Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church. [vol. 2, part 1] with an vniuersall history of the same, wherein is set forth at large the whole race and course of the Church, from the primitiue age to these latter tymes of ours, with the bloudy times, horrible troubles, and great persecutions agaynst the true martyrs of Christ, sought and wrought as well by heathen emperours, as nowe lately practised by Romish prelates, especially in this realme of England and Scotland. Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published and recommended to the studious reader, by the author (through the helpe of Christ our Lord) Iohn Foxe, which desireth thee good reader to helpe him with thy prayer.

About this Item

Title
Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church. [vol. 2, part 1] with an vniuersall history of the same, wherein is set forth at large the whole race and course of the Church, from the primitiue age to these latter tymes of ours, with the bloudy times, horrible troubles, and great persecutions agaynst the true martyrs of Christ, sought and wrought as well by heathen emperours, as nowe lately practised by Romish prelates, especially in this realme of England and Scotland. Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published and recommended to the studious reader, by the author (through the helpe of Christ our Lord) Iohn Foxe, which desireth thee good reader to helpe him with thy prayer.
Author
Foxe, John, 1516-1587.
Publication
[At London :: Imprinted by Iohn Daye, dwellyng ouer Aldersgate beneath S. Martins],
An. 1583. Mens. Octobr.
Rights/Permissions

To the extent possible under law, the Text Creation Partnership has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above, according to the terms of the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). This waiver does not extend to any page images or other supplementary files associated with this work, which may be protected by copyright or other license restrictions. Please go to http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/ for more information.

Subject terms
Martyrs -- Great Britain -- Early works to 1800.
Link to this Item
http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A67926.0001.001
Cite this Item
"Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church. [vol. 2, part 1] with an vniuersall history of the same, wherein is set forth at large the whole race and course of the Church, from the primitiue age to these latter tymes of ours, with the bloudy times, horrible troubles, and great persecutions agaynst the true martyrs of Christ, sought and wrought as well by heathen emperours, as nowe lately practised by Romish prelates, especially in this realme of England and Scotland. Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published and recommended to the studious reader, by the author (through the helpe of Christ our Lord) Iohn Foxe, which desireth thee good reader to helpe him with thy prayer." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A67926.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed April 26, 2025.

Pages

*Here foloweth the summe and effect of the com∣munication betwene D. Ridley, and Secretary Bourne with others, at the Lieuetenauntes table in the Tower.

MAister Thomas of Bridges sayd at his brother may∣ster Lieuetenantes boorde: I pray you M. Doctours,* 1.1 for my learning tell me what an heretick is. M. Secretary Bourne sayd, I will tell you who is an hereticke: who so stubbernly & stifly maynteineth an vntruth, he is an here∣ticke.* 1.2 Ye meane syr (sayd I) an vntrueth in matters of re∣ligion, & concerning our fayth. Yea that is true sayd he: & in this we are soone agreed. Then sayd maister Fecknam, sitting at the vpper end of the table, whom they called M. Deane of Paules: I wil tell you by S. Austine who is an hereticke. Qui adulandi principibus vel lucri gratia falsas opi∣niones gignit vel sequitur, hereticus est, sayth S. Austine.* 1.3 And then he englished the same. Sir sayd I, I wene S. Austine addeth the thyrd member, which is, vel vanae gloriae causa. Ye say euen true M. Doctor, sayd he, and thus farre we did agree all three.

M. Fecknam began againe to say, who so doth not be∣leue that scripture affirmeth,* 1.4 but will obstinately maintein the contrary, he is Haereticus, as in the sacramēt of the aul∣tar: Mathew doth affirm there to be Christs body. Marke doth affirme it, Luke affirmeth it, Paule affirmeth it, and none denyeth it: therfore to hold the cōtrary it is heresy. It is the same body and flesh that was borne of the virgine: & this is confirmed by vnity, antiquity & vniuersalitye. For none before Berengarius did euer doubt of this,* 1.5 & he was an heretick, as M. doctor there knoweth full well: I do te∣stify his owne conscience sayd he.

Mary sir, saide mayster Secretary, maister Fecknam hath spoken well. These be great matters, vnitie antiqui∣tie and vniuersalitie. Do ye not thinke so maister Doctour said he to me?

