Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church. [vol. 2, part 1] with an vniuersall history of the same, wherein is set forth at large the whole race and course of the Church, from the primitiue age to these latter tymes of ours, with the bloudy times, horrible troubles, and great persecutions agaynst the true martyrs of Christ, sought and wrought as well by heathen emperours, as nowe lately practised by Romish prelates, especially in this realme of England and Scotland. Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published and recommended to the studious reader, by the author (through the helpe of Christ our Lord) Iohn Foxe, which desireth thee good reader to helpe him with thy prayer.

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Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church. [vol. 2, part 1] with an vniuersall history of the same, wherein is set forth at large the whole race and course of the Church, from the primitiue age to these latter tymes of ours, with the bloudy times, horrible troubles, and great persecutions agaynst the true martyrs of Christ, sought and wrought as well by heathen emperours, as nowe lately practised by Romish prelates, especially in this realme of England and Scotland. Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published and recommended to the studious reader, by the author (through the helpe of Christ our Lord) Iohn Foxe, which desireth thee good reader to helpe him with thy prayer.
Author
Foxe, John, 1516-1587.
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[At London :: Imprinted by Iohn Daye, dwellyng ouer Aldersgate beneath S. Martins],
An. 1583. Mens. Octobr.
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Martyrs -- Great Britain -- Early works to 1800.
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http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A67926.0001.001
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"Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church. [vol. 2, part 1] with an vniuersall history of the same, wherein is set forth at large the whole race and course of the Church, from the primitiue age to these latter tymes of ours, with the bloudy times, horrible troubles, and great persecutions agaynst the true martyrs of Christ, sought and wrought as well by heathen emperours, as nowe lately practised by Romish prelates, especially in this realme of England and Scotland. Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published and recommended to the studious reader, by the author (through the helpe of Christ our Lord) Iohn Foxe, which desireth thee good reader to helpe him with thy prayer." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A67926.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 17, 2024.

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Instructions geuen by Pope Adrian to Cheregatus his Legate, touching his proceedings in the diete of Noren∣berg, how and by what persuasions to incense the Princes agaynst Luther.

IN primis,* 1.1 you shall declare to them the great griefe of our hart for the prospering of Luthers secte, to see the innu∣merable soules redemed with Christs bloud, and commit∣ted to our pastorall gouernement, to be turned away from the true fayth and religion, into perdition by this occasion: & that especially in the nation of Germany, being our na∣tiue country, which hath bene euer heretofore, til these few yeares past, most faythfull and deuour in religion: & there∣fore our desire to be the greater, that this pestilence should

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be stopped by time, least the same happen to that countrey of Germany, which happened of late to Bohemia. And as for our part,* 1.2 there shalbe no lacke to helpe forward what we may: As likewise we desire them, to ndeuoure them selues to the vttermost of theyr power, whom these causes ought to moue, which here we direct vnto you, to be decla∣red vnto them.

* 1.3First the honor of God, which be∣fore all other thinges ought to be pre∣ferred: whose honor by these heresyes is greatly defaced and his worship not onely diminished, but rather whollye corrupted. Also the charity toward our neighbor, by which charity euery man is bound to reduce his neighbor out of errour: otherwise God will requyre at theyr handes all such as by theyr neg∣ligence do perish.

The second cause to moue them a∣gaynst Luther,* 1.4 is the infamy of theyr nation, whiche being counted before time alwayes most Christian, now by these sectaries of Luther, is euill spoken of in all other quartes.

The third cause is the respecte of theyr owne honour, which notoriously will be disteined,* 1.5 if they which most ex∣cell in nobility and authority among the Germaines, shall not bend all theyr power to expell these heresyes: First for that they shall appeare to degenerate from theyr progeni∣tors, who being present at the condemnatiō of Iohn Hus, & of other heretickes, are sayd some of thē with theyr owne hands to haue led Iohn Hus to the fire: Secondly, for that they or the greater part of thē approuing with theyr autho¦rity * 1.6 the emperiall edict set forth of late in cōdemnatiō of M. Luther, now ex∣cept they shall folow the execution of ye same, shall be noted inconstant, or may be thought to fauor the same, seing it is manifest that they may easily extermi∣nate him, if they were disposed.

