Italy in its original glory, ruine, and revival being an exact survey of the whole geography and history of that famous country, with the adjacent islands of Sicily, Malta, &c. : and whatever is remarkable in Rome (the mistress of the world) and all those towns and territories mentioned in antient and modern authors / translated out of the originals for general satisfaction, by Edmund Warcupp, Esquire.

PADOUA.

TO goe from Venice to Padoua, first they take Boat at Venice, and row five Miles upon Sholes in the Gulf of Venice to Lizafusina,* 1.1 so called from a Dutch word corrupted: At which place the direct course of the River Brent, was heretofore by the Lords of Venice ar∣tificially locked up, to the end, that running through those Pools and salt Moors, it might not through time and continual running work down the neighbouring Grounds: which to prevent, there was an Engine erected (called La Rota del Carro) whereby with ex∣cellent Industry, the Barkes, with all their Lading and Merchan∣dize, were drawn up and transposed from out of these Pools, or salt Moors, into the River, and out of the River in like manner into the Pools; which at this time is taken away, and for supply thereof, the water is locked in with four several Flood-gates, the first at Strà, the second at Dolo, the third at Mirà, and the last at Mo∣ranzan. From Lizafusina to Padoua they account four Miles, whereby they travel either in Boats, which are drawn up against the stream of the River, or else by Land. On each side of which River through∣out, appears a large and most fertile Campagna, with a rich soyl, embellished with stately and most sumptuous Palaces, and lovely Gardens, and no lesse beautified with the continual travelling of all sorts of People to and fro. First they arrive at the Country of Ori∣ago, called in Latin Or a lacus, because to this place extend the Moorish Grounds or sholes, thence at Dolo, and then at Strà; Upon the left Hand, stands the great Town of Gambarare, so infinitely populous, that tis almost incredible; In the end they attain at Padoua.

PADOUA the Learned.

The ancient City of Padoua, is seated in the Province belonging

to Venice, called Marca Trivigiana, in the midst of a spacious Plain, having the Sea at Twenty Miles distance on the East and South parts thereof: Towards the West, a large champion Country; And towards the North, the Mountains Euganei; It is of a triangular form, invironed with double Walls, and very deep Ditches; The Venetians have fortified it very much, by the immense Walls and Bulwarks, built by them according to the modern way of Discipline and Judgement in Warr.

We need not produce Testimony from antient Writers, to prove the Antiquity of this City, nor that it was founded by Antenor, Brother of Priam King of Troy, and that it was denominated hereto∣fore Pado, either from Pò, or Patavio of Paphlagonia, because these things are notorious to all; As also that Padoua was Head of the Pro∣vince of Venice, now Marca Trivigiana, or Marquisate of Treves, and that it was ever Friend, and allied to Rome without any kind of sub∣jection, being extremely beloved and estemed, not lesse for their Alliance or Parentage, having their joynt Original from the Famous Troy, than for the many services and kindnesse received from it. Nor find we in any Author, That Padoua was either subjugated, over∣come, or molested by the Romans, but that it alwayes stood free from the Roman Yoke, and that it aided the Republick on many occasi∣ons; And particularly, at that time when Rome was taken by the Galli Sireni, in the Warr against the Umbri, Boi, the Cimbri, and at several other times; So that it well merited and obtained the Fran∣chise and Liberty of Citizens and Comunalty of Rome, and to be in∣scribed in the Fabian Tribe of Rome, without sending thither new Inhabitants, or making it a Colony, from whence the Padouans de∣rived equal voice both Active and Passive, and participated all the highest degrees of that great Sate; And therefore we read in the Histories of Rome, and in those of Padoua, That many Padouan Houses transferred themselves to Rome, & as many Roman Houses to avoid the Civil dissentions translated themselves to Padoua. We may then conclude it to be no great wonder, that we find in so many ancient Writers, and upon so many Marble Stones, the Remembrance of so many Citizens of Padoua that were Roman Consuls, as Quinto At∣tio Capitone, Sesto Papinio Alenio, L. Arontio Primo, L. Stella Poeta, L. Arontio Aquila, Giulio Lupo, L. Giulio Paulo the Expounder of the Law, L. Ascanio Pediano, Trasea Peto, C. Cecinna Peto, Pub. Quartio, and some others. Another Peto was designed Consul, and Peto Honorato was Corrector of Italy, so also many were Ediles, Praetors, Tribunes, Censors, Priests, and chief Bushops. It was then so great and pow∣erful, that they▪ used to muster five Hundred Cavaliers or Horse∣men, And Strabo writes, that they commonly sent to the wars, one Hundred and twenty Thousand Foot Souldiers. It maintain∣ed it self ever glorious and invincible, until the Barbarous Nations made themselvs to be felt in Italy, for at the time of the Roman Empires declination, Padoua also indured the smart, being by the most Potent Attila (the Rod of God) wholly ruinated, and cast down even to the very Foundations; And though after that it was restored by Narsete, yet was it another time destroyed by the Longo∣bardi. But afterwards under Charles the Great and his Successors, it began to fill it self, and to take some small restoration. This Ci∣ty

was governed at first by Consuls, and after with a Podestà, or Provost, at such time as it became under the Power of Eccelli∣no the Tyrant, who treated it most cruelly, which evidently appears; For at this day, neer the Church of Saint Augustine, they shew a great Tower, wherein the Padouans were imprisoned, tormented and slain, nay the Cruelty of this wicked Tyrant so far exceeded, that in one day in the City of Verona, for no other cause than his fantasti∣cal humour, he caused twelve thousand Padouans to be Butchered. Out of the ruines of so many noble Palaces destroyed by him, he intended and begun near the Bridge a new Cittadel for his habita∣tion and security, but he lived not to finish above a fourth part, which is built with walls of a vast thickness with flint-stones squa∣red, with a fair Palace and a proud Tower, which in truth is the most beautifull in all Padoua (and is possessed at present by Il Signor Conte Giacomo Zabarella.) Many notable things are extant in this Ci∣ty, but in particular there is a vault under ground which passeth under the River, and goes even to the Piazza, to the Palace of the Captain, and to the other abovenamed Cittadel. After his death Padoua recovered her Liberty, and became very powerfull, so that she got under her dominion, Vicenza, Verona, Trento, Treviso, Fel∣tre, Belluno, Conegliano, Ceneda, Saravalle, Chioza, and Bassano, with all their Territories, all the good ground among the Fennes, and the greatest part of the Friuli, and other important places; then the Carraresi made themselves Lords thereof, and kept the power a∣bout one hundred yeers; at last the Venetians got the possession, ha∣ving slain Francesco Novello with all his Children, and extinguished the principality of the Carraresi. Through this City runs the River Brent together with the Bacchiglione, which dividing it self into ma∣ny branches gives a great accomodation to the Citizens. One of which branches or Arms they have brought to pass thorow the dike round about the Walls of the City. It affords in great aboundance all necessaries for livelihood, from whence the Proverb arises, Bolognia (Grassa) or wallowes in good cheer, but Padoua (surpassa) sur-passeth it. The bread they make here is the whitest of Italy; And the wine is by Plinie accounted amongst the most noble and excellent. This City hath about it seven gates, many Stone Bridges, five spacious Piazzaes, with many beautiful Edifices as well publick as private: Particularly the Palace used for the civil Law is the proudest in all Europe, if not in all the World, for so much as that it is covered with Lead, without sustaining either of Pillars or Beams, though its bredth is eighty six foot, and length two hundred fifty six. Which Pa∣lace after it had continued a foot 202 yeers being in part ruinated by fire, the Venetian Lords in the yeer 1420 rebuilt with greater splen∣dour. The figure of this Hall is like a Quarry of glass with equal sides, but not right angled, not for the nearness of the Fabrick as some will have it, but because natural reason shewes, that a man standing bolt upright is with much more ease thrown down than when he stands a little drawn backwards, its site is turned to the fower Quarters of Heaven, so that at the Equinoctial the Beams of the Sun at his rising entring through the Eastern Windowes, beat upon the Western Windowes, between which is nothing erected to ob∣struct it: and so upon the contrary. And at the solstice or▪ stay of

the Sun, when it can neither go higher nor lower, the Beams enter thorow the Gates on the South part, and play upon the opposite part; in sum, there is neither Gate or any other part without excellent Art and workmanship. The painting of it represents the influence of the superiour bodies upon the inferiour, divided with the signs of the Zodiack, in imitation of that Circle of Gold which stood in the Sepulcher of Simandio King of Egypt: In this Painting is to be no∣ted the Antient Habits, and amongst others a Priest, who holds a Planet upon his back, which antiently they used large and of rich stuff, from whence it took its name. The Inventer of these Paintings averreth that this was Pietro d'Abano a Padouan, who was a most fa∣mous Philosopher and Astrologer, whom it may well be, since so many yeers before past, that these present Paintings copyed by the hands of certain Florentines, were drawn out from those which were preserved in the Antient Palace, by the hand of Giotto, and really these modern ones are very like to those which in the plain Astrolobe designed by the invention of Pietro d'Abano are treated on by Pierio in the thirty second and thirty ninth book of his hierogli∣ficks. And if the Antients made such a noise and so much ac∣count of the Obelisk which in the Field of Mars in Rome shewed by his shadow the length of the Nights and Days, what shall we say of this Fabrick, wherein are collected so many noble secrets all worthy to be contemplated and admired?

