Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church. [vol. 2, part 2] with an vniuersall history of the same, wherein is set forth at large the whole race and course of the Church, from the primitiue age to these latter tymes of ours, with the bloudy times, horrible troubles, and great persecutions agaynst the true martyrs of Christ, sought and wrought as well by heathen emperours, as nowe lately practised by Romish prelates, especially in this realme of England and Scotland. Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published and recommended to the studious reader, by the author (through the helpe of Christ our Lord) Iohn Foxe, which desireth thee good reader to helpe him with thy prayer.

Maister Stokes Oration to Queene Maryes Visitors at Cambridge, An. 1557. Ian. 11.

* 1.1ACademia, Reuerendi Patres, in expectatione aduentus ve∣stri sollicita aliquandiu fuit, nunc praesentia dominationum vestrarum valde recreata libentissime vultus vestros intuetur, & ad apertam voluntatis suae testificationem, ecce vniuersa se suas∣que opes effudit. Conuenit in hunc locum tota Cantabrigiae fre∣quentia, adsunt omnes ordines, de quorum certa mihi & explo∣rata ad hanc rem voluntate, illud publica fide apud dominatio∣nes vestras affirmo, eos & separatim singulos, & coniunctim om∣nes optatissimum hunc aduentum mirificis studijs, & consenti∣entibus animis gratulari. Illud enim omnium animis habemus persuasum, & negotium hoc quod hodierno die, fauente Deo, excellentia vestra auspicatur, ad academiae rationes fore accom∣modum, neque in re, ad communem salutem tam necessaria, o∣peram aliquando vestram nobis defuturam. Permulta sunt ad hanc opinionem confirmandam, sed caetera non persequor: ea tantum oratione attingam, quae ita intimè cum praesenti nego∣tio cohaerent, vt diuelli ab eo disiungique nulla ratione possint. Atque sunt illa quidem numero certa & finita: verum re & vir∣tute, ita immensa, vt nulla dicendi facultate mea plene compre∣hendi possent: q́uoniam tamen & antea sum professus summam esse academiae laetitiam, eamque iustis de causis in aduentu ve∣stro susceptam, quaeso à vobis, vt dum eas breuiter recenseo fa∣ciles mihi aures praebeatis.

Reuerendiss. in Christo Pater Cardinalis Polus, Legatus, qui religionem oppressam restituit,* 1.2 patriae ruinas suffulsit, leges & decreta quasi postliminio reduxit, iste inquàm, iste Polus An∣glus, & verè noster Moyses, legationis vestrae autor est, à cuius excellenti virtute in omnes suae patriae partes plurima commo∣da dimanarunt. Quo vinculo necessitudinis, & si omnibus tem∣poribus optima ab illo sperare liceret, quòd ex corpore simus ipsius reipublicae, arctior est tamen & interior causa, quae nobis cum dominatione illius separatim intercedit. Superiore anno academiae procurationem in se humanissimè recepit, quam li∣berari custodia ita coeptam tenere se velle, literis significauit, vt non solum incommoda dimoueret, quibus studia nostra afflige∣rentur, sed vt ornamenta adijceret ea, quorum splendore augeri dignitas academiae aut maximè illustra••i posset. Quae res & spem antea nostram confirmauit, & nunc in eam cogitationem nos adducit, vt omnem illius humanitatem in hanc vnam visitatio∣nem esse collectam putemus, in qua quidem ea a vobis expecta∣mus omnia, quae summi cancellarij nostri insignis amor prae∣ter communem charitatem academiae, quasi pupillae suae propriae pollicetur. Atque vtinam quidem ipse sine reipublicae detrimē∣to, hoc tempore adesse posset, & academiam suam è tenebris & profunda nocte emersam, ipse suis radijs verae religionis splen∣dore illustraret, verum optioni nostrae publica vtilitas repugnat, qua valde impeditus sanctissimae sedis Apostolicae legatus, vos Vicarios substituit: quorum naturas propter prouidentiam, per∣sonas propter dignitatem, voluntates propter educationem ap∣tissimas ad hanc rem esse iudicauit. Ita que illud verè & ex ani∣mis istorum omnium affirmare possum, vos eos esse viros quo∣rum religionem amamus, virtutem colimus, voluntatem, fidem, & consilium ad publicam salutem impendimus. Post quam enim singulari & praestantissima virtute Cardinalis Poli, legati è su∣periorum temporum caligine, & tenebris, lucem in republica re∣spicere coepimus, vna certè grauissima etiam superioris aetatis mala sensimus, quibus profecto infinitis & miserrimis etsi antea premeremur, tamen ad calamitatis nostrae magnitudinem acces∣sit eiusdem ignoratio, vt (mea quidem opinione) eo simus ma∣gis miserabiles iudicandi, quòd tam turbulenta tempestate ia∣ctati ne moueri quidem nos, tam graui & periculoso haeresis mor∣bo oppressi, aut aegrotare mentes nostras, non intelleximus. Val∣de enim periculosa est aegrotatio illa, quaecunque sine doloris sensu naturam conficit, & affectos saepe priùs extinguit, quam aegrotare se fateantur. Eiusmodi morbo Academia laborabat, quae ad alias fortasse res satis ingeniosa & solers, in hac Religio∣nis causa, propter caput Ecclesiae laesum, vnde omnis sentiendi vis est, omnino hebes, stupida, & sine mente fuit, quoad tertio ante hunc anno diuina sanctissimi patris Iulij Clementia Angliae ferè emortuae miserata, iterum nos Ecclesiae inserit, corpus sen∣susque recreat, cuius ope conualescens Britannia, quam certa gehennae pericula effugerit, quiuis facile intelligit. Idem Aca∣demia cernit acutius, ne{que} quicquàm mali vspiam accidisse pu∣tat, quo nostra Regio in hac religionis vastitate & schismate mi∣serius fuerit afflicta. Non est opus recensere in hoc loco euersa Monasteria, spoliata Templa, strages sacerdotum, caedes nobili∣um, motus & tumultus populi, totius Regni egestatem, quae & si aliunde accidere possunt, tamen cum tam grauia sint vt oppri∣mant, vltionis & vindictae potius quam probandi causa in malos & nocentes infligi putamus. Sed sunt ista fortunae ludibria, gra∣uiora sumus passi religionis & conscientiae detrimenta: pietas in Deum omnis euanuerat, virginalis sacerdotum professio ad libidinem soluta est, animus quasi consopitus iacebat, quem nullae Ceremoniae excitabant, ipsa mens opinionum varieta∣te ita distracta, ita sibi ipsi dissentiens, vt infinitis erroribus implicaretur. In his erant duo praecipue fontes, ex quorum riuu∣lis & hausisse Academiam paulo liberalius, & illa potione ferme inebriatam confi••emur.