Here while I strayned curtesye and pretended as no∣thinge to talke, sayd one of the Commissioners: peraduen∣ture M. Ridley doth agree with M. Fecknam, and then there needes not much debating of the matter.

Syr saide I in some thinges I doe and shall agree with him, and in some things which he hath spoken to be playne. I doe not agree with him at all. Maister sayde I, ye be (as I vnderstād) the Queenes Commissioners here and if ye haue commissiō to examine me in these matters, I shall declare vnto you playnely my faythe, if yee haue not, then I shall pray you either geue mee leaue to speake my minde freely, or els to hold my peace.

There is none here, sayde M. Secretary, that doth not fauour you: and thē euery man shewed what fauour they

Page 1427

bare towardes me, and howe glad they woulde be of an a∣greement.

But as I strayned to haue licence of thē in playn wor∣des to speak my minde,* 1.6 so me thought they graunted me it but vix or agrè. Well at the last I was content to take it for licenced, and so began to talke.

To M. Fecknams argumentes of the manifold affir∣matiō where no denial was,* 1.7 I answered: where is a mul∣titude of affirmations in scripture, and where is one affir∣mation, all is one concerning the trueth of the matter: for that any one of the Euangelists spake inspired by the holy ghost,* 1.8 was as true as that which is spoken of them all. It is as true that Iohn sayth of Christ: Ego sum ostium ouium. i. I am the dore of the sheepe, as if all had sayde it. For it is not in scripture as in witnes of men where the number is credited more then one, because it is vncertayne of whose spirit he doth speake. And where M. Fecknam spake of so many, affirming without any negation. &c. Syr sayd I, all they do affirme the thing which they ment. Now if ye take theyr wordes to leaue theyr meaning then do they affirme what ye take,* 1.9 but not what they ment. Syr sayde I, if in talke with you, I should so vtter my minde in words, that ye by the same do, and may playnely perceiue my meaning & could (if ye wold be captious) cauil at my words & writh them to an other sense, I would thinke ye were no gentle companion to talke with, except ye would take my words as ye did perceiue that I did meane.

Mary, quoth M. Secretary, we should els do you plain iniury and wrong.

M. Fecknam perceiuing whereunto my talke went, why (quoth he) what circumstaunces can ye shew me that should moue to thinke of any other sense, then as the wor∣des playnely say: Hoc est corpus meum, quod pro vobis trade∣tur. i. This is my body which shall be betrayed for you?

Syr sayd I, euen the next sentence that foloweth: vix. Hoc facite in meam commemorationem. i. Do this in my remem∣braunce.* 1.10 And also by what reason, ye say the bread is turned into Christes carnall body: By the same I may say, that is turned into his misticall body. For as that sayth of it: Hoc est corpus quod pro vobis tradetur:* 1.11 so Paule which spake by Christes spirit sayth: Vnus panis & vnum corpus multi sumus omnes, qui de vno pane participamus. i. We being many are all but one bread and one body, in as much as we are parta∣kers of one bread.

Here he calleth one bread, one loafe, sayd Mayster Se∣retary.

Yea sayd I, one loafe, one bread, all is one with me.

But what saye ye quoth maister Secretary, of the U∣niuersalitye, antiquitye, and vnity, that M. Fecknam dyd speake of?

I ensure you sayd I, I thinke them matters weighty and to be considered well.* 1.12 As for vnity, the truth is, before God, I doe beleue it and embrace it, so it be with verity, & ioyned to our head Christ, and such one as Paule, speaketh of saying: Vna fides, vnus Deus, vnum Baptisma. i. On fayth, one God,* 1.13 one Baptisme. And for antiquity I am also per∣suaded to be true that Iraeneus sayth: Quod primum verum. i. That is first is true. In our Religion Christes fayth was first truely taught by Christ himselfe, by his Apostles and by manye good men that from the beginning did succeede next vnto them: and for this controuersy of the Sacramēt I am perswaded, that those olde writers which wrote be∣fore the controuersye and the vsurping of the sea of Rome do all agree, if they be well vnderstanded in this truth.

I am glad to heare, sayd Maister Secretary, that ye do so well esteme the Doctors of the church.