Whosoever hath an appetite in Padoua to behold Paintings let them see the Church of the Confraternity of Saint Antonio, where they'l meet Pictures upon boards drawn by Titian, and other fa∣mous Masters, the Chapel of Saint Luke in the Sanctuary, where may be seen the true effigies of Eccellino the Tyrant, as also in the Font of the Domo or chief Church by the hand of an excellent Lymner. In the remarkeable Hall of the Lords of Zabarella Ve∣raria may be seen pourtrayed the first Subjects of this City, as Antenor its Founder, Volusio the Poet, T. Livio the Historian, Q. Ascanio Pediano the Grammarian, C. Cassio the Tribune, L. Oron∣tio Stella the Poet, and Trasea Peto the Stoick, both Roman consuls, C. Valerio Flaccho the Poet, L. Giulio Paolo the Lawyer, Petro d'Aba∣no the most famous Philosopher and Astrologer, Albetino Mussato the Poet, Doctor and Knight, Alberto Verimitano Theclo, Marsilio Santo Soffia an admirable Physician, Marsilio Mainardino a Philoso∣pher, Astrologer, and a most learned Divine, Bonaventure Pe∣raghino and Francisco Zabarella Cardinals, Bartolomeo Zabarella Arch∣Bishop of Florence, and Giacomo Alvarato the famous expounder of the Law, with a fair history of the most Antient times of Padoua, and the Genealogie of the House of the Zabarelli, with this following subscription:

Elogia haec virorum Illustrium Patavinorum Conditorumque Urbis cum Genealogiâ Nobilis Familiae Zabarellae ex Historiis, Gronicisque Quam brevissimè collecta Joannes Cavaseus fecit, Scripsit in Pariete Presb. Franciscus Maurus Pucivigianus cerebrosus, pinxit Gualterius cura Et impensa Comitis Julii Zabarellae aedium

Domini, Omnes contivanei. MD. XLIX. Idibus Martii.

In private houses may also be found most excellent curiosities, as with the Family of Mantoua, for Marco Mantoua a most emi∣nent Lawyer built a fair Palace in the Street of the Hermits with a delicious Garden annexed, in the first Court whereof stands a great Colossus of Marble, being the figure of Hercules, and above is a stately Library no less replenished with Books, excellent Pictures, pour∣traits of eminent men of the World, and singular sculptures, than with collections of Brass Figures, Marbles, Medals, and o∣ther exquisite things both natural and artificial, which with the said Palace are now possessed by Signor Gasparo Mantoua Doctor of Physick and Nephew of the abovenamed Marco.

Luigi Coradino Doctor of Philosophy and of the Laws, hereto∣fore Reader of the Digests or Volums of the Civil Law in the Uni∣versity, a man of a most quick wit and polite Learning, an excel∣lent disputant, and particularly conversant in antiquities, made a noble collection of Books, Pictures, Sculptures, Medals, antique Brass and Marble Tablets, and other rarities, which for the most part are enjoyed by the Signor Andrea his Son, Doctor of Philosophy and Physick, and Reader in the College, a Virtuoso, who conserves them in their Antient House in the Street called Torecelle.

Gio Domenico Sala Doctor of Philosophy and Physick, most renow∣ned for having been so many yeers Reader in the University, and for having exercised his Profession of Physick with a known reputation, In his Palace which stands in the Street called San Lorenzo hath set up a Study replenished with Books, Pictures, Marbles, Brass pie∣ces, Medals. and other pretious rarities, and in particular he hath there a large and neat Press with shelves all made with Walnut Tree, filled with Vessels of Christal, with all the simple minerals, and other rare and exquisite things, which were collected by the Signor Conte Giacomo Zabarella, Doctor, Reader of the College, and Ca∣non of Padoua, after whose death coming to the hands of Signor Bonifacio Zabarella his Brother, they were by him given to the above∣named Signor Gio: Domenico, in testimony of being his great Friend and Ally, as a gift of most singular estimation.

Benedetto Salvatico Knight, a Philosopher, and Physician, and chief Reader of the University, a most signal person, no less for his Reading than eminency in Physick, hath restored near the Domo or chief Church, his Palace, making there a most stately Gallery, gar∣dens with Fountains, Voleries, and a thousand other excellencies, besides his books and Pictures

The Signor Conte Giacomo Zabaralla Count of Credazza and of the Empire, a most renowned and vituous Person, hath so much labou∣red in the study of History and Antiquities, that meritoriously by the Lear•…•…edst Pens he is styled the Restorer of Antiquity and renewer of things devouted by time, being as well read in the Genealogie of Princes and other Illustrious Families, a work as may be said with∣out compare; Besides that he hath found out the Invention to bla∣son Coa•…•…s of Gentility to a great perfection, with the right Li∣nage and the equal compartments. The works composed by him

give a sufficient assurance that a high value is justly put upon him, whereof are extant the Genealogie of Antenore, Agamemnon, Trasea Peto, Orontio Stella, Brandeburgica, Polonica, Auraica, and the Uni∣versal Genalogie of those Princes, and of many Illustrious Families, the relation of so many Originals of Gentility, the Histories of Conterina, Cornera, Zena, Quirina, Bemba, Michiela, and other, his histories of the City, and Families of Padoua, the glories of Venice, with many discourses, Orations, Elogies and other workes much esteemed by the Learned; He hath in the Street called Coda the whole length of his Palace erected a most noble Library, wherein besides that there are great Quantities of Books, of Histories, of Humanity, and other Learning all most choice, so also are there a good number of Manuscripts in Paper and Parchment, whereof many are set in gold with exquisite Limning in Vermillion, many whereof were never printed, whose very Originals he is Master of: Moreover, he hath the Chronicles of Padoua as well those that are in print as in manuscript; as also many of Venice and other Cities: And besides these in a Press of Nut-Tree of a notable Largeness and Workman∣ship he hath collected many Marbles, Brass pieces and other things natural and Artificial, Antient and Modern, of great value, as also a quantity of antient Medals, and of the later Princes both of Gold and Silver, and other Metals, which are of a sufficient va∣lew, besides many rare Pictures by the hand of the chief Men of the past Ages, and the authentique pourtraies of Francesco Cardi∣nal, Bartolomeo & Paulo Archbishops, Orlando and Lorenzo Bishops, all of the house of Zabarella, and likewise of the Counts Giaccomo the elder, Giulio and Giacomo the Philosopher, and of other eminent men of his house; He also preserves the great privileges granted to his house by many Popes, Emperors, Kings and Princes, with the Key of gold given by Massiminian the first, Emperor, to the said Count Giacomo his Ancestors, he likewise preserves many Antient and notable Seals of his Ancestors, wherewith they used to seal the privileges of those Counts, Knights, Doctors, and Notaries which were created by them, together also with many other most incom∣parable excellencies both concerning his own Family and many others.

Monsignior Giacomo Filippo Tomassini Bishop of Citta Nova, in the Street called Ponte de Tadi, hath his Palace restored and signalized by the Signor Paulo his Brother long since Doctor of Laws and the first Advocate of his Age in his Countrey lately deceased with a universal sorrow. This Signor is generally esteemed for a most vir∣tuous person, a Philosopher, a Divine, an Astrologer, an Histo∣rian, and a Humanist, in all which he hath justified his Judgment by those most Elegant Books he hath wrote upon all these subjects, so much approved by the Virtuous: His Study excels no less in Books, Pictures, Medals and other things of valew, Than in the signal Library of the works of the Lawes left him by his said Brother.

