Purchas his pilgrimes. part 1 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

CHAP. VI. The Voyage of GEORGE SPILBERGEN, Generall of a Dutch Fleet of sixe Shippes, which passed by the Magellane straits, and South Sea, vnto the East Indies, and thence (hauing encompassed the whole Circum∣ference of the Earth) home: gathered out of the Latine Iournall, beeing the fift Circum-Nauigation.

[ 10]

ON the eight of August, 1614. they set forth from the Tessell. After much tem∣pestuous weather, on the third of October they attained the height of Madera. On the tenth they lost sight of the Ca••aries.* 1.1 On the twentie third, they had sight of the Islands Braue and Fogo. From the thirtieth of October, to the seuenteenth of Nouember, was a continuall calme, with many showres. And they were forced to stint euery man his Water.* 1.2 December the ninth, they gaue thankes to the Almightie, because they had passed the dangerous sands of Abrolbos. On the thirteenth, we saw Brasil, and by reason of sholds the Great Sunne shot off, to giue warning to the rest not to come very neere the shore. On the twentieth, they came to the Islands Grandes, where they anchored, and went on shore. They tooke much fish, and amongst them small Cro∣codiles, [ 20] of the bignesse of a man. On the thirtieth, whilest they stayed to refresh their sicke men on shore, hearing the Huntsman (one of their ships) to discharge so often, they sent to see, and found that fiue Barkes of Portugals and Indians had set vpon three boats, and slaine the men; whereupon they assailed them, but others came in to their succour, and frustrated the at∣tempt.

Anno 1615. Ianuary the first, a conspiracie of certaine mutinous persons was found out, for which two were executed, beeing hanged vp at yard arme, shotte through with sixe Muskets, and buried on shore, the Preacher hauing all the night before laboured to fit them for a more hap∣py life: others were put in irons, and distributed to diuerse shippes. Before their departure, they called a Councell, and ordained, that if any ship lost the rest, they should set vp a marke in Corde•• [ 30] Hauen, or some other vsuall landing place, and how long they should stay for each other, and af∣ter should hasten to La Mocha. They agreed to remooue thence for want of meet prouision for their sicke, to the Isle of S. Vincent. There the Portugals delayed, and dallied with them trifling away time. On the twenty sixth, they tooke a Barke with eighteene Portugals, whom they denied to exchange for fewer Hollanders, although they offered also many fayre Manuscripts, Pictures, Plate, and other things taken in the prize, pertaining to the Iesuites. They found also that intelligence of them had been giuen by some traitors of their owne Country-men out of Holland. And thus in the beginning of February they departed, freeing foure of their Cap∣tiue Portugals, detaining the rest, for one of which also, another Portugall had offered himselfe, with diuers petty presents, pretending himselfe a Batchelour, and the other his kinsman to haue [ 40] wife and children; but was not accepted. They burned the Prize, and some buildings pertaining to the Portugals, and had well furnished themselues with Oranges and Pome-citrons.

March the seuenth, a cruell storme encountred them, in 52. degrees, and sixe minutes, which continued diuerse dayes, and separated them. And on the one and twentieth, a worse storme happened amongst some mutunous persons,* 1.3 and some of them (to still that tempest) were cast in∣to the Sea, by the better part getting the better. It was the eight and twentieth before they en∣tred the strait, whence the winde and tide forced vs out. Some by contrariety of windes, de∣sired to winter in Port Desire,* 1.4 others to hold their course to the Cape of Good Hope.

Aprill the second, they reentred and anchored, because of sholds, one of which they sounded next day a quarter of a league ouer, and found but fiue Cubits water. They saw here a man * 1.5 of Gi∣antly [ 50] stature, climbing the hils to take view of them. This was in the land of Fogo, or Fire, which is the South of the strait. On the seuenth, they went on shore, found no men, but two Ostriges, and a great Riuer of fresh water, with store of shrubs with sweet blacke berries. On the South-side they found pleasant woods full of Parrots, in fiftie foure degrees, the mountaines full of snow. They called one place Pepper-hauen, of the barke of a tree there, biting like Pepper. On the sixteenth,* 1.6 they conferred with the Sauages, and gaue them Sacke, and certaine Kniues, for Pearles ioyned together in fashion of hornes. But some of the company going on May day on shore, to take certaine goodly Birds, were surprized by some of the Sauages, and two slaine. On the sixt, they passed into the South sea, not without terror both from the depth in the way the day before, scorning the law of anchorage, and after that the dangerous sholds and Islands, be∣twixt [ 60] the Northern and Southern iawes of the not straight Mouth of the Straits, opening into the wide Sea. They were welcomed into this Peaceable Sea, with a terrible storme, which they feared would haue split them on the Sorlings (so for likenesse to ours they called the Islands in that sea a little without the straits.) These straits are dangerous for high Ilands, sholds, and want