* 1.14Now as for vniuersality, it may haue 2. meanings: one to vnderstand that to be vniuersall which from the begin∣ning in all ages hath bene alowed, another, to vnderstand vniuersalitye for the multitude of our age or of anye other singuler age.

No, no, sayth maister Secretary, these 3. doe alwayes agree, and where there is one, there is all the rest, and here he and I chaunged many wordes. And finally, to be shorte in this matter we did not agree.

There was none quoth mayster Fecknam, before Be∣rengarius, Wickliffe, and Hus, and now in our dayes Ca∣rolostadius, Oecolampadius. And Carolostadius sayth, Christ poynteth to his owne body and not to the Sacra∣ment, and sayd: Hoc est Corpus meum. And Melancton wri∣teth to one Micronius (Miconius sayde I) these or like wordes:* 1.15 Nullam satis grauem rationem inuenire possum, prop∣ter quam a fide maiorum in hac materia dissentiam. i. I can finde no grounded reason to cause me to dissent from the beliefe of our foreelders.

* 1.16Thus when hee had spoken at length, with manye o∣ther wordes mo: Sir sayd I, it is certain that other before these haue written of this matter. Not by the way onelye, and obiter, as doth for the most all the olde writers, but e∣uen ex professo, and theyr whole bookes intreat of it alone, as Bertram.

Bertram said the Secretary, what man was he? & whō was he, and how do ye know? &c. with many questions.

Syr quoth I, I haue read his booke: He proponeth the same which is now in controuersy, and aunswereth so dy∣rectly that no man may doubt but that he affirmeth, that ye substance of bread remaineth still in the Sacrament, and he wrote vnto Carolus Magnus.

Mary (quoth he) marke for there is a matter. He wrote quoth he, ad Henricum, and not ad Carolum, for no Authour maketh any such mention of Bertramus.

Yes quoth I, Trithemius in Catalogo illustrium scriptorū, speaketh of him. Trithemius was but o late time: but he spe∣keth quoth I of them that were of antiquitye. Here, after much talke of Bertram, what authors haue ye quoth M. Secretary to make of the sacrament a figure?

Syr quoth I, ye knowe (I thinke) that Tertullian in playne wordes speaketh thus: Hoc est corpus, id est,* 1.17 figu•••• Corporis mei. i. This is my bodye, that is to say, a figure o my body. And Gelasius sayth playnly that Substantia panis manet. i. The substaunce of bread remayneth. And Origene sayth likewise, Quod sanctificatur secundum materiam, ingre∣ditur stomachum & vadit in secessum. i.* 1.18 That which is sanctifi∣ed, as touching the matter or substance, passeth away into the draught. This when I had englished, M. Secretarye sayd to me, you know very well as any man. &c. and here, if I woulde, I might haue bene set in a foolishe Paradise of his commendation of my learning, and quòd essem vir multae Lectionis. i. A manne of much readyng. But thys I woulde not take at his hand. He set me not vp so high, but I brought my selfe as low againe: and here was much adoe.

As for Melancton (quoth I) whō M. Fecknam spake of, I maruell that ye will alledge him, for we are more nye an agrement here in England, then the opinion of Melāc∣ton to you: for in this poynt we all agree here, that there is in the sacrament but one materiall substance: & Melanctō as I weene, sayth there are two.

Ye say trueth quoth M. Secretary: Melancthons opi∣nion is so. But I pray you, ye haue read that the sacramēt was in olde time so reuerenced, that many were then for∣bidden to be present at the ministration thereof. Catecume∣ni (quoth he) and many moe.

Truth sir (quoth I) there were called some Audientes, some Poenitentes, some Catechumeni, and some Euergumeni,* 1.19 which were commaunded to depart.

Now (quoth he) then. And howe can ye then make but a figure or a signe of the Sacrament, as that booke whyche is set forth in my Lord of Canterburyes name, I wisse, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 can tell who made it, did not ye make it?* 1.20 & here was much murmuring of the rest, as though they would haue geuen me the glorye of the writing of the booke, whiche yet there was sayd of some there, to conteyne most haynous heresy that euer was.

Mayster Secretary (quoth I) that booke was made of a great learned man, and him which is able to do the like a¦gain: as for me I ensure you (be not deceiued in me) I was neuer able to do or write any such like thing, he passeth me no lesse, then the learned mayster his yong scholer.