The fourth cause is the iniury wrought by Luther to them their parentes,* 1.7 and progenitors, for as much as their fathers, progenitors, and themselues also haue alwayes holden the same fayth, which the catholick church of Rome hath appoynted: contrary to which fayth, Luther with his sectaryes now doeth holde, saying that many thinges are not to be beleued, which theyr foresaid aunceters haue hol∣den to be of fayth: it is manifest therfore that they be condē∣ned of Luther for infidels and hereticks, and so consequēt∣ly by Luthers doctrine, all theyr foreelders & progenitors which haue deceased in this our fayth be in hell: for errour in fayth importeth damnation.

The fift cause to moue them is, that they should wel ad∣uise & consider the end,* 1.8 whereunto all these Lutherians do tēd: * 1.9 which is, that vnder the shadow of Euangelicall liberty, they may abo∣lish all superiority and power▪ For al∣though at the first beginning they pre∣tended onely to adnul and represse our power ecclesiasticall, as being falsely & tyrannously vsurped agaynst the Gos∣pell: yet for as much as liberty is all theyr foundation and pretence, by the which liberty the seculer power and magi∣strates can not binde men by any commaundementes (be they neuer so iust, or so reasonable) * 1.10 to obey thē vnder paine of mortall sinne: it is manifest that theyr scope is to en∣feeble and infringe as much or more, the seculer state also, although couert∣ly they pretend to salue it: to the end, that when the seculer Princes shall beleue this theyr wor∣king not to be directed against them, but onely agaynst the vsurped domination of the church and churchmē, then the laity (which commonly hath bene alwayes agaynst men of the Church) holding with them, shall suffer the Church∣men to be deuoured: Which done, no doubt, but * 1.11 they will afterward practise the like vpon the se∣cular Princes and potestates, which now they attempt agaynst our ecclesi∣asticall iurisdiction.

The sixte cause to mooue and per∣swade them agaynst Luther is this, for them to consider the fruites which folow of that sect:* 1.12 as slaunders, offences, disturbaunce, robberyes, murders, * 1.13 seditions, dissentions, which this sect hath and dayly doth styrre vp through whole Germany: Also blasphemyes. * 1.14 slaunderous wordes, scoffing iestes and bitter tauntes whiche are euer in theyr mouthes. Agaynst which, vnles that they shall finde a present remedy, it is to be feared, least the desolation of Gods wrath will fall vpon Germa∣ny, being so diuided: or rather vpō the Princes of Germany, who hauing the sword geuen of God into theyr hands for the suppression of malefactors, suf∣fer such enormities amongst theyr sub∣iectes.* 1.15 Cursed is he (sayth the Prophet) which doth the worke of the Lorde negligently: and holdeth backe his sworde from the bloud of wicked doers.

The seuenth reason is,* 1.16 that the princes should consider how Luther vseth the same way of seducing the people of Christ, as hath the venimous vyper * 1.17 Mahumet practised in deceiuing so ma¦ny thousands of soules, in permitting to them the libertye of those thinges which flesh desireth, and afterward in exempting them from such thinges as be more sharp in the law, but that Lu∣ther a litle more temperately handleth the matter, whereby he may deceiue more effectually: For Mahumet geueth licence to haue many wiues, and to di∣uorce and mary other at their pleasure. This Luther, to drawe vnto him the fauor of nunnes, monks, and priests, such as be lasciuious in flesh, preacheth that vowes of perpetuall continencye be vnlawfull, much lesse to be obliga∣tory: and therfore permitteth vnto thē that they may mary, forgetting by the way what the Apostle writeth of yoūg widowes, saying:* 1.18 That when they waxe wanton agaynst Christ then will they marrye, hauing condemnation, because they haue made voyd theyr first fayth.

These & other such like reasons, being opened & layd be∣fore thē, you shal thē in our name exhort ye foresaid princes, prelats, & people to awake, and employ their diligēce how to gainestand: First the iniury of these Lutherians toward God, & toward his holy religiō: Secōdly theyr villany to∣ward the whole nation of the Germanes & their princes, & especially the shamefull contumely toward theyr fathers & elders, whō in effect they condemne to hel. In consideratiō wherof you shal cal vpō thē to remēber thēselues, & to pro∣ceed effectually to the executiō of ye apostolicall sentēce, & of the Emperors edict, geuing pardon to thē that wil amend & acknowledge their fault: the other which obstinatly per∣sist in their error, punishing with the rod of district seuerity according to the decrees of the Canons and lawes of the Church, that by theyr example, such as stand, may remaine in fayth, and they which are fallen may be reduced.

