Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church. [vol. 2, part 2] with an vniuersall history of the same, wherein is set forth at large the whole race and course of the Church, from the primitiue age to these latter tymes of ours, with the bloudy times, horrible troubles, and great persecutions agaynst the true martyrs of Christ, sought and wrought as well by heathen emperours, as nowe lately practised by Romish prelates, especially in this realme of England and Scotland. Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published and recommended to the studious reader, by the author (through the helpe of Christ our Lord) Iohn Foxe, which desireth thee good reader to helpe him with thy prayer.

The Oration of Byshop Brookes in closing vp this examination agaynst Doctour Cranmer Arch∣bishop of Caunterbury.

MAister Cranmer, I cannot otherwise terme you cō∣sidering your obstinacy, I am right sory, I am ryght hartely sory to heare suche wordes escape your mouthe so vnaduisedly.* 1.1 I had conceaued a right good hope of your amendement: I supposed that this obstinacy of youres came not of a vayne glory, but rather of a corrupte consci∣ence, which was the occasion that I hoped so well of your returne. But now I perceaue by your foolish bable, that it is farre otherwise. Ye are so puffed vp with vayn glory there is such a cauteria of heresie crept into your conscience, that I am cleane voyd of hope, and my hope is turned in∣to perdition? who can saue that which will be lost? GOD woulde haue you to be saued, and you refuse it. Perditio tua super te Israel, tantummodo in me saluatio tua, ait Dominus per Prophetam. i. Thy perdition is onely vpon thy selfe, O Is∣raell: onely in me is thy saluation, sayth the Lord by hys Prophet. You haue vttered so erronious talke, with such open malice agaynst the popes holines, with such open li∣yng against the church of Rome, with such open blasphe∣my agaynst the sacrament of the Aultar, that no mouthe could haue expressed more maliciously, more lyingly, more blasphemously.

To reason with you, although I would of my selfe to satisfie this audience,* 1.2 yet may I not by our Commission, neither can I finde how I may doe it with the scriptures: For the Apostle doth commaund that suche a one shoulde not onely not be talked withall, but also shunned and a∣uoyded saying: Hereticum hominem post vnum aut alterum conuentum, deuita, sciens quòd huiusmodi peruersus est & de∣linquit, quum sit proprio iudicio condemnatus. i. An heretical person after once or twise conferring, shunne, knowing y^t he is peruerse and sinneth, being of his owne iudgement condemned. Ye haue bene conferred withall not once or twise, but oftentimes, ye haue oft bene louingly admony∣shed, ye haue bene oft secretly disputed with. And the last yeare in the opē schoole, in open disputations ye haue bene openly conuict, ye haue bene openly driuen out of y^e schole with hisses, your bookes which ye bragge you made seuen yeares agoe, and no man aunswered it: Marcus Antonius hath sufficiently detected and confuted, and ye persist styll in your wonted heresie.

Wherefore being so oft admonished, conferred withal, and conuicted) if ye deny you to be the manne whome the Apostle noteth, heare then what Origine sayth, who wrote aboue 1300. yeares ago: and interpreteth the saying of the Apostle in this wise, in Apologia Pamphili.* 1.3 Hereticus est om∣nis ille habendus, qui Christo se credere profitetur & aliter de Christi veritate sentit quàm se habet Ecclesiastica traditio. Euen now ye professed a kinde of Christianitie and holines vn∣to vs, for at your beginning you fell downe vppon youre knees, and sayde the Lordes prayer (God wotte lyke an hipocrite) and then standing vppon youre feete, you re∣hearsed the articles of your fayth, but to what end I pray you els, but to cloke that inwarde heresie rooted in you that you might blind the poore simple and vnlearned peo∣ples eyes? For what will they say or thinke, if they do not thus say? Good Lord, what meaneth these men to say that he is an hereticke, they are deceiued, this is a good Chri∣stian, he beleueth as we beleue.

But is this sufficient to escape the name of an here∣ticke? To the simple and vnlearned it is sufficient,* 1.4 but for you that haue professed a greater knowledge and hygher doctrine, it is not enoughe to recite your beliefe. For vn∣lesse (as Origine sayth) yee beleeue all thynges that the Churche hath decreed besides, you are no Christian man. In the whiche because you doe halte and wyll come to no conformitie: from henceforthe yee are to bee taken for an hereticke, with whome wee ought neither to dis∣pute, neyther to reason, whom we ought rather to eschew and auoyd.

Neuerthelesse, althoughe I doe not entende to reason with you, but to geue you vp as an abiect and outcast frō Gods fauour, yet because yee haue vttered to the annoy∣ing of the people such pestilent heresies as may do harme among some rude and vnlearned, I thinke meete and not abs re, somewhat to say herein: not because I hope to haue any good at your handes, which I would willingly wysh but that I may establish the simple people whiche be here present, least they being seduced by youre diabolicall doc∣trine, may pearish thereby.

