN an vnfortunate houre, the foureteenth day of March, in the yeare of our Lord [ 20] 1607. with the two tall Shippes, the Ascention and the Vnion, we weighed an∣chor at Woolwich.

The sixth of May 1608. hauing spent some daies in refreshing our men at Maio, we directed our course for the passing of the Equinoctiall, and so for the Cape of Bona Speranza South-east, and by South, and South South-east. The Equinoctiall we passed very speedily, and then you haue the generall wind, that bloweth con∣tinually, between the South-east and South-east and by East: so that the further you sayle to the South-ward, you shall finde the wind to Easter the more, as betweene the Equinoctiall and the Tropicke of Capricorne.* 1.1 The eleuenth day of Iune, in the Latitude of sixe and twenty degrees, being vnder the Tropicke, we met with a Caracke that was bound for India, her name was the [ 30] Naue Palma. This Caracke was cast away afterward vpon the Coast of Soffala, within twelue leagues of Mosambike:* 1.2 the Captaine of which said ship came Passenger home in the same Ca∣racke that I came out of India in; being Admirall of the Fleete of foure sayle. So according to the custome of the Sea, hauing spent some complements in friendly manner, we departed from him, to follow our Voyage.

The thirteenth of Iuly, we came to an Anchor in the Bay of Saldania, and staying there vn∣to the fiue and twentieth of September,* 1.3 in building of a Pinnasse (at which time the Westerly Monsons haue done blowing, and then the wind bloweth more betweene the South and the South-east.) The fiue and twentieth of September, wee came out of the Bay, and the sixe and twentieth of the same moneth, we were incountred with a mighty storme, at the South South-east, which blew so vehemently, that we split our fore-corse that night, and lost the company of [ 40] our consort the Vnion, and our Pinnasse called the Good Hope, which we had built at the foresaid Cape, and neuer heard of them afterward, onely the Pinnasse excepted, which came to vs to Aden in the Red-Sea. Thus with contrary winds, hauing before neglected our season of time, we beate vp and downe the Sea in following our Voyage, vnto the eighteenth day of Nouem∣ber, before we could get the great Iland of S. Lawrence. But there wee beate two daies to get about Cape De S. Roman, but could no••. This altered their minds, that they bore vp for the Iland of Comora,* 1.4 which standeth betwixt the Iland of S. Lawrence and the Maine, in the Sou∣therly Latitude of eleuen degrees. The sixe and twentieth day of October, we came to an An∣chor on the Wester-side of the Iland, in sixe and thirty fathomes water. Heere we were vsed [ 50] of the King and people, with all the kindnesse that might be: but could get no fresh water; yet had maruellous good refreshing of Limes, & some Hens, and Coco Nuts, which was a great com∣fort vnto vs. The last day of the said moneth we weighed Anchor, and departed from the Iland of Comora, and directed our course for the Iland of Zanzibar, minding there to relieue our wants of water. But through the default of our Master, wee ouer-shot the Iland of Zanzibar, and fell with the Iland of Pemba, hauing almost runne ashoare in the night before we did see it, the winds being by the East North-east,* 1.5 we cast about, and stood off till day, thinking it to bee the Iland Zanzibar. When it was day, we found a place on the South-side of the Iland, hauing a Ledge of Rockes to the Eastward of vs, here we road in seuen or eight fathome water, being the seuenth day of December. The Latitude of the place is sixe degrees to the South-ward, be∣ing [ 60] the South-west end of the Iland. The eight of the said moneth, I went ashoare to seeke for water, of which we could not fill aboue sixe Tuns a day. We plyed our businesse with great re∣course of the people, and familiarity with vs, but all was in treachery. Hauing almost done our businesse, and onely lacking some foure or fiue Tunnes of water to fill, being the eighteenth

day, I went ashore to fill those empty Caskes with water, where against my comming they had laid an Ambush of some two hundred men, which brake out vpon vs, yet, praised be God,* 1.6 wee did escape their hands, onely my Seruant Iohn Harington excepted, whom they tooke and mur∣thered most cruelly, I not being able to rescue him. Also, they wounded a Seruant of Iohn El∣mors, being one of our Masters Mates: but the youth recouered of his wounds, being eleuen in number. Also a little before they did put their treachery in practice, one of the chiefe of thē came vnto me, desiring me to send one of our men with him to fetch a present for our Generall, which I granted, but the fellow neuer came againe. The young-man that went was borne in Greene∣wich, his name being Edward Church-man, who afterward dyed in Mombasa of a Bloudy-fluxe, [ 10] as I was credibly informed of the Portugals. Also, while wee made our abode at Pemba, the Portugals were about to man a Flemmish Hulke, (which had wintered in Mombasa) to come to take our Shippe: but hearing of the force of our shippe, they altered their minds. The people of this Iland o•• Pemba be very cowardly people, and dare doe nothing of themselues without the inciting of the Portugals. We departed from thence the nineteenth day of the said moneth, de∣termining to beate vp betweene Pemba and the Maine of Melinda,* 1.7 in hope to finde the Current the stronger. But that night (to our great dismaying) wee came aground vpon the Coast of Melinda, but at that very instant the wind did lander, so that with the backing of our Sayles a sterne, our ship went off to our no little comfort: so that night wee stood to the East-ward till day, our shippe (praised be God) hauing receiued no harme at all. When it was day, wee saw [ 20] certaine showlds, that lay off the Easter end of Pemba, that we could not weather. Then wee cast about and stood to the North-ward: but in the end we had sight of three Barkes of Moores, which in their language they call Pangaies, which we gaue chase vnto with our Ship and Boats,* 1.8 and in the end fetched them vp: they strucke saile without any resistance, and with our Boates we fetched them all aboord our shippe, who were in number fifty men, or there-abouts. These Moores had thought to haue betrayed our shippe, as afterwards did appeare. For the chiefe of them being in the Cabbin with our Master, and our chiefe Merchant William Reuet, and my selfe,* 1.9 he with his long Knife which he had hid priuily about him, did stab our Master Philip Groue so sore, that we had thought he would not haue liued: but contrary to the Moores expectation, I ended his daies in the place. The rest of the Moores likewise that were within the ship, did at [ 30] that very instant put their Tragedy in practise, in stabbing of our Preacher, and one of our Mer∣chants, but (praised be God) in a small time wee vanquished them all,* 1.10 so that there did not escape aboue fiue or sixe at the most, to carry newes of their fellowes, being a iust reuenge for our former wrongs. For when they did put this wickednesse in practise, we had not aboord our shippe aboue fifteene or sixteene men at the most, all the rest being imployed in our Boates. Af∣terwards, I was credibly informed by the Portugals, of the great lamentation which was made for these Moores, because they were of the cheife Gentlemen of all the Coast of Melinda, and of the blood Royall. Now after the spoile of these Barkes, we determined to stay no longer on the North side of Pemba: so we put out of the West-end of the Iland againe, determining to beate vp for the Iland of Socotora: but the winds hanging betweene the East, and East South-East, [ 40] and finding small helpe of the Current, did altogether frustrate our determination. Then we determined to stand off to the South-ward, some two hundred or three hundred leagues, thinking to finde the windes at East South-east. But heere likewise we were frustrate of our hopes. For in the Offing we found the wind to hang at the East North-east, and at the North-East, and by East, that we lay beating in the Sea, from the twentieth day of December, vnto the sixe and twentieth day of Ianuary, and then it was our good hap to meete with certaine Ilands, which wee named the Desolate Ilands,* 1.11 because there are not any Inhabitants vpon them. These Ilands are (at the least) some twelue or thirteene in number, and ought very dili∣gently to be sought of them, that shall trauaile hereafter, because of the good refreshing that is vpon them. Water is there in great abundance, also great store of Coco Nuts, great store of fresh [ 50] Fish, and likewise store of Turtle-Doues, which are so tame, that one man may take with his hand twenty dozen in a day: also great store of Palmeto-trees, so that these Ilands seemed to vs an earthly Paradise.