And if any shall obiect again, ye Luther was condēned by the apostolicke see before he was heard, & yt his cause ought first to haue bene heard & iudged, before he was cōuinced: you shall aunswere, that those * 1.19 thinges which perteine to faith, are to be beleued for theyr owne authority, & not to be proued. Take away (sayth Ambrose) argumentes, where fayth is sought, there the fishers, not the Philosophers must bee trusted. Truth it is, & we graunt no lesse, but the lawfull defence & hearing ought not to bee denyed in such cases, where the question is of the fact, whether it were done or not, as whe∣ther he spake, preached, writ, or not? But where the matter is of Gods law, or in cause of the sacramentes, there must we alwayes stand to the authority of holy fathers & of the Church. Now all thinges almost wherein Luther dissen∣teth from other, are reproued before by diuers Councels. Neither ought those things to be called into questiō, which haue bene defined before by general coūcels, & ye vniuersal-Church, but ought to be receiued by fayth: For els he doth iniury to the Synode of the church, who so bringeth again into controuersy things once rightly discussed & setled. O∣therwise what certaynty can there be amongst mē, or what end shal there be of contēding & disputing, if it shalbe law∣full for euery lewd & presumtuous person, to decline from the things which haue bene receiued and ratified by the cō∣sent, not of one, nor of fewe, but of so many ages, so many wise heades, & of the Catholicke church, which God neuer permitteth to erre in matters vnto fayth apperteyning? And how can it otherwise be chosen, but that all muste bee ful of disturbance, offences, and confusion, vnlesse the thin∣ges which haue bene once, yea many times by ripe iudge∣ment cōstituted, be obserued of al mē as inuiolable? Wher∣fore, seing Luther and his felowes do cōdemne the Coun∣cels

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of holy fathers, do burne the holy canons, do cōfound al things at their pleasure, & do disquiet the whole world, what remaineth, but that they are to be reiected & explo∣ded, as enemies and perturbers of publike peace?

Further this you shal say vnto them, yt we confesse our selues, & deny not, but that God suffreth this persecutiō to be inflicted vpon his churche,* 1.20 for the sinnes of men, especi∣ally of priests and prelates of the clergie. For certain it is, that the hand of the Lord is not shortned, that he cannot saue: but our sinnes haue diuided betwene God and vs: and therfore he hi∣deth his face from vs, that he wil not heare vs. The scripture te∣stifieth, that the sinnes of the people doe issue out from the sinnes of the priests. And therfore saith Chrysostom,) Christ going a∣bout to cure the sicke citie of Hierusalē, first entred into the tem∣ple, to correct the sinnes of the priestes, like a good phisitiō, which first beginneth to cure the disease from the very rote. We know that in this * 1.21 holy see there haue bene many abhominable things of long time wrought & prac∣tised: as abuses in matters spirituall, and also excesses in life and maners, and all things turned cleane cōtrary. And no maruell if the * 1.22 sicknesse first beginning at the heade, that is, at the high Bishops, haue descended after∣ward to inferior prelates. Al we (that is, prelates of the church) haue decli∣ned euery one after his owne waye. Neither hath there ben one that hath don good, no not one. Wherfore nede it is yt al we geue glory to God, and that we humble our soules to him, considering euery one of vs, from whence hee hath fallen,* 1.23 and that euery one doe iudge himself, before he be iudged of God in the rod of his furie. For the redresse wherof you shal insinuate vnto them, and promise in our behalfe, that in vs shall be lacking no dili∣gence of a better reformation, first beginning wt our owne court, that like as this contagion first from thence descen∣ded into all the inferior partes:* 1.24 so reformation & amende∣ment of all that is amisse from the same place againe, shall take his beginning. Wherunto they shall finde vs so much the more ready, for that we see ye whole worlde so desirous of the same. Wee our selues (as you knowe) neuer sought this dignity, but rather coueted, if we otherwise might, to lead a priuate life, and in a quiete state to serue God. And also would vtterly haue refused the same, had not the feare of God, and the maner of our election, and misdoubting of some schisme to follow after, haue vrged vs to take it. And thus tooke we the burden vpon vs, not for any ambition of dignity, or to enrich our frends, and kinsfolks, but only to be obediēt to the will of God, and for reformation of the catholique church, and for reliefe of the pore, and especially for the aduancement of learning & learned men, with such other things moe, as apperteineth to the charge of a good Bishop & lawful heire of S. Peter. And though all errors, corruptions, and abuses, be not straight wayes amended by vs, men ought not therat to maruell. The sore is great and farre growen,* 1.25 and is not single, but of manifolde ma∣ladies together compacted, & therefore to the curing therof we must proceede by litle and litle, first beginning to cure the greater and the most dangerous, least while we intend to amend all, we destroy all. All sodaine mutations (sayth A∣ristotle) in a common wealth, are perilous. And he that wringeth too hard, straineth out bloud. Prou. 30