Now, here euery man would haue his saying, which I passe ouer, not much materiall for to tell. But sir quoth I, me thinkes it is not charitably done, to beare the people in hand that any man doth so lightly esteme the sacrament, as to make of it a figure. For that [but] maketh it a bare figure without any more profit, which that book doth often deny, as appeareth to the reader most playnely.

Yes quoth he that they do.

Sir, no quoth I, of a truth: and as for me, I ensure you I make no lesse of the sacrament then thus: I say whoso∣euer receiueth the sacrament, he receiueth therewith eyther life or death.

No quoth M. Secretary, scripture sayth not so.

Sir quoth I, although not in the same soūd of words, yet it doth in the same sense, and S. Augustine sayth, in the sound of words also: for Paule sayth: The bread which we breake, is it not the partaking or felowship of the bodye of Christ? And S. Augustine, Manduca vitam, Bibe vitam, i. eate life, drinke life.

Then sayd mayster Pope, what can ye make of it whē ye say, there is not the reall body of Christ? Whiche I doe beleue. &c. & I pray God I may neuer beleue other. How can it bring (as ye say) either life or death,* 1.21 when Christes body is not there?

Syr quoth I, when you heare Gods word truely prea∣ched, if ye do beleue it and abide in it, ye shal and do receiue life withal: and if ye do not beleue it, it doth bring vnto you

Page 1428

death: and yet Christes body is still in heauen and not car∣nall in euery preachers mouth.

I pray you tell me quoth he, how can you aunswere to this:* 1.22 Quod pro vobis tradetur, which shall be geuen for you: was the figure of Christes body geuen for vs?

No sir quoth I, but the very body it selfe, wherof the sa¦crament is a sacramentall figure.

How say ye then quoth he, to Quod pro vobis tradetur: which shall be geuen for you.

* 1.23Forsoothe quoth I, Tertullians exposition maketh it playne, for he sayth, Corpus est figura Corporis. i. The body is a figure of the body. Nowe put to Quod pro vobis tradetur: Whiche shall bee geuen for you, and it agreeth exceedyng well.

In fayth quoth he, I would geue xl. poūd that ye were of a good opinion. For I ensure you I haue heard you, and had an affection to you.

I thanke you mayster Pope, for your hart and minde, and ye knowe quoth I, I were a very foole if I woulde in this matter dissent frō you, if that in my conscience ye truth did not enforce me so to do. For iwise (as ye do perceiue, I trowe) it is somewhat out of my way, if I would esteeme worldly gayne.

* 1.24What say ye, quoth he, to Cyprian? Doth he not saye playnly, Panis quem dedit Dominus non effigie sed natura mu∣tatus omnipotentia verbi factus est caro? i. The Bread whiche the Lorde did deliuer, being changed, not according to the forme, but according to the nature thereof, by the omnipo∣tent word is made flesh.

True Syr, so he doth say, and I answere euen the same which once by chaunce I preached at Paules Crosse in a Sermon,* 1.25 for the which I haue bene as vniustly & as vn∣truely reported as any pore man hath bene. For there, I speaking of the sacrament, and inueying against them that estemed it no better then a piece of bread, told euē the same thing of Poenitentes, Audientes, Catecumeni, Energumeni, that I spake of before: and I bad them depart as vnworthy to heare the misterye, and then I sayd to those that be Sancti: Cyprian the Martyr shall tel you how it is that Christ cal∣leth it, saying Panis est corpus, cibus, potus, caro, &c. i. Breade is the body,* 1.26 meat, drinke, flesh, because that vnto this mate∣riall substance is geuen the property of the thing whereof it beareth the name: and this place then tooke I to vtter as the time would then suffer, that the materiall substaunce of bread doth remaine. M. Fecknam (which as is reported to me) did belie me openly in ye same matter at Paules crosse, heard all this my talke (as red as skarlet in his face) and herein aunswered me neuer one word.

You do know wel, quoth M. Secretary, that Origenes and Tertullian were not Catholicke but erred.

* 1.27Syr quoth I, there is none of all the Doctors that are holden in all points, but are thought to haue erred in some thinges. But yet I neuer heard that it was eyther layd to Origēs charge or to Tertullian, yt euer they were thought to haue erred in this matter of the sacrament.