of ancorage. Also tedious stormes attended their ingresse and egresse. On the one and twentieth, they had sight of Chili and La Mocha. This Island is low and broad to the North, full of rockes to the South. On the twentie sixth they sent out boats to traffique with the people; the Gouer∣nour and his sonne dined with the Admirall, and seemed glad to see such munition against the Spaniards, as likewise did all the Chilesians at sight of their training and mustering their Souldi∣ers. They exchanged Hatchets, Corall, and the like, for great plenty of Sheep, of which they had two for one Hatchet, with great curtesie. But they brought all to the Boat, nor would suf∣fer any to goe to their Houses, iealous, it seemes, of their wiues. One of these sheep was of legs, and necke very long, hare-mouthed, and bunch-backed, which they vse for carriage and culture [ 10] as asses. They had many Hennes and other Fowles. On the twenty seuenth we set sayle, and twentie eighth came neere the shore, hard by the Island of S. Mary, broken and rockie. On the twenty ninth, we came to harbour therein. A Spaniard came aboord them, hauing a pledge left for him. But inuiting them to a dinner on shore, one of the boats espied a conuoy of Souldiers, tending to that place where they should dine: wherupon they returned aboord, with the Spaniard prisoner. The next morning they went on shore with three Ensignes. The Spaniards set their Church on fire, and fled. In the skirmish two Hollanders were wounded, and foure Spaniards slaine. Their houses built of Reed, yeelded a goodly flame. They found store of Hennes, tooke fiue hundred sheepe, with other spoile. Here they vnderstood of three Ships which had departed thence in Aprill to seeke these Dutch Ships, furnished with a thousand Spaniards, the Admirall [ 20] hauing fortie Brasse Pieces, the rest proportionable. Hereupon the Dutch determined now to seeke them, in the Isle of Conception, and after that in Valparisa, and then on the shore of Ari∣ca. The Spaniard also reported of the like preparation in Lima, hauing Dutch Gunners. They enacted certaine orders of Militarie discipline, how each Ship, and each person should carry himselfe in the fight, if they encountred the enemie, and to die rather then yeeld.

Iune the first, they set sayle, and passed not farre from Auroca,* 1.7 a Towne with fiue hundred Spaniards in Garrison, continually assaulted by the Chilesians. On the third, they approached the Isle Quiriqueynam, neere the Continent, and behind it came vp to the Towne of Conception,* 1.8 wherein besides many Indians, were two hundred Spaniards. On the twelfth, they entred the safe rode of Valparisa. There was a Spanish ship, on which the Mariners set fire, and fled. On the [ 30] thirteenth, they had at none thirty two degrees, fifteene minutes, and in the afternoone came to the faire and secure Harbour of Quintero. They went on shore, and sawe many wilde Horses which fled. Here they watered, and tooke many fish, and for wood and other things found the place very commodious. Euery where Fame had beene their ouer-hasty Harbenger, which cau∣sed Spanish preparation for an vnwelcome intertainment, so that no matter of weight was effected.

Iuly the second, they came to Arricca, in twelue degrees, and fortie minutes.* 1.9 Whether the siluer is brought from Potosi, and carried thence to Panama. But finding no ships there, they de∣parted. On the tenth, they had a calme and raine, not without wonder, because the Prisoner had reported a perpetual serenitie or fairenesse of weather in those parts. On the sixteenth, they tooke a small shippe, with some store of Treasure, most of which was embezelled by the Mari∣ners. [ 40] They tooke out the commodities, and sunke her. They had sight of eight saile, which the Spanish Master of the former Shippe said, was the Fleet-Royall, come forth to seeke the Hol∣landers, against the minde of the Counsell of Peru, which would rather haue had them stay. But Roderigode Mendoza, the Vice-Royes kinsman and Admirall, conceited of himselfe, sayd that two of his shippes would take all England, how much more those Hennes of Holland, after so long a iourney which had spent and wasted them: yea, he was sure they would yeeld to him at the very first. Whereupon the Vice-Roy bid him, Goe and bring them bound vnto him, and Mendoza sware he would neuer returne till they were taken or slaine.* 1.10 Thus he departed out of the road of Calliou, on the eleuenth of Iuly. The Iesu Maria Admirall, had twentie foure brasse [ 50] Pieces, foure hundred and sixtie men of all sorts, and had cost the King, 158000. Ducats. The Vice-admirall S. Anne, had three hundred men, the Captaine Aluares de Piger,* 1.11 which had ta∣ken an English ship in the South sea before; this ship had stood the King in 150000. Ducats, and was the fairest that euer was seene in the Indies. The Carmer had eight brasse Pieces, two hun∣dred Souldiers and Mariners, besides the Commanders and their retinew. To it was the next not next but equall, the S. Iames. The Rosary had one hundred and fiftie men, and foure brasse Ordnance. The S. Francis had no Ordnance, but seuentie Musketiers, and twentie Mariners. Saint Andrew had eightie Musketiers, and twentie fiue Mariners. The eight was sent after the rest, vncertaine with what furniture.

Iuly the seuenteenth they came neere each other in the Euening,* 1.12 and the Dutch Admirall sent [ 60] word to the Spanish, if he pleased to forbeare fight that night. But Roderigo could not be so pa∣tient, but about ten of the clocke set vpon the great Sunne, in which the Admirall himselfe was, and exchanged mutuall Thunders on both sides. The Saint Francis being next raked thorow by the Sunne, by the Hunter (another Holland ship) was sent into a waterie Mansion and perpetu∣all Night. She was presently assaulted by the Spanish Admirall, and had soone followed to tri∣umph

