The ornithology of Francis Willughby of Middleton in the county of Warwick Esq, fellow of the Royal Society in three books : wherein all the birds hitherto known, being reduced into a method sutable to their natures, are accurately described : the descriptions illustrated by most elegant figures, nearly resembling the live birds, engraven in LXXVII copper plates : translated into English, and enlarged with many additions throughout the whole work : to which are added, Three considerable discourses, I. of the art of fowling, with a description of several nets in two large copper plates, II. of the ordering of singing birds, III. of falconry / by John Ray ...

[illustration]

TAB. 1.

Chrysaëtos Gesneri. The Golden Eagle.

Haliaetus Clufij Ossifraga Aldrov. The Sea Eagle or Osprey.

[illustration]

TAB. II.

Morphno congener Aldrov.

Melanaetus seu Aquila Valeria Aldrov. The Black Eagle.

[illustration]

TAB. III.

Accipiter Palumbarius a Goshawk.

Vrubu Marggrau.

Aesalon a Merlin.

Buteo Apirorus The Honey Buzzard.

[illustration]

TAB. IV

Vultur. The Vulture.

Vrutaurana Marggr.

Gypaetos Aldr.

Vultur aureus. The golden Vulture.

[illustration]

TAB. V.

Tinnunculus The Kestrell

Accipiter fringillarius The Sparrow Hawk

Accipiter Palumbarius The Goshawk.

[illustration]

TAB. VI.

Balbusardus Anglorum.

Anataria seu Morphnos Gesri. The Bald Buzzard.

Buteo. The Buzzard.

Milvus caudâ forcipata. The Kite or Glead.

[illustration]

TAB VII

Milvus aruginosus Aldrov. The moor Buzzard

Pygargus The Hen harrier

Subbuteo Aldrov The Hobby.

[illustration]

TAB. VIII

Falco peregrinus. The Peregrine or haggard Falcon.

Gyrfalco. The Gerfalcon.

[illustration]

TAB. IX.

Falco montanus secundus Aldrov. The mountain Falcon. f.2.

Falco ruber Indicus. prior Aldrov. The Red Indian Falcon.

Caracara Marggrav

[illustration]

TAB. X.

Lanius cinereus major The greater Butcher bird.

Collurio Seu Lanius minor The lesser Butcher bird

Cuculus The Cuckow

[illustration]

TAB. XI.

Birds of Paradise of Severall Sorts.

Manucodiata 1^a. Aldrov. The Bird of Paradise.

Manucodiata 2^a. Aldr.

Manucodiata Wormij.

Manucodiata altera Nieremb:

[illustration]

TAB. XII.

Bubo. The Great Eagle Owle.

Otus sive Asio. The Horn-Owle.

Scops Aldrov. The little Horn Owle.

[illustration]

TAB. XIII.

Aluco.

Ululu The Grey Owle

Noctu mini∣ma.

Noctua.

[illustration]

TAB. XIIII.

Strix Aldrov. the Brown or Screech Owl.

Cuprimulgus The Goat sucker or Churn Owl.

Ibijau sive Noitibo ma∣jor & minor Marggr.

Guiraquerea Marg∣grav.

Hirundo apus The black Martin or Swift.

[illustration]

TAB. XV.

Psittacus albus cristatus. The white crested Parrot.

Psittacus max∣cyanocroceus Ald. The Macao.

[illustration]

TAB. XVI.

Psittacus mediae mag∣nitudinis. A common Parrot.

Psittacus A Parrot.

Psittacus minor macrouros. A Perocheeto.

[illustration]

TAB. XVII.

Rhinocerotis avis Rostrum 1^a. varietas.

2^a varietas.

Rhinocerotis Aldrov. caput.

Corvus Indicus.

[illustration]

TAB. XVIII.

Corvus. The Raven.

Cornix nigra The Crow.

Cornix frugilega. The Rook.

Cornix cinerea. The Royston Crow.