Prior ortum habebat ex illa nostri violenta diuulsione, à ca∣tholicae Ecclesiae vnitate, re non dissimili illius pugnae, quam o∣lim Menenius Agrippa in intestina ciuium discordia, de corpo∣re humano memorabat. Posterior ex immensa palude & coeno Wicleuiano emanauit: quem celebris apud nos imo miserabilis de Sacramento altaris patefecit. De cuius rei veritate plerique suo sensu abundantes, pro arbitrio quisque suo statuerat. Nos Philosophos, nec illos quidem optimos, imitati ex Epicureorū schola ad scripturae lumen aliquid attulimus, quòd enim Chri∣stus omnino, praecise, & sine exceptione, de vera & perpetua sui corporis praesentia affirmarat (in cuius verbi veritate fundamen∣tum fidei nostrae collocatur) id nos ita sumus interpretati, vt mā∣cam & alienam Christi vocem iudicaremus, nisi illa Epicuri propria particula (quasi) adderetur, & quod Christiani corpus & sanguinem, id nos quasi corpus & sanguinem diceremus. Sed non est istius temporis praeterita nimium meminisse, quae vti∣nam eterna obliuione obrui possent, neque vlla tantae labis me∣moria ad posteros nostros propagetur, tamen fuerunt attingen∣da generatim quidem, quòd erranti confessio salutaris sit, mem∣bratim verò, quod Academia his vulneribus á Censoria pote∣state confecta, à Censoria medicina ad salutem reduci postulat. Ipsa vero pro se & suis spondet omnes in authoritate vestra futu∣ros, quos assiduis concionibus adeo ad poenitentiam edocuit, vt & eos ad sanam religionem fidissime transijsse, & in eadem dili∣genti praesentis vitae vsu superioris aetatis damna sarcituros pu∣tetis. Nam qui primi in hoc cursu sunt acerrime contendunt in eo, quod tam voluntarie susceperunt & qui pigrius egressi, quasi pomeridianis horis ad hoc certamen accesserunt, ea certè prae∣bent iam immutatae voluntatis indicia, vt quomodo temerè & iuueniliter à sana religione defecerunt, ita non nisi maturi &

cum iudicio ab haeresi desciuisse videantur. Vniuersis vero si∣mul restituta & desiderata religio magis placere videtur, quia si assiduè praecepta, neque ad tempus obscurata fuisset.

Quapropter Academia supplex & prostrata primùm à Deo immortali pacem & veniam petit precaturque ab eo, vt hodier∣num diem ad suorum salutem conseruandam, & rempublicam hanc constituendam illuxisse patiatur. Deinde pro se, pro suis, pro vniuersis, pro singulis, hanc petitionem ad celsitudines ve∣stras affert, vt superiorum temporum offensas ex errore & iusti∣tia profectas praesenti hominum industriae condonetis. De reli∣quis vero pro summa prudentia vestra, & singulari in nos amore eam sentētiam feratis, vt su••rum causas vel iustitia vestra bonas inue••at, vel clementia bonas esse faciat. In vtroque parerit be∣neficium, si••e Academiam pro causarum aequitate iudicaueritis, si••e pro amoris vestri abundantia innocentem eam esse volue∣ritis Nos pro referenda gratia, summam in sacris modestiam, as∣siduam in literis operam, perpetuum verae religionis amorem, sempiternam vestri beneficij memoriam repromittimus.