The Signor Conte Giovanni de Lazara, Knight of the Order of Saint Stephen, Son to the Signor Conte Nicolo Knight of the same Order, hath no less honoured his Country by his Nobility and Virtue, than for his eminency in the knowlege of the Antiquities of it, and many other Countreys: whereto he hath added a Collection of divers

manuscripts of great esteem, as also a good quantity of Medals and other things of price, among which the antient Seal of the Padouan Republick (whereof Scardevone in the 12 folio takes notice) is great∣ly valued: Besides on one side of his Palace (which is one of the fairest of the City) he hath drawn a Border whereon are set the Pourtraies of many Lords and Princes the Predecessors, and Parents of his Family.

The Signor Sartorio Orsato Doctor in Philosophy and Phy∣sick, Son of the Signor Orsato Knight of Saint Mark, an eminent Subject in his Countrey, is a young Student not less read and expert in Philosophy and Physick than in History, Humanity, and Antiqui∣ties, and in his brave house in the Street of Saint Francesco, hath made a Collection of the best Books and squares, with a good number of Medals, Marbles, brass pieces and other singularities of great Price: who having composed several works both in Prose and verse, as well in the Latine as Italian Language, to add to the fame and beauty of this his house, collects all the Antiquities of Marble Stone that can be sound and obtayned in this Countrey.

The Signor Francesco Orsato his Parent or Ally having his handsom structure near the Piazza Forzate, is a Gentleman virtuous and of no less noble Spirit, skilfull in the Mathematicks, in Maretine Af∣faires, History, and Horsmanship, and hath amplified a Study with Books, Tablets, Medals, Marbles, and Brass pieces, and other valuable and Antique Curiosities: Besides which in his Hall is drawn round a Frise, whereto are hung large Tablets made by the chief Lymners of this Age, with the Histories of the several illustrious Women in the holy Scripture mentioned.

The Signor Giovanni Galvano Doctor of Lawes, Reader in the studies, and an excellent Disputant, is meritoriously at this time cre∣ated Protector of the famous Nation of the Germans, being elected to that degree not so much for his singular Vertue and Intelligence in his profession of the Law, and defence in Criminal causes, as for his knowlege in Languages, Humanity, History & other the most worthy Studies, as appears by the most learned compositions made by him, which demonstrate his great Wisdome; which also clearly appears by his skill in Antiquities, and in the Collections made by him of Books, Tablets, Marbles, brass pieces and other rare and exqui∣site things, wherewith in abundance he hath no less beautified his most signal Study, than with his Collection of antient Medals, both of Gold and Silver, and other singular Metals of great valew, in the knowlege whereof most Men of this Age will yeeld him a Pre∣cedency.

The Signor Alessandro Estè a most worthy Patriot, and much ho∣noured in his Countrey, hath in his house likewise near Santa Mar∣garita got together a notable quantity of Medals and antient Seals, and other rare and estimable curiosities. With which we will end our account of the excellencies of private Houses.

In the next place are presented to our view and admiration sea∣ven marvellous things which are Temporal, and seaven that are Ecclesiastick, besides many others: For the first seaven are named il Pallazzo della Ragione or Hall of Justice, the Publick Schools, the Palace of Foscari alla Arena, the Court or Palace of the Chieftain,

the Castle for the Munition, the Ponte or Bridge Molino and Il Pratto del∣la valle or Meadow; And for the Ecclesiastick these Churches, Il Domo, il Santo, Santa Justina, Santo Agostino, Li Carmini, Li Heremitani, and San Francesco.

In the Palazza della Ragione or Hall of Justice abovenamed are standing fair Antiquities, among others is one of that immortal Treasure of History and Antiquity, Livie: in whose ever-living memory on that side of this Hall towards the West, is erected a Se∣pulchre or Monument with this old inscription or epitaph added thereunto.

V. F. T. LIVIUS LIVIAE. T. F. QUARTAE L. HALTS CONCORDIALIS PATAVI SIBI ET SUIS OMNIBUS.

Titus Livius 4^o. Imperii Tib. Caesaris an^o. vita excessit, aetatis vero suae,

LXXVI. and not far distant from thence stands his Image.

On the right hand of which is erected another Monument with an Image made of the whitest Marble of Sperone, Speroni, a man of an elevated Ingenuity, as may be known by his works, whichfor the most part he hath writ in the Italian tongue, with this Inscripti∣on following. Sperono Speronio sapientissimo, eloquentissimoque, opti∣mo & viro, & civi, Virtutem, meritaque acta vitasapientiam, eloquen∣tiam declarant scripta. Publico decreto. Urbis quatuor viri 1589. & Ur∣bis 2712. Over every Dore of this great Hall (whereof it hath four) is a remembrance of those four most famous men who for their Birth challenge this City, and for their virtue have no less Illustrated this their Countrey than Italy it self with the whole Universe. The one is of the abovenamed and not to be too much honoured Titus Livius, the words whereof follow.

T. Livius Pat. Historiarum Lat. nominis facilè princeps, & cujus Lacte∣am eloquentiam aetas illa, quae virtute pariter, ac eruditione florebat, adeo admirata est, ut multi Romam non ut Urbem rerum pulcherrimam, aut Ur∣bis, & Orbis Dominum Octavianum, sed ut•…•…hunc Unum inviserent, audi∣rentque, a Gadibus profecti sint. Hic res omnes, quas Pop. Rom. pace bel∣loque gessit quatuordecim Decadibus mirabili felicitate complexus, sibi, ac patriae gloriam peperit sempiternam.

Over another Dore.

Paulus Pat. I. C. clarissimus, hujus Urbis Decus aeternum, Alex. Mam∣meae temp. floruit, Ad Praeturam, Praefecturam, Consulatumque evectus. Cujusque sapientiam tanti fecit Justinianus Imperator, ut nulla civilis Juris particula hujus legibus non decoretur. Qui splendore famae immortalis ocu∣lis posteritatis admirand. Insigni imagine hic merito decoratur.

Over the third Dore.

Petrus apponus Pat. Philosophiae, Medicinaeque scientissimus. Ob idque Conciliatoris cognomen adeptus. Astrologiae vero adeo peritus, ut in Ma∣giae

suspicionem inciderit, falsoque de Haerisi postulatus, absolutus fuit.

Over the last Dore.

Albertus Pat. Heremitanae Religionis Splendor, continentissimae vitae, sumpta Parisiis Insula Magistrali, in Theologia tantum profecit, ut Paulum, Mosen, Evangelia, ac libros Sanctorum laudatissimè exposuerit. Facundissi∣mus ea aetate concionator. Immortali memoriae optimo jure datur.

There is also in this Palace a Marble engraven after this manner.

Inclyto Alphonso Aragonum Regi, Studiorum Authori, Reipub. Venetae foederato, Antonio Panormita Legato suo orante, et Matthaeo Victurio hujus Urbis Praetore constantissimo intercedente, ex historiarum Parente, & T. Liv. ossibus, quae hoc tumulo conduntur, Brachium Patavin. cives in munus con∣cessere 1451.

To conclude with this Palace or Hall of Justice, if considered as an upper Room, tis the fairest and most spacious of Christendome, of which there is no part but hath some Astronomical secret; tis con∣vered with Lead, and round about goes a stately corridor of Marble.

Near the abovenamed Palace stand the Schools for all Learning; which is the second Marvel, not only of Padoua but of Europe, within is a square Court, the building two stories high one over ano∣ther, sustained with most fair Pillars; and round about in every cor∣ner are the Arms of all such as have been Consuls or Protectors in that University; some in colours only, some in colours and stone, with their Country, name, and yeer set up, at the Venetians charge, to make famous this Nursery of Learning. The Anatomick Theater erected in those Schools stands above, and is most neatly contrived, and most commodious both for the Professor & the Spectators. This University of Padoua is as it were the Market place of Learning (and much ap∣proaches the Academy of Athens) To this place from all parts of the World throng the most eminent in all the liberal sciences, and no small number of the Nobles as Scholars, not only from all parts of Italy and its neighbouring Provinces, but from the farthest parts of the World. In this City are ten Colleges, where are allowed ho∣nourable Pensions to many Scholars.

