Of education, especially of young gentlemen in two parts, the second impression with additions.

CHAP. III. Of the Educator.

1. THE Fathers greatest diligence is seen in chusing a good Governor, or Director of his Son. A good Educator therefore, whether one be to be chosen, or any one desires to ren∣der himself such, being instead of a Father to his charge, ought to be; First, religious, virtu∣ous, and grave, both himself and family; that he may give good example, and not need to fear that his Scholar resemble him. He must therefore be sure to live with greater severity then he exacts of his charge. Then also may he hope by his prayers to obtain a blessing upon his endeavours; and (performing his duty as in the sight of God) to give up his accounts cheer∣fully, and receive his reward from him.

2. PRUDENT, and discreet, as in all o∣ther things, so especially in observing the Childs disposition, and to know what it will produce. For many times the medicine is to be applied to the disease, not to the symptome. Not too se∣vere, nor too indulgent; not too austere, least he affright; nor too familiar least he become contem∣ptible to his charge. For young men understand not much the reason of his demeanor. He must praise without flattery, chide without con∣tumely, and correct without passion; be cheerful without levity, affable without fawning, grave without morosity, and merry without folly.

3. PATIENT, humble, and meek, to pass-by, dissemble, and bear with, many impertinen∣cies, dulnesses, forgetfulnesses: to endure many affronts, contempts, passions, and sometimes very evil words. Not to despond, though success answer not his Industry; for Almighty God gives grace when he pleaseth, nor doth all seed im∣mediatly sprout: however he shall be rewarded not according to the others proficiency, but his own industry and sincerity.

4. MASTER of his tongue, for that is his great and universal instrument. Besides, the speech of the Master authoriseth the Childs imi∣tation. He must therefore religiously avoid, not only all wicked, profane, and obscene; but also all undecent, all passionate, all hyperboli∣cal, superfluous, customary, vain, speeches; knowing that the greatest reverence is due to Children.

5. DILIGENT, making it his busines to assist and better his charge, to observe all his motions and speeches; for tho all cannot be amended at once, yet no default is to pass un∣regarded; least that connivance authorize the com∣mitting it, and the frequent committing produce an habit. Yet let him not so trust to his own Industry, as not by continual prayer, to recom∣mend his employment to the giver of success.

6. NOT covetous. Especially let him not fan∣cy to himself the making advantage by insinu∣ating into the interest of his charge, for that breeds jealousies at least: nor into his affections, for their gratitude is writ in sand, and their

passions change with new objects. Besides, af∣ter a while he will be look'd upon as imperti∣nent, and exercising ridiculously an obsolete power. If, besides these qualifications, he have experience of forreign parts; if he understand learn∣ing and sciences; if wel-born, of a good presence, and address, and wear his clothes hansomely, it will admit him into the respect of his charge, and facilitate the performance of his Duty.

7. IN all times, great care was taken for pro∣viding good Educators; for they said, it was better to prevent vices, then punish them. And in most States the Magistrates appointed them; nor was it lawful amongst many Nations for Parents to employ any others, or educate their Children, but in public. The Canons of most Churches, since Christianity, have charged that election upon the Bishops: and that with so much reason and prudence, that the contrary practice hath once, and is even now ready, to endanger the ruin of this Government. The An∣cient Persians (despairing to find all requisite ac∣complishments in one) had usually four distinct persons to educate their Princes: one supreme, who had the general inspection over both Ma∣sters and Scholar; another eminent for sanctity and virtue, to teach him Religion, Honor and Justice: a third for learning, to principle him in knowledg and wisdome: and a fourth to perfect him in his carriage, valour, exercise of Armes and Chivalry. And, tho this be a∣bove the capacity and reach of most subjects; yet by this every one may see what is perfectest, toward which he may advance as his estate will bear. And let them be sure of this, that if they

will have the best Educators, they must libe∣rally encourage them; for worthy persons will not labour without considerable rewards, both of means and respect. Besides, the gratitude of Princes, and great Persons to their Educa∣tors, invites others to fit themselvs, and to un∣dergo that laborious and hazardous employment. Alexander the Great built up Stagyra for Ari∣stotles sake, and spared Lampsacus for Anaxime∣nes's. Augustus bestowed great honours upon the person and Country of Apollodorus; and forgave the Alexandrians, to gratify Areus his Master in Philosophy. Trajan dignified his Master Plu∣tark with the Consulship. Memorable is the piety of M. Aurelius, who made Proculus Pro∣consul; and took Junius Rusticus with him in all his expeditions, advised with him of all his both publick and private businesses, saluted him before the Praefecti-Praetorio, designed him to be second time Consul, and after his death ob∣tained from the Senate publicly to erect a sta∣tue to his memory. Tantum autem honoris Ma∣gistris suis detulit, ut imagines eorum aureas in lara∣rio haberet, ac sepulchra eorum aditu, hostiis, flo∣ribus semper honoraret, saith Capitolinus. See the gratitude of Gratianus to his Educator Ausonius in his Epistle to him. Carolus Magnus exceed∣ingly honoured Alcuinus; as did also Theodorick Cassiodorus, making him his Counceller and Con∣fident. So did Otho III. Gerbertus; for whose sake, & ut habeat Magister quid Principi nostro Petro à parte sui Discipuli offerat, Otho gave to the Church, to be disposed of by his Gover∣nour, eight Comitatus, or Counties, Pesaurum, Fanum, &c. Will. Rufus made Lanfranc Arch∣bishop of Canterbury. Laur. Medices greatly en∣riched

Joh. Argyropilus, and Marsilius Ficinus his Educators. And truely it seems to me, that one of the greatest advantages of wealth is, that thereby may be procured better Education, then those can have, who are not able to requite a worthy person.