ouer the Francis, her new Conquest in the Chanels bottome, had not her Admirall succoured her with a Boate ful of men, and caused the Vice-Admirall to do the like. The Admirals Boat mi∣staken was by a Peece from the Huntsman drowned, one man alone escaping. The next morning fiue ships sent word to the Admirall, that they would do their best to escape▪ but the Dutch Ad∣mirall and Vice-Admirall set vpon the Spanish Admirall and Vice-Admirall, and entred a blou∣die fight; the Aeolus another Hollandship came in also. The two Spanish ships were fastened together and gaue greater aduantage. At last they forsooke the Vice-Admirall, and leapt into the Admirall▪ not finding therein aboue fiftie persons aliue, as by their Confessions after appea∣red. Meane while they hung out a white flag of Peace, which was diuers times plucked in by the Gentlemen, chusing rather to dye then yeeld. The Dutch pressing them, the Vice-Admi∣rals [ 10] men returned againe and renewed the fight, and the Dutch Vice-Admirall was in great pe∣rill, the Spaniards leaping into her out of their Admirall, but repelled or slaine. And the Spa∣nish Admirall not further enduring fled, and by benefit of night escaped the pursuit of the Dutch Admirall if out of the fire into the water be an escape. For such was the fame that she went to visit the Saint Francis, as also was said of another of them called the Saint Mary. The Vice-Admirall and Aeolus bestirred them so with fierie Rhetorikes and yron Disputes, that the Spanish Vice-Admirall past hope of escaping set vp a flag of Truce. The Dutch Vice-Admirall sent two Boats to bring the Commander abord. But he refused, saying, he would stay that night except the Vice-Admirall himselfe would fetch him: or send some Captaine to remaine in pledge, and rather desired death then disgrace. One of the Aeolus men in this while had taken [ 20] away their flag, and the Boats departed, ten or twelue staying aboord contrarie to command that they might bee first in the spoile. They did together with the Dutch what they could doe in the night to preserue the ship from sinking, but seeing their labour vaine, they lighted many lights and with horrible clamours for helpe, were of the relentlesse Sea swallowed vp in the Hollanders sight. The next morning they sent out foure Boates which found thirtie swimming on the bords, crying for mercie, which to some of the chiefe they shewed leauing the rest to the Seas crueltie, or preuenting it by humane inhumanitie, some of the Dutch against command, slaying some Spaniards. The Commander, or Vice-Admirall had perished before of his wounds. Some fortie Dutchmen were wounded and sixteene slaine in those three ships. In the rest eigh∣teene wounded, and foure and twentie slaine. The same day they went for Caliou de Lima, but [ 30] the Calme suffered them not.* 1.13 The twentieth they passed by the Iland and saw in the Hauen four∣teene ships going to and fro neere the shore, but could not come neere for the shold: and therefore went to the Road of Caliou de Lima to seeke for the Spanish Admirall, whom afterwards they learned in Guarme and Peyta to haue beene sunke. From the shore the Spaniards shot off their great Ordnance, one of which carried a Bullet of thirtie sixe pound, and had almost sunke the Huntsman. They saw also on shore a great Armie in which the Vice-roy himselfe was present with eight Troupes of Horse, and foure thousand foot: they agreed to goe backe out of the reach of their shot and cast anchor at the mouth of the Hauen, where they stayed to the fiue and twen∣tieth with intent to take some of their ships, but in vaine, they being lighter of saile. On the sixe and twentieth they tooke a little Barke laden with Salt, and eightie Vessels of Sirrup, the [ 40] men all fled. They ordered that if they met with the fleet of Panama, in regard they were in the enemies Countrey, where they could not repayre their losses, & were also bound to the Manillas, that they would not giue audacious on-sets, and should take heed of being separated, which had much endangered them in the last fight: and if any hostile ship should yeeld, the Masters & chiefe Officers should not forsake their owne ships, but cause the enemie to come in Boats aboord them, lest confusion, as lately through greedinesse of spoyle, should happen. The seuen and twentieth they set sayle: the eight and twentieth, they came to the Roade of Guarme, in ten degrees, be∣yond the Line, a pleasant place with a large Hauen. Neere vnto it is a Lake of standing water. They went on shore but found the people all fled who had left little pillage. Some Hennes, O∣ranges, Hogges and Meale they tooke. [ 50]

* 1.14August the third they dismissed some of their Spanish Prisoners. They passed betwixt the Ile Loubes (so called of certaine fishes) and the continent. The eight they cast Anchor neere to Peyta.* 1.15 The ninth they set three hundred men on shore, which after a few skirmishes returned aboord, the Citie being too strongly defended. They tooke an Indian ship of strange sayles, with sixe lustie Indians which had beene two moneths a fishing, and had many delicate fishes dryed which they distributed thorow the Fleet. The tenth the Aeolus, Lucifer, and Huntsman batte∣red the Towne with their Ordnance, and sent a greater number of men on shore, which found the Citie forsaken and the people with their goods fled to the Mountaines. They sent fiue of their Indians on shore to get fruits and to learne more certaintie of the Spanish Admirall, which brought word of her buriall in the waues, only sixe escaping. The Indians also brought the Let∣ters [ 60] of Captaine Gaspar Caldron to Paula the Commendators Wife of Peyta, who had fled to the Towne of Saint Michael twelue leagues from shore. Shee sent the Hollanders in commiseration of the Captiues, many Citrons and Oranges with other prouision. This Woman both for Beau∣tie, Wisdome, and Vertue, is of singular reputation in all those parts.

Peyta to the Sea-ward is strong and impregnable. There were in it two Churches,* 1.16 one Mo∣nasterie and many goodly Buildings, an excellent Hauen to which all the ships of Panama re∣sorted, and then they passed by Land to Caliou de Lima, because of the perpetuall rage of both Elements, the Windes and Waters in that place. They tooke in the Isle Loubes, two foules of admirable greatnesse, in the beake, wings and talons not vnlike the Eagle, necked somewhat like a Sheepe, their heads combed as a Cocke: they were two elles in height, and three in breadth when their wings were displayed.

They learned of Pedro de Madriga of Lima, that Peru, Chili, and Terra firma,* 1.17 are comman∣ded by Iohn de Mendoza Marquesse Des Montes Claros, the Vice-Roy: which Office the King [ 10] conferreth for sixe or eight yeares with yeerely allowance of fortie thousand Duckets, adding further a thousand Pesos for extraordinary expenses in the Feast of Christmas, Epiphanie, S. Spi∣rito and Easter, each of twelue Rials and halfe, because at those times he is to entertaine all the Counsellers of the Audience: two thousand Pesos also yeerely when hee furnisheth the Siluer Fleete. The Vice-Roy is serued with great Pompe in his Palace, goeth not forth without his Guard or Pensioners, and if he goeth into the Countrey, hath a hundred Lances, (which haue eight hundred Pesos stipend) and fiftie Muskets (which haue foure hundred Pesos yeerely) atten∣ding. There are foure Courts or Audiences, in Panama, Quito, Charlas, Lima: one also in Chili. In them are the Kings Counsellers, to whom both Ciuill & Criminall Causes are committed; but with appellation in Ciuill Cases to the Oijdors, (certaine Commissioners) and in Criminall to the Alcalds. These all goe in one Habit, and are allowed three thousand Pesos annuall Pension.