Hauing refreshed our selues at the aforesaid Ilands, wee determined to follow our Voyage, but still were crossed with contrary winds, vntill the thirtieth day of March, and then beginne the Westerly Monsons, then we got the Iland of Socotora. But hauing espyed a Sayle which was bound for the Red Sea, we gaue chase, and in the end fetched them vp, being bound for A∣den, being glad of his company we consorted with him, and determined to goe both in company together. This ship did belong to Diu: but hee told vs that hee did belong to Surat, telling vs certaine newes of Captaine Hawkins and of his being at Surat, whereof wee were very glad. [ 60] Thus we held on our determined course vntill the eight of Aprill, at which time we came to an Anchor in the Roade of Aden, against the Citie.* 1.12 This Citie of Aden is vnder the Dominion of the Great Turke, and is the Key of all Arabia foelix. The same day wee came thither, the Cap∣taine of the Castle came aboord of vs with twelue Souldiers to guard our Generall ashore: where when he came, he was receiued with all the honour that might bee, not suffering him once

scantly to treade on the ground, but mounted him vpon a faire Arabian Horse, and so in triumph he was carryed to the Gouernour of the Towne: where after kind intertainment, the Gouer∣nour vnderstanding that he had Letters from the Kings Maiestie of England to the Bashaw of Ze∣nan,* 1.13 whose aboade is fifteene dayes iourney vp into the Countrey from Aden, whither they were sent.

We remayned in the Road of Aden vntill the tenth day of May, and then our Pinnace the Good Hope, which we had lost before at the Cape of Bona Esperanza, came to vs, hauing indured great misery, and they had murthered most shamefully their Master Iohn Luffken, because (they said) he would not put in with the shoare to relieue them, beeing then at the Easterne end of Saint Laurence (but the chiefe cause was for his prouision) and the next day they put in with the [ 10] shoare, and came to an Anchor where they got both water and other prouision. But heere they left my Seruant Edward Hilles behind them,* 1.14 who (as they said) going to cut wood, could not bee heard off. The parties that did the Murther, so soone as they came to vs had their reward, ac∣cording to their deserts, being both executed aboord the Pinnace where they did the Murther, whose names were Thomas Clarke who was his Mate, and Francis Driuer Gunner of the said Pinnace. Thus we remayned at Aden vntill the fifteenth of the said moneth, and then our Ge∣nerall and Master determined to goe for the Citie of Moka, which standeth vp higher in the Red Sea some fortie leagues or thereabouts.

But at our departure from Aden, the Gouernour did detayne two of our Merchants, whose names were Iohn Iordan and Philip Glassecocke, and certaine Cloth, and so sent them vp altoge∣ther [ 20] to the Basha,* 1.15 where when they came, they were vsed most kindly; the Basha demanding of them, whether they had brought the Great Turke his Letter with them, they answered him no: whereupon he told them, he could not giue them any leaue to settle a Factorie: but for the cloth which you haue heere, I will take this for a present, because your ship is the first of the English Nation, that euer came into these parts. And seeing you are come, I giue you leaue to sell your goods, and buy what you will, and so to depart at your pleasure Custome free, because of the cloth which I detaine in my hands. Thus with much trouble, because the Westerly Monson beganne to come in,* 1.16 and then the Current runneth out of the Red Sea) in the end we passed the Straights being not aboue one mile and an halfe broad at the most.

The eleuenth of Iune we came to anchor in the Roade of Moka, where we were most kindly [ 30] entertayned, and the same day our Generall went ashoare, where he was most louingly receiued. This Citie of Moka is the chiefe Staple for all Indian Trade.* 1.17 For all the goods that are brought to Cairo and to Alexandria come from thence. We stayed in this Roade of Moka in trimming of our Pinnace vntill the sixe and twentieth day of Iuly, and then our Generall and Master deter∣mined to follow their Voyage for Cambaya, sore against the mindes of the Company, being the chiefe Officers of the ship. That night through the head-strongnesse of our Master, we lost two Anchors.

The seuenth day of August we came to the Iland of Socotora, where we had so much winde at South, and South South-east, that we were hardly able with our ship to keepe the shore, which our Pinnace not being able to doe, was blowne off, hauing not aboue two or three dayes victuals in her at the most. Whilest we lay at this Iland of Sacotora to get in a Boates lading of water, [ 40] and two or three Boates of stones for ballast, we had such forcible gales of wind, that we broke two more of our best Anchors, hauing lost (as is aforesaid) two before in the Red Sea: so vehe∣mently doe those South-west windes blow at that Iland. In that time of the yeare, we now ha∣uing but two left to supply our vses withall. We stayed at the Iland of Socotora vntill the twen∣tieth day of August, and then we wayed and directed our course for Cambaya.

* 1.18The second day of September we fell with the Coast of Diu, some eight leagues to the East∣ward of Diu, we steered alongst the shoare some seuen leagues more to the Eastward, and then came to an Anchor a head-land. The third day we sent our Skiffe ashore, where the people re∣sorted vnto vs, hauing certaine conference with them, as also buying of them sheepe and other [ 50] things. They vnderstanding that we were bound for Surat, one of them came aboord desiring of our Generall passage to Surat, as also certifying our Generall, that the way was very dangerous, offering him for seuen pieces of eight, to fetch a Pilot which should conduct the ship safely to the Port. But (being ruled in most things by our Master) hee not regarding the words of the a∣foresaid Moore or Bannian. The fourth day we wayed Anchor about three of the Clocke in the afternoone, at the last quarter Ebbing; (if we had taken the first quarter floud, we should sure∣ly haue had water ouer all those shoulds) so that night we runne on the shoulds and strooke our Rudder off,* 1.19 and the next day being the fift day of September, wee lost our ship also, that night we forsook our ship, and betook vs to our two Boats, being a thing most miraculous, that so many men should be saued in two such small Boates, wee beeing at the least eightene leagues from the [ 60] shore. Thus was this tall ship lost to the great hinderance of the worshipfull Company, and to the vtter vndoing of all vs the poore Mariners, being altogether ouerthrowne with all the treasure and goods, both of the Merchants and the poore Companies, beeing so farre from our Natiue Countrey.* 1.20 We remayned vpon the Sea in our Boates, vntill the sixth day about foure of the

clocke in the afternoone, and then we discouered Land which we made vnto, with all the means we could possibly, indeuouring the best we could to fall with the Riuer of Surat. But note how the Lord did preserue vs, hauing as I said before, deliuered vs from the danger of the Sea, hee would not now suffer vs to fall into the hands of our Enemies, I meane the Portugalls, who lay at that time at the Barre of Surat,* 1.21 with fiue sayle of Frigats to take our Boates at our comming ashore, for they had intelligence of our ships comming before. For contrary to our mindes wee fell with the Riuer of Gandeuee some fiue leagues to the Southward of the Barre of Surat,* 1.22 where we were kindly entertayned of the Gouernour of the Towne. Heere wee heard likewise of the comming of our Pinnace into the same Riuer, and of her fetching away by the Portugalls: but [ 10] all the men had forsaken her, and were gone to Surat by Land.

