The compleat angler or, The contemplative man's recreation. Being a discourse of fish and fishing, not unworthy the perusal of most anglers.

CHAP. II. (Book 2)

Viat.

My friend Piscator, you have kept time with my thoughts, for the Sun is just rising, and I my self just now come to this place, and the dogs have just now put down an Otter, look down at the bottom of the hil, there in that Meadow, che∣quered with water Lillies and Lady∣smocks, there you may see what work they make: look, you see all busie, men and dogs, dogs and men, all busie.

Pisc.

Sir, I am right glad to meet you, and glad to have so fair an entrance into this dayes sport, and glad to see so many dogs, and more men all in pursuit of the Otter; lets complement no longer, but joine unto them; come honest Viator, lets

be gone, lets make haste, I long to be doing; no reasonable hedge or ditch shall hold me.

Viat.

Gentleman Huntsman, where found you this Otter?

Hunt.

Marry (Sir) we found her a mile off this place a fishing; she has this morning eaten the greatest part of this Trout, she has only left thus much of it as you see, and was fishing for more; when we came we found her just at it: but we were here very early, we were here an hour before Sun-rise, and have given her no rest since we came: sure she'l hardly escape all these dogs and men. I am to have the skin if we kill him.

Viat.

Why, Sir, whats the skin worth?

Hunt.

'Tis worth ten shillings to make gloves; the gloves of an Ot∣ter are the best fortification for your hands against wet weather that can be thought of.

Pis.

I pray, honest Huntsman, let me ask you a pleasant question, Do you hunt a Beast or a fish?

H.

Sir, It is not in my power to re∣solve you; for the question has been debated among many great Clerks, and they seem to differ about it; but most agree, that his tail is fish: and if his body be fish too, then I may say, that a fish will walk upon land (for an Otter does so) sometimes five or six, or ten miles in a night. But (Sir) I can tell you certainly, that he devours much fish, and kils and spoils much more: And I can tell you, that he can smel a fish in the water one hundred yards from him (Gesner sayes, much farther) and that his stones are good against the Falling-sickness: and that there is an herb Benione, which being hung in a linen cloth near a Fish Pond, or any haunt that he uses, makes him to avoid the place, which proves he can smell both by water and land.

And thus much for my knowledg of the Otter, which you may now see above water at vent, and the dogs close with him; I now see he will not last long, follow therefore my Masters, follow, for Sweetlips was like to have him at this vent.

Via.

Oh me, all the Horse are got over the river, what shall we do now?

Hun.

Marry, stay a little & follow, both they and the dogs will be sud∣denly on this side again, I warrant you, and the Otter too it may be: now have at him with Ki lbuck, for he vents again.

Via.

Marry so he is, for look he vents in that corner. Now, now Ringwood has him. Come bring him to me. Look, 'tis a Bitch Otter upon my word, and she has lately whelped, lets go to the place where she was put down, and not far from it, you will find all her young ones, I dare war∣rant you: and kill them all too.

Hunt.

Come Gentlemen, come all, lets go to the place where we put downe the Otter; look you, hereabout it was that shee ken∣nell'd; look you, here it was indeed, for here's her young ones, no less then five: come lets kill them all.

Pisc.

No, I pray Sir; save me one, and I'll try if I can make her tame, as I know an ingenuous Gentleman in Leicester-shire has* 1.1 done; who hath not only made her tame, but to catch fish, and doe many things of much plea∣sure.

Hunt.

Take one with all my heart; but let us kill the rest. And now lets go to an honest Alehouse and sing Old Rose, and rejoice all of us together.

Viat.

Come my friend, let me invite you along with us; I'll bear your charges this night, and you shall beare mine to morrow;

for my intention is to accom∣pany you a day or two in fishing.

Pisc.

Sir, your request is granted, and I shall be right glad, both to exchange such a cour∣tesie, and also to enjoy your com∣pany.

Viat.

Well, now lets go to your sport of Angling.

Pisc.

Lets be going with all my heart, God keep you all, Gentlemen, and send you meet this day with another bitch Otter, and kill her merrily, and all her young ones too.

Viat.

Now Piscator, where wil you begin to fish?

Pisc.

We are not yet come to a likely place, I must walk a mile fur∣ther yet before I begin.

Viat.

Well then, I pray, as we walk, tell me freely how do you like my Hoste, and the company? is not mine Hoste a witty man?