* 1.3When he had made an ende of speaking, the Byshop of Chester answeared thereunto, that they tooke in ryghte good part, that the mother the Uniuersitie had made so o∣pen a declaration of her good will towardes them: for the whych he gaue most hearty thanckes, desiring her to per∣fourme in deede and in her woorkes, the thyngs that shee had so largely promised of her selfe in woordes and com∣munication.

AS concerning their good willes, there was no cause to mistrust. For theyr comming thether was not to deale any thyng roughly wyth such as fell to the amendement: but both the Cardinall hymselfe, and they also, were fully minded to shew fauour, deuising howe to bring al thyngs to peace and tranquillitie, desiring nothing more earnest∣ly, then that they which haue erred & gone astray, shoulde retourne in the right pathe againe. The right reuerende father the Lord Cardinall (whom he wished to haue bene present) wished the self same thing also, desiring nothyng so much as he with hys owne hands to sustaine and hold vp nowe ready to fall, or rather to raise vp already fallen to the ground, the Uniuersitie hys ward: for he gladly ta∣keth vpon him the name and duety of her Garden, whom it greatly grieued that the infections of the times past had spreade abroade so grieuous diseases, that euen the Uni∣uersitie it self was touched with the contagious aire ther∣of. For he woulde gladlier haue come thither to visite and salute it, then to correcte it, if the waightye affayres of the realme would haue permitted it. But now seing he could not so do,* 1.4 he had appoynted thys Commission, in y^e which he had assigned them to be his deputies, which (for because they knew him to set much store by the vniuersity) should extend the more fauor to it, and (for because they thēselues had bene there brought vppe) woulde the more earnestly embrace it. The chiefe matter that they came for, tended to this ende y^t such as had erred should confesse their faults,* 1.5 and retourne into the right way againe. For they were in good forwardnesse of healing, that acknowledged them∣selues to haue offended. And therefore it was wisely pro∣pounded on hys part that he would not altogether excuse the faultes of the Uniuersitie, nor of other men, but con∣fesse and acknowledge the crime, as that there were many thyngs had neede to be corrected and amended.

The cause why they were sent thither was to raise vp them that were fallen, and to receiue into fauour suche as were sory and would amend, wherin if (contrary to theyr expectation) they shoulde not be able to do so much wyth some men as they would: yet notwithstanding according to their duety, they wold shew themselues so dilygent for theyr parte, as that no lacke myghte be founde in them. For it was more openlye knowne than that it coulde be denied, that manye men did diuers thyngs of a frowarde wilfulnesse, and take stoutlye vppon them, wherewith as they were greatly mooued and agrieued (as reason was) so they coueted to remedy the mischiefe. Against whom, if any thing shuld seeme hereafter to be straitly determined, it was to be imputed to theyr own deserts, and not to the willes of them. Neither ought such as are whole & sound to be mooued at the chastisement of others, forasmuch as it pertained not onely to the wiping out of the foule blotte, which now sticked in the vniuersitie, but also to the health of many others whych had taken much hurt by the infec∣tion of them.* 1.6 For their owne partes, they more enclyned vnto mercy then to rigour. Howbeit considering that so greate diseases coulde not by gentle medicines be healed, they were driuen of necessitie to vse stronger. And yet if they would be contented to bee broughte againe to theyr ryght mindes, whych thing they chiefly coueted (for they wished that all shoulde amende and be led by wholesome counsel) & would yet at length waxe wery of their errors, and in stead of them frequent againe the ancient customes of themselues, & of theyr forefathers, they myghte boldlye looke for all kinde of humanitie and gentlenesse at theyr hands, in al this theyr busines of reformation, which they had now entred and begon, requesting no more of the U∣niuersity but to doe as became them: which being perfor∣med, he promised that theyr beneuolence, neyther in anye publike nor in any priuate personnes case shoulde in any wise be behinde hand.

These things being finished,* 1.7 they were broughte pro∣cessionaliter to the kinge colledge, by all the Graduates of the vniuersity, wheras was song a masse of y^e holy ghoste with great solemnitie, nothing wanting in that behalfe y^t might make to the setting forthe of the same. In this place it was marked that Nich. Ormanet, commōly surnamed Datary (who albeit he wer inferior in estate vnto Chester being a Bish. yet was superior to them all in authoritye) while the Masse was a celebrating, eft standing, eft sitting and sometime kneling on his knees, obserued certaine ce∣remonies, which afterward were required of al others to be obserued, as in processe hereof was to be seene.