[ 20] The Vice-Roy resideth in the Citie of Kings or Los Reyes, called also Lima,* 1.18 situate in a plea∣sant Valley, extended a mile and halfe in length, in breadth three quarters, hauing aboue a hun∣dred thousand Inhabitants, besides Merchants of other places. It hath foure Market places. There are two thousand Indian Artificers dwelling in the Cercado. Here resides the Archbishop Bar∣tholmew Lobo Guorero, which hath sixtie thousand Pesos of Reuenue. The chiefe Temple hath foure and twentie Prebends, one Archdeacon, besides Schoolemasters and other Priests. There are foure principall Pastors, to each of which are assigned fifteene thousand Pesos. Besides this Tem∣ple of Saint Iohn Euangelist are foure other, one of Saint Marcellus, with two Pastors and a thousand Pesos reuenue: the second of Saint Sebastian, the third of Saint Anne, with like sti∣pend; the fourth is an Hospitall of Orphans, with fiue hundred Pesos. Monasteries here are of [ 30] Saint Francis, of Saint Dominicke, and of Saint Augustine, and of our Ladie de las Meriedes,* 1.19 each of which hath two Cloysters of their owne Order, that of Saint Francis three, to wit, one of bare-foot Friers of our Ladie of Guadalupe. They haue there two Colledges of Iesuites which the Spaniards call Teatines, * 1.20 both there and in Europe. In each chiefe Monasterie are two hundred and fiftie Religious. There are fiue Monasteries of Nuns, called of the Incarnation, Conception, Trinitie, Saint Ioseph, and Saint Clare. Our Ladie also hath her Temple by the title of Monferrat, & del Prado & de Loretto. They haue foure Hospitals for the poore of Saint An∣drew, [ 40] in which are foure hundred sicke, of Saint Anna for the Indians, of Saint Peter for the Ecclesiasticks, of Charitie for women: another of Saint Spirito for Saylers, and one of Saint La∣zaro for inueterate diseases. There are sixe hundred Priests, and a thousand Students.

Allowance is giuen to twentie foure in the Kings Colledge by the King, to as many in Saint Torines by the Archbishop. There are further reported to be two hundred Doctors in the Vniuersitie of all faculties. The professors receiue of the King a thousand Pesos pension. The two professors of Ciuill Law, haue each sixe hundred Pesos.* 1.21 There are foure hundred Masters of Art. Euerie yeare they chuse a new Rector or Chancellor. In this Citie and the Suburbes are aboue twentie thousand slaues. There are seene more women then men. The Indians * 1.22 are free as well as the Spaniards, sauing that they pay euerie sixe moneths, two Pesos, a Henne, a Fenega [ 50] of eight Royalls, and a piece of cloth of cotten or wollen. They are bound to serue the King * 1.23 yearely in the Mines or Husbandrie diuers dayes, beginning in May, and continuing their times and courses til Nouember. Those of Arrica bring to Potosi, Beasts, Wheat, Meale, Mays, Axicoca, an hearb which they perpetually chew; they vse for carriages a certaine Camel-fashioned-sheep. By this Citie the Riuer runneth close to the walls, which by showers sometimes so swells, that it hath carried away the stone Bridge, of nine Arches. Here is the Kings Contractation house, and his Treasurie; the Court also of Inquisition, with two Inquisitors (each of which hath three thousand Pesos pension) and a prison peculiar. The two Notaries haue foure thousand Pesos a piece. Here is the Court, or office of the Crusada, or the Popes Bulls, with officers and like sti∣pends. [ 60] This Citie is two leagues from the Sea, hath eight bands of foot, and as many of horse in Garrison. The next Port is called Callao, in which are some eight hundred Inhabitants. From the Citie to Potossi are all Spanish merchandise conueyed. Potossi is called La Valla Im∣perial, comprehending a great mountaine in which are Siluer Mines. Into them is an horrible de∣scent of foure hundred steps, nor may the Sunne be admitted spectator of those Acts in perpetu∣tuall

night,* 1.24 which exercise aboue twenty thousand Indians in digging, and an hundred more in carrying, grinding, and other their mettall workes.

This place is so cold that nothing growes in foure leagues space, but an herbe called Ycho. Their prouision is all brought from Aricca: a pound of bread is there worth two Ryals. The hauen of Aricca is an hundred and eighty Spanish leagues from thence; but many Villages are well inhabited by the way. Not farre hence is Chuquisaca, the Bishop whereof hath 30000. Ducats revenew: there are the like Monasteries to those at Lima, but not so full of Monkes. At Potossi liue fifteen hundred shifting Card-players, and nimming companions which liue by their wits. Seuentie miles from thence is another Siluer Mine, called Eruco. Neerer Pima is Chocola Choca an other Mine, cold as Potossi, where dwell fiue thousand Spaniards. Cusco is like to Li∣ma, [ 10] hath sixe thousand Spanish inhabitants, a Bishop, and Monkes, and two Colledges, with some sixe hundred Students. Arequipa hath also a Bishop, two thousand Spaniards, and a Cori∣gidoor. But it were tedious to relate the full Story.