Pisc.

Sir, To speak truly, he is not to me; for most of his con∣ceits were either Scripture-jests, or lascivious jests; for which I count no man witty: for the Divel will help a man that way inclin'd, to the first, and his own corrupt nature (which he alwayes carries with him) to the latter. But a companion that feasts the company with wit and mirth, and leaves out the sin (which is usually mixt with them) he is the man: and indeed, such a man should have his charges born: and to such company I hope to bring you this night; for at Trout-Hal, not far from this place, where I purpose to lodg to night, there is usually an Angler that proves good company.

But for such discourse as we heard last night, it infects o∣thers; the very boyes will learn to talk and swear as they heard mine Host, and another of the company that shall be nameless; well, you

know what example is able to do, and I know what the Poet sayes in the like case:

— Many a one Owes to his Country his Religion: And in another would as strongly grow, Had but his Nurse or Mother taught him so.

This is reason put into Verse, and worthy the consideration of a wise man. But of this no more, for though I love civility, yet I hate severe cen∣sures: I'll to my own Art, and I doubt not but at yonder tree I shall catch a Chub, and then we'll turn to an honest cleanly Ale house that I know right well, rest our selves, and dress it for our dinner.

via.

Oh, Sir, a Chub is the worst fish that swims, I hoped for a Trout for my dinner.

Pis.

Trust me, Sir, there is not a like∣ly place for a Trout hereabout, and we staid so long to take our leave of

your Huntsmen this morning, that the Sun is got so high, and shines so clear, that I will not undertake the catching of a Trout till evening; and though a Chub be by you and many others reckoned the worst of all fish, yet you shall see I'll make it good fish by dressing it.

Viat.

Why, how will you dress him?

Pisc.

I'l tell you when I have caught him: look you here, Sir, do you see? (but you must stand very close) there lye upon the top of the water twenty Chubs: I'll catch on∣ly one, and that shall be the biggest of them all: and that I will do so, I'll hold you twenty to one.

viat.

I marry, Sir, now you talk like an Artist, and I'll say, you are one, when I shall see you perform what you say you can do; but I yet doubt it.

Pisc.

And that you shall see me do presently; look, the biggest of these

Chubs has had some bruise upon his tail, and that looks like a white spot; that very Chub I mean to catch; sit you but down in the shade, and stay but a little while, and I'l warrant you I'l bring him to you.

viat.

I'l sit down and hope well, because you seem to be so confi∣dent.

Pisc.

Look you Sir, there he is, that very Chub that I shewed you, with the white spot on his tail; and I'l be as certain to make him a good dish of meat, as I was to catch him. I'l now lead you to an honest Ale∣house, where we shall find a cleanly room, Lavender in the windowes, and twenty Ballads stuck about the wall; there my Hostis (which I may tel you, is both cleanly and conveniently handsome (has drest many a one for me, and shall now dress it after my fashion, and I war∣rant it good meat.

viat.

Come Sir, with all my heart,

for I begin to be hungry, and long to be at it, and indeed to rest my self too; for though I have walk'd but four miles this morning, yet I be∣gin to be weary; yester dayes hunt∣ing hangs stil upon me.

Pisc.

Wel Sir, and you shal quick∣ly be at rest, for yonder is the house I mean to bring you to.

Come Hostis, how do you? wil you first give us a cup of your best Ale, and then dress this Chub, as you drest my last, when I and my friend were here about eight or ten daies ago? but you must do me one courtesie, it must be done instant∣ly.

Host.

I wil do it, Mr. Piscator, and with all the speed I can.

Pisc.

Now Sir, has not my Ho∣stis made haste? and does not the fish look lovely?

viat.

Both, upon my word Sir, and therefore lets say Grace and fall to eating of it.

Pisc.

Well Sir, how do you like it?

viat.

Trust me,'tis as good meat as ever I tasted: now let me thank you for it, drink to you, and beg a courtesie of you; but it must not be deny'd me.

Pisc.

What is it, I pray Sir? you are so modest, that me thinks I may promise to grant it before it is asked.

viat.

Why Sir, it is that from henceforth you will allow me to call you Master, and that really I may be your Scholer, for you are such a companion, and have so quickly caught, and so excellently cook'd this fish, as makes me ambitious to be your scholer.

Pisc.