And first (as it behoueth euery man to purge himselfe first before he enter with anye other) where you accuse me of an othe made agaynst the Byshop of Rome, I confesse it and deny it not, and therefore do say with the rest of this Realme, good and catholicke men, the saying of the Pro∣phet: Pec cauimus cum patribus nostris, iniustè egimus,* 1.5 iniqui∣tatem fecimus. i. Wee haue sinned with oure fathers: wee haue done vniustly, and wickedlye. Delicta inuentutis meae, & ignorantias meas ne memineris Domine. i. The sinnes of my youth, and my ignoraunces, O Lord doe not remember. I was then a young man, and as young a scholer here in the vniuersitie.

I knew not then what an othe did meane, and yet to saye the truthe, I did it compulsed, compulsed I saye by you Mayster Cranmer, and here were you the authoure and cause of my periury, you are to be blamed herein, and not I. Now where you say I made two othes, the one contrary to the other, it is not so, for the othe I made to the Popes holinesse, appertayneth onely to spirituall thinges. The other othe that I made to the king, pertay∣neth onely to Temporall thinges: that is to saye, that I doe acknowledge all my temporall liuinges to proceede onely from the kinge and from none els. But all menne may see, as you agree in this, so ye agree in the rest of your opinions.

Now sir, as concerning the Supremacye whiche is onely dew to the sea of Rome, a worde or two.* 1.6 Althoughe there be a number of places whiche do confirme that christ appoynted Peter head of the Churche, yet this is a moste euident place. When Christe demaunded of his Apostles whom men called him: they aunswered: some Elias, some a Prophet. &c. But Christe replyed to Peter, and sayde: Whome sayest thou Peter that I am? Peter aunswered: Tu es Christus silius Dei, and Christ replyed: Tu es Petrus & super hanc Petram aedificabo aecclesiam meam. The Doctours enterpreting this place, super hanc Petram expounded it, id est, non solum super fidem Petri sed super te Petre. And why did Christ chaunge his name from Simon to Peter,* 1.7 whiche in latine is a stone, but onely to declare that he was onely the foundation and head of the Churche.

Agayne, where Christe demaunded of Peter beyng a∣mongst the rest of his Apostles 3. tymes a rew, Petre amas me▪ he gaue him charge ouer his sheep Pasce oues meas pasce agnos meos. Whiche place Chrysostome interpreting sayth, Pasce, hoc est, loco mei esto praepositus & caput fratrum tuorū. To conclude, when they came that required Didrachina of Christ, he commaunded Peter to cast his net into the sea,* 1.8 and to take out of the fishes mouth that hee tooke staterem hoc est duplex Didrachma, & da inquit pro te & me Petre Whi∣che wordes do signifie, that when hee had payed for them

two, he had payd for all the rest. For as in y^e old law there were appoynted two heades ouer the people of Israell, Moyses and Aaron, Moises as chiefe, and Aaron nexte head vnder him: so in the new law there were two heads of the church, which were Christ and Peter, Christ is head of all, and Peter next vnder him. S. Austine in 75. questione Veteris & noui Testamenti, Saluator (inquit) qùum pro se & Pe∣tro dari iubebat Didrachma,* 1.9 pro omnibus ipsum dari censuit, ip∣sum enim constituit caput eorum. i. Our Sauiour Christ (sayth S. Austine) commaunding the tribute to be geuen for hym and for Peter, meant thereby the same to be geuen for all other, for hee appoynted hym to be head of them. What can be more plaine then this? But I will not tary vpon this matter.

Nowe, as touching the Popes lawes, where you saye, they be contrary, because y^e seruice which should be (as you say) in English,* 1.10 is in Latine: I aunswere, who soeuer wil take the paynes to peruse the chapter, which is the xiiii. of the first to the Corinthians, shall finde, that his meaning is concerning preaching, and Obiter onely of praying.

Againe, where you say, that the Popes holinesse dothe take away one part of the sacrament from the lay men,* 1.11 & Christ would haue it vnder both, ye can saye no more but this: Bibite ex eo omnes. Drinke ye all of thys: And what fol∣loweth: Et biberunt ex eo omnes. i. And all drinke therof. Now if a man would be so pro••er••e with you, he might say that Christ gaue it onely to his Apostles, in whose places suc∣ceeded priestes, and not lay men.