The first College stands in the Street Santo called Prattense, derive∣ing its name from its Founder Pileo Conte di Prata, Cardinal, and Bi∣shop of Padoua, in which are appointed 20 Scholars, Padouans, Ve∣netians, Trivisans, and Furlans, with a Prior or Governor, who heretofore kept a Coach: The Scholars pensions were 20 Crowns per Moneth and more, but the Merchants Banke of Venice (who u∣sually payed them) being of late lessened, at present, besides their Lodging and Service, they have but ten Crowns by the yeer. The Cardinal committed the Government thereof to Francesco Zabarella his Nephew, and after his death to the most antient of his house, and of that of the Family di Leone, recommending it also to the care and overseeing of the successive Bishops of Padoua, and to the Pri∣or of the College of the Professors of the Laws.

The second called Spinello à Ponte Corvo instituted by Belforte Spi∣nello of Naples, is governedby the Priors of the Masters of Art, & by the most Antient of the house of Doctors, where are maintained four Scholars Masters of Arts for five yeers, two Padouans, one Trevisan, and another Stranger, each of whose allowance is twenty five Duc∣kats by the yeer.

The third named da Rio built in the street so called, and instituted by that Family, consists of 4 Scholars Masters of Arts, approved by the most antient of that family, their stay is permitted for 7 yeers, their allowance is, Lodging Rooms, Bread and Wine, with twelve Duckats, and they ought to be of Padoua or its Territories.

The Fourth called del Campione situated in the borgo di Vignal is for nine Scholars in the Arts: two Padouans, two Trivisans, two Far∣raresians, two French men, and one other Foreiner, and for seaven yeers, they are allowed Wheat, Wine, Wood, Service, Lodging, and some moneys. The Patrone or Master is the Abbot of Saint Ci∣prian of Muran.

The fifth named Santa Cantarina is submitted to certain Noble Ve∣netians, and hath for Scholars in the Arts. 16 who have Corn, Wine, Money, Salt, Lodgings, and Service allowed in a handsome proportion for seaven years.

The sixth dedicated to Santa Lucia by the Brescians conteyns 6 Scholars in the sciences chosen by the Communalty of Brescia, their allowance is 25 Duckats a peece with their Lodging and service defrayed.

The seaventh called Feltrino founded in the Street Santo, is gover∣ned by the nobles of the family of Altini in feltre, the continuance of the Scholars (who must be students in the Laws) is seaven yeers, their number is but two Scholars and one-Artist, they have for allow∣ance a quantity of Wheat being 16 measures for each, and 10 Ma∣stellaes of Wine with their Lodgings.

The eighth built in the Street San Leonardo named del Ravenna, is put under the tuition of Piavano di S. Giulano di Venetia, & the Scho∣lars have Lodging Rooms, Services, and one Duckat allowed by the yeer for each.

The ninth in the Viginali called Cocho is for Six Noble Venetians, each ones allowance, being Lodging, Service, and 40 Duckats yeerly.

The tenth called Amulio, near the Pratto della vallae, is for 12 Scho∣lars Noble Venetians, founded by Marco Antonio Amulio Cardinal, and every Scholar is allowed, Lodging Rooms, his services are pay∣ed, and six Duckats by the year.

The third notable and marvellous Temporal Rarity of Padoua is the Piazza or place caled the Arena, which is a noble Court, round about which stands the old Arches, and Vestigia of a proud Theatre, which by the antients was called Naumachia, but of later yeers they use it to run a Tilt, and for all manner of horsemanship, with ma∣ny other games; the Ladies standing to behold them in the open Casements of that proud Palace, which stands at the head of the Court in a Lunary form, the Arena or Court being Oval.

Backwards towards the Wall are gardens filled with Vines and pretious Fruits, as, also on that side which is towards the Church of the Hermits with a small Chapel dedicated to the holy Virgin, which is also a Priorate of the house of Foscarie and belonging to that serene Family of Venice.

The fourth marvellous object is the Court of the Captain or Go∣vernour of the City, where the Proud Palace of the said Praefect, the Chamberlains and many other Citizens habitations, besides the

dwelling of a world of other People are so contrived that it may not improperly be called a little Cittadel: This was the Kingly house of the Carraresi, Its Chambers may truly be said to be built for Princes, with two halls which for their Largeness and Noble∣ness could not be built for other; the one is Called the Hall of Gi∣ants, wherein stands the publick Library: here are pourtrayed the most eminent Subjects of the Roman Republick, & of the World, with a representation of their most famous Acts, by the hand of Gualterio a most eminent Lymner, with their Elegies under each figure, hereto∣fore composed by the most virtuous Giovanni di Cavazzi a gentlemā of Padoua, and inscribed in a signal Character by Pietro Francesco Pucivi∣giano called the Moor: The Books conteyned in the said Library are most excellent and in great abundance; The signor Gio Battista Salvatico, Doctor, Knight, and a Gentleman of Padoua bequeathed to it, by his Testament, his Collection of the Books of the Laws of a great valew. The signor Giacomo Caino a Gentleman of Furlan Doctor and Reader in the College hath likewise given to it the Li∣brary of Pompeo Cacino a Physician his Uncle, of no less esteem; The signor Conte Giacomo Zabarella hath added to it a brave quantity of Manuscripts, some writ in parchment, others in paper bound in Leather Lymned with Vermillion and Gold rarely and exquisitely: some whereof were never Printed, amongst which are the workes of Cardinal Zabarella, of the Count Giacomo Zabarella his Grandfa∣ther of Philosophy; of the Count Francesco his Father, which are in rime and prose in the Tuscan Tongue very learned, and treating of many subjects concerning his own Family: Therein also are the Works of Cesare Cremonio the Philosopher, and many other bought at the Publick cost, and others added there by the Signor Ottavio Fer∣rari a Gentleman of Milan Reader of Humanity in the Schools, and the publick Library Keeper, which Library is every day so increased by the Nobility and others, that tis well hoped within a lit∣tle time twill arrive to the Reputation of the richest and most fa∣mous in the World.

The fifth wonder is the Castle for the Munition above named near the Church of Saint Agostino, which was built by the Tyrant Eccelli∣lino for his safeguard, wherein he slew so many Noble Padouans, that he had almost destroyed the whole City: herein are the publick Gra∣naries to maintain plenty in the City, and all sorts of Ammunition for its defence in time of need.

The sixth admirable thing is the Ponte Molino; so called from the thirty wheels of Mills there erected (a most signal Object) and the five Arches of flint Stone; near which stands a Palace in manner of a Fortress built with those very Large squared & wrought Stones w^ch were brought from the other ruinated Palaces and Forts by Eccellino the Tyrant, with a Fort and most fayr Tower, in the yeer 1250 And is now possessed by the Count Giacomo Zabarella, as is above said.

The seventh wonderfull Object of Padoua is il Prato della, valle a Meadow so ample that twould alone contain a great City: It was antiently called Campo Marzo, the field of Mars, from the Martial ex∣ercises there used, and in this place were many Saints beheaded by the Pagans, to such a number that they are wont to say that part

which is compassed by Water was emplastered with the blood of those Martyrs: Here every first Saturday of the Moneth is held a free Fayr or Market of all sorts of Cattel and other Creatures, and at the Feast of Saint Antonio is a famous Fayr there, which although it happens in the hottest Weather, being there kept for fifteen days in the midest of June, and that there are then many thousands of Creatures, yet there is never seen a Fly to molest them.