[illustration]

TAB XIX

Lupus sive Monedula The Jackdaw

Coracias Aldrov The Cornish Chough

Pica varia seu caud•••••• The Magpie or Pianet

Pica glandaria. The Jay.

[illustration]

TAB. XX.

Garrulus Argentoratensis The Roller.

Garrulus Bohemicus.

Pica Brasiliensis Touam.

Caryocatactes.

[illustration]

TAB. XXI.

Picus maximus niger The great black Woodpecker.

Picus viridis The common green Woodpecker or Woodspite.

Caput Pici dissec∣tum.

Picus varius minor The lesser spotted Woodpecker.

Picus varius major The greater spotted Woodpecker.

[illustration]

TAB. XXII.

Iynx sive Torquilla. The wryneck.

Ipecu Marggrav.

Iacamaciri Marggr.

Curucui. Marggrav.

Iyngi congener.

Guira acangatara. Marggrav.

Aracari Marggr.

[illustration]

TAB XXIII

Guiratungeima Marggrav.

Iapu Seu Iupujuba Marg:

Sitta seu Picus cinereus The Nuthatch.

Ficedula cannabina.

Picus murarius Aldrov. The wall-creeper or Spider catcher.

Certhia The Ox-ey Creeper.

[illustration]

TAB. XXIV

Merula aquatica The Water Ouzell.

Upupa The Hoopoe.

Ispida. The Kingfisher.

Merops. The Bee-eater.

Guira guainumbi.

Iaguacali guacu.

[illustration]

TAB. XXV.

Struthio camelus The Ostrich.

Emeu The Cassowary.

[illustration]

TAB XXVI

Gallus gallinaceus. The Dunghill Cock.

Gallus ex Persia. A Rumkin.

Gallina domestica. The Hen.

Gallina Guinea The Guiny Hen.

Gallina pumilio. A Dwarf hen.

Macacagua. Margrav.

[illustration]

TAB XXVII

Dodo.

Pavo The Peacock.

Gallo pavo. The Turkey.

Gallina Africana.

[illustration]

TAB XXVIII

Phasianus mas A Cock Pheasant.

Mitu.

Mituporangae caput.

Jacupema

Perdix cinerea The Com̄on Partridge

[illustration]

TAB. XXVIIII.

Perdix Damascena. The Damascus Partridge.

Perdix ruffa. The red-leg'd Partridg.

Ortygometra. The Rail or Daker hen.

Coturnix. The Quail.

Coturnix foemina. A Hen Quail.

Coturnix Indica Bontij.

Perdix rubra.

[illustration]

TAB XXX

Vrogallus Seu-Tetrao major mas. The Cock of the wood or mountain

Vrogallus foemina The Hen of y^e wood or mountain.

[illustration]

TAB. XXXI.

Urogallus sive Tetrao minor The Black game Heath cock or Grows

Attagen Aldrov.

Francolinus Olinoe.

Gallina corylorum. The Hasel hen

[illustration]

TAB. XXXII

Lagopus avis.

Otis sue Tarda avis. The Bustard.

Stella avis Aldrov.

[illustration]

TAB. XXXIII.

Columba domestica major. The great house Dove or Pigeon.

Columba hirsutis pedibus. A rough footed Dove.

Columba Cyproa cucullata. A Iacobine Pigeon.

Columba Turcica seu Persica. A Persian or Turkey Pigeon.

[illustration]

TAB. XXXIV.

Columba gutturosa A Cropper dove.

Columba hirsutis pedibus A rough-footed Dove.

Columba tabellaria A Carrier-Pigeon.

Columba Numidica seu Cypria a Barbary Pigeon.

Columba domestica major a Runt.

Columba tremula laticauda A broad-tail'd Shaker.

[illustration]

TAB XXXV

Turtur The Turtle Dove

Turtur Indicus Aldrop The Indian Turtle

Palumbus torquatus The Ring Dove

Oenas Aldr The wood Pigeon

[illustration]

TAB. XXXVI

Turtur minimus Barbadensis. The least Barbados Turtle

Turdus viscivorus The Missel-bird.