Give me your hand: from this time forward I wil be your Ma∣ster, and teach you as much of this Art as I am able; and will, as you desire me, tel you somewhat of the nature of some of the fish which we

are to Angle for; and I am sure I shal tel you more then every Angler yet knows.

And first I will tel you how you shall catch such a Chub as this was;& then how to cook him as this was: I could not have begun to teach you to catch any fish more easily then this fish is caught; but then it must be this particular way, and this you must do:

Go to the same hole, where in most hot days you will finde floting neer the top of the water, at least a dozen or twenty Chubs; get a Gras∣hopper or two as you goe, and get secretly behinde the tree, put it then upon your hook, and let your hook hang a quarter of a yard short of the top of the water, and'tis very likely that the shadow of your rod, which you must rest on the tree, will cause the Chubs to sink down to the bot∣tom with fear; for they be a very fearful fish, and the shadow of a bird

flying over them will make them do so; but they will presently rise up to the top again, and there lie soaring till some shadow affrights them a∣gain: when they lie upon the top of the water, look out the best Chub, which you setting your self in a fit place, may very easily doe, and move your Rod as softly as a Snail moves, to that Chub you intend to catch; let your bait fall gently up∣on the water three or four inches be∣fore him, and he will infallibly take the bait, and you will be as sure to catch him; for hee is one of the leather-mouth'd fishes, of which a hook does scarce ever lose his hold: and therefore give him play enough before you offer to take him out of the water. Go your way presently, take my rod, and doe as I bid you, and I will sit down and mend my tackling till you return back.

viat.

Truly, my loving Master, you have offered mee as fair as I

could wish: Ile goe and observe your directions.

Look you, Master, what I have done; that which joyes my heart; caught just such another Chub as yours was.

Pisc.

Marry, and I am glad of it: I am like to have a towardly Scho∣ler of you. I now see, that with ad∣vice and practice you wil make an Angler in a short time.

Viat.

But Master, What if I could not have found a Grashopper?

Pis.

Then I may tel you, that a black Snail, with his belly slit, to shew his white; or a piece of soft cheese wil usually do as wel; nay, sometimes a worm, or any kind of fly; as the Ant-fly, the Flesh-fly, or Wall-fly, or the Dor or Beetle, (which you may find under a Cow-turd) or a Bob, which you wil find in the same place, and in time wil be a Beetle; it is a short white worm, like to, and bigger then a Gentle; or a Cod-worm,

or Case-worm any of these wil do ve∣ry wel to fish in such a manner. And after this manner you may catch a Trout: in a hot evening, when as you walk by a Brook, and shal see or hear him leap at Flies, then if you get a Grashopper, put it on your hook, with your line about two yards long, standing behind a bush or tree where his hole is, and make your bait stir up and down on the top of the water; you may, if you stand close, be sure of a bit, but not sure to catch him, for he is not a leather mouthed fish: and after this manner you may fish for him with almost a∣ny kind of live Flie, but especial∣ly with a Grashopper.

Viat.

But before you go further, I pray good Master, what mean you by a leather mouthed fish.

Pisc.

By a leather mouthed fish, I mean such as have their teeth in their throat, as the Chub or Cheven, and so the Barbel, the Gudgion and

Carp, and divers others have; and the hook being stuck into the leather or skin of such fish, does very sel∣dome or never lose its hold: But on the contrary, a Pike, a Pearch, or Trout, and so some other fish which have not their teeth in their throats, but in their mouthes, which you shal observe to be very full of bones, and the skin very thin, and little of it: I say, of these fish the hook nevertakes so sure hold, but you often lose the fish unless he have gorg'd it.

Viat.

I thank you good Master for this observation; but now what shal be done with my Chub or Che∣ven that I have caught.

Pisc.

Marry Sir, it shall be given away to some poor body, for Ile warrant you Ile give you a Trout for your supper; and it is a good be∣ginning of your Art to offer your first fruits to the poor, who will both thank God and you for it.

And now lets walk towards the water again, and as I go Ile tel you when you catch your next Chub, how to dresse it as this was.

viat.

Come (good Master) I long to be going and learn your directi∣on.

Pisc.