From thence they attended all vpon the Legates to s. Maries church, which we declared before to haue ben in∣terdited. In the which place,* 1.8 for as much as it was suspē∣ded, although no masse might be song, yet ther was a ser∣mon made in open audience by M. Pecocke in the Latine tounge, preaching against heresies and hereticks, as Bil∣ney, Cranmer, Latimer, Ridley. &c. The which being en∣ded, they proceeded eftsoones to the visitation. Where first D. Haruye did in the Cardinals name exhibite the cōmis∣sion to the bishop of Chester with a few words in Latin. Which being accepted, and by M. Clarke openly redde to the end, then the Uicechancellor wyth an Oration did ex∣hibite the certificate vnder his seal of office,* 1.9 with the Car∣dinals citation annexed, conteining euery mans name in the Uniuersitie and Colledges, with the Officers and all the maisters of houses. Among whom was also Roberte Brassey maister of the kings colledge, a woorthy old man, both for his wisedom and his hoare haires. Who hearing hys owne name recited next after the Uicechauncellours, sayd: he was there present as all the other were: neuerthe∣lesse, for as much as y^e reformation of his house was who∣ly reserued to the discretion of the byshop of Lincolne, not only by the kings letters Patents,* 1.10 but also by graunte of confirmation from the bishop of Rome him selfe, vnder a penaltie if he should suffer any strangers to entermeddle, he openly protested in discharge of hys duety, that vnlesse theyr Commission gaue them authoritye and iurisdiction vppon that Colledge, either by expresse woordes or mani∣fest sense, he vtterly exempted himselfe from being present. This his exception they tooke all in great displeasure: al∣leaging that they were fullye authorysed for the order of that matter by the Cardinall, out of whose iurisdiction no place nor persons was exempted: wherefore he had done euil to call into question theyr authoritie,* 1.11 so well knowen to all men. Chester seemed to be more mooued at the mat∣ter then all the other: and that was because Brassey had a litle before obtained the woorship of that roume, eue•• vt∣terly against his wil, and maugre his head, doing y^e worst he coulde against him.

After the formal solemnity of these things thus accom∣plished, the commission being red, and the citation exhibi∣ted, al the masters of houses being openly cited, euery mā for a while departed home to his owne house, wyth com∣mandement to be at the common schooles of the sayd vni∣uersity at one of the clock the same day.* 1.12 When the degrees of the vniuersitye, commonly called Regents & non Re∣gents, were assembled thither, they spent the rest of y^e daye in reading ouer of Charters, graunted to the Uniuersi∣ty by kings and princes, in searching out of bulles & par∣dons from the pope, & in perusing of other Monuments pertaining to the Uniuersitie.

The next day folowing, being the 12. of Ianu. they re∣sorted to the kings Colledge to make Inquisition,* 1.13 eyther because the same for the woorthines therof was chiefe and soueraigne of all the residue, or els because that that house especially before all others, had beene counted, time out of minde, neuer to be without an hereticke (as they tearme them) or twaine. And at that present time, alb••it that ma∣ny nowe alate had withdrawne themselues from thence, yet they iudged there were some remaining still. The or∣der and maner how they woulde be intertained of euerye Colledge, when they shoulde come to make Inquisition,* 1.14 they themselues appoynted, which was in this sort.

They commaunded the master of euery house together with the residue, as well fellowes as scholers, apparelled in priestlike garmēts (which they cal habits) to mete them

at the vttermoste gate of theyr house towarde the towne. The maister him selfe to be dressed in like apparell as the Priest when hee rauisheth himselfe to Masse, sauing that he should putte on vppermoste his habite, as the rest dyd. The order of theyr goynge they appoynted to be in thys wise.* 1.15 The Maister of the House to goe formost. Next vn∣to him euery man in hys order as he was of degree, seig∣niority, or of yeres. Before the M. should be caried a crosse & holy water to sprinckle the Commissioners withal, and then after that the sayd Commissioners to be sensed. And so after this meeting, and mumbling of a few deuotions, they determined with this pompe and solempnitie to bee brought to the Chappell.

Many thought they tooke more honor vpon them than belonged to the state of man. Other some (forasmuche as at that time they not only pretended the iurisdiction of the Cardinall,* 1.16 but also represented the power and authoritye of the Bishop of Rome himselfe, who was accoumpted to be more than a mortall man) sayde it was farre lesse then of duety appertained to hys holinesse, in that the honoure that was done to his Legates, was not done to them but to his holinesse. Now was the houre come, at which they appoynted to meete:* 1.17 and being entred the kings colledge gate, where they looked for the maister and fellowes of the house, seeing no man came to meete them, they proceeded foorth to the Church doore, where they staied. There per∣ceiuing how the maister and the rest of y^e house were dres∣sing themselues as fast as they coulde, as in such order as was appoynted before, they came in sodenly vppon them, before they had set out any foote out of theyr places.

Then the maister first excused himselfe, that hee was ready no sooner,* 1.18 acknowledging that it had bene his due∣ty to haue bene in a readinesse. Secondly, he saide he was very glad of their comming, promising firste in hys owne name, and after in the name of all the rest, as muche reue∣rence, as mighte be, in all matters concerning theyr com∣mon veilitie, the which he doubted not, but should be per∣formed at their hands, according to his expectation. But like as he had don the other day in S. Maries church,* 1.19 the same exception he made to them nowe also: the whych his doing he besoughte them not to be offended withall. For seeing he did it onely for the discharge of his duetie, he had iuster cause to be helde excused.

Hee had scarsly yet finished his tale, but the Bishop of Chester with a frowning looke and an angry countenāce, interrupting him of his talke,* 1.20 said: he needed not to repeat the things hee had protested before, nor they to make aun∣swer any more to those things wherin they had sufficient∣ly enformed him before. He rather feared that their quarel was not good, that they made such a doe about it, & sought such starting holes. For so were diseased persones often∣times woont to do, when for the paine and griefe they are not able to abide a strong medicine. As thoughe that anye man were able to graunte so strong a priuiledge, as to w^t∣stand the Popes authoritye. As for the bishops letters, he sayd must nedes make on his side,* 1.21 and with such as were with him, & could not in any wise be alleged against him. Therefore he admonished him to desist from his vnprofi∣table altercation, and to conforme himselfe and his to such things as then were in doing.