Merula The Black-bird.

Passer solitarius. The Solitary Sparrow

Merula Saxatilis. The greater Redstart.

Galbula juvenis.

[illustration]

TAB. XXXVII.

urdus sim∣pliciter dictus. The Mavis or Song Thrush.

Turdus pilaris. The Fieldfare.

Merula. The Blackbird.

Passer solitarius mas Aldrov.

Mreula torquata. The Ring Ouzell.

Sturnus. The Stare or Starling.

[illustration]

TAB. XXXVIII

Merula Saxatilis Aldrov. The Rock Ouzell.

Sturnus Indicus Bontij. The Indian Stare

Guira punga.

Oriolus Seu Galbula.

Pitangaguacu Marggr.

Atinga guacu mucu Marg∣grav.

Matuitui Marggr

[illustration]

TAB XXXVIIII.

Hirundo apus. The black Martin or Swift.

Hirundo domestica. The common house Swallow.

Hirundo agrestis seu rustica. The Martin or Martlet.

Hirundo riparia. The Bank Martin.

Ruticilla. the Redstart.

Rubecula. The Robin-red Breast.

Hirundo domestica

[illustration]

TAB XL

Emberiza Flava The Yellow hammer

Emberiza alba The Bunting

Hortulanus

Alauda vulgaris The Comōn Lark.

Alauda cristata major The crested Lark.

Tottovilla Olinoe The wood Lark.

[illustration]

TAB. XLI.

Luscinia The Nightingale.

Atricapilla The Black-cap.

Tijeguacuparoara Marggr.

Oenanthe sive vitiflora The white-tail.

Muscipeta 3a. Oenanthe tertia. The Stone-chatter

Guiraguacuberaba.

[illustration]

TAB XLII

Roth beinlein Baltner.

Motacilla alba. The white water wag∣tail.

Regulus cristatus. The copped wren.

Iamacaii Marg¦grav.

Passer troglodytes. The wren.

Regulus non cristatus.

••urissia sive Tomin••io

Mergus Ameri∣cunus.

Guainumbi The Humming bird

[illustration]

TAB. XLIII.

Parus major seu Fringillago The Great Titmouse or Ox-ey

Parus ater The Colemouse.

Parus coeruleus The blew Titmouse or Nun.

Parus palustris The Marsh Titmouse.

Parus cristatus The crested Titmouse

Parus caudatus The long tail's Titmouse

[illustration]

TAB XLIIII.

Coccothraustes The Grosbeak or Haw∣finch.

Coccothraustes Indica cristata. The Virginian Nightingale.

Chloris. The Greenfinch.

Rubicilla. The Bullfinch.

Loxia. The Crosse-bill.

Passer. A Sparrow.

[illustration]

TAB. XLV.

Passer Stultus Olin The Foolish Sparrow

Passer montanus. the mountain Sparrow

Passer Indicus macrourus Aldr. The Long-taild Indian Sparrow.

Fringilla The Chaffinch.

Montifringilla The Brambling

Tijeguacu parvara

[illustration]

TAB. XLVI.

Carduelis The Gouldfinch

Linaria The Linnet

Linaria rubra The Red Linnet.

Ligurinus. The siskin.

Passer Canariensis The Canary Bird.

Avicula Anadavadensis. The Anadavad Bird.

Citrinilla.

Serinus Gesn.

[illustration]

TAB. XLVII.

Iabiru Marggrau.

Iabiru guacu Scurvogell Belgarum.

Anhima Marg∣grav. 2.

Iabiru rostrum Ibidis falsò dictum

[illustration]

TAB XLVIII

Grus The Crane

Aspera arteria in sternu ingressa & reslexa

a. Caput b. divaricatio

Grus Balearica

[illustration]

TAB XLIX

Ardea cinerea major The Common Heron.

Ibis Bellon.

Ardea alba major. The Greate white Heron.