You must dress it, or see it drest thus: When you have sca∣led him, wash him very cleane, cut off his tail and fins; and wash him not after you gut him, but chine or cut him through the middle as a salt fish is cut, then give him four or five scotches with your knife, broil him upon wood-cole or char-cole; but as he is broiling, baste him of∣ten with butter that shal be choice∣ly good; and put good store of salt into your butter, or salt him gently as you broil or baste him; and bruise or cut very smal into your butter, a little Time, or some other sweet herb that is in the Garden where you eat him: thus used, it takes a∣way

the watrish taste which the Chub or Chevin has, and makes him a choice dish of meat, as you your self know; for thus was that dress'd, which you did eat of to your din∣ner.

Or you may (for variety) dress a Chub another way, and you wil find him very good, and his tongue and head almost as good as a Carps; but then you must be sure that no grasse or weeds be left in his mouth or throat.

Thus you must dress him: Slit him through the middle, then cut him into four pieces; then put him into a pewter dish, and cover him with another, put into him as much White Wine as wil cover him, or Spring water and Vinegar, and store of Salt, with some branches of Time, and other sweet herbs; let him then be boiled gently over a Chafing-dish with wood coles, and when he is almost boiled enough, put

half of the liquor from him, not the top of it; put then into him a con∣venient quantity of the best butter you can get, with a little Nutmeg grated into it, and sippets of white bread: thus ordered, you wil find the Chevin and the sauce too, a choice dish of meat: And I have been the more careful to give you a perfect direction how to dress him, because he is a fish undervalued by many, and I would gladly restore him to some of his credit which he has lost by ill Cookery.

Viat.

But Master, have you no other way to catch a Cheven, or Chub?

Pisc.

Yes that I have, but I must take time to tel it you hereafter; or indeed, you must learn it by observa∣tion and practice, though this way that I have taught you was the easi∣est to catch a Chub, at this time, and at this place. And now weare come again to the River; I wil (as

the Souldier sayes) prepare for skir∣mish; that is, draw out my Tack∣ling, and try to catch a Trout for supper.

Viat.

Trust me Master, I see now it is a harder matter to catch a Trout then a Chub; for I have put on pa∣tience, and followed you this two hours, and not seen a fish stir, nei∣ther at your Minnow nor your Worm.

Pisc.

Wel Scholer, you must indure worse luck sometime, or you will never make a good Angler. But what say you now? there is a Trout now, and a good one too, if I can but hold him; and two or three turns more will tire him: Now you see he lies still, and the sleight is to land him: Reach me that Landing net: So (Sir) now he is mine own, what say you? is not this worth all my labour?

Viat.

On my word Master, this is a gallant Trout; what shall

we do with him?

Pisc.

Marry ee'n eat him to sup∣per: We'l go to my Hostis, from whence we came; she told me, as I was going out of door, that my brothet Peter, a good Angler, and a cheerful companion, had sent word he would lodg there to night, and bring a friend with him. My Host∣is has two beds, and I know you and I may have the best: we'l re∣joice with my brother Peter and his friend, tel tales, or sing Ballads, or make a Catch, or find some harmless sport to content us.

Viat.

A match, good Master, lets go to that house, for the linnen looks white, and smels of Lavender, and I long to lye in a pair of sheets that smels so: lets be going, good Master, for I am hungry again with fishing.

Pisc.

Nay, stay a little good Scholer, I caught my last Trout with a worm, now I wil put on a Minow

and try a quarter of an hour about yonder trees for another, and so walk towards our lodging. Look you Scholer, thereabout we shall have a bit presently, or not at all: Have with you (Sir!) on my word I have him. Oh it is a great logger∣headed Chub: Come, hang him up∣on that Willow twig, and let's be going. But turn out of the way a little, good Scholer, towards yon∣der high hedg: We'l sit whilst this showr falls so gently upon the teem∣ing earth, and gives a sweeter smel to the lovely slowers that adorn the verdant Meadows.

Look, under that broad Beech tree I sate down when I was last this way a fishing, and the birds in the adjoin∣ing, Grove seemed to have a friend∣ly contention with an Echo, whose dead voice seemed to live in a hol∣low cave, near to the brow of that Primrose hil; there I sate viewing the Silver streams glide silently towards

their center, the tempestuous Sea, yet sometimes opposed by rugged roots, and pibble stones, which broke their waves, and turned them into some: and sometimes viewing the harmless Lambs, some leaping securely in the cool shade, whilst o∣thers sported themselvs in the cheer∣ful Sun; and others were craving comfort from the swolne Udders of their bleating Dams. As I thus sate, these and other sighs had so fully possest my soul, that I thought as the Poet has happily expre〈…〉〈…〉t it:

I was for that time lifted above earth; And possest joyes not promis'd in my birth.