After thys they went to Masse. Whych finished, wyth great solemnitie, first they went to the high aultare of the churche,* 1.22 & hauing there saluted theyr God, and searching whether all were well about him or no, they walked tho∣row all the inner chappels of the Churche. The Church goodes, the crosses, the chalices, the masse bookes, the vest∣ments, and whatsoeuer ornamentes were besides, were commaunded to be brought out vnto them. Whē they had sufficiently viewed all things, & had called foorth by name euery fellow and scholler of the house, they went to y^e ma∣sters lodging, where first and formost swearing them vp∣on a booke to answer to all such interrogatories as should be propounded vnto them (as farre as they knewe) they examined first the master himself, and afterward al the re∣sidue,* 1.23 euery man in his tourne. But there were some that refused to take this oth, because they had geuen their faith to the Colledge before, and also because they thought it a∣gainst all righte and reason to sweare against themselues: for it was contrary to all law that a man should be com∣pelled to bewraye himselfe, and not to be suffred to keepe his conscience free, when there is no manifest proofe to be laid to his charge: but muche more vniust is it, that a man shoulde be constrained perforce to accuse himselfe. Neuer∣theles these persons also, after much altercation, at length (conditionally, that their faithe geuen before to the Col∣ledge, wer not impeched therby) wer cōtēted to be sworn.

Three daies long lasted the Inquisition there. Thys was nowe the 3. day of their comming, & it was thought that the case of Bucer and Phagius was delayed longer then neded.* 1.24 For they looked to haue had much altercation and businesse about the matter. Nowe, forasmuche as the present state of the case required good deliberation and ad∣uisement, the Uicechauncelor and the maisters of the col∣ledges assembled at the common schooles, wher euery mā gaue his verdit what he thought meete to be done in this matter of Bucer. After muche debating, they agreed alto∣gether in this determination: that for asmuch as Martin Bucer whiles he liued, had not onely sowed pernicious & erroneous doctrine among ••hem, but also hadde hym selfe bene a sectarie and famous hereticke, erring from the Ca∣tholicke churche, and geuing others occasion to fall from the same likewise: a supplication should be made to y^e lord Commissioners, in the name of the whole vniuersity, that his deade carkas might foorthwith be digged vp (for so it was needefull to be done) to the intente that Inquisition might be made as touching his doctrine,* 1.25 the which beyng brought in examination, if it were not foūd to be good and wholesome, y^e law might proceede against him: for it was against the rule of the holy Canons,* 1.26 that his body should be buried in christen buriall. Yea, and besides that it was to the open derogation of Gods honor, and the violating of his holy lawes, with the great pearill of many mennes soules, and the offence of the faithfull, especially in so dif∣ficulte and contagions a time as that was.* 1.27 Wherefore it was not to be suffered, that they, which vtterlye dissented from all other men in the trade of their liuing, lawes, and customes, should haue any parte with them in honoure of buriall. And therefore the glory of God first and before all things ought to be defended, the infamye (which through this thing riseth on them) with all speede putte awaye, no roume at all left vnto those persones to rest in, who euen in the same places where they lay, were iniurious & noy∣some to the very elements, but the place ought to be pur∣ged, and all things so ordered as might be to the satisfying of the consciences of the weake. In executing whereof, so notable an example ought to be geuen to all men, that no man heereafter should be so bolde to attempt the like.

They gaue the same verdicte by common assent vpon Phagius also.* 1.28 Unto thys wryting they annexed an other by the which they lawfullye authorised Andrewe Perne the Uicechauncellour, to be the common factoure for the Uniuersitie. He was a man meerest for the purpose, bothe for the office that he bare, and also because that by the testi∣mony of Chrystopherson hee was deemed to be the moste Catholicke of all others. This supplication confirmed by the consent of all the Degrees of the Uniuersitie, and sig∣ned with theyr common seale, the nexte daye, whiche was the 13. of Ianuarie, the Uicechauncelour putte vppe to the Commissioners. Note here good reader, what a feat con∣ueiance this was, to suborne the Uniuersitie vnder a co∣lourable pretence to desire this thinge of them by waye of peticion. As who should say, if they had not done so, the o∣ther would neuer haue gone about it of themselues.

But thys glose was soone found out. For the Cōmis∣sioners had geuē the Uicechancellor instructions in wry∣ting before. But peraduēture they thought by this means to remooue the enuie of this acte from themselues.