The Gouernour of this Towne of Gandeuce is a Bannyan, and one of those kind of people,* 1.23 that obserue the Law of Pythagoras. They hold it a great sinne to eate of any thing that hath life or breath, but liue of that which the Earth naturally affoordeth of it selfe. They likewise honour the Cow and haue her in great estimation among them, and also obserue the ancient custome of burning of their dead. It hath likewise in old time beene a great custome amongst them, for the women so soone as their Husbands were dead, to burne themselues aliue with him: but now of late yeares, they haue learned more wit, and doe not vse it so commonly. Yet those women that doe it not, haue their haire cut, and euer after are held for no honest women, for that they will not accompany their Husbands into the other World, as they say.

The seuenth day wee departed out of this Towne to trauell for Surat, which might bee some [ 20] fortie miles or thereabout, and the ninth day came thither where William Finch keeping the Fa∣ctory, met vs: but Captaine Hawkins was gone vp to the King to Agra.* 1.24 This Citie of Agra is from Surat some thirtie dayes iourney: there the King is resident and keepeth his Court. Heere at Surat our Generall with our Company stayed till the latter end of September, and then himselfe with the rest of our Company went from Surat, and tooke their iourney vp for the Citie of Agra, so to trauell by the way of Persia for England. But I holding no fit course for mee, determined with my selfe to take some other course for the getting into my Countrey. Whilest I was in many determinations, it pleased God of his goodnesse to send a Father of the Order of Saint Paul being a Portugall, who was come from Cambaya to Su∣rat by Land, with whom I came acquainted, he promising me, that if I would commit my selfe [ 30] into his hands, hee would send mee home into my Countrey, or at the leastwise into Portugall, which promise he did accomplish most faithfully. In company of this Father, my selfe and three more of our Company, (Richard Mellis who dyed in the Caracke in the way homeward bound, Iohn Elmor and one Robert Fox) departed from Surat the seuenth day of October, and came in∣to the strong Towne and Fortresse of Daman,* 1.25 where once againe I saw our Pinnace the Good Hope, that wee had built at the Cape of Bona Esperanza: from Daman wee came to Chaul from thence to Goa, the eighteenth day of Nouember.* 1.26 The ninth day of Ianuary we were im∣barked in a Caracke called Our Ladie of Pittie, beeing the Admirall of the Fleet of foure sayle, and so departed the Coast of India. The eight and twentieth day of Ianuary wee passed the E∣quinoctiall [ 40] vpon the Coast of India, and the one and twentieth of March we fell with the land in thirtie three degrees and an halfe, some fiue leagues Eastward of Cape de Agulas,* 1.27 where wee lay with contrary windes, vntill the second of Aprill, and then wee were incountred with a mightie storme at the West South-west, which blew so vehemently that wee were forced to beare vp sixe houres before the Sea, and then it pleased God to send vs faire weather. The fourth day of Aprill we fell with land againe in thirtie foure degrees and fortie minutes. Then we lay driuing to and againe in the Sea, with contrary windes, and in sight of the shore, so that wee were twice within three or foure leagues of the Cape of Bona Esperanza, yet could not possibly get about. Thus we lay driuing to and againe in the Sea, and in sight of the shore, vntill the nine∣teenth day of Aprill,* 1.28 and then it pleased God that we doubled the foresaid Cape of Bona Espe∣ranza, to our no little comfort, being in great despayre before, and fearing our wintering at Mo∣sambique, [ 50] which is a common thing amongst the Portugalls. The seuen and twentieth of Aprill we pailed the Tropicke of Capricorne, and the ninth day of May wee came to an Anchor at the Iland of Saint Helena, which standeth in fifteene degrees of Southerly latitude; where we stayed vntill the fifteenth of the said moneth in watering: and then we weighed and directed our course for the passing of the Equinoctiall: and the second of Iune we passed the same.

The sixe and twentieth of the said moneth we passed the Tropicke of Cancer with the winde at Northeast, which the Portugalls call the generall wind, and the sixteenth of Iuly we passed by the Westerly Ilands by iudgement of the Pilot in the Caracke, beeing in the latitude of fortie degrees and odde minutes to the North-wards, we not seeing any land since our departure from Saint Helena. So (praysed be God) the third day of August, wee made the Land of Portugall,* 1.29 [ 60] being not aboue two leagues off the Rocke, to our no little comfort. And the same day we came to an Anchor in the Road of Caskalles. I the same day imbarked my selfe in a Boat, and went a∣shore, and so escaped the hands of the Portugalls. I remayned in Lisbone secretly vntill the thir∣teenth day of the said moneth, and then I imbarked my selfe in a ship of London, with Master

Steed, which was thither bound. And the same day wee wayed Anchor in the Bay of Wayers there was a Boat full of Portugalls to haue taken the ship, and so to haue carryed vs ashore, hauing had intelligence of our departure. But we setting sayle, put forth to Sea, and escaped the danger, and praysed be God arriued at our long desired home.

The seuenteenth day of September, Anno 1610. It being two yeares and six monethes since our departure out of England.

§. II. The report of WILLIAM NICOLS a Mariner in the Ascention which [ 10] trauelled from Bramport by Land to Masulipatan, written from his mouth at Bantam by HENRY MORIS, Sept. 12. 1612. The former and greater part is the same in substance with that of T. IONES, and therefore omitted.

THe Company departed from our Generall, not able to prouide for them, and left the rest to stay by him being very sicke. Some went to one place, and some to another, and some backe againe for Surat.* 1.30 And I my selfe being one of them that were wil∣ling to take the best course for my selfe that I could, I told them I would trauell [ 20] (God-willing) to Masulipatan, for I knew there was an Holland Factorie there, as I had heard at Surat before we came from thence. I could not finde any Christian to trauell ouer Land with me; and inquiring at Bramport; if there were any that would trauell to Masulipatan, I met with company which were trauelling that way: but it was such company that few Englishmen would trauell with them. For they were three Iewes: but necessitie hath no law. After I had a∣greed to trauell with them, I thought, if I trauelled with any money the Dogges would cut my throat.* 1.31 So I made away with all my money, and attyred my selfe in the Habit of a Turke, and tooke my iourney with those Dogges, without any peny of money in my Purse: and tra∣uelling with them, foure monethes, had nothing to eate but only such food as the Iewes gaue me, and many times, when I was hungry they would giue mee no meate, so that I was inforced to [ 30] eate such meate as they gaue their Camels, and no better, and glad I could get it, nay, sometimes I was infored to be in fee with the Camell Keeper to giue mee a little. In this miserable case I trauelled with these Dogges foure monethes: sometimes they would say, come let vs cut this Dogges throate, and afterwards open his belly, for he hath eaten his Gold: two would haue cut my throate, but the third was an honest Dogge, for he would not consent vnto it. So with ma∣ny a weary iourney and hungry belly,* 1.32 after a long and dangerous trauell we came safe vnto Ma∣sulipatan, where I presently discharged my selfe from these cruell Dogges, and came vnto the Dutch house where the Captaine vsed mee very kindly, and gaue mee clothes, and meate and drinke fiue moneths before any shipping came there. At length there came three ships to Ma∣sulipatan, the one called the Hay, the other the Sunne, and the third was a Frigot, which they had [ 40] taken in the Streights of Malacca, and the Sunne and the Frigot being bound for Bantam. I in∣treated the Master to grant me passage, and I would labour for my passage, who told mee very kindly, that he would not only giue me passage, but would also giue me wages: for the which I gaue him great thankes, and so came aboord. Not long after, we set sayle from thence, and came to Bantam the sixth day of September,* 1.33 1610. being Thursday, and came presently to the Eng∣lish House with ioyfull heart. 1610.