If to these might be added an eighth Wonder, we would name the Vineyard or Garden of the Knight Bonifacio Papa fava, situate in the Street called Vanzo, where besides a most fair and adorned Palace, you beholds many statues of excellent workmanship, and infinite numbers of Cittron and Orange Trees, which forme lovely walks to the Passengers, for beautifying whereof, of those Trees are framed Arches and Prospects to delight the eye; to whose confines is conjoyned a full stream of water brought from the main River by a curious Aqueduct, which being confined to one Gate un∣der the Wall, gives at its utterance a sweet murmur, and with its clear gurgling on every side washes the Foot of the Palace: And the flowry bankes within which the said Rivolet is contained ren∣ders the Palace as it were in an Island of so specious delights and pleasant Savours, that what is added by Art to that of Nature may well cause it to be termed the eighth wonder. Hither flock for their Pastime the Ladies and Gallants of Padoua, inviteing with them also the Foreiners with their Musick and other Pastimes, where (in the hottest Weather) the shade of the Trees, the Ample∣ness of the Walks, the pleasantness of the Waters, and the beauty of the site add (to their other joys and delights) a fresh Ayr. And although these beauties shew themselves in perfection, yet that magnanimous Cavalier never ceases to illustrate it (to his no small costs) with greater delights; and by this and his other Gallantries shewes himself to be born of that Family which for its Greatness and Dominion was no less formidable in Italy, than renowned in Europe. At this present resides here, this Noble Person with his Brother Sci∣pio Papafava, Knight of the great Cross of the Order of Hierusalem, Prior of Messina, and the most worthy Primate of the whole King∣dome of Sicilia, together with the virtuous Roberto Son of the a∣bove named Cavalier Bonifacio, young in yeers, but his conditions a•…•…d practices may challenge the ripest Age, who is the Comendatory Abbot of Sebinico, being Doctor of Philosophy, of Divinity & of the Laws, a true Splendor to his Country and Family, being conver∣sant in the Greek, Latine, and Hebrew Tongues, and well known in the Mathematicks, as was testified by the singular experiments of his Ingenuity some Moneths since. There flourishes likewise of this Noble Family at this time a numerous company of Cavaliers and great Subjects, who degrade not from their most famous and Anti∣ent Progenitors, of whom to speak but little will diminish from their Fame, and much is not opportune in this place: for their Ordi∣nary dwelling, these Signors have a Palace in the Street San Fran∣cesco Maggiore, where they have Coppies of exquisite Books in all the Professions, left them by Monsignor Ubertino Papafava Bishop of Adria, Brother of Bonifacio, besides many antient Manuscripts and Authors not yet printed, which relate the Histories of this Family

also the old coyning Press of the Carraresian Princes, with other pretious monuments of this House, preserved in the Chamber of Rowles of the said Palace, which may be termed the most large and worth seeing of this City.

And now we come to the Spiritual wonders and Churches of Pa∣doua, whereof the first is the Domo or Cathedral Church, situate (near) in the midst of the City. The Padouans were converted to the Christian Faith, by the predication of Saint Prosdocimo their first Bishopp authorized by Saint Peter, who (among others) bapti∣zed Vitaliono the Chief Man in this City, who therefore built the Church of Saint Soffia. Henry the fourth Emperor enriched this Ca∣thedral, giving to it twenty seaven rich Canonicats, of so good a revenew that they may be styled so many Bishops; among which are four dignities, that is to say, Arch- priest, Arch. Deacon, The Person that hath charge of the wax, &c. And the Deacon; there are twelve under Canons, six Custodi or Rectors, and six Mansona∣ry or Houskeepers, and more than 60 other Persons and Clerks be∣longing to the Chapel, besides the Masters of Grammar and Mu∣sick▪ with many excellent Singers, so that this Clergy exceeds a hun∣dred Persons, and their Revenew above a hundred thousand Duck∣ats by the yeer, which makes it the most noble and Rich of Italy: and therefore tis that the Bishop of Padoua is styled a little Pope, and his Canons with some reason the Cardinals of Lombardy, for that their Chapter is alwaies filled with the Nobility of Venice, Pa∣doua, and other Cities, whereof so many have ascended to the Miter, and Hatt, that tis worthily called to this day the Seminary of Cardinals and great Prelates.

In this Church (not elsewhere as is pretended) lyes enterred the Wife of Henry the fourth, whose name was Berta, as is proved by this antique Inscription.

Praesulis, & Cleri praesenti praedia phano Donavit Regina jacens hoc marmore Berta Henrici •…•…egis Patavi, celeberrima quarti Conjunx tam grandi dono memoranda per aevum.

Under the Chorus within a rich Monument of Marble, lies the Body of Saint Daniel, one of the four Tutelars.

Two great Cardinals repose in this Church, who were both Arch priests of the same, that is to say, Pileo de Pratta, and Fran∣cesco Zabarella, with other eminent Persons.

Pileo Conti di Pratta a Citizen of Padona and of Furlan was for his vertue created Bishop of Padoua, and afterwards Cardinal of Saint Prassede by Pope Gregory the 11th. and Apostolick Legate. But in the yeer 1378. the Schism being risen between Urban the sixth his successor, and Clement the Antipope, he was deposed by Urban, after whose death Bonifacio the ninth suceeding, he was again created Cardinal with the Title of the Tusculan Bishop, and Apostolick Le∣gate, and finally he dyed at Padoua, and was buried in this Church in a sublime and most noble Arch with this memorial.

Pileus Pratta Card. Stirpe Comes Pratae, praeclarus origine, multis Dotibus insignis, seclo celeberrimus Orbe: Defunctus statuit sic suprema voluntas, Hac Cardinalis Pileus tumulatur in urna.

And this Arch was heretofore in the Chapel of the Holyest, on the right side of the Chorus, but being necessitated to make the door of the greater Vestry in that place, it was removed out of that Chapel, and adjoyned to the nearest Wall in a worthy and emi∣nent Place.

Francesco Zabarella, a Philosopher, Divine, and a sublime Lawyer, was esteemed the Prince of the wise men of the World in his Age, and his works left behinde him prove his desert of that Title: He was a most Learned man in all the sciences, and of a most holy Life, for which reason the Florentines and Padouans offered him the Epis∣copal Dignity, and other Princes not a few eminent Degrees. At last Pope John the 22d. created him Arch-Bishop of Florence; then Caidinal of SS. Cosmo, and Damiano, in the yeer 1411: and after that Legate of the Apostolick Sea &, Praesident of the Council of Constan∣za; where being earnestly desired and designed for Pope, he dyed in the 78rh. yeer of his Age, in Anno 1477. For whose Body (tran∣sported into his Countrey) was erected a most fayr Mauseole a rich Monument, where it reposeth to this day in the Chapel of the Blessed Virgin, on the left side of the Chorus, in an Arch of pure white Mar∣ble with this Memorial.

Franc. Zabarellae Flor. Archepis. viro optimo, Urbi & Orbi gratissimo, Divini Humaniquè juris Interpreti praestantissimo, in Cardinalium Collegium Ob summam sapientiam cooptato, ac eorundem animis Pontifice prope maximo Io. 22. ejus suasu abdicato Ante Martinum V. ob singularem probitatem in Constant. Concilio. Joannes Jacobi viri Clarissimi silius id Monumentum ponendum eur avit. Vixit Annos LXXVIII. Obiit Costantiae 1417.

This Chapel was called of SS. Pietro, and Paulo, and was acquired and endowed by Bartol. Zabarella Arch-bishop of Spalatro for the use and name of his Family; who thence are Patrons of it and maintain therein two Chaplains; afterwards it took the name of the Blessed Virgin, when the Noble Matron Antonia Zabarella Sister to the Car∣dinal bequeathed to it by her Will that most holy Image, which was found in her house, then placed over the Altar of this Chapel, which Tradition saith was painted by Saint Luke: which Robert King of Naples gave to Francesco Petrarcha, by whome twas trans∣ported to Padoua, and left to Giacomo the 2. of Carrara its Lord. After whose decease it came to Marsilio his second Son, who gave it in portion with Fiordilige his Daughter, Wife of Pietro Zabarella, then it came to the hands of the said Antonia, by whom with other gifts twas left to the Domo, and is that most holy Image which in

their Processions they carry when they would obteyn in their grea∣test necessity the Divine Assistance by her Intercession. In this Cha∣pel are other Epitaphs and Monuments, of the Noble Family of Zabarella, whose Original is known to proceed from the most Anti∣ent Sabatini, of Eolonia; whose Ancestors came from the Cornelii, Scipioni of Rome; of whom were the most glorious Scipio, •…•…inna, and Sylla Princes of Rome; with many other Heroes, besides the ho∣ly Popes Pio, Cornelio, and Silvestro, and the Emperours Balbino, Valeriano, Gallieno, Tacito, and Florian, Celso, two Satarnini and Avito, and many other Saints and eminent Persons, in Bolonia, of that Fa∣mily were also the Saints, Hermete, Aggeo, & Caio Martyrs, il B. Sa∣batino Apostolo di S. Francesco, Sabatino Bishop of Genoua, Elector of Carlo Calvo Emperour, with many other grand Persons who have illustrated and governed that City: Also their house being setled in Padoua by Cal•…•…rio Sabbatino Count and Knight of Bolognia, his poste∣rity were called Sabarini and Sabarelli, from whence arose the sir∣name Zabarella, of which Family besides the Cardinals abovena∣med, there have been Bartol. Arch-Bishop of Spal. and Florence, who dyed a designed Cardinal; Paolo Bishop Argolicence; and Arch-Bishop Parience, Orlando and Lorenzo, who dyed with the name of Blessed Bishops, the first of Adria, the second of Ascoli; five Arch-Priests and seaven Canons of Padoua, many Doctors, most fa∣mous Readers of the University in all Ages, famous Counts and Knights, many valorous Captains, as, Andrea General of the Polen∣tani, and Andrea the second, General of the Church, Giacoma the first made Count and Knight of the Dragon by Sigismond the Empe∣ror, was by the Popes John the 22d. Martin the 5th. and Eugenius the 4th. constituted Governor of divers Cities, Senator of Rome, and called by a Bull, Apostolick Baron.

Bartol the second, Doctor, Knight, and Praetor of divers Cities, Praefect of Florence and Roman Senator, who as also Giacopo the se∣cond Counsellor and Knight of the Golden Key were by Massin. the second Emperour created Counts, and Knights, to them and to the eldest Sons of their posterity for ever; which was afterwards con∣firmed to Giulio his Son by Ferdinand the second, Father of Giacopo the third Zabarella the Philosopher; of such grand Fame were these persons; and these great men were known to be of this Family be∣sides many others eminent both ln Letters and Arms.

But having mentioned two Padouan Cardinals, it seems conveni∣ent to me to give some account of the rest, since they have adorned this their Country with such a dignity.

Simone Paltanico was the first Padouan Cardinal, who being a per∣son of great Knowledge, and the highest virtue, merited from Pope Urban the 4th. to be created Cardinal of S. Steffano & Martino in the yeer 1261 and afterwards Apostolick Legate. He dyed in the yeer 1276. His Family is extinct in Padoua, but in honour at Vicenza under the Noble sirname of Counts of Poiana.

Pileo de Pratta was the second Padouan Cardinal, as is aboves•…•…id of this House are the Counts of Portid in Friuli.

Bonaventura Bado•…•…ro of the Counts of Peraga, was a man of great Wisedom and goodness, and being a Hermitan Monk, he read Philosophy and Divinlty in his Schools; who after the other de∣grees

ascended to the Generalship, and thence by Pope Urban the 6th. in the yeer 1384. was created Cardinal of S. Cicilia, and de∣ceased five yeers after. Of this House are the Badoeri, Noble men of Venice, and the Padoeri of Padoua.

Bartolomeo Oliar io the Minikin, a famous Philosopher and Divine, was by the Florentines elected for their Pastor. after which by Pope Boniface the ninth he was called to the Cardinalship of S. Prudentia∣na in the yeer 1389. and deceased 7 yeers after.

Francesco Zabarella, was the 5th. Padouan Cardinal and Arch-Bi∣shop of Florence, as before is related.

Lodavico Mezarota being a Philosopher and a Physician, deserted that his profession, and put himself under the command of Giovanni Vitelli General for the holy Church; and behaving himself well therein ascended from one degree unto another, till in the end (after Vitelli his death) he was constituted his successor, and Patriark of Aquileia: wherein he made such progress as is not to be imagined; let it suffice that he restored the Church to its Liberty, and delive∣red the Florentines and Italy, for which his Noble deeds he was by Pope Eugenius the 4th made Cardinal of S. Lorenzo, then Bishop of Albany, and Chancellor of the holy Church, he dyed in the yeer 1465: at this day is his Family extinct.

And besides these there were others of this City intended for Cardinals, who being overtaken by death could not possess that dig∣nity, as Gabriel Capodelista, Aquensian Arch-Bishop was defigned Cardi∣nal by Pope Clement the 5th, in 1304. Bartol. Zabarella Arch-Bishop of Florence, having been Apostolick Legate in Germany, France, and Spain, for weighty affairs, with the happy success of his Labours, and the great satisfaction of Pope Eugenius the 4th. was by him de∣signed Cardinal, but upon his return, an indisposition seised him and deprived him of Life in Sutry, being but forty seaven yeers old, in Anno nostrae salutis 1445. Francesco Lignamineo Bishop of Ferrara and Apostolick Legate was by Pope Engenius the 9th. designed Cardi∣nal, but he was prevented by his death in the yeer 1412. Antonio Giannotti a famous Lawyer, Bishop of Forli, and Arch-Bishop of Ur∣bin, was Vice Legate in France and Bologna, where he dyed at his 65th. yeer, being then by Pope Clement the 8th. designed Cardinal Anno 1591.

In the Palace of the Bishop these things are worth a sight, The most ample diocess of Padoua, drawn in a large square by Marco Cornaro Bishop of Padoua a Prelate worthy of eternal memory, and a great Hall where to the life (as is believed) are drawn the Pictures of 112 B•…•…shops of this most antient and Noble City. The Church of Saint Antonio of Lisbone merits the second Place amongst Padoua's fair Churches, as well for the design and artifice, as for the pretious∣ness of the Marbles and other Ornaments. The Roof of this Temple is distinguished into six marvellous Chapels covered with Lead. First must be seen the Royal Chapel of this Saint, adorned with the finest Marbles, and 12 Noble Collumns, in the nine spa∣ces of which Columns between the one and tother, are engraven his Miracles by the most rare Sculptors of that Age, so well that it renders the spectators stupified. In the midst of which Chapel ari∣•…•…es the Altar of this Saint, and within it lies entered his body. Upon

this altar stand seaven Figures of Brass of a just proportion, wrought by Tytian Aspetti, the excellent sculptor of Padoua, Its Roof is adorned with the fairest Frets and figures made of pargetting stuff guilt richly, and its Pavement exactly composed with Marble and Porphyry •…•…heckerwise. This Saint having lived 36 yeers dyed the 13th of June 1231, and was canonized by Gregory the 9th. in the City of Spoleto, in the yeer 1237. On which day in Padoua they go in procession carrying his Tongue in a little woodenBoul with great solemnity and superstition; which is accompanyed with all the Fry∣ers of Saint Francis, that is to say, by the Conventuals Capucines, and those that go uppon woodden Pattens called Zoccolani, and with all the Doctors of the Colleges, as well of the Laws, and Physick, as those of Divinity and Philosophy; wherewith they also carry all the Vessels of Silver and other pretious things bestowed upon this their Saint, as also an infinite number of their holy Re∣liques preserved in curious Vessels: Among which are the Figures of ten Saints of pure Silver, 16 rich Chalices, 50 Vessels, 3 whereof are to contayn their Eucharist, many Silver Candlesticks, Lampades, Censores, and 50 Sylver Votaries or pieces dedicated by the vowes of several persons, which are as big as a small Child. Likewise a Shipp furnished with Masts, Sayls and Shrouds, together with a model of the City of Padoua both being neatly cast in Silver. In a fayr Re∣liquiary they preserve the Tongue of the glorious Saint Anthonio and in another his under Chap. In others all of Silver guilt framed with most exact workemanshipp, they keep a cloth dipped in the preti∣ous blood (as they say) of our Saviour Jesus▪ Christ; three thornes of his Crown; some of the wood of his Cross; of the hairs and milk of the blessed Virgin; some of the Blood issuing out of the five wounds given Saint Francesoo; and many of the Bones and other rare reliques of infinite of their Saints, as may be seen in the Treatise published by Count Giacomo Zabarella Praesident and Treasurer of the Venerable Tombe of the glorious Saint Antonio: Who (befides the revenue of the Convent wherewith the Fathers are maintein ed) possesseth a great Revenue, together with much Silver and other pretious househouldstuff, all bestowed upon that Saint by Princes, and private Persons, which Wealth is governed by seaven Presi∣dents, vulgarly called the Signori all' Archa di San Antonio; three Ecclesiasticks and 4 Seculars, with a Casheer, who receives the Re∣venues, and pays the Musicians and other disbursements, which Officers are elected every yeer, and every Six Moneths two of them change. In the Convent is a fayr publick Library, much amplified by the reverend Father Francesco Zanotti, an eminent Person of Pa∣doua, who alwaies governed his Convent with great prudence as Guardian, and his Religious Order whereof he was Provincial: where∣to the most reverend Father Michael Angelo Maniere Guardian and Provincial also hath added his Industry with great success and e∣vidence of his Prudence, Virtue and Goodness; both whose good Actions have given •…•… great Splendour to the Fame of this most No∣ble Convent. Near to this said Library is another Room wherein are kept the rare collections of Count Giacomo Zabarella, given to the said Saint; which consists of many excellent Books and Manuscripts, and all the Histories (in being) of Padoua, Venice and other Cities

which no where else are to be found, also of Medals, Marbles, brass Pieces and other notable Antiquities, with the Golden Key, and all his workes, all which being before fully related, are here abbreviated to avoid Prolixity.