Thus the Uicechauncelour came vnto the Commis∣sioners according to appoyntment made the daye before, about seuen of the clocke in the morning. Hee hadde scarse declared the cause of his comming, but that he hadde not only obtained his sute,* 1.29 but also euen at the very same time receiued the sentence of condemnation, for taking vppe Bucer and Phagius, faire copied out by Ormanet Data∣rie himselfe. This was to be confirmed by the consente of the degrees of the Uniuersitie. Whereuppon a solempne Conuocation called congregatio regentium & non regenti∣um for the same purpose was appoynted to be at ix. of the clocke: where the graduates being assembled together, the demaunde was propounded concerning the condemnati∣on of Bucer and Phagius, and the grace asked, whyche was thys: Pleaseth it you that M. Bucer for the heresyes nowe recited, and many other by hym wrytten, preached, and taughte, wherein he dyed without repentaunce, and was buried in Christen buriall, may be exhumate and ta∣ken vp againe. &c. After this grace eftsoones being graun∣ted, then was the Sentence of condemnation drawen by the Datarie, openlye redde, and immediatelye an other grace asked, that the same myghte bee Signed wyth the Common Seale. The whyche request was verye light∣lye and easilye obtayned. And it was no meruaile.

For nowe after the deathe of Kinge Edwarde, since the time that the gouernement of the Realme came to the hande of Queene Marye, all suche personnes being dry∣uen awaye as hadde reiected the Romishe Religion (in whom wel nie alone rested whatsoeuer wit and learning

was in the whole Uniuersitie besides) such a sort of Ras∣kals were put in their roumes, that all places now swar∣med with vnlerned and vnnurtured chaplains. To whō nothyng was greater pleasure, then to cause all men to speake slander and reproch of Bucer. There were dyuers yet left among them, that spake agaynst their demaunds. But they (because, as it commonly commeth to passe, that might ouercommeth right) could nothing auaile. For this is a common custome in all such matters & ordināces, that looke what the greater number decreeth, is published in y^e name of all: and that which the better part disallowed, se∣meth as though no man at all disallowed it.

* 1.30The next day beyng the 14. of Ianuary, all the Uisi∣tors (onely Christopherson elect of Chichester excepted) came to the Kings Colledge. Where first goyng into the Church, and there makyng their prayers at the gresings, they so proceeded into the stalles, there sitting all the masse tyme, the company standyng in their copes, and singing a solemne Respond in honour of the Uisitors. After the re∣spond done, the Prouost in the best Cope made to them his protestation, vnto whom the B. of Chester made aun∣swer also in Latine, declaryng that he could not perceyue to what purpose his protestation was, notwithstandyng they would accept it and beare with him. Then went they to Masse, which ended, the Catholike Uisitors approched vp to the aulter, & tooke downe the Sacrament, & searched the pixe, but first the two Bishops sensed the Sacrament.

Then they went to the reuestry, and opened the Cha∣lices, corporas cases, and crismatory, and viewed all those thyngs. And so re••urnyng into the Prouosts chamber, de∣uided themselues in examination of the Prouost, Uicepro∣uost, and the rest of the company. The same day D. Bacon M. of Gonwell hall, bad the Uicechauncellor, D. Young, D. Haruy, Swineborne, Maptide with others home to dinner.* 1.31 These men immediately after diner, caused the cō∣mon seale of the Uniuersitie to bee put to the foresayd in∣strument of condemnation, accordyng as was determined the day before by the generall consent of the Graduates of the Uniuersitie. And by and by after, they caried the same to the Commissioners to their lodgyng. The which when they had receiued,* 1.32 forasmuch as after more diligent peru∣sing thereof, it liked them not in all points, some thynges they rased out, some they enterlined, other some they chan∣ged: so that in fine, they were faine to take the payne to engrosse it new agayne.

To the signing wherof, a congregation was eftsoones called of all the Graduates of the Uniuersitie agaynst the next day,* 1.33 which there beyng red ouer, a new grace againe was asked and granted for settyng to the seale. Thē were the Graduates dismissed, with commaundement to resort forthwith to S. Mary Church,* 1.34 whether the Commissio∣ners also repayred. When they had taken their places, D. Harny presented to them before all the company, a newe commission to make enquest vpon heresie then newly sent from the Cardinall, which was red immediately by Uin∣cent of Noally, Ormanets Clarke. This done, D. Perne (who as ye heard, was factor for the Uniuersitie, exhibi∣ted to the cōmissioners in the name of y^e Uniuersitie y^e sen∣tence of the foresayd condemnation.* 1.35 The copy and tenour whereof, hereafter (God willyng) shall follow. This cō∣demnation beyng openly red, then D. Perne aforesaid de∣sired to send out processe to cite Bucer and Phagius to ap∣peare, or any other that would take vpon them to pleade their cause, & to stand to the order of the court agaynst the next Monday: to the intent that when they had exhibited themselues, the Courte might the better determine what ought to be done to them by order of law.

The commissioners condescended to hys request, and the next day processe went out to cite the offenders.* 1.36 This citation Uincent of Noally their common Notarie, ha∣uyng first red it ouer before certayne witnesses appointed for the same purpose, caused to bee fixed vp in places con∣uenient, to witte, vpon S. Mary church doore, the doore of the common Schooles, and the crosse in the market steade of the same towne. In this was specified, that whosoeuer woulde maintayne Bucer and Phagius, or stande in de∣fence of their doctrine, should at the xviij. day of the same moneth, stand foorth before the L. Commissioners, in S. Mary Church, which was appoynted the place of iudge∣ment, and there euery man should be sufficientlye heard what he could say. This Commaundement was set out with many wordes.

