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Solemn Sacrifices offer'd by the Athenians in Maemacterion, which ••as a Winter-month, to Iupiter 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, to induce him to send ••ild and temperate Weather, because He was usually taken for the
Air, or Heavens, and therefore thought to preside over the Seasons. There are various reasons assign'd for this Sirname, for 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 is by Harpocration expounded 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. out∣ragious, and furious; being deriv'd from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, that is, accord∣ing to Suidas, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. to trouble, or raise com∣motions. But Hesychius affixeth a quite different signification to it, for according to him, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 is the same with 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. fa∣vourable and propitious; and herein Plutarch agree's with him, who tells us (a) 1.1,
That 'twas his Opinion, that by the Name of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, which was given by the Athenians to the King of the Gods, was meant 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.Neither of these significations are at all disa∣greeable to the design of this Festival; for since it was to procure good Weather, it might either be instituted as a means to appease the Deity, that was the cause of Storms, and intemperate Seafons; or to entreat the same Person, as being of a mild and gentle Disposition, and willing to grant the requests of his Votaries.
See 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
A Festival in honour of Menelaus (b) 1.2, at Therapnae in Laconia, where a Temple was consecrated to him, in which he was worship'd, toge∣ther with Helena, not as an Heroe, or petty Deity, but as one of the supreme Gods.
Certain Days upon which the Lesbians offer'd publick Sacrifices (c) 1.3.
A Festival in the Month Metagitnion (d) 1.4, in honour of Apollo 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, being celebrated by the Inhabitants of Melite, that left their habitations, and settled among the Diomeans in Attica; whence these Names seem to have been deriv'd, for they import a removal from one Neighbourhood to another.
Sacrifices, with Horse-races, and other Games celebrated by the Che∣sonesians in memory of Miltiades, the Athenian General (e) 1.5.
A Festival celebrated by the Orchomenians (a) 1.6, who were call'd Minyae, and the River, upon which the City was founded, Minya, from Minyas, ••ing of that Place, