Of Alms. PART II.
1. BUT Christian Charity hath its effect also in Benefits as well as Gentleness and innocence: Give to him that asketh, and from him that would borrow of thee turn* 1.1 not thou away. But when thou dost thine Alms, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 not thy left hand know what thy right hand doth. These are the Precepts of the Lord, for the substance and the manner of Alms, for the quantity and freeness of the donative, and the simplicity of him that gives; to which add those other words of his, Sell your possessions, and give Alms. This* 1.2 Precept with its circumstances was intended as a defensative against Covetousness and Prodigality, and a suppletory to make up the wants, and to make even the breaches of mankind: In which we shall best understand our obligation, if we consider in what proportion we must give Alms, and to what persons, and in what manner.
2. First, For the Quantity, we shall best take an estimate of it, if we remember* 1.3 the portion which God allows to Christians, Having food and raiment, let us be content with it: and our Blessed Saviour at the latter end of this Sermon stirs us up to confidence in God, and not to doubt our provisions, by telling that God feeds the Ravens, and clothes the Lilies, and he will much rather do it to us, he will clothe us and feed us; no more is in the promise, no more is in our need: and therefore whatsoever is beside our needs natural and personal, that is, proportioning our needs to the condition of our life, and exigence of our calling, and quality of our person, all that can be spared from what we modestly and temperately spend in our support, and the supply of our fami∣lies,* 1.4 and other necessary incidents, all that is to be spent in Charity or Religion. He defrauds the poor of their right who detains from them beyond his own necessary, pru∣dent, and convenient supplies, saith S. Hierom: and this is intended to be a retrench∣ment of all vain expences, costly feasts, rich cloaths, pompous retinue, and such 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of expence which of themselves serve no end of piety or just policy, but by wife and temperate persons are esteemed unnecessary, and without which the dignity* 1.5 and just value of the person may still be retained. Whatsoever is vainly spent was the portion of the poor; whatsoever we lose in idle gaming, revelling, and wantonness* 1.6 of prodigality, was designed by Christ to refresh his own bowels, to fill the bellies of* 1.7 the poor; whatsoever lies in our repository useless and superfluous, all that is the poor* 1.8 man's inheritance: and certainly there is not any greater baseness than to suffer a man to perish or be in extreme want of that which God gave me for him, and beyond my own needs. It is unthankfulness to God, it is unmercifulness to the poor, it is impro∣vidence to our selves, it is unfaithfulness in the dispensation of the money of which* 1.9 God made him but the Steward, and his chest the Bank for the exchange and issuing it to the indigent. And he that is unmerciful and unjust is extremely unlike God. But in taking this estimate concerning our 〈◊〉〈◊〉 we are to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 according to the rules of prudence, not making determinations in grains and scruples, but in the greater actions and accountable proportions of our estates. And if any man seeing great ne∣cessities of indigent and calamitous persons shall give beyond his ability, he had the Philippians for his precedent, and he hath God ingaged for his payment, and a greater