In my trauell (with the three Iewes) ouerland, these faire Townes I passed, which I bare in minde, for I could neyther write nor reade.

First, after I came from Bramport, I came to Ieuaport, from thence to Huidare, from thence to Golacaude, and so to Masulipatania. [ 50]

§. III. The vnhappie Voyage of the Vice-Admirall, the Vnion outward bound, till shee arriued at Priaman, reporeed by a Letter which Master SAMVE•• BRAD∣SHAW sent from Priaman, by HVMPHRY BIDVLPHE, the eleuenth day of March, 1609. written by the said HENRY MORIS at Bantam, Sept. the fourteenth, 1610.

[ 60]

YOu haue alreadie heard of the passage of the two ships (the Ascention and the Vnion) from England, to the Cape De Bona Esperanza, but after their departure out of the Roade of Saldania, and of their loosing one another in doubling of the Cape, as yet you haue not heard. Therefore I thought good to make some relation thereof, as

well as of the other, and that truly, as from other men report I haue heard; and thus it was. After they had lost one another by stormy weather, in doubling of the Cape, the Vnion in that storme sprang her Maine-Mast, and in the middest of the storme they were inforced to fish it againe: by reason whereof, they lost the company of their Admirall, and at last, being without hope ei∣ther to meete with Ship or Pinnasse there-abouts, considering that the storme continued; they shaped their course for the Bay of S. Augustine, being vpon Madagascar.* 1.34 Where being arri∣ued, they went ashore, and had good refreshing, and stayed there twenty daies, being in good hope to haue met our Admirall and the Pinnasse there, but all their hopes were frustrate. Then being out of all hope to haue their company, they set sayle from thence, and directed their course [ 10] for Zanzibar, in hope to meete their Generall there: where being arriued, they went on shoare, and at first were kindly entertained: but at their next going ashoare, they lay in Ambush,* 1.35 and as soone as they landed, salied out vpon them, and killed the Purser presently, and one Mariner, and tooke one of their Merchants Prisoner; yet by great chance, they gat off their Boate and came aboord. The names of them that were slaine, were Richard Kenn, Purser, the Mariners name I haue forgotten, but the Merchants name that was taken Prisoner, was Richard Wicham: they put to Sea about the moneth of February 1608. with the winds at North-east and Nor∣therly, iust against them as they should goe for Socotora.

Now after they had spent much time at Sea, and little or nothing in the way, (and the most part of the men very much troubled with the Scuruy) the Captaine purposed, and accordingly [ 20] bare vp the Helme for the North part of S. Laurance,* 1.36 determining to goe for the Bay of Anton∣gil: but they fell on the West side of the Iland, intending to recouer their almost-lost men there, and spend the vnprofitable Monson. Vpon which end of S. Laurance, they fell into an excee∣ding great Bay,* 1.37 which afterwards they vnderstood to be called by the Countrey people Canquo∣morra, a Countrey very fruitfull and pleasant to behold. The very first view thereof, gaue great content to all their men in generall: who no sooner arriued in the Bay, but within short time had conference with the Country people, and at first they profered them great kindnesse, but after it proued to the contrary. Whereupon Master Rowles the Captaine, and Master Richard Reue, chiefe Merchant, and Ieffrey Carlel, with three others, which were attendant vpon the Cap∣taine, aduentured to goe ashore vnto the King: and that made them the more venterous, because [ 30] diuers times before, all the Merchants had beene ashore at the Kings Palace (in their Skiffe and long Boate) and spake with the King, who profered them great kindnesse, and came aboord a∣gaine, as safe as if they had beene in their owne Natiue Countrey of England.* 1.38 Samuel Bradshaw had beene often imployed about businesse vnto the King: yet (it pleased God) at this time, the Captaine had some other occasion of businesse for him, and so staid him aboord (a happy turne for him:) for they no sooner came ashore, but they were betrayed by the Countrey people: but by the great Prouidence of the Almightie the Boates escaped, and presently came aboord, and informed them of all that happened: Where they no sooner had made knowne vnto them this dolefull newes, but presently they saw such abundance of Prawes, and great Boates,* 1.39 comming out of the Riuer vnto them, that it was admirable to behold. The Master spake vnto the Gun∣ner [ 40] to make the Ordnance ready, which was soone effected. This Fleete of Infidels came row∣ing vp vnto their Shippe, as though presently they would haue boorded them: but by the dili∣gence of the Gunner and his Mates, he made them retire,* 1.40 by sinking of some halfe dozen of their Boates, and they retired backe againe as fast, as if they had beene Sheepe chased by the Wolfe. But before we made such massacre amongst them, they came vp in the face of our Ord∣nance, and we thought verily they would haue taken vs all: for the fight continued (at least) two houres very dangerous, till we plagued them so with our Ordnance: and then,* 1.41 he accounted himselfe happiest that first could cleere himselfe, and wee continually sent after them, as farre as the Ordnance would reach. After they were gone from vs in this first attempt, we stayed in the Bay some foureteene daies, being in good hope to recouer our lost men againe,* 1.42 in which time [ 50] we lost seuen men more through a suddaine disease, which daunted vs more then the malice of those Infidels. The men which died, were they that wrought so lustily about the Ordnance in the fight, that within two daies they were all throwne ouer-boord. These crosses comming to∣gether, and no hope to recouer our lost men, they thought it folly to make any longer stay there, and therefore presently made hast away. And being not throughly watered, they thought good to spend a little time in another place thereby: but before they could dispatch, they attempted against them the second time, with a great multitude of Boates, and many of them great vessels,* 1.43 and so thicke pestered with men, that it was wonderfull: but they liked their first entertaine∣ment so well, that they cared not for comming too neere them the second time, but went all on shoare, and placed themselues to looke vpon the Ship. Then presently perceiuing what their in∣tended [ 60] purpose was, and fearing some mischiefe in the night, they weighed and stood in for the shore (where all the Infidels sate) and gaue them a whole broad side for a farewell: which fell among the thickest of them, and in their sight made such lanes among them, that they soone for∣sooke their places, and gat out of their sight with as much speed as might be:* 1.44 From thence they tacked and stood off at Sea, leauing behind them foureteene men, seuen betrayed, and seuen that