And admit that Christ commaunded it to bee receaued vnder both kindes,* 1.12 yet the Churche hathe authoritie to chaunge that, as well as other. Ye read, that Christ calling his Apostles together, sayd vnto them: Ite praedicate Euan∣gelium omni nationi baptizantes in nomine patris, & filij, & spi∣ritus sancti. i. Go & preach the Gospell to euery natiō, baptising them in the name of the father, of the sonne, and the holy ghost. But the Apostles being desirous to publish christes name euery where, did baptise onely in Christes name. A∣gayne, Christ before his last Supper washed his Apostles feete, saying: Si ego laui pedes vestros dominus & magister, & vos debetis alter alterius lauare pedes. i. If I haue washed youre feet being your Lord and mayster, also you ought to washe the feete one of an other. Exemplum dedi vobis. i. I haue geuen you example. This was a precept, yet hath y^e churche altered it, lest y^e simple people should not thinke a rebaptization in it. So because sayd y^e Apostle: Accepi à Domino quod & tradidi vobis,* 1.13 Dominus noster qua nocte tradebatur. &c. i. I haue recey∣ued of the Lord the same whyche I haue deliuered to you, that our Lorde the same night in whiche hee was betrayed. &c. Notwithstanding that this was a precept that the sacra∣ment should be ministred after supper, the church hath al∣tered it, & commanded it to be receiued fasting. And where Christ did breake the breade, wee receaue the whole hoste. Christ ministred sitting at the table, we stāding at y^e altar.

It was also commaunded in the xv. of the Actes, that Christian men should absteyne à suffocato & sanguine. i. Frō strangled and bloud. But the Church perceiuing it to bee a precept but for a tyme, hath altered ix. Christ commaunded to keep holy, Diem Sabbati The Sabboth day, and the church hath altered it to Sonday. If then the church may change thinges that be so expressed in the scriptures, she may also chaunge the forme of receauing of lay menne vnder bothe kindes, for diuers occasions.

First, because in carying to the sicke, the bloud may not be shed,* 1.14 lost, or misused.

And next, that no occasion might be geuen to hereticks to thinke that there is not so muche vnder one kinde, as vnder both.

But why woulde you haue it vnder bothe kyndes, I pray you els, but onely to peruert and contrarye the com∣mandement of y^e church? For when you had it vnder both kindes, you beleued in neither. And wee hauing but one, beleue both kinds. Now sir, as concerning the sacrament of the altar, where you say, you haue a number of Doctors of your side, and we none of our side, that is to say, to con∣firme the reall presence of Christ in the sacrament of the al∣tar, in deede one to stop your mouth, I thinke it not possi∣ble to finde. Neuerthelesse, where your request is to haue one shewed vnto you, and then you will recant, I will shew you two.

* 1.15S. Augustine Super. 33. Psalme, ferebatur manibus suis: I finde not how this is true in Dauid (sayth hee) litterallye, that he was borne in hys owne handes, but in Chryste I finde it litterally, when hee gaue his body to his Apostles at hys last supper.

Agayn S. Ciprian De Coena Domini, sayth: Panis quem dominus noster discipulis suis porrigebat,* 1.16 non effigie, sed natura mutatus, omnipotētia verbi factus est caro. What can be more plain thē this? yet to your expositiō it is not plain enough. But geue me your figuratiue, significatiue and such other like termes, and I will defend that Christ hath not yet as∣cended: no nor yet that he was encarnate. &c. Wherfore •• can doe no other but put you in the number of thē, whō Chrisostome spake of in this wise, saying: Audi homo fidelis qui cōtra haereticum contendis, si Pharisaei conuicti, & non pla∣cati & haeretici. &c. Heare, O thou Christian man: wy••te y^u do more then Christ could do? Christ confuted the Phari∣seis, yet coulde hee not put them to scilence: Et fortior es tu Christo? And art thou stronger then Christ? Wilt thou goe about to bring them to silence that will receaue no aun∣swere? as who should saye, thou canste not. Thus muche haue I sayd, not for you M. Cranmer, for my hope that I conceaued of you, is now gone and past, but in somewhat to satisfie the rude and vnlearned people, that they percei∣uing your arrogant lying and lying arrogancie, maye the better eschew your detestable and abhominable schisme.

And thus ended the Prelate his worshipful tale. After whome Doctor Story taketh the matter, and thus infer∣reth in wordes, as followeth.

Maister Cranmer,* 1.17 you haue made a goodly processe concerning your hereticall othe made to the king, but you forget your othe made to the Sea Apostolicke. As concer∣ning youre othe made to the kinge, if you made it to hym onely, it tooke an end by his death, and so it is released: if you made it to his successors, well sir, the true successours haue the Empyre, and they will you to dissolue the same, and become a member of Christes Church agayne, and it standeth well with charitie.