And whereas in your last letters you wryte, that the Princes complaine, howe this See hath bene and is pre∣iudiciall to their ordinaunces and agreements: heereunto you shall thus aunswere: That suche excesses which haue bene done before our time, ought not to be imputed to vs, who alwayes haue misliked these derogations, and there∣fore bidde them so assure them selues, that though they had required no such matter, we of our owne accorde, woulde haue refrained the same, partly for that it is good, right, & reason, that euery one haue that which is due vnto hym: and partly also that the sayd noble natiō of Germany shal haue by vs no hinderance, but furtherance rather, so much as in vs shall lie to do for them.

And as touching the processes, whyche they desire to haue remoued away a Rota, and to be referred down to the parties,* 1.26 you shall signifie vnto them that we will gratifie them herein asmuch as honestly we may. But because our auditors are now presently absent from the citie by reason of the Plague, wee can not be infourmed as yet, touching the qualitie of those processes. Assoone as they shall returne (which we hope will be shortly) we shal do in the Princes fauour, what reasonably we may.

Further, wheras we vnderstande, that there be many fresh florishing wits in Germanie, and many well learned men, which are not seene vnto, but be reiected and vnloo∣ked to, while in the meane time, throughe the Apostolicall prouisions, dignities,* 1.27 and promotions are bestowed vpon tapsters, and daunsers, and vnfitte persons: we wil there∣fore that you inquire out what those learned men are, and what be their names, to the intent that when any such va∣cation of benefices in Germany do fal, we of our volunta∣ry motiō, may prouide for them accordingly. For why, we consider howe much it is against Gods glory,* 1.28 and against the health and the edification of soules, that benefices and dignities of the church, haue now so long time bene besto∣wed vpon vnworthy and vnable persons.

As touching the subsidie for the Hungarians, we send no other information to you, but that which we gaue you at your departure, saue onely that we will you to extende your diligence therein, as we also will do the like, in solici∣ting the matter with the princes and cities of Italie, that euery one may helpe after his abilitie. Ex Orth. Gratio.

These popish suggestions and instructions of the Pope himselfe against Luther, I thought (Christen reader) to set before thine eyes, to the intent thou maiest see here (as in a paterne, and go no further) all the crimes, obiectiōs, excla∣mations, suspitions, accusations, slāders, offensions, con∣tumelies, rebukes, vntruths, cauillations, railings,* 1.29 what soeuer they haue deuised, or can deuise, inuent, articulate, denounce, infer, or surmise against Luth. and his teaching. They crie, heresy, heresy: but they prooue no heresy. They cry, Councels, Councels: and yet none trāsgresseth Coun∣cels more then themselues. If Councels go alwaies with Scripture, then Luther. goethe with them. If Councells doe iarre sometime from the Scripture, what heresie is in Luth. in standing with Scripture against those councels? And yet neither hath he hitherto spoken against any coun∣cels, saue onely the Councell of Constance. They inflame kings and princes against Luth▪ and yet they haue no iust cause wherefore. They accuse him for teaching libertie.* 1.30 If they meane the libertye of fleshe, they accuse him falsely: if they meane the liberty of spirit, they teach wickedly, which teach contrary: and yet when they haue all sayde, none liue so licentiously as themselues. They pretēde the zeale of the Churche, but vnder that churche lieth their owne priuate welfare, and belly cheare. They charge Luth. with disobe∣dience, and none are so disobedient to Magistrates and ci∣uile lawes, as they. They lay to his charge, oppression and spoiling of lay mens goods: and who spoileth the lay mēs liuings, so much as the Pope? For probation whereof, let the Popes accountes be cast,* 1.31 what hee raketh out of euery Christian realme. Briefly, turne only the names of the per∣sons, and in steede of Luthers name, place the name of the Pope, and the effect of this letter aboue prefixed, shal agree vpon none more aptly, then vpon the Pope him selfe, and his owne sectaries. Now to proceede further in the proces of this foresaide matter, let vs see what the Princes againe for their partes answere to these foresaide suggestions and instructions of Pope Adrian, sent vnto them in their diete of Norenberg, in the cause of Luther: the answer of whom here foloweth vnder wrytten.

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