di••d w••th sicknesse. Then being cleare from those Infidels, they directed their course for Socotora, but by some negligence, for want of hulling in betimes, the winds tooke them short, that they could not fetch it,* 1.45 but they fell more to the East-ward vpon the Coast of Arabia, which was about the fourth of Iune, and the Winter Monson being come, they could not, nor durst goe for Camba••a: Moreouer, vpon that Coast, they could not finde any good place to harbour themselues in, vntill the Winter were past. Wherefore, keeping within sight of the Coast foure daies, sometimes being in danger of the shore, they thought it but folly to neglect the time any lon∣ger; and therefore resolued vpon some course to be taken, for the best performance of the Voy∣age. So the Master calling the best, and most principall men in the shippe, and such as were best experienced in those affaires, they presently concluded altogether to goe for Achen: and [ 10] being in hope there, to meete with some Guzurats, to barter their English Commodities with them,* 1.46 directing their course for that place, they arriued there the seauen and twentieth of Iuly. And within seuen daies after their arriuall, they had admittance to the King, with a Present that was giuen, (which they were inforced to doe somewhat largely) because the Hollanders sought to crosse them, a••d deb••rre them from Trade. Their aspiring minds could not haue any to Trade into India, but themselues; therefore after Master Bradshaw had beene with the King, and spent some time with them at Achen, he fell to Trade with the Guzurats for some of their Commodi∣ties, for our English Cloath and Lead, in trucke for Baftas, blacke and white, which is Guzurat Cloath, which they sell in those parts. After they had stayed there some small time, and trucked with the Guzurats for some Commodities, they tooke their leaue, and set sayle from thence, [ 20] and came vnto Priaman,* 1.47 and had Trade there in short space, to their hearts content. And al∣tho••gh Fortune had crossed them all the Voyage, yet God at length brought them vnto a plea∣sant Port to make some Trade and benefit of their Voyage. Heere they staied and tooke in Pep∣per, and at leng••h laded their shippe, and might l••ng before, if there had not beene a mutiny a∣mong the Company, for the Saylers would doe as pleased themselues. But Master Bradshaw vsed them with such faire words, that (at l••ngth) they gat that they came for. Heere Griffin Mauris (the Master) dyed:* 1.48 all businesse being ended, Master Bradshaw sent Humphrey Biddulph vnto Ban∣tam, and Siluester Smith to beare him company, with some remainder of goods, which they could not sell at Priaman, nor at Tecco: not long after that he had taken his leaue of them, they shaping their course for Bantam, in a China Iunke, he presently set sayle for England, in the month [ 30] of February 1609.

The lamentable successe of the said ship and Voyage, appeareth by the Letters following.

Laus Deo in Morlaix, the first of March 1611.

BRother Hide, this day is come to our hands a Letter from Odwen, written by one William Bag∣get an Irish-man, dwelling in the same Towne, aduising vs of most lamentable newes of a shippe of London, called the Vnion, which is vpon this Coast, about two leagues from the said Odwen: which the men of the Towne perceiuing, sent out two Boates vnto her; and when they came there, they found [ 40] that it was a shippe come from the East-India, richly laden with Pepper and other goods, hauing in her but onely f••ure men aliue, of which foure men, one is an In••ian, and other three dead in the shippe: which the foure liuing men through feeblenesse, were not able to cast ouer-boord, nor were scarce able to speake: so the men of the two Boates haue brought the shippe into the Roade of Odwen. And as this Iri••h-man writeth, they of the Towne haue vnladen the most part of the goods, and hauing directed his Letter to some English Merchants in this place, to repaire thither with all expedition, to see the ordering of the ship and goods, as belonging to the East-Indian Company. This Letter, is confirmed by one other Letter written in French by the Bayliffe of Kimper, and directed to one of this Towne, which I haue seene: And there∣fore we thought it good to send three Cop••es of this Irish-mans Letter, by three seuerall Barkes, to the [ 50] end that the Merchants may be aduertised, and giue order that their goods and shippe may be in safetie, for it is to be doubted that the rude people will make a wracke of her. I thinke it not amisse therefore, that they send to the Court of France, to procure the Kings Authoritie, for I feare there will be much trou∣ble about the matter. In the meane time, my selfe, with George Robbins will ride downe to see in what state all things are, and doe the best we can in the Me••chants behalfe, t••ll they send some one with procu∣ration, good and ample for the following of this businesse, as in their discretion shall see me fitting. The ship is reported to be of three or foure hundred Tunnes, and hath three Deckes, I doubt wee shall finde her shrewdly riffled when we shall come there. The importunate writing both of the Irish-man and the Bayliffe of Kimper, hath caused vs to take this iourney: And we doe it the rather in consideration of the Compa∣ny, presuming that they will consider our charge, because we haue both emplored friends, and procured Mo∣ney [ 60] in the place, to satisfie such as haue taken paines in sauing of the shippe and goods if need be. Not∣withstanding, I would wish that they send some with expedition by way of Rouen, with other prouision of Money: f••r that this is no place of Exchange as you know, where Money may be had at all times. I had rather giue fiftie pound, then take this iourney at this time, because I haue much goods vpon my hands as

I partly wrote to you in my last. The Masters name of the shippe is Edmund White, the Masters Mate, Thomas Duckmanton, and the other Samuel Smith, and the Indian. They are in very pittifull taking, and in great want of Money, neither can they be masters of their goods: therefore let them send men of good experience about this businesse. And thus being in some hast readie to take Horse, I com∣mit you to the Lords protection, resting your assured friend alwaies to command,

BERNARD COVPER▪

Neglect no time in making this knowne [ 10] to the Company.

Directed to Master Thomas Hide, Merchant in London.

February 1610. touching the Vnion at Andierne.

THE eighth day of February, I came ouer the Pole-head of Bourdeaux, and the eleuenth of the same I lost my fore-mast, my Botsprit, and my Ruther: the same night I put into Olderyearne, the thir∣teenth day the French-men brought the Vnion of London vpon the Rockes: the foureteeneth day I went aboord the Vnion with my Boate, and the French-men had beene aboord foure daies; the same time I [ 20] brought Samuel Smith on shoare, Thomas Duttoncon, and the Master Edmond White. The fifteenth day I got William Bagget my Merchant, to write me a Letter to Morles; the eighteenth day the Letter was sent, and I paid two Crownes for the carriage: the twentieth, the Indian dyed, and the same day I buried him: the one and twentieth day, the Master died, and I b••ried him: the two and twentieth came Master Roberts, and Master Couper: the sixe and twentieth, Master Couper and Master Roberts went to Morles. Againe, the fourth day of March, William Coarey, the Hoast of Master Couper and Master Roberts: the fifth, I went aboord with my Boates, and William Coarey, at low water, I went into the shippes hold at low water, and I brought an Example of the worst Pepper: the sixth day, I came from Olde-yearne; the eighth, I came to Morles: the seuenteenth, came Master Hide to Mor∣les: the one and twentieth, I came from Morles; the two and twentieth at night, I came into the Ile of [ 30] Wight: the foure and twentieth, I came to Hampton: the eight and twentieth day, I came to London.

Your louing Friend, WILLIAM WOTTON.