* 1.37Shortly after, the matter drewe toward Iudgement. Therefore the next day before the day limited, which was the xvij. of Ianuary,* 1.38 the Uicechauncellor called to hym to Peterhouse (whereof he was M.) D. Young, D. Segis∣wike, & with them Bullocke, Taylor, Parker, and Red∣man, Whitlocke, Mitch, & certaine others. These men cast their heds togither how they might beare witnes against Bucer & Phagius, to conuince them of heresie. For seyng the matter was brought in face of open court, & because it might so come to passe, that some Patrones of their cause would come out, they thought it needfull to haue witnes∣ses to depose of their doctrine. What came of this their cō∣sultation, it is not perfectly knowen.

The xviij. day the Uicechauncellor goyng to the In∣quisitors sittyng at the Kyngs Colledge,* 1.39 did put them in remembrance, that the same was the day in which by their processe sent forth the xvj. day before, they had commanded to appeare in S. Mary Church, such as would take vpon them to defend Bucer and Phagius by the law. He desi∣red therefore that they would vouchsafe to sitte there, if perchaunce any man would try the aduenture of the law. They lightly condescended thereunto. When the Uice∣chauncellor had brought them thether, hee exhibited vnto them the processe of the Citation which he had receyued of them to publish a little before, saying, that he had diligent∣ly executed whatsoeuer the contents of the same required. After that they had taken their places, and that no mā put forth hymself to answer for the offenders, the Iudges cal∣led aside D. Yong, D. Segiswike, Bullock, Tailor, Map∣tide, Hunter, Parker, Redman, aboue mentioned.* 1.40 Also Browne, Gogman, Rud, Iohnson, Mitch, Rauen and Carre, who had before written out the buriall of Bucer, with a singular commendation of hym, and sent it to Sir Iohn Cheeke Knight. These men takyng first their othe vpon a booke, were commanded to beare witnes agaynst the heresies and doctrine of Bucer and Phagius. The 22. day of the same month was limited to this Iurie to bryng in their verdict.

In the meane while, Ormanet and Doctor Watson a∣bode at home in their lodgyng to take the depositions of them whom we shewed you before to haue bene called to Peterhouse, & to haue communicated with the Uicechan∣cellor as concernyng that matter, whose depositions (as I told you) neuer came to light. The B. of Chester and D. Cole this day visited them of Katherine Hall, where, as farre as could bee learned, nothyng was done worthy of rehersall.

As Ormanet the Popes Datary was sittyng at Tri∣nitie Colledge,* 1.41 Iohn Dale one of the Queenes Colledge came to hym, whom he had commanded before to bryng with hym the pixe, wherein the Bish. of Romes God of bread is woont to be enclosed. For Ormanet told them he had a precious iewell: the same was a linnen cloute that the Pope had consecrated with his owne hands, which he promised to bestow vpon them for a gift. But Dale mis∣vnderstandyng Ormanet, in steade of the pixe brought a chalice and a singyng cake called the hoste, the whiche hee had wrapped vp and put in hys bosome. When hee was come, Ormanet demanded if he had brought him y^e thyng he sent hym for. To whom he aunswered, he had brought it. Then geue it me (quoth he.) Dale pulled out the cha∣lice and the singyng cake. When Ormanet sawe that,* 1.42 hee stepped somewhat backe as it had bene in a wonder, cal∣lyng hym blockhed, and little better then a mad man, de∣maundyng what he ment by those thyngs, saying: he wil∣led hym to bryng none of that geare, and that he was vn∣worthy to enioy so high a benefite: yet notwithstandyng, forasmuch as hee had promised before to geue it them, hee would performe his promise. Whereupon with great re∣uerence & ceremony, he pulled out the linnen cloth & layd it in the chalice, and the bread with it, commandyng them both for the holynes of the thyng, & also for the author of it, to keepe it among them with such due reuerence as belon∣ged to so holy a relique.

About the same tyme the Commissioners had geuen commandement to the maisters of the Colledges,* 1.43 that e∣uery man should put in writyng what books he had, with the authors names. And to the intent that euery mā shuld execute it without deceit, they tooke a corporal oth of them. This commandemēt some executed exactly and diligently other some, for as much as they deemed it wrongfull, exe∣cuted it slacke enough.

We declared before that the xviij. day was limited for the day of iudgement. Whē the day came▪ and that neither Bucer nor Phagius would appeare at their call in y^e court nor that any put forth hymself to defend them: yet the cur∣teous Commissioner would not proceede to iudgement, which neuerthelesse,* 1.44 for their con••umacy in absenting thē∣selues, they might haue done, consideryng how that daye

was peremptory. But these men beyng bent altogether to equity and mercy, had rather shew some fauour, then to do the vttermost they might by the law. Whereupon Uin∣cent published the second processe, and set it vp in the same places, as in maner before. The meanyng thereof varied not much from the first, but that it put of the iudgement day vnto the 26. of the same month. Uppon the which day the Uicechauncellor was sent for to their lodgyng, with whome they agreed concernyng the order of publishing the sentence. And because there should want no solemni∣tie in the matter, they commaunded him further to warne the Maior of the Towne to be there at the day appointed with all hys Burgesses, which the Uicechauncellour dyd speed with all readinesse.