Of Chili▪ the Mother-City is S. Iago, where is a Gold Mine. Coquimbo hath store of brasse. Baldinia is rich in Gold.* 1.25 In the yeare 1599. the Inabitants or Natiues of the Countrey killed the Spanyards, and captiued their Wiues, eight hundred in number, which they offered to exchange, giuing for each, a paire of Shooes, a Bridle, a Sword, and a paire of Stirrops. But the King forbad Armour to be ca••ried to them. They powred molten Gold into the Gouernours mouth made a Cup of his skull, and made Pipes of his shank-bones, in memory of their victory. Auroca hath neere it a Fort with a Spanish garrison, but very poore. Of Conception is spoken before. It hath [ 20] fowre hundred souldiers to keepe it, with some Ordnance. But you haue listened too long to this Dutch Intelligence from the Spanish Captiue. Let vs now with our Hollanders to Sea: so did they the one and twentieth of August, but easily perceiued the next day, the strength of the Current to be such,* 1.26 that without a faire and stiffe gale, they preuailed nothing. On the twentie third, they anchored before Rio de Tumba, for the barre and tide forbad them entrance. They a∣greed to turne backe to the Isle Coques in fiue degrees Southerly, to refresh themselues. But stormes, raines, thunders, so haunted them to the thirteenth of September, that they could not finde the Island,* 1.27 and manifold diseases easily found them. On the twentieth they had sight of land in Noua Hispania: they had thirteene degrees, and thirty minutes. And the weather be∣came againe very tempestuous.* 1.28 October the first, after much sea-trouble, they had sight of plea∣sant [ 30] land, but the sea wrought so, that they could not haue safe landing, and so beat off and on, till the eleuenth, that they entred the hauen of Aquapolque, within shot of the Castle. And han∣ging out a f••agge of peace, two Spaniards came aboord, and they agreed to exchange Prisoners for Sheep, Fruits, and Prouision, which was accordingly performed. On the fifteenth, Melchi∣or Hernardo came aboord, to take view of the fleete, which had vanquished the Kings. He was Nephew to the Vice-Roy of New Spaine, and was kindly entertained of the Admirall, his men well appointed in their Armes. The Castle had seuentie Brasse Pieces, hauing intelligence eight moneths before of their comming. On the eighteenth they departed. The Calme kept them from doing any thing of moment, saue that they tooke a shippe which was bound for Pearle-fish∣ing, and in her eleuen men, two of them Friars, twelue others escaping before by flight. They [ 40] manned it with two and twenty D••tch to followe the Fleet.

* 1.29Nouember the tenth, they cast anchor before the Port Selagues in nineteene degrees▪ Vnder∣standing by the Prisoners of a Riuer neere this place full of fish, and set with Citrons, and other Fruits, and Meadowes not farre off full of Cattell▪ they sent out their Boates, which espying shoo-prints, were afraid of Spaniards, and returned. After a hot skirmish, on the eleuenth they departed, and came to Port Natiuidad▪ where they watered and furnished themselues with other necessaries. On the twentieth they departed. On the twentie sixth, they had twenty degrees and twentie sixe minutes. They determined the next way to the Ladrones. On December the third,* 1.30 not without great maruell, they beheld two Islands farre in the Sea. On the fourth, they saw a Rocke, and had thought it a Shippe which they expected. It was in nineteene degrees, [ 50] fiftie three leagues from the Continent. In the sixt, they had sight of a newe Island with fiue hills seeming as so many Islands.

Anno 1616. in Ianuary many died of diseases. On the three and twentieth the Ladrones appeared.* 1.31 The Land was low, and therefore kept aloofe that night. The next day the Sauages came about them with their Boates, and they went on land. On the fiue and twentieth, Sibrand Cornelison, a Marchant, was taken with a sudden giddinesse at dinner, and presently died: at his buriall the Ordnance and Shot so dismayed the Indians which brought them prouision▪ that they durst come no more. They set sayle the twenty sixth for the Maniles. They perceiued these La∣drones to be witty, strong, and to obserue some kind of Idolatrie. There is store of Fowle and fish. [ 60]

On February the ninth, they had sight of Cape Spirito Santo, and the same night anchored at the Maniles.* 1.32 In the tenth they had speech with the Indians, which refused all trade, because (they said) they came to warre with the Spaniard. They did not so in Capul, whither they came on the eleuenth, but brought them Hogges and Hennes with other things for trifles. They stay∣ed

till the nineteenth, and then by the helpe of two Indian Pilots, passed the Straights to the Manilian Port or Bay. The fruits much releeued and recouered the sicke. The people weare long garments like shirts, haue Friars in such reuerence, that to one of our Prisoners they pro∣strated themselues, and kissed his hands with incredible honour. On the nineteenth, they an∣chored before the Isle Lucon, the greatest of them in which is the City Manilla. Here they saw an house artificially framed on the tops of diuers trees, and seemed farre off as a Palace Finding no people, they proceeded. On the eight and twentieth, they saw as they passed an exceeding high hill vomiting flames, named Albaca. On the foure and twentieth they had sight of the other strait in the egresse, and sent their Boats to found the way. The calme kept them prisoners [ 10] that they could not passe. On the twenty eighth, they anchored before the Isle Mirabelles, whose two Rockes seeme to threaten the skie, behind which is the city Manilla. Here they per∣petually watch the comming of Ships, from China, to Pilote them to the City, the way beeing dangerous. Neither could the Hollanders make this strait, to passe through it all the time of their staying with all their labour, hindred by Calmes.