Opposite to the Altar of Saint Antonio is the Chapel of Saint Fe∣lix the Pope of like grandezza: where also repose his Bones; •…•…ound about which are hung Pictures excellently wrought by Giotto, wher∣of Daute, Boccacio and other writers take particular notice: In it are the Tombes of the Signori Rossi and Lupi Marqueses of Soragna; and next the Chapel of Saint Antonio, with which it▪ maintains like Grandure and Fame, it is the most eminent of all; the greater Altar whereof is richly carved in Marble, and hath on the right side a Candlestick of a very great heighth, and wrought with many Fi∣gures, & over against it an artificial Chorus adorned with lovely Fi∣gures carved in wood: In this Church likewise are the Sepulchers of Fulgosio of Marin, and Ascanio Zabarella, the first famous in Let∣ters, the second in Arms; which are erected in the Chapel of Saint Catherine appertaining to their Family; in another Tombe lies buried Andrea Zabarella with Montisia Polenta his Wife, Daugh∣ter of Bernardino Signor of Ravenna, with many other eminent per∣sons, which would take up too much room and time to specifie. Before the said Church stands a noble Statue of Brass cast by Donato Fiorentino, and presented to the State of Venice, in memory of the Valour of Gattamelata da Narni, who was Captain General of their Armies: whose effigies is there erected on Horseback, and whose body with that of his Sons ly buried in the Chapel of Saint Francis with two fayr Epitaphs inscribed over them.

The third ecclesiastick excellency of Padoua, is the sumptuous and ample Church of Saint Justina, where are kept with great de∣votion the bodies of Saint Luke the Evangelist; Saint Matthias the Apostle, of the Innocents, of Saint Prosdocimo first Bishop of this City and Province, of Santa Giustina the Virgin Martyr, of Giulian of Massimo second Bishop of Padoua, of Urio the Consessor, of Feli∣cita the Virgin, Arnaldo the Abbot; together with an infininte number of Reliques, which they preserved ina most Antient Ceme∣tery called in those days the Pit of Martyrs: there also stands a speck∣led stone, upon which certain Martyrs were beheaded, another stone whereon San Prosdocimo celebrated divine service: Herein likewise they conserve the Tablet of the blessed Virgin paynted by Saint Luke, and with great devotion brought from Constantinople by the blessed Urio. Its Chorus which compasseth the high Altar round, is made all of Walnut Tree, and upon it engraven by Richardo Fran∣cesco the History of the Old and New Testament. It hath much Silver Utensils and pretious vests; to say no more, this Chapel for its stru∣cture and beauty, is an incomparable piece; And not a little illu∣strated by that proud aod wealthy Monastery of Saint Justine now contiguous with it, which for its sumptuousness, Grandure, and Riches, may be reckoned one of the Fairest of Italy. On the Walls of the Cloysters amongst the Legend stories designed, they have in∣serted hundreds of old inscriptions, with the draughts of old stones and pieces of Urns dug up when the foundation of the Convent was first Layed. It hath for revenue 100000. Crowns yeerly. It

keeps an Abbot with many Fryers of Saint Benedict; And here be∣gan the Reformation of that Order, about two hundred yeers since.

The fourth signal, is the Church of Saint Augufiino, of the Fathers Dominicans: which was first a Temple of Juno, wherein the Antient Padouans dedicated the spoils of Cleonimus the Spartan, as saith T. Livie. Thence it became the Particular Chapel of the Car∣raresi, who there fixed the Sepulchers for their Family. Where al∣so are the Monuments of Marieta, Mother of James King of Ciprus, and F. Carlota his Daughter, with many Memorials of other Grand Persons, as well of this City as Strangers; and in particular of Pietro da Abano, near the great Door. It hath a Stately Convent with a fayr Library, where are the Pictures of the chief Fathers of that Order.

The fifth Marvel is the Church of the Carmelites, famous for its vast height, and grandure, with one only Arch, and a most high Cupulo; Its Chapels are all of one resemblance, and in great perfection: Herein they keep an Image of the blessed Virgin, who, as they say, showrs down her continued favours upon those that devoutly by her intercession pray for them to God Almighty. In this Church are certain Monuments of the Naldi, Famous Captains, and many o∣ther Noble Families of Padoua.

The Sixth Ecclesiastick wonder, is the Church of Eremitani, wherein lies buried Marco Mantoua, the famous Doctor of Lawes. Here are the Chapels of the Cortellieri, painted by Giusto an antient Lymner, and of the Zabarella, by the hand of Montegna.

The seventh is the Church of Saint Francesco, wherein are the Tombes of Bartolomeo Cavalcante, Jeronimo Cagnolo an excellent Doctor, and of Longolio whereon Bembo composed the ensuing Verses.

Te Juvenem rapuere Deae fatalia nentes Stamina, cum scirent moriturum tempore nullo Longolio, tibi si canos, seniumque dedissent.

In the Church de'Servi, is enterred Paolo de Castro; and near the Church of San Lorenzo stands a pure Marble Chest, erected upon four Columns which is concluded to be the Noble Heroe Antenors Tombe, from this Epitaph engraven upon it in old Characters.

Inclitus Antenor patriam vox nisa quietem Transtulit huc Henetum, Dardanidumqne fugas, Expulit Euganeos, Patavinam condidit Urbem. Qu em tenet hic humili mar more caesa domus.

In the Church of the Capucines, lyes buried Cardinal Commendone.

The Chief Families of Padoua, and Cavaliers are Alvorati, Mar∣quess of Falcino, a City of the County of Bolzonella; Lazara Count of Paludo; Leoni Count of Sanguineto; Obizzi Marquess of Orgiano; Zabarella Count of Credazza; Buzzacarini Capidilista, Conti, Datti, Papafava, S. Bonifacii, and besides those aforenamed, these follow∣ing, viz. Ascanio Pediano the Oratour; Aruntio Stella; Uallerto Flacco; Uolusio Poeta; Jacomo Zabarella a most worthy Philosopher; with many others both valiant and Learned who have much added to the renown of this City.

Between the Church del Santo and that of San Giustina, lies the Physick Garden filled with simples, and planted iu the yeer 1546. at the cost of the Students in Physick and Philosophy, to the end

they might the more commodiously search into the nature & vertue of every Medicinal Herb: The chief care and custody of this Gar∣den, is alwayes committed to some excellent Doctor in Physick, who Reads to the Students, the names and nature of every Simple; in the latter times Melchior Guillandino, Giacomo Antonio Cortuso, and Prospero Alpino, three excelling Persons underwent this charge, but at present tis in the hands of the learned Giovanni Vestlinghi•…•…, or Westlingius, a Knight and Anatomy▪ Reader in the University. A man allowed so great an esteem for his excellent knowlege,* 1.2 that he was become the Admiration of this Age, when I was in honour of Italy, In whom a worthy and Noble Person of our Nation, being casually at Padoua, at the proceeding of certain English, to the Degrees of Doctors, and having been an Auditor at some of his Lectures, composed these ensuing Verses upon the Ana∣tomy.

Learned Westlingius, had we but the Art, To tell the Treasures of the nobler part; And could the Soul's high powers describe as well, As you, the Palace where that Queen does dwell; In her Anatomy my Muse might finde, Praises proportion'd to your knowing minde; To whose great art and industry we owe That all the wonders of our Frame we know: For not the inventory, we alone Of every Nerve, Vein, Artery, and Bone, Receive from thence, •…•…t are instructed too What the wise Maker has design'd them to: The great importance of the s•…•…ndrest string, And use of every (seeming useless) thing: As if our first Creator you had seen, Or had of Counsel with Prometheus been, That all the Plagues which his rash Brother threw On wretched Man, might have their Cure from you.