Ardea cinerea minor The Night-raven.

[illustration]

TAB. L.

Ardeae haematopus. Aldr.

Ardeae Stellaris. The Bittern.

Ardeae congener

Squaiotta Aldr.

[illustration]

TAB. LI.

Soco Marggravij

Cocoi Marggravij.

Cariama Brasiliensis Marg.

Ardeola Brasili∣ensis Marg.

Fulica Major The greater Coot.

[illustration]

TAB. LII.

Ciconia alba The Stork.

Ciconia nigra The Black Stork.

Plutea seu Al∣bardeola The SPoon bill.

Ardea stellaris. The Bittern.

[illustration]

TAB. LIII.

Guarauna.

Scolopax. The woodcock.

Gallmago minor The Snipe.

Totanus. The Godwit.

Fedoa altera The Yarwhelp

[illustration]

TAB. LIIII

Arquata. The Curlew.

Curucaca.

Falcinellus Aldr.

Himantopus

Guara

[illustration]

TAB. LV.

Glottis seu Pluvialis major Ald.

Haematopus Bellonij.

Gallinula erythropus major. The Redshank.

Morinellus. The Dotrell.

Tringa minor. The Sandpiper.

Tringa.

[illustration]

TAB. LVI.

Rotknussel. an Avis pugnax foem.

Callidrys nigra. The Knot.

Cinclus Bellonij.

Avis pugnax mas A Ruffe

Matkneltzell.

Avis pugnax foemina. The Reeve.

[illustration]

TAB. LVII

Pluvialis virulis The green Plover.

Vannellus. The Lapwing.

Pluvialis cinerea. The grey Plover.

Morinellus The Dottrell

Charadrius alter.

Charadrius. The Sea Lark.

[illustration]

TAB LVIII

Morinellus marinus The Sea-Dottrell.

Oedicnemus The Stone Curlew

Gallinula chloropus The waterhen or more-hen.

Iunco avis.

Peliopus Gallinula minor.

Rallus aquati∣cus. The water Rail.

[illustration]

TAB. LIX.

Iacana.

Tamatia.

Colymbus major The greater Loon or Diuer

Fulica The Coot.

Mergulus melanoleucos rostro brevi.

[illustration]

TAB. LX.

Phoenicopterus The Flammant

Trochilus Aldrov.

Rocurvirostra Avosetta Italorum.

[illustration]

TAB. LXI.

Colymbus maximus caudatus. The greatest Loon.

Colymbus cristatus. The crested Diver or Loon.

Colymbus minor. The Didapper or Dobchick.

Colymbus seu Podiripes cinereus. The ash-coloured Loon.

[illustration]

TAB. LXII.

Colymbus maximus stellatus The greatest Speckled Diver or Loon

Os cruris Colymbi The Leg bone of a Diver

Colymbus Arcticus Lumme dictus Worm.

Ipeca guacu.

Majagué.

[illustration]

TAB. LXIII.

Corvus aquaticus. The Cormorant.

Graculus palmipes. The Shagge.

Onocrotalus. The Pelecane.

Anser Bassanus. The Soland Goose.

[illustration]

TAB. LXIV.

Mergus longiroster.

Alca Hoieri The Auk or Rasor-Bill

Merganser. The Goosander.

Mergus cir∣ratus minor.

Albellus. The Smew.

Mergus Bellonij.

[illustration]

TAB. LXV.

Penguin Worm.

Alka Hoieri. The Razor-bill or Auk.

Anas Arctica Clus.

Lomivia Hoieri. The Guillemot.

[illustration]

TAB. LXVI

Larus hijbernus. The Coddy moddy.

Larus griseus maximus. The great grey-Gull.

Larus albo-cinereus torque cinereo

Larus cinereus rostro & pedibus rubris The Pewit.

[illustration]

TAB. LXVII.

Catarracta Aldrov.

Cepphus Aldrov.

Larus major cinereus Balt.

Skua Hoieri.