THey saued after the spoile of the Brittons almost two hundred Tunnes of Pepper, some Beniamin, and some China Silkes, which they bought at Techou in Sumatra, out of a shippe of China. They [ 40] touched outward bound at Saldania, where they stayed long in setting vp a Shallop or Pinnasse, they lost Master Rowles in S. Laurence: they lost more men at Zanzibar: they laded Pepper at Achen, Pria∣man, Passeman, and Tecou: there they bought Silke of a shippe of China. In their returne, they met with Sir Henry Middleton, hauing thirtie sixe men in reasonable good state aboord then: they deliuered vnto him certaine Chests of Siluer: They missed the Ile of S. Helena, most of their men dyed, on this side Cape Verde: ten English, and foure Guzarats▪ were taken out of her by a Barke of B••stol and a Scot. There landing in the Road of Anderne, and other matters are before set downe: The shippe after the Pep∣per goods were taken out and dried was found by Master Simonson, a skilfull Ship-wright, sent thither of purpose, to saue it if it might be, vtterly vnseruiceable: The Ordnance, Anchors, and other furnitures were saued.

[ 50] Thomas Duckmanton the Masters Mate, Robert Wilson of Detford, Bullock the Surgeon, Ia∣cob Peterson, and fiue English-men more remaine aliue, of seuentie fiue that went out of England: three or foure Guzarats also came home aliue.

§ IIII. The Voyage of M. Ioseph Salbancke through India, Persia, part of Turkie, the Persian-Gulfe, and Arabia, 1609. Written vnto Sir Thomas Smith.

[ 60]

GAndeue was the first Towne, where after the wracke and descension of the Ascension, we * 3.1 arriued, hauing a very faire hauen, and great store of shipping, whereof some are of fiue hundred tunnes burthen. From thence we iournied to Sobay, a Village that con∣sisteth altogether of Spinners and Weauers, and there is much Calico cotten cloth made.

From thence we came to Surat, which hath been a Citie of great trade, and hath great store of shipping.* 3.2 Those of the greatest burthen are laded not at the Towne, but are carried ouer the Barre with their ballast onely, and there are laden. At an high water, they haue sixteene foot o∣uer the Barre.

From Surat we trauelled toward Agra, the principall Citie of the Grand Mogol, and came first to Nabon,* 3.3 where Sugar groweth in great abundance, and Cotton-wooll, and all manner of Graine. Here all kind of victuals are very cheape. Then to a Citie called Daytaot, where are sold great store of Drugs, Pintados, and Calico-lawnes. Afterward we came to Netherberi, where is a Market of all Brasen wares, shirts of maile, Swords and bucklers, Lances, Armours for Hor∣ses: also Cotton-wools, Cotton yarne, Pintados, Shashes, and all manner of drugges. In this place [ 10] cloth would be very vendible, because course cloth is there exceeding deare.

From thence we proceeded to a Village called Saylot, where is store of Sugar, and fruites of all sorts.* 3.4 We departed thence to Sadise, a Garrison Towne. Here the Riuer Tynde runneth downe to Surat. From Sadise we came to the great Citie Bramport, gouerned by Can Canow. This Ci∣tie standeth in eight and twenty degrees, where Muskets, Snaphanses, Pistols, Petronels, and Swords are very saleable. Woollen cloth in this place wil prooue a great commodity, as also cloth of Gold and Siluer, Veluets, Broad cloths, and Bayes, because there are there so many Gallants. From thence we came to Caddor, and so to Sawbon. Then we trauailed to a great Citie, named Cannow, where is much trading for Cloth, Swords, Shashes, Pieces, and Armour, besides colours for Diers of all sorts. Here our clothes would sell well: for it beareth somewhat to the North∣ward, [ 20] and is very cold in Ianuary, February, and March.

About a dayes iourney from this place, we passed ouer the great Riuer Ganges, which runneth into the Gulfe of Bengala, issuing out of the North-west, and running directly East into the said Gulfe. From hence we set forward toward Agra, & spent eleuen dayes trauelling through a plea∣sant Countrey, and abounding with seuerall kinds of Indian commodities, and so arriued at Agra.

Agra is a very great Citie, and populous, built with stone, hauing faire and large streets, with a faire Riuer running by it, which falleth into the Gulfe of Bengala. It hath a faire Castle, and a strong, entrenched round about with a ditch. Hither is great refort of Merchants from Persia, and out of India, and very much Merchandize of Silkes, and Cloths, and of precious stones, both Ru∣byes, Diamonds, and Pearles. The Diamonds are found in diuerse places, as in Bisnagar, in De∣li, and here at Agra. But Rubyes, Saphyres, and Spinels are found in Pegu. In this Citie, with∣out [ 30] all question, our richer Silkes and Veluets, but especially our clothes of light colours will sell very well,* 3.5 beeing a place of great trading, being not aboue twelue miles from Fatipore, a Citie as great as London, and very populous; besides Lahor, and many other important Cities in this King∣dome.

At Agra we abode thirteene dayes, and then set forward toward Hispaon in Persia, by the way of Biani,* 3.6 beeing but two Moneths iourney, leauing the way by Lahor, which is foure Mo∣neths iourney. From Agra to Biamy, we spent two dayes trauell. Biamy is the cheifest place for Indico in all the East India, where are twelue Indico milles. It groweth on small bushes, and beareth a seede like a Cabbage seed. Being cut downe, it lyeth on heapes for halfe a yeere to rot, [ 40] and then by Oxen it is troden out from the stalkes, and afterward is ground very fine, and then boiled in fornaces, and so sorted out into seuerall sorts. The best Indico is there worth eight pence a pound.

From Biamy, we spent eight dayes iourney to Merta, passing by many Townes and Villages. In some of them there was store of course Indico,* 3.7 in others Calicoes, and store of Cotton-wools. Al∣so we passed ouer the faire Riuer Paddar, which runneth to Guzerat, and falleth into the Sea to the East-ward of the Persian Gulfe.* 3.8 In Merta there are three Basars or Markets euery weeke, where is sold great store of Indico, Cotton-wool, yarne, and Cotton cloths. From Merta or Menta we trauelled fiue and twentie dayes, through these three chiefe Townes, Reuree, Buckar, and Suker. Reuree is a Towne consisting of husbandmen, and painfull people, who deale also in [ 50] Merchandise,* 3.9 as Cotton cloth, Indico, and other commodities, and are a peaceable people to deale withall.

Buckar stands toward Lahor, where we receiued kind entertainment of the Gouernour. Sword-blades are very good chaffer in this Towne:* 3.10 my selfe hauing experience, who might haue had ten pounds sterling for my Sword, the blade being but worth a Noble in England. Close by this Ci∣tie of Buckar runneth the Riuer Damiadee,* 3.11 which within eight dayes iourney runneth into the Riuer of Synde, which falleth into the Ocean Sea, between the Countryes of Gnadel and Guze∣rate. On this Riuer passe Barkes of fortie or fiftie Tunnes, by meanes whereof, there is traf∣fique vnto diuerse parts of India.

Suckar is situated on an Iland in the middle of the Riuer, and consisteth most of Weauers and [ 60] Diers,* 3.12 which serue the Countrey round about. At Suckar we stayed foure and twentie dayes for a safe conuoy to Candahar,* 3.13 and passed to Candahar in twentie dayes, through many desarts and woods, and with no small difficultie. Candahar is a Citie of importance, which is frequented with Merchants out of Turkie, Persia, and the parts of India, and is gouerned by a Vice-roy. Here we

abode twelue dayes, and from hence set forward toward Hispahan in Persia, and trauelled fiue dayes till we came to Grees, che first Towne in the Countrey of Persia,* 3.14 passing ouer the Riuer Sabaa, which diuideth the Mogol and the Persian. Here we paid a custome for our Cammels.