To this the Archbishop aunswered agayne, sayth the Reporter: but what his answere was, that he suppresseth and returneth to y^e words of D. Story, who imperiouslye turning his speach agayne to the Archbishop, sayd as fol∣loweth.

Holde your peace sir, and so shall it right wel become you, considering that I gaue you licēce before,* 1.18 to say your phansie, Your othe was no othe, for it lacked the three poyntes of an othe, that is to say, Iudicium, Iustitiam, & Ve∣ritatem.

These with the like words to the same effect being vt∣tered by D. Story, seeking to breake vp and make an end of that session,* 1.19 he eftsoones called for witnesses to bee pro∣ducted, who shuld be sworne vpon the book, to vtter & de∣clare the next day, what soeuer they knew, or could remē∣ber to be inferred against Doct. Cranmers heresie. The names of the witnesses were these.

• ...Doct. Marshall, Commissary, & Deane of Christes church.
• ...Doctor Smith, vnder Com∣missary.
• ...Doct. Tresham.
• ...Doct. Crooke.
• ...M. London.
• ...M. Curtop.* 1.20
• ...M. Warde.
• ...M. Serles.

After the depositions of whiche witnesses being taken Doct. Story admonished the archbyshop, permitting him to make hys exceptiōs, if he thought any of the sayd wit∣nesses to be refused. Who thē would admit none of thē all,* 1.21 being men periured, and not in Christian religion. For if to sweare (sayd he) agaynst the Pope were vnlawful, they should rather haue geuen theyr liues, then their othe. But if it were lawfull, then are they periured, to defende hym whome they forsware before. Neuerthelesse, this answere of the Archb. being lightly regarded, as little to the pur∣pose appertayning,* 1.22 hee was commaunded agayne to the place from whence he came. Who at hys departynge out, like as at his first comming in, shewed lowe obedience to Doct. Martin, and to Doct. Story, the Queenes Cōmis∣sioners. Then Doct. Story poynting him to the Byshop of Glocester, sayd, y^t he ought rather to geue reuerence vn¦to him.* 1.23 So the reuerend archb. departing without anye o∣beysaunce exhibited to the Byshop all the other rose vp, & departed euery one to hys owne. And thus brake vp the session for this day, about two of the clocke at after noone.

And thus much hitherto concerning the summary effect of this Action or session, with the Orations, discourses, & articles commenced agaynst the Archbishop of Canterb. also with the reasons and answers of the sayd Archbishop to their obiections and interrogatoryes. Touching which his aunsweres,* 1.24 for somuch as they being recited by report of a papist (as is aforesayd) seeme to bee not indifferentlye handled, it shal therefore not greatly be out of our matter, as ye haue heard the Orations of Byshop Brokes, with the reasons, & talk of the other Commissioners, amplified and set forth at large on the one side, so now in repeatyng the wordes & answeres of the other part, to declare & sette forth somewhat more amply and effectually, what speach the sayd Archb. vsed for himselfe in the same Action, by the faythfull relation and testimonye of certayne other, who were lykewise there present and do thus report the effect of the Archbishops wordes, aunswering to the first Ora∣tion

of Bishoppe Brookes, in manner as followeth.

Notes

• * 1.1

  〈1 paragraph〉〈1 paragraph〉
• * 1.2

  〈1 paragraph〉〈1 paragraph〉
• * 1.3

  Origines in A∣pologia Pam∣phili.
• * 1.4

  What an here∣ticke is, after th•• Popes making.
• * 1.5

  B. B••ookes r••∣canteth his oth made to the king agaynst the Pope.
• * 1.6

  Supremacye.
• * 1.7

  The Church builded vpon Peter.
• * 1.8

  [Pasce] expoū∣ded by Chri∣sostome.
• * 1.9

  Aug. Quest. 75.
• * 1.10

  Seruice in latin.
• * 1.11

  Sacrament in one kind.
• * 1.12

  Authoritye of the Church in changing rites.
• * 1.13

  Rites and cere∣monyes Subiect to the dispositiō of the Church.
• * 1.14

  Reasons why lay men receaue not vnder both kindes.
• * 1.15

  Reall presence proued by B. Brookes.
• * 1.16

  August. Psal. 33. Cyprian De Coena Domini.
• * 1.17

  D. Story•••• talke to th•• Archb.
• * 1.18

  3. Thinges required in an othe.
• * 1.19

  D. Story calleth for witnesses.
• * 1.20

  Witnesses sworne a∣gaynst the Archb.
• * 1.21

  The Archb. refuseth those Iu∣rates periu∣red▪
• * 1.22

  The Archb. sent agayne to Bocardo.
• * 1.23

  The Archb. agayne ge••ueth no re∣uerence to the Popes Delegate.
• * 1.24

  The aun∣sweres 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Archb. not indiffe∣rently re∣ported.