What quoth M. Chomley, late chiefe Iustice, doth not christ say plainly, that it is his very flesh, & his very bloud, and we must needes eate him,* 1.28 or we can haue no life? Syr, quoth I: if you wil heare how S. Augustin expoūdeth that place, you shal perceiue that you are in a wrong boxe. And when I began to tell S. Augustines minde in his book de Doctrina Christiana: Yea, yea, quoth M. Secretary, that is true, S. Augustine doth take it figuratiuely in deed.

Forty yeares agoe quoth M. Fecknam, all were of one opinion in this matter.

Forty yeares ago (quoth I) all held that the Bishop of Rome was supreme head of the vniuersall Church.

What then? was master Fecknam beginning to say. &c. but M. Secretary tooke the tale, and sayde, that was but a positiue law.

A positiue law? quoth I, No Syr, he would not haue it so: for it is in his decrees, that he challēged it by Christes owne word.* 1.29 For his decree sayth: Nullis Synodicis constitu∣tis, ne{que} Consilijs, sed viua voce Domini praelata est Ecclesia Ro∣mana omnibus Ecclesijs in toto Mundo: dicente Domino Petro, tu es Petrus. &c. The Church of Rome was aduaunced aboue all other Churches in the world, not by any Sinodicall constitutiōs, nor yet any counsell, but by the liuely voyce of the Lord, accor∣ding as the Lord sayd to Peter: Thou art Peter. &c. And in an o∣ther place he entreateth. Tu es Cephas, id est, caput. i. Thou art Cephas, that is to say, the head.

Tush, it was not counted an article (quoth M. Secre∣tary) of our fayth.

Yes, sayd I, if ye call that an article of our fayth, which is to be beleued vnder payne of damnation. For he sayeth: Omninò definimus, declaramus, pronunciamus, omnem creatu∣ram subesse Romano pontifici, de necessitate salutis. i. We do ab∣solutely determine, declare, and pronoūce, that euery creature is subiect to the obedience of the Byshop of Rome vpon necessity of saluation.

And here whē we spake of lawes and decrees M, Ro∣ger Chomley thought himself much wrounged, yt he could not be suffred to speake, the rest were so ready to interrupt him: and then he vp and told a long tale what lawes were of kings of England made against the Bish. of Rome, and was vehemēt to tell how they alway of the Clergy did flie to him. And here because he semed to speak of many things beside our purpose, whereof we spake before, he was aun∣swered of his owne felowes, and I let them talke.

Finally, we departed in peace,* 1.30 and Maister Secretary promised in the end, that of theyr talke there shoulde come to me no harme. And after I had made my mone for lacke of my books, he sayd they were all once geuen him: but sith I know (said he) who hath them now, write me the names of such as ye would haue and I wil speake for you the best I can.

Upon the Articles aboue mentioned,* 1.31 and Inquisiti∣tion made vpon the same, diuers Ministers were diuorced from theyr wiues. Amongest whom was one Iohn Dra∣per, and Ioane Golde his wife, in the Dioces of London, troubled and vexed for the same by Boner Bish. of Londō, who sent forth a Commission with a processe, to sequester and separate them, enioyning also penaunce to the poore woman.

Besides this Iohn Draper, diuers other also were di∣uorced the same time agaynst theyr wils, & some contented of theyr owne vnconstant accorde, to be separated of theyr wiues: as of Chichester one (who because he soone recoue∣red againe shall be here nameles) an other named Edmōd Alstone, an other Alexander Bull, amongest whome also was D. Standish, with many other: whose names toge∣ther in the end of this story of Queene Mary, we may per∣aduenture, by Gods grace in a generall Catalogue, toge∣ther comprehend.

March. 1554.

The 10. of March a letter was sēt to the Lieuetenant of the Tower to deliuer the bodyes of M. Doc. Cranmer the Archhishop of Caunterbury, M.D. Ridley, and M. Lati∣mer, to Syr Iohn Williames to be conueyed by him vnto Oxford.

The 26. of March there was a letter directed to Syr Henry Doell and one Foster to attach the bodyes D. Tai∣lor Parson of Hadley, and of Hēry Askew, and to send thē vp to the Counsell.

Notes

Do you have questions about this content? Need to report a problem? Please contact us.