Grees is a frontier Towne, where the Persian hath a Garrison of a thousand souldiers. From Grees, we spent eight dayes to the Citie Parra, passing through a vast countrey, sometimes pas∣sing by Villages: one of most note was called Vea▪ for the store of Felts and Carpets made there, and for the plenty of Dates, and all sorts of fruits. Parra is a Citie of great traffique, but especi∣ally for raw silke. Here we rested two and twenty dayes onely for a Carauan.

From Parra we spent eighteene dayes to Iesd, a Citie of Persia, passing through a very desolate [ 10] countrey. Not farre from this Towne is Pahanaunis, where is made great store of raw Silke: as also at Godana foure dayes iourney off. From Iesd we spent seuenteene dayes to Hispahan, pas∣sing by Gora, a faire Towne, where is store of raw Silkes, Quilts, Silke-carpets, and Turkeshes. And so we arriued at Hispahan. Haspahan is one of the greatest Cities in Persia, where the King sometimes keepeth his residencie. The people are industrious and curious in all Sciences, but e∣specially in weauing Girdles and Shashes, in making of Veluets, Sattens, Dammasks, very good Ormuzines, and Persian Carpets of a wonderfull finenesse. Here you may buy all manner of Drugs, and Spices, and Turkeses, with store of Pearles, Diamonds, and Rubies, as also all sorts of Silkes, as well wrought, as raw. Here might be planted a profitable trade, if our ships with safe∣tie might lade in the Persian Gulfe: where fiftie in the hundred may bee gained from Ormus to [ 20] Hispaan, and that in eightie dayes trauell: whereof I was throughly informed by diuerse Priso∣ners, and Merchants of the great Towne of Iulpha.* 3.15 These commodities are to bee carried from England into Persia; Tinne, Copper, Brasil: as also Carsies for the Common people: Broad cloths for the Merchants and better sort of people, blacke clothes for womens garments, good Chamlets and Veluets died in graine, with purple colours, and fine reds: cloth of Gold and Tissue, Veluets imbroydered with Gold: fine Holland cloth for the King and Sultans; Dagges, and Pistols, com∣pleat harnesse, targets of steele, shirts of maile, stone bowes, brasse and yron Ordnance. The co∣lours of Cloth must be Scarlets, Violets in graine, fine Reds, Blacks, browne Blues, London Rus∣sets, Tawnies, Lyon colours, faire liuely Greenes; all which will be vented at Haspahan, Cashan, Casbin, and Tauris, and other Cities in Persia. I am perswaded, that Hispahan will vent a thou∣sand [ 30] clothes yeerely. At Hispahan I abode thirteene dayes, and spent a moneths iourney to Bag∣dat; which is a Citie about two English miles in compasse, seated on Tigris:* 3.16 neuerthelesse it is ve∣ry populous, and of great traffique of strangers, being the way to Persia, Turkie, and Arabia. Here I embarqued my selfe for Balsara; and was twentie eight dayes in passing downe the Riuer; but it is to be done in eighteene or lesse, if the water be high. Many Ilands are in this Riuer, which I omit to speake of.

Balsara is a Citie neere vnto the Persian Gulfe, a mile and an halfe in circuit. All the buil∣dings, Castles, and Walls are made of bricke dried in the Sunne.* 3.17 The Turke hath here fiue hun∣dred Ianizaries, besides other souldiers continually in garrison. But his chiefe strength is of his Ga∣lies, which are twentie fiue or thirty in number, very faire and furnished with goodly Ordnance. To this port of Balsara come Monthly diuerse ships of fortie or fiftie tunnes from Ormus, laden [ 40] with all sorts of Indian Merchandizes. Also there is great store of Wheate, Rice, and Dates,* 3.18 gro∣wing thereabout, with which they serue Bagdat, and all the Countrey, Ormus, and many Parts of India.

From Balsara, I passed by Sea to Catiffa, on the Coast of Arabia Faelix, gouerned by a Turke, but a rebell against the Grand Signior; where is great plenty of sundry sort of fruites, as Dates, and others. And from thence we sayled by many Ilands, but among the rest, to that famous Iland Baharem, sixe dayes sayling from Balsara, and in the midway to Ormus; where they fish for Pearles foure moneths in the yeere; to wit, in Iune, Iuly, August, September. And here are the best Pearles, which are round and Orient.

From the Ile of Baharem, we sayled to Calara on the coast of Arabia Faelix, and so passed by [ 50] land with Camels, to Shiriff Din, (with a purpose to haue gone to Aman) where one Iohn White an Englishman, which refused my company, was poysoned) to haue giuen some intelligence to Sir Henry Middleton, of our hard vsage before in those parts. But hearing that he was traterously taken in Moha, in the mouth of the Red Sea, and carried in chaines vp to the Bassha of Sin••••, into the maine land of Arabia, I returned to Lima another Towne on the Persian Gulfe, and there imbarqued my selfe to haue passed to Socotora, an Iland neere the mouth of the Red Sea: B••t I was taken by Pirates, and so was driuen to land at Snar or Soar, a coast Towne not farre ••••om Lima.

At Snar, certaine Portugals, whose Barkes were there cast away, informed the Gouernour [ 60] that I was a Spie, and prayed him to deliuer mee vp into their hands; who hauing obtained their request, carried me to Azibo, and so to Mascate or Muscat, an Iland, where they haue a small Garrison of some fortie men, besides their gallies, as also one Church, and two Friars. And here I had abiden for euer, if one Father Drurie, an English Iesuite, which I found there, had not pro∣cured my libertie.

From thence, I was conueied in chaines to Ormus, crossing the mouth of the Persian Gulfe. Ormus is an Island in circuit about thirtie miles: and is the driest Iland in all the world: for there is nothing growing in it but salt:* 3.19 for their Water, Wood, Victualls, and other necessaries come out of Persia, which is about twelue miles from thence. The Portugals haue a strong Castle here, which standeth neere vnto the Sea, where there is a Captaine set by the King of Spaine, hauing vnder him a conuenient number of souldiers, whereof some part remaine in the Castle, and some in the Towne. In this Towne are Marchants of many Nations, and many Moores and Gen∣tiles. Here is very great trade of all sorts of Spices, Drugs, Silkes, cloth of Silke, fine Tapistries of Persia, great store of Pearles, as also Horses of Persia, which serue for all India. And all ships which passe from hence to Goa, wherein are horses, pay no custome in Goa: but if they bring no horses, then they pay eight in the hundred for their goods. [ 10]

From Ormus they sent me prisoner to Goa. And we sailed first to Sinde, which lieth between the Countryes of Guadel and Guzerate,* 3.20 hauing a great Riuer called Damiade falling into it, which Riuer commeth from Lahor, and so to Bucher, and Suchar. In these places is the best Indico sold. You may transport all the goods which the Countrey doth afford, by water to Sinde: where your shippes may ride as safely as in the Riuer of Thames. The Portugals haue no fort in this Riuer.