[illustration]

TAB. LXVIII

Hirundo marina major The greater Sea Swallow

Larus nigro-cinereus palustris.

Motacilla flava. The yellow water wagtail.

Larus niger The Sacre-crow

Larus cinereus Bellon. The Tarrock.

Larus niger sidipes.

Hirundo marina minor. The Lesser Sea Swallow.

[illustration]

TAB. LXIX.

Cygnus. The Swan.

Cygniferi caput. An Elks head.

Brenta. The Brent-goose.

Anser ferus. The wild Goose.

[illustration]

TAB. LXX

Anser Canadensis The Canada Goose.

Tadorna Bellonij The Sheldrake.

Anas niger major The great black Duck.

[illustration]

TAB. LXXI.

Anser Gambensis The Gambo-goose.

Anser cygnoides. The Swan-goose.

Tadorna Bellonij The Sheldrake or Burrough Duck.

[illustration]

TAB. LXXII

Boschus major The wold Duck or Mallard.

The Gadwall or Gray.

Anas fera fusca Penelops veterum. a Pochard.

Penelope Aldr The wigeon.

Anhinga Marggrav.

[illustration]

TAB. L XX III.

Anas caudacuta. The Sea-Pheasant.

Capo rosso. Anas fera fusca min.

Anas Fuligula prima Gesn.

Clangula aspera arteria.

Clangula Gesn. The Golden eye.

[illustration]

TAB LXXIIII

Anas dypeata Germ. The Shoveler.

Anas niger minor. The Scoter.

Querquedula. The Teal.

Querquedula altera. Garganey.

[illustration]

TAB LXXV.

Anser Domesticus The tame Goose.

Ipecati Apoa.

Anas Domestica. The Common tame Duck

Anas Moschata an Cairana Aldrov. The Moscouy Duck.

Anas rostro adunco The Hook-bill'd Duck

[illustration]

TAB. LXXVI.

Anas circia Gesu: the Summer Teal.

Avis Tropicorum the Tropick bird.

Anas S. Cuthberti S^t. Cuthberts Duck.

Larus cinercus minor the Common sea mew or Gull.

[illustration]

TAB LXXVII

Cuculus Prior. the Cuckow.

Cornix cinerea frugilega, the Royston Crow.

Montifringilla major. the Greater Brandling.

Oedicnemus Bellon. the stone Cerlew.

Manucodiata Rex Clus The King of birds of Paradise.

Nidi è ramulis suspensi The 2 Hang-nests

The Rabihorcado.

[illustration]

TAB: LXXVIII

Anas marina caudâ forcipata. The Swallow-taild Sheldrake.

Tamatia Marggravij. An American Waterhen.

The Sheare-Water.

Columba Groon landica. The Greenland Dove.

Corvi Indici rostrum. The bill of an Indian Raven.

[illustration]

Snares for Wood-cocks.

The Crow-nett.

The Italian Lanciatoia

A pair of Day-netts.

[illustration]

The Pantiere Nett.

A Trap Cage for Night-ingales.

The Sparrow Nett.

Catching birds with a setting Dog, and Nett.

A Tunnelling Nett for Partridge.

Tunnelling for Quails.

The Explication of the Letters added to the Figure of the Day-Nets.

A A Shews the bodies of the main Nets, and how they ought to be laid.

B B The tail-lines or hinder-lines stak'd to the earth.

C C The fore-lines likewise stak'd to the earth.

D The Knitting-needle.

E The Bird-stale.

F The Looking-glass-stale.

G The Line that draws the Bird-stale.

H The Line which draws the Glass-stale.

I I The drawing double Lines of the Nets, which pull them over, twelve fathom long at least, but not double above two fathom.

K K K K The stakes which stake down the four nether points of the Nets, and the two Tail Lines.

L L The stakes which stake down the fore-lines.

M The single Line with the wooden Button to pull the Net over with.

O The Mallet of wood.

P The Hatchet.

Q Q The Giggs.