Ten miles out of Padoua, towards the Port of Malomocco, stands the Castle Pieve de Sacco, from which the Bishop of Padoua* 1.3 takes his Title of Count, a little beyond that, stands Polverara where are bred the largest foul, as Cocks and Hens, of all Italy. Near which begins the Sholes or Gulph of Venice, between which appears the most antient now deserted Cit•…•…y of Adria which formerly gave the* 1.4 name of Mare Adriaticum, to the Sea now called the Golph of Venice.

Towards the North stands the Castle di Campo San Piero, whence that Noble Family took its name and Original. Between Padoua and Bassano is built a Cit•…•…adel.

Towards the West is the City Vicenza▪ with the famous Moun∣tains* 1.5 Euganei, so called in the Greek tongue, for their excessive de∣liciousness; whence the Padouans extract great quantities of Medi∣cinal herbs. Which Hils are neither part of the Alps, nor part of the Apenines, a thing scarce credible: than which Constantiue Paleo∣logo said (as Rodigino reports) that besides the Terrestial Paradice

twas not possible the World could afford a place more full of de∣lights. At five miles distance from Padoua, are extant the Baths of Albano, where is to be admir'd the different kinds of Waters: how out of a vast high cavernous Rock arises two sources of Water not above 2 foot one from the other, of a perfect different nature; the one whereof encrusts & converts into a hard white stone, not only the Banks by which it runs, but what ever els is cast into it, in crea∣sing the saidc rustment of what is thrown in, according to the time tis left in it, and that which is more, it begets Stone of the same na∣ture upon the wheel of a Mill which is turned by its stream, which every Moneth enforces the workemen to beat it off with Pickaxes that their Mill may not be hindred; the Water hereof is never drunk by any creature, being held very hurtfull; but the other Water runs upon a light Sand, is much more light in weight than the first, and is divers times drank for sundty healthfull operatiōs: the people have dug the Earth in parts round the said Hill, and have found Sulphure, about the middle part, and at the root of them having dug towards the East and South parts they have found Salt. Abano at this day is nothing so much inhabited as we ought to believe it was heretofore; by reason that upon any digging they often find un∣derground, many Reliques of Antiquity; some also will have it that here they spun the finest Linnen Cloth. On the other side of Abano stands the sumptuous and rich Monastery of Praia, with the black Monks of Saint Renedict: and near it the Church of Santa Ma∣ria di Monte Ortone. Approaching whereunto is the Convent of the Fryars Ermitans of Saint Augustine, called Scalci, or without Shoos in which are sources of boyling water, and mud, excellent for pains and shrunk sinews: though the difficulty with which they are come at, renders them of less common use than they would be, for they are a vast way in the Earth, and in small quantities too: but they are of a white colour, and stiff as well wrought clay; not black and dirty as those which are commonly gotten out of the adjacent Montagnone. They pass from Padoua to Estè upon the Ri∣ver, and upon the way espy the noble Castle of Monselice, (enviro∣ned* 1.6 with most pleasant Hills) also the foundations of a ruinated fortress, where they gather infinite numbers of Vipers, for the composing of that so much famed Venice Treacle: On the left side whereof is the Hill Arquato Contrada, much spoken of in memory of Franc▪ Petrarca, whose habitation being long there, at length he gave up the Ghost, and was there honourably interred in a sepul∣chre of Marble, with this Epitaph enscribed, which himself made, as followes.

Frigida Francisci, lapis hic, tegt ossa Petrarcae, Suscipe virgo Parens animam, sate Virgne parce, Fessaque jam terris, caeli requiescat in Arce.

At this day also may be seen there his House, his Chair, and little Garden.

Two miles distant from Arquato upon a little Hill, is Cataio, a large Town of the Signors Obici: thence they come to Battaglia a Parish near the River, seaven miles after which one arrives at Estè a noble Castle and antient: whence that Illustrious Family of Estè* 1.7

drew their Original. Whose Palace is transformed into a Monastery by the Dominican Fryers. From this Country they extract (besides abundance of all other things for sustenance) excellent Wines. It contains 100000 Souls, and the publick have 18000 Crowns of yeer∣ly income. There they ascend the Mountain of Vende, where is a Monastery of the Fryers of Mount Oliveto, three miles whence stands another Mountain, where is the rich Abbacy and Monastery of the Fryers of Camaldol. Tenn miles beyond Estè is seated the noble Ca∣stle of Montagnana nothing inferiour to that of Estè neither in Riches* 1.8 nor Civility, where they much trade in Hemp. Eight miles far∣ther is Lendinara, a very strong Castle & Town washed with the River Adice: but the Ayr is a little gross in the Winter time, it contayns 4000 Souls. Near which is the Castle Sanguienedo, in the Con∣fines between the Venetians, and the Duke of Mantoua: where there is a fayr even way for eighteen miles length. Isuing out of the gate of Padoua called S. Croce, which leads to Ferrara, first you meet Conselve heretofore a Castle of the Signori Lazara, where stands the most delitious palace of the Count Nicholas of Lazara, a magna∣nimous and generous Knight, wherein Henry the third, King of France and Poland quartered: near it lies the Count Paludo, whence the said Signor derives his Lordship: tis a Country Noble and Fertile, is a Convent of the Fathers Hermitans founded by Giovanni de La∣zara, Knight of S. Giacomo, and Lieutenant General of the Vene∣tian Cavalrie in the yeer 1574. After which is met Anguillara, where∣by* 1.9 the Adice passeth. Farther on they go to Rovigo, made a City by the Prince or Duke of Venice seated, 25 miles from Padoua and 18 from Ferara; It was built out of the Ruines of Adria, whence tis not allocated above a mile; tis hathed by an Arm of the Adice, where are erected noble dwellings, environed with a deep Ditch or Fosse, which in circuit are about a mile; its Country is most Fertile, be∣ing compassed about with the 4 Rivers, The Poe, the Adice, the Tartaro, the Castagnaro. And so it borrowes the name of Polesine (which signifies Peninsula, almost an Island) from its length, and the circum volution of those Rivers. Many Illustrious Persons have added to the Glory of this their Countrey, as the Cardinal Roverella, Brusoneo the Poet, Celio, the Riccobuoni, and Gio Tomaso Minadoi a most learned Physician, who wrote the Persian History, with other famous men. It hath a Church dedicated to Saint Bellino, heretofore Bishop of Padoua, the Priests whereof with miraculous success restore to health such as are bit by mad Dogs, whom they as suddainly cure as indubitably, with a certain exorcism, which if malignity proceeded in a natural course of Physick, would not only require the best skill but length of time. Whosoever reads the 36th Ch. of the 6th. Book of Diosc. and those other Tractates writ on that infirmity, may comprehend how great this miracle is. Mathioli in the cited fol. of Diosc. owned the success, and willing to deduce it from some na∣tural cause, saith, that possibly these Priests might intermix some medicinal herb or secret with that bread which they are wont to bless for Dog-bitten Mad Persons: but this may easily be answe∣red, For this Church is governed by two poor Priests who many times desert it; nor are they of a selected condition; and twere strange if since the time of Saint Bellino to this day none should arrive

therebut he must bring that medicinal secret with him▪ Secondly they give but one little morcel of that blessed bread to a person, and it can scarce be imagined enough of the medicine should be conteyned in so small a parcel of Bread, for so wonderfully a dangerous di∣sease. Thirdly the Nuns of Saint Fetro in Padoua, have an antient Key which was San Bellinoes, which Key heated▪ and its sign made on the head of the mad Dogg▪ he never after that is troubled with the least sign of madness▪ Which being, tis necessarily conluded, and the Physicians must p•…•…r force confess, that tis a pure Miracle wrought by God at the intercession of San Bellino, who by the instigation of certain evil People, was torn in pieces by Doggs, and his glorious Corps layed up in the said Church of Polesene.

Desiring to go to Ferrara, First they take the way Rosati, till they arrive at the Poe, which passing by Bark, they reach Francolino, a County some five miles from Ferrara.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Lizafusina.
• * 1.2

  Edmond Wal∣•…•…er Espuire.
• * 1.3

  Polverara.
• * 1.4

  Adria.
• * 1.5

  Euganei.
• * 1.6

  Monselice
• * 1.7

  Estè
• * 1.8

  Lendinr•…•….
• * 1.9

  Rovigo.