On March the first, they saw two sayles, and sent out their Boats to take them,* 1.33 but they were too swift. On the the third they tooke one laden with prouision of Rice, Oyle, Hens, Fruits, and on the fifth two more, with a Spaniard in them with like prouision, and after that three others. These were going to gather in the Tribute, which the places adioyning pay to the City Manil∣la. Here they had intelligence of a Fleet of tenne great Ships, built here, and sent forth vnder the Command of Iohn de Silues to the Moluccas, to fight with the Hollanders; together with [ 20] foure Gallies, and two other Ships; in them two thousand Spaniards, besides Chineses, Iapan∣ders, and Indians. Their purpose was to reduce all the Moluccas vnder the Spaniard. Where∣upon they freed all their Prisoners, except one Spaniard and an Indian, and hasted after them. On the eleuenth, they encountred so many Islands that they doubted of ••gresse, and by the Spa∣nish Marriners aduise, anchored all night: and by his helpe next day recouered the wide Sea. On the foureteenth, they rode at Anchor all night before the Isle Paney by reason of sholds.* 1.34 On the eighteenth, they sayled close by Mendanao, but hearing of dangerous shelues, they in the Eue∣ning set further off into the Sea. On the nineteenth, they sayled againe close to the shore, and had prouision of the Islanders very cheape. On the twentieth, they reached Cape de Cadera, where the Spaniards as they passe to the Moluccas, vse to take in water. Till the three and [ 30] twentieth, the calme permitted no further saile then the tide forced▪ betwixt Mendanao and Tagimo, a contrary tide stayed them. These Islanders shewed themselues enemies to the Spany∣ards, and offered fiftie of their ships in aide. On the twenty seuenth, they passed the Isle San∣guin, and many others. On the twentie ninth, they came to Ternata, in which is Maleia a Towne subiect to the Hollanders, where of their Countrey-men they were gladly entertained. These at Maleia reckoned this the eight and twentieth of March, which we reckoned the nine and twentieth, so that with following the Sunne in his course, they had one day lesse.

The Straight of Bouton is full of sholds: without them is deepe water. On the East is fresh wa∣ter. To the West two leagues is a rockie shold.

Aprill the eighth, Cornelius de Vianen went for Banda.* 1.35 The Gouernour shewed his Charter [ 40] for the Moluccas, Banda, and Amboina, without preiudice to the Admiralls authoritie. And the souldiers went on land after so long a Nauigation.

May the second, they sent sixe ships for Macian, that the enemie should not haue any Cloues,* 1.36 and there anchored before Maurice Fort. The English here told them of the taking of Coteway by the Dutch on the tenth of Aprill, rich in Nutmegs. And the Indians mooued with this suc∣cesse, made a new league with the Hollanders. On the eighteenth, they exchanged Prisoners, Spaniards for Dutch. The rest of this moneth, and Iune and Iuly following, they spent the time in these parts as occasion was offered, not so necessary to our purpose.

September the fifteenth, they came to Iocatra, and repaired there their Ships,* 1.37 not without feare of Iohn de Silues with his Spanish Fleete. But on the thirtieth, wee heard of his sudden [ 50] death at Malacca as was thought by poison, and the returne of the Armada to the Maniles, ••••th great shame to the Spaniard after foure yeares preparation, doing little or nothing. Whiles they were at Iacatra foure ships of huge burthen came out of Holland, with exceeding store of Spanish Ryalls, and an other out of Iapon laden with Spanish Ryals, and Siluer vnwrought▪ with Brasse, Yron, and other Commodities, the most of which they had taken from a Portugall shippe bound for Marico.

October the twentieth, the Concord a shippe of Horne which had departed out of Holland,* 1.38 Iune, 1615. came to Iacatra (of which you shall haue a peculiar Relation) and because it was not of the Companie of the Indies, it was by the Generall annexed to the Fleet, the men beeing di∣stributed [ 60] into other Ships.

Nouember the tenth came the Nassau to Ba••tam from Mocha in the red Sea,* 1.39 well prouided thence of Spanish Ryals, and Turkish Ducats. December the twelfth came thither the Amster∣dam, and the Middleborough from the straits of Malla••ca, the one of seuen hundred, the other of sixe hundred tunnes, in which the Admirall Spilberg prepared for returne. On the seuen∣teenth

of Ianuary, 1617. they came to the Isle Mauritius. The thirtieth of March to Saint He∣lena,* 1.40 where they found the Middleburgh, which they had not seene in three moneths. Hence they departed the seuenth of Aprill, and came into Zeland in Iuly following.

A discourse of the present state of the Moluccos, annexed to the former Iournall, extracted out of APOLLONIVS SCHOT of Middleborough.

THe Portugalls hauing, to the griefe of the Venetians, and their owne inriching, made them∣selues Masters of almost all the trade of Spicerie, by their possession of the Moluccas: their grew some distasts, first, betwixt them and the Spaniards (as in Magellanes voyage is expres∣sed.) After the English, by the conduct of Sir Francis Drake, and since in their East Indian trade [ 10] haue had traffique there. Lastly, the Hollanders haue dispossessed the Portugalls: and the Spaniards or Castilians, by meanes of the Tidorians haue their fortified. The King of Ternate being taken with some chiefe men, the rest fled, and by Mateliefe his ayd were reduced, and there erected the Fort Orange,* 1.41 and entred league with the Hollanders, and so wrought that Motir, Machian and Bachian yeelded to the Dutch, the Spaniards holding Tidor, and the chiefe Citie of Ternate, and some places in Gilolo, as shall after follow more particularly.

* 1.42In the Isle of Ternate, the Dutch haue three Forts, Maleia otherwise Grania, the seat of the King and Nobilitie, taken by Matelief: Molucco, which they call Holland distant from Maleia halfe a mile North-wards, seated on a Hill, and built with lime and stone for the safetie of the [ 20] Hauen of Maleia: Tacome, called also Willemstat, in the North-west Coast of Ternate, commo∣dious for the places betwixt Malacca and Tacome.