As I left this place, and entered into the next field, a second pleasure entertained me, 'twas a handsome Milk-m〈…〉〈…〉id, that had cast away all care, and sung like a Nightingale; her voice was good, and the Ditty fitted for it; 'twas that smooth Song

which was made by Kit Marlow, now at least fifty years ago; and the Milk maids mother sung an answer to it, which was made by Sir Walter Ra∣leigh in his yonger dayes.

They were old fashioned Poetry, but choicely good, I think much better then that now in fashion in this Critical age. Look yonder, on my word, yonder they be both a milking again: I wil give her the Chub, and perswade them to sing those two songs to us.

Pisc.

God speed, good woman, I have been a fishing, and am going to Bleak Hall to my bed, and having caught more fish then wil sup my self and friend, wil bestow this upon you and your daughter, for I use to sel none.

Milkw.

Marry God requite you Sir, and we'l eat it cheerfully: wil you drink a draught of red Cows milk?

Pisc.

No, I thank you:but I pray

do us a courtesie that shal stand you and your daughter in nothing, and we wil think our selves stil something in your debt; it is but to sing us a Song, that that was sung by you and your daughter, when I last past over this Meadow, about eight or nine dayes since.

Milk.

what Song was it, I pray? was it, ComeShepherds deck your heads: or, As at noon Dulcina rested: or Phi∣lida flouts me?

Pisc.

No, it is none of those: it is a Song that your daughter sung the first part, and you sung the answer to it.

Milk.

O I know it now, I learn'd the first part in my golden age, when I was about the age of my daughter, and the later part, which indeed fits me best, but two or three years ago; you shal, God willing, hear them both. Come Maudlin, sing the first part to the Gentlemen with a merrie heart, and Ile sing the second.

The Milk maids Song.

Come live with me, and be my Love, And we wil all the pleasures prove That vallies, Groves, or hils, or fields, Or woods and steepie mountains yeelds.

Where we will sit upon the Rocks, And see the Shepherds feed our flocks, By shallow Rivers, to whose falls Mellodious birds sing madrigals.

And I wil make thee beds of Roses, And then a thousand fragrant posies, A cap of flowers and a Kirtle, Imbroidered all with leaves of Mirtle.

A Gown made of the finest wool Which from our pretty Lambs we pull, Slippers lin'd choicely for the cold, With buckles of the purest gold.

A belt of straw and ivie buds, With Coral clasps, and Amber studs:

And if these pleasures may thee move, Come live with me, and be my Love.

The Shepherds Swains shal dance and sing For thy delight each May morning: If these delights thy mind may move, Then live with me, and be my Love.

Via.

Trust me Master, it is a choice Song, and sweetly sung by honest Maudlin: Ile bestow Sir Thomas O∣verbury's Milk maids wish upon her, That she may dye in the Spring, and have good store of flowers stuck round about her winding sheet.

The Milk maids mothers answer.

If all the world and love were young, And truth in every Shepherds tongue? These pretty pleasures might me move, To live with thee, and be thy love.

But time drives flocks from field to fold: When rivers rage and rocks grow cold,

And Philomel becometh dumb, The Rest complains of cares to c ome.

The Flowers do fade, and wanton fields To wayward Winter reckoning yeilds. A honey tongue, a heart of gall, Is fancies spring, but sorrows fall.

Thy gowns, thy shooes, thy beds of Roses, Thy Cap, thy Kirtle, and thy Posies, Soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten, In folly ripe, in reason rotten.

Thy belt of straw and Ivie buds, Thy Coral clasps and Amber studs, All these in me no means can move To come to thee, and be thy Love.

But could youth last, and love stil breed, Had joyes no date, nor age no need; Then those delights my mind might move To live with thee, & be thy love.

Pisc.

Wel sung, good woman, I thank you, I'l give you another dish

of fish one of these dayes, and then beg another Song of you. Come Scholer, let Maudlin alone, do not you offer to spoil her voice. Look, yonder comes my Hostis to cal us to supper. How now? is my brother Peter come?

Host.

Yes, and a friend with him, they are both glad to hear you are in these parts, and long to see you, and are hungry, and long to be at supper.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Mr. Nich. Seagrave.