The place, (by report of the Gouernour, who gaue me a Passe at my first beeing there to bee a pledge, that whensoeuer I should returne with these and these goods, I should bee well entertai∣ned) doth vent cloth of all sorts in reasonable quantitie both fine and course, beeing all light co∣lours; Tinne, Lead, Iron, and Elephants teeth, and Spices of all sorts, especially Pepper and [ 20] Cloues. The commodities that the Countrey doth affoord in great plentie, and cheape price, are fine Calicoes of many sorts, Pintadoes, Q••ilts, Carpets, and other Silke in great plentie. Many of these stuffes are very good for the trade at Banta••, and the Moluccos. Besides, there is great store of Opium, which is a very good commoditie in Bantam, and those parts. And many other drugs fit for our Countrey. The people are of a good disposition, and desirous of trade: victualls are very good cheape: as tenne hennes for tenne pence, a good sheepe a shilling. On the shore the Portugals are subiect to the Countrey people: and if they doe not behaue themselues well, they are seuerely punished.

Passing this coast of Sinde, we arriued at Din in the Kingdome of Cambaya. And it is the strongest Towne that the Portugals haue in these parts.* 3.21 It is but little, but well stored with Mer∣chandise: [ 30] for here they lade many great ships with diuerse commodities, for Ormus and for the Straight of Mecca, and other places: and these be ships of Moores and Christians. The Moores passe by Passeport from the Portugalls.

From Diu we sailed for Goa: which is the principall Citie which the Portugals haue in those parts,* 3.22 and it is gouerned by a Vice-Roy. It standeth in an Iland, which may be thirtie miles about, replenished with Orchards and Gardens, Palme trees, and some Villages. Here be Merchants of many Nations.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Noua Palma a Carack.
• * 1.2

  The Capt. hereof came home in a Ca∣rack.
• * 1.3

  The Bay of Saldania.
• * 1.4

  Comora.
• * 1.5

  Pemba.
• * 1.6

  Treacherous people.
• * 1.7

  Melinda.
• * 1.8

  Three Pangaies taken.
• * 1.9

  W Reuet stab∣bed.
• * 1.10

  Reuenge.
• * 1.11

  The desolate Ilands, not de∣solate of Coco Nuts & other prouision.
• * 1.12

  Aden.
• * 1.13

  Our Kings Letters to the Basna of Zenan or Sinan.

  Their Pinnace came also to Aden.

  Iohn Luffken murdered.
• * 1.14

  Edward Hilles left on land in S. Laurence.
• * 1.15

  Iohn Iordan and Philip Glascocke goe vp to Ze∣nan.
• * 1.16

  They passe the Streights of the Red Sea.
• * 1.17

  They arriue at Moka, or Moha.
• * 1.18

  Septemb. 1609 Diu.
• * 1.19

  They run vpon the shoulds of Cambaya.
• * 1.20

  Ascention lost.
• * 1.21

  Gods mercifull deliuerance.
• * 1.22

  Gandeuce.
• * 1.23

  The Towne of Gandeuce.
• * 1.24

  Agra.
• * 1.25

  Daman. Chaul.
• * 1.26

  Goa. Our Lady of Pitie.
• * 1.27

  Cape de Agulas.
• * 1.28

  They doubled the Cape of Bo∣na Esperanza.
• * 1.29

  The third of August they arriued at Lis∣bone, 1610.
• * 1.30

  The Company diuide them∣selues.
• * 1.31

  W. Nichols tra∣uelleth to Ma∣sulipatan.
• * 1.32

  Hee arriueth at Masulipatan, & is kindly in∣treated at the Hollanders House.
• * 1.33

  He arriueth at Bantam the 6. of Sept. 1610.
• * 1.34

  They arriued at the B••y of S. Augustine in Madagascar.
• * 1.35

  The treachery of the people of Zanzibar.
• * 1.36

  They bare backe againe for S. Laurence.
• * 1.37

  The great Bay of Canquomor∣ra, or B••am••r••.
• * 1.38

  Samuel Brad∣shaw. The Captaine and sixe others betrayed.
• * 1.39

  Abundance of Prawes & great Boates.
• * 1.40

  Sixe Boates of the enemies destroyed.
• * 1.41

  A fight for two hou••es.
• * 1.42

  They stayed 14 daies longer in this Bay.
• * 1.43

  A second at∣tempt m••de by the ene∣mies.
• * 1.44

  They depart from S. Lau∣rence.
• * 1.45

  They fell vpon the Coast of Arabia.
• * 1.46

  They arriue at Achen in Suma∣tra.

  The Hollanders opposition.
• * 1.47

  Priaman.
• * 1.48

  Griffin Mauris the Master died. Tec••o.

  They in the V∣nion returne from Suma••ra for England.
• * 3.1

  Robert Couert was his com∣panion to Bag∣dat and hath written a Trea∣tise of this whole Voyage, which b••eing printed I hau•• omitted. Sabay.
• * 3.2

  Surat.
• * 3.3

  Nabon. Daytaot a Citie. Great store of Drugs Pin••a∣does, and Ca∣licoes. Netherberi.
• * 3.4

  Saylot a Village Sandise a garri∣son Towne. The riuer Tynd. Bramport a great Citie in 28. degrees. A good vent for cloth. Caddor and Sawbon.

  A great Citie called Cannow. Good sale of English clothes. They passe the great Riuer Ganges.

  15. dayes tra∣uell. Agra.
• * 3.5

  Fatipore, a citie as great as Lon∣don.
• * 3.6

  They depart from Agra for Persia.

  Biamy 2. dayes iourney from Agra.

  What Indico is, and the ma∣king thereof.
• * 3.7

  Merta, or Menta.
• * 3.8

  The riuer Pad∣dar runneth vnto Guzerat.
• * 3.9

  Reuree.
• * 3.10

  Buckar a citie.
• * 3.11

  The Riuer Da∣miadee falleth into the riuer of Sinde.
• * 3.12

  Suckar.
• * 3.13

  Candahar.
• * 3.14

  Grees the first Towne of Per∣sia.

  The riuer Sab••a diuideth the Mogo's and Persians Domi∣nions.

  Vea a Village▪ The Citie of Parra.

  Iesd a Citie. Pahanaunis. Godana Gora a faire Towne. Hispahan the cheife citie of Persia.

  Commodities to be bought at Hispahan.
• * 3.15

  Commodities for Persia.
• * 3.16

  Bagdat.
• * 3.17

  Balsara.
• * 3.18

  Catiffa in Ara∣bia ••aelix. The Ile of ••a∣harem, where the best pearls are.

  C••lara or Ca∣tura. Shiriff Din. Iohn White an English Mer∣ch••nt poi••o∣ned.

  Lima a Port Towne in ••he mouth of ••he Per••••an Gul••e. Snar or Soar a ••oast towne in the entrance o•• ••he P••rsian Gulf••

  〈…〉〈…〉 Mas••••te or Mus••a•• F••••her 〈◊〉〈◊〉 an English 〈…〉〈…〉 Mascate in Arabia.
• * 3.19

  Ormus.
• * 3.20

  He was at Sinde, which is an excellent place for our Trade.

  The best In∣dico.

  The safetie of Sinde from the Portugals.

  A good vent of all sorts of Cloth.
• * 3.21

  Din.
• * 3.22

  Goa.