Archæologiæ Græcæ, or, The antiquities of Greece by John Potter ...

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Nocturnal Mysteries in honour of Iupiter Sabazius (e) 1.1, into which all that were Initiated, had a golden Serpent put in at their Breasts, and taken out at the lower part of their Garments; in memory of Iupiter's ravishing Proserpina, in the form of a Serpent. Others (f) 1.2 are of Opinion that this Solemnity was in honour of Bacchus sirnam'd Sabazius, from the Sabae, who were a People of Thrace; and 'tis pro∣bable this Festival was not first instituted by the Grecians, but deriv'd to them from the Barbarians (such were the Thracians reputed) amongst whom Suidas tells us 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 was the same with 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. to shout 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, as was usual in the Festival of Bacchus: Add to this, that Bacchus's Priests were by the Thracians call'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

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A Festival in honour of Diana (a) 1.3 sirnam'd Saronia, from Saro the ••hird King of Troezen, by whom a Temple was erected, and this Fe∣••tival instituted to Her.

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I. e. A shaking off the Burden. It was a Publick Sacrifice at Athens, ••n memory of Solon's Ordinance, whereby the Debts of poor People ••ere either entirely remitted; or, at least, the Interest due upon them ••essen'd, and the Creditors hinder'd from seizing upon the Persons of their Debtors, as had been customary before that Time (b) 1.4.

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A Festival mention'd by Hesychius; and observ'd, it may be, in me∣••ory of Semele, Bacchus's Mother.

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A Delphian Festival, celebrated every ninth Year, in memory of Apollo's Victory over Python. The chief part of the Solemnity was •• Representation of Python pursu'd by Apollo (c) 1.5.

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At Argos (d) 1.6. It might perhaps be celebrated in honour of Mi∣nerva, sirnam'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. Strength.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, or 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, or 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉,

An Anniversary Solemnity at Athens (e) 1.7, upon the twelfth Day of S••irrophorion, in honour of Minerva, or, as some say, of Ceres and Pro∣••opina. The Name is deriv'd from Sciras, a Burrough between Athens ••nd Eleusis, where there was a Temple dedicated to Minerva, sir∣••am'd Sciras, from that place: Or from one Scirus, an Inhabitant of Eleusis; or from Sciron of Salamis; or from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. Chalk, or white Plaister, of which the Statue dedicated to Minerva by Theseus when he return'd from Crete, was compos'd; Or from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. an Umbrella, which was at this Time carry'd in Procession by Erectheus's Priest, or some of the Sacred Family of Butas, who, to distinguish them from others that made false Pretensions to that Kindred, were call'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. the genuine Off-spring of Butas: Those that order'd this Procession, were wont to make use of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. the Skins of Beasts sacrific'd to Iupiter, sirnam'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, and

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, of which Titles I have spoken before. Farther, there was at this Festival a Race call'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, because the young Men that contended therein, did 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. carry in their Hands Vine-branches full of Grapes.

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At Alea in Arcadia (a) 1.8, in honour of Bacchus, whose Image was expos'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. under an Umbrella, whence it is pro∣bable the Name of this Festival was deriv'd. At this Time the Women were beaten with Scourges, in the same manner with the Spartan Boys at the Altar of Diana Orthia, which they underwent in obedience to a Command of the Delphian Oracle.

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I. e. The Festival of Sea-onyons. It was observ'd in Sicily; the chief part of it was a Combat, wherein Youths beat one another with Sea-onyons: He that obtain'd the Victory was rewarded by the Gymnasiarch with a Bull (b) 1.9.

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Mention'd by Hesychius.

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An Athenian Solemnity (c) 1.10, wherein the Women made Jests, and Lampoons upon one another; whence 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 signifies to abuse, ri∣dicule, or speak evil of another.

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At Eretria, in honour of Diana Stophea (d) 1.11.

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At Stymphalus in Arcadia, in honour of Diana, nam'd from that place Stymphalia (e) 1.12.

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See 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

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See 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

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Syracusian Festivals, one of which Plato (a) 1.13 mentions; it conti∣nu'd ten Days, during which Time the Women were employ'd in offering Sacrifices.

Another we read of in Tully (b) 1.14, which was celebrated every Year by vast numbers of Men and Women, at a Lake near Syracuse, thro' which Pluto was said to have descended with Proserpina.

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Games at Sparta (c) 1.15, the Prize in which was 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. a mixture of Fat and Honey.

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Sacrifices, and Thanksgivings for Deliverances out of Dangers.

Notes

• (e) 1.1

  Clemens Protrept. Arno∣bius lib. V.
• (f) 1.2

  Diodorus Siculus lib. IV. Aristophanis Scholiastes Vespis, Harpo∣cration.
• (a) 1.3

  Pausanias Corinthiacis.
• (b) 1.4

  Pluta••chus Solone.
• (c) 1.5

  Plutarchus Graec. Quaest.
• (d) 1.6

  He••ychius.
• (e) 1.7

  Aristophanis Scholi••stes Concionat. Harpocration, Suidas.
• (a) 1.8

  Pausanias Arcadicis, Pollux lib. VIII. cap. XXXIII.
• (b) 1.9

  Theocriti Scholiastes Idyl. VII.
• (c) 1.10

  Hesychius, Suidas.
• (d) 1.11

  Athen••us lib. VI.
• (e) 1.12

  Pausanias Arcadicis.
• (a) 1.13

  Epistola ad Dionis propinquos.
• (b) 1.14

  Orat. in Verrem IV.
• (c) 1.15

  Hes••chius.