This day (as I sayd) was the 26. of Ianuary, which beyng now come,* 1.45 first all degrees of the mother Uniuer∣sitie were assembled. And to fil vp this Pageant, thither came also the Maior and hys townesmen, and all met to∣gether in S. Mary Church to behold what there shoulde be determined vpon these men. After long attendaunce, at length the Commissioners came forth and went vppe to a scaffold that was somewhat higher then the residue, pre∣pared for the same purpose.* 1.46 When they had takē their pla∣ces, D. Perne the Uicechauncellor, the player of this En∣terlude, fashionyng hys countenance with great grauitie, reached to them the processe that was lastly published, to cite thē, saying these wordes: I bring forth againe (quoth he) to you right reuerend father and Commissioners, of the most reuerend my L. Cardinall Poole (payntyng out the rest of his stile) this Citation executed according to the purport and effect of the same: omittyng nothyng for his part that might make to the commendation of this mat∣ter. When he had thus finished his tale, by and by the B. of Chester after he had a little viewed the people, beganne in maner as followeth.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The Oration of Maister Stokes publike Orator of the Vniuersi∣tye.
• * 1.2

  Cardinal Po∣lus.
• * 1.3

  The aun∣swere of M. Scotte Bi∣shop of Che••ter, to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Oration 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Iohn 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• * 1.4

  The Com∣mi••••ion as∣signed by t••e Cardi∣nall, and ••ay.
• * 1.5

  The causes ••ecl••red.
• * 1.6

  〈◊〉〈◊〉 more commended 〈…〉〈…〉.
• * 1.7

  A Masse at the Kinges Col∣ledge.

  Ormanet Da∣tarye.
• * 1.8

  Pecocke prea∣cheth at Saint Maryes.
• * 1.9

  The citation of the Maisters of the Colledges.
• * 1.10

  Robert Bras∣se••s exception.
• * 1.11

  Alter••ation be∣tweene D. Bras∣sie and D. Scot B. of Chester.
• * 1.12

  Inquisition at the common schooles.
• * 1.13

  Ianuary. 12. Inquisition at the Kynges Colledge.
• * 1.14

  The maner of receiuing the Inquisitors whē they went to make Inquisi∣tion.
• * 1.15

  Note the ambi∣tious p••mpe of these Papistes.
• * 1.16

  The Commissi∣oners represent the Pope.
• * 1.17

  Here was a foule fault com∣mi••ted, that these men came in without Procession.
• * 1.18

  D. Brassey ex∣cuseth himselfe for the ••lacknes of his Processiō.
• * 1.19

  M. Brassey ma∣keth exception agayne.
• * 1.20

  Doctour Scots aunswere to M. Brassey.
• * 1.21

  The Popes au∣thoritye swal∣loweth vp al o∣ther priuileges.
• * 1.22

  The Legates saluting first their God.
• * 1.23

  The othe refu∣se•• of some in the kinges Col∣ledge, and why▪
• * 1.24

  The consul∣tation of the Maister▪ vpon 〈…〉〈…〉 my vp of M. Bucer.
• * 1.25

  Inquisition to be made of M. Bu∣cers doc∣trine..
• * 1.26

  Martin Bu∣cers bu••iall agaynst the holy Ca∣non lawes.
• * 1.27

  Causes why Mart. Bucer and Paulus Phagius bodyes ought to be taken vp.
• * 1.28

  Andrew Perne Vice chaun∣cellour, made factor for the V∣niuersitye in the case of M. Bucer & Phagius M. Christo∣phersons testimony of Perne. A Suppli∣cation putte vp to the Inquisitors by the Vni∣uersitye. Note this ••••ate of cō∣ueyance.
• * 1.29

  The Sen∣tence of condemna∣tion agaynst Martin Bu∣cer▪ and Paulus Phagius, copied out by the Da∣tarye. Grace as∣ked in the congregatiō for the ta∣king vp of Martin Bu∣cer.
• * 1.30

  〈◊〉〈◊〉. 14.
• * 1.31

  〈1 paragraph〉〈1 paragraph〉
• * 1.32

  〈1 paragraph〉〈1 paragraph〉
• * 1.33

  Ianuary. 15.
• * 1.34

  〈1 paragraph〉〈1 paragraph〉
• * 1.35

  〈1 paragraph〉〈1 paragraph〉
• * 1.36

  〈1 paragraph〉〈1 paragraph〉
• * 1.37

  〈◊〉〈◊〉. 17.
• * 1.38

  Witnesses sworne agaynst M. Bucer.
• * 1.39

  Ianuary. 18.
• * 1.40

  Other witnes∣ses sworne a∣gaynst Maister Bucer.
• * 1.41

  A Relicke giuen by Ormanet to Trinity Col∣ledge.
• * 1.42

  Ormanet in a pelting chafe with M. Dale.
• * 1.43

  A commaunde∣ment for bring∣ing in of hereti∣call bookes.
• * 1.44

  Graciously con∣sidered.
• * 1.45

  Ianuary. 26.
• * 1.46

  An high matter in a low house