The Isle Motir, was by the warres of Ternate and Tidore for a time desolate, till Admirall Wit∣tert, by intreatie of the Ternateis erected a Fort in the North part thereof, and brought thither a Colonie of the Inhabitants out of Gilolo, whither they had fled. The Spaniards had thought to haue brought those Motirians thither, which had fled to Tidore. The Inhabitants are aboue two thousand. Admirall Van Caerden tooke Machian, and raised therein three Forts, Tafason to the West,* 1.43 Noffaguia to the North, and Tabelole East-ward, all which places are populous. This Island numbreth about nine thousand.* 1.44 From Cayoe a neighbour Island, for feare they remooued to Ta∣belole. It is the most fertile of all the Moluccas, and nourisheth with her fruits Ternate and Ti∣dore, which are so addicted to warre, that they neglect culture of their grounds. Bachian is a [ 30] great Kingdome and fruitfull,* 1.45 but not populous. The Inhabitants are idle and voluptuous, and haue brought vpon themselues the present miserie. In Lahoua the Spaniards had a Fort, and there are yet some seuenteene Portugalls,* 1.46 and eightie Families of the Natiues become Christi∣ans. The Vice-Admirall 1600. tooke and fortified it with a strong Garrison. In the Continent they haue Guammequorre, to whom the Sabougians haue added themselues, forsaking the Spa∣niard.* 1.47 In it is a Garrison of thirtie Souldiers. The Natiues calling the Dutch to their ayd were franke in promises, as the Dutch also to them, further then either partie doth, or well can per∣forme, being too grieuous; as that the Dutch should haue all the customes of the Natiues and For∣reiners, should be free from all paiments: yea they now deny such composition, & are alienated from the Dutch for not keeping word with them. The people are persidious, ambitious, incon∣stant, [ 40] hardned in the insolencies and mischiefes which alwayes attend warres. The Kings in time past had absolute rule, now are contemned; vpon occasion the people seeking new patro∣nage.* 1.48 The Spaniards by bountie and liberalitie wonne their hearts, and made them auerse to the Hollander. These haue the chiefe Citie in Ternate, and call it now Our Lady of the Rosarie, strong, and fortified with all munition from the Moluccas. Heere are two hundred Spaniards, ninetie Papoos (Inhabitants of the Philippinas) besides thirtie Portugall housholders, eightie Chineses, sixtie Moluccans, with their Families. Betwixt this and Maleia, they haue a Fort called Saint Peter and Saint Paul,* 1.49 strongly seated on a Hill, with sixe and twentie Spaniards, twentie Papoos and some Manilians.

Tidore they haue wholly, and therein three Forts, one in the chiefe Citie where the King [ 50] resides,* 1.50 called Taroula, in which are ordinarily fiftie Spaniards, tenne Papoos, eight Natiues, with fiue brasse Pieces very large. The second hath thirteene Spaniards, besides the Na∣tiues, and two Pieces. The third called Marico, within sight of Our Lady Citie, is a Towne well inhabited, walled, and hath a Garrison like the former. The Island scarcely yeelds a thousand armed men.

In Gilolo (which comparatiuely to those Moluccas seemes a Continent, as our Bri∣taine to the Hebrides) the Spaniards haue, first Sabongo, which Iohn de Silua tooke from the Dutch, 1611. against the truce (as they say) and fortified strongly, imposing a Garrison of six∣tie Spaniards, and fortie Papoos: secondly, Pilolo craftily taken from the Dutch also, and well prouided with sixtie Spaniards, and some Manilians. The third, at the West side of Gilolo ouer [ 60] against Machian, called Aquilamo, with few Spaniards, and fortie Tidorians. To the Moren or Easterne Coast of Gilolo they haue three other Iolo, Isiau and Iaffongo, with them fortie fiue Spaniards, with the Natiues. They haue a Gally or two at Sea besides, some Lari (a kind of

smaller Gally) and are alwayes well prouided of Armes, often destitute of victualls, which cau∣seth diuers of them to flie away. Halfe the Cloues belong to the King, and the marchandise of them is in the Portugalls hands. The Kings costs for sixe yeeres were very great, with little pro∣fit. Ieronimo de Sylua, is now Commander in those parts, an old warie Souldier, with other officers vnder him.

A briefe description of the Forts, Souldiers, and Militarie prouision, as also of their Trade and Shipping in the East Indies, vnder the seruice of the Generall States of the vnited Prouinces, and his Excellencie, as it was in Iuly 1616. [ 10] extracted out of the Author of the Iournall.

IN the Isle of Ternate, at Maleia are these Captaines; Captaine Fridericke Hamel, William Ertueli, Peter Barker, Rowland Philips, Goswine a Mammerent, with their seuerall bands,* 1.51 each of ninetie, or a hundred men, the Citie walled and strongly fortified. Tabucke is a Fort neere, kept by the Inhabitants, as Tacome and Tabou, two others in Gilolo. In Tidore is the Fort Ma∣rico, vnder Captaine William ab Amsing, very strong. In Motir, Captaine Henry Maier hath an able Garrison and Fortresse. Macian is gouerned by Gilbert Vianen, and hath three Forts as before. Bartholmen Spilbergen is chiefe in Bacian, where is the Fort Barne-velt built of stone, and well furnished with armes and men.

[ 20] In Amboina is a royall Fort or Castle, commanded by Henry Steur, with one hundred and fiftie Souldiers: besides other Fortresses, as Conbellam, Hitton, and Low;* 1.52 This last is kept by the Ternatois. Adrian Blockhousen is Gouernour of the Island. In Banda are two Forts, Nassau, with a Garrison of an hundred and twentie Hollanders besides a very great number of Iapan∣ders, Chineses and others; and the Belgike, furnished as well.* 1.53 Captaine Henry Beuerlincke com∣mands both. In the Island Poleway, they haue the Reuenge,* 1.54 with an hundred sixtie Souldiers vn∣der two Captaines, Dussen, and Verhoeren.

In the Coast of Coromandel, in Palataque, is a strong and goodly Castle,* 1.55 with a Garrison of an hundred and twentie Souldiers: the Cities Negapatan, and Massepatan, shew them great fa∣uour. Iohn de Hase a Counsellor of the Indies, is Commander in these parts. In Iaua the grea∣ter, [ 30] at Iacatra a dayes iourney from Bantam, is built a Magnificent store-house or Arsenale,* 1.56 for Artificers, and prouision for the warre, and for the Nauie, furnished therefore with brasse Ord∣nance. In all these are Souldiers three thousand; Brasse Peeces, an hundred ninetie three, of Iron Ordnance three hundred and twentie, of Stone three hundred.

Places forsaken vpon better consideration, are Gemmalanor, a Fort in the Isle of Boutton;* 1.57 an∣other in Salor and Timor; a Magazine, or Store-house in Gresei and Achin, and Macassar in Se∣libes. The King of Ior is their great friend, but admits no Fort. They haue their most profitable trade at Iambi, in one of the Islands of Sumatra, at the straight of Malacca. In Fieos, Priaman,* 1.58 and Silbe, on the West of Sumatra they haue trading. In Borneo they trade for Diamants, and Bezoar stones. In Iapon, Iames Spex hath erected a great store-house. At Bantam is their chiefe Factorie, where all Shippes are laden vnder the command of Sir Iohn Peters Coenen Generall [ 40] president of the Indies, which heere keepes an exact register and accounts of all the Indian affa••••es.

Their shipping in Iuly, 1616. was as followeth; In the Moluccas, The Old Sun, the Old Moone, the New Sun, the New Moone, the Flushing, the Angel of Delph, the Hope, the Lucifer, and the Larus. In Iapatra, the Holland. At Bantam, the Faith, the Nassau, the Horne, the Larus of Ia∣pon, the Blacke Lion. In Timor and S••lor, the Eagle, and the Starre. In Achin, the Falcon and the Huntsman. In Coromandel, the Neptune, the Golden Lion. At Iambi, the Bargen Boat, the Halfe Moone. The Concord, and Little Holland, were sent to the Isle Ingane, to receiue those which had beene shipwracked in the Aeolus. At Iacatra, the Enchusen. At Bantam were [ 50] also the New Horne, the Amsterdam, the Middleborough. The Tergoes expected from Coroman∣del. The Blacke Beare lately departed, and the Amsterdam, and the New Zeland. Then at Sea towards the Indies, the Concord of Amsterdam, and the Aeolus of Zeland. They haue more∣ouer in Banda two small Gallies, and in Iacatra, and Bantam many smaller Sayle.

[ 60]

Notes

• * 1.1

  Braue and Fogo.
• * 1.2

  Abrolbos dan∣gerous sands.
• * 1.3

  Magel••ne strait.
• * 1.4

  Sholds in the straits.
• * 1.5

  A Giant.
• * 1.6

  May.
• * 1.7

  Iune.
• * 1.8

  Conception I∣sland in 36. de∣grees, 40. min.
• * 1.9

  Iuly.
• * 1.10

  The Fleet Roy∣all of Peru.
• * 1.11

  Sir Richard Hawkins, in which fight he was a Cap∣taine but not Generall.
• * 1.12

  A Sea fight by night.
• * 1.13

  The Admirall and Vice-Ad∣mirall of the Spaniards both sunke.
• * 1.14

  August.
• * 1.15

  It consisted of many Timbers fastened strangely toge∣ther, as in the Picture of the Latine Booke is seene.
• * 1.16

  Peyta.
• * 1.17

  Relations of the Gouern∣ment of Peru, and of the Ci∣tie of Kings, or Lima.
• * 1.18

  See M. Ellis Narration hereof in the Tractate pro∣per to America
• * 1.19

  Foure Mona∣steries.
• * 1.20

  Iesuites called Teatines: of which name a merry Wit in Spaine, earnestly iested in an Embleme or Picture, in which was pain∣ted a Purse full of Money, and one of euery Order pictured in his Habit reaching but short, and his Motto according, Yo no te atino, the Iesuite laying fast hold on it, saying, Yo te atino, the words bearing a double sense, I am a Teatine, or, I attayne thee the Conceit almost lost in the Translation. This was related to mee by a Spaniard.
• * 1.21

  M. Ellis saith they are Ne∣gros.
• * 1.22

  This seemes spoken of Ci∣tizens.
• * 1.23

  These the Ca∣ciques bring in by course, some at one time, and some at another. Ellis.

  Linchoten saith, this publicati∣on of the Popes Indul∣gences is worth to the King of Spaine yeerely▪ 1470 ••58. pounds.
• * 1.24

  〈1 paragraph〉〈1 paragraph〉
• * 1.25

  Chili.
• * 1.26

  A Current.
• * 1.27

  September.
• * 1.28

  October.
• * 1.29

  Nouember.
• * 1.30

  December. New Islands. A dangerous Rocke.
• * 1.31

  Ianuary. 1616.
• * 1.32

  February.
• * 1.33

  Mar••h.
• * 1.34

  Paney. Mendanao.
• * 1.35

  Aprill.
• * 1.36

  May.
• * 1.37

  September.
• * 1.38

  October.
• * 1.39

  Nouember.
• * 1.40

  Ianuary 1617·
• * 1.41

  Orange in Ter∣nate.
• * 1.42

  Maleia or Gra∣nia.

  Molucco or Hollandia. Tacome or Willems••at. Motir.
• * 1.43

  Machian with three Forts.
• * 1.44

  Cayoe.
• * 1.45

  Bachian.
• * 1.46

  Lahoua.
• * 1.47

  Guammequorre in Gilolo which is a great Island before which lye the smaller Islands of the Moluc∣cas.
• * 1.48

  Spaniards in Moluccas. Nuestra Sen̄ora del Rosario.
• * 1.49

  S.S. Pedro & Paulo.
• * 1.50

  Tidore. Taroula.
• * 1.51

  Molucca••.
• * 1.52

  Amboina▪
• * 1.53

  Banda.
• * 1.54

  Poleway.
• * 1.55

  Palataque.
• * 1.56

  Iaua.
• * 1.57

  Forts giuen ouer.
• * 1.58

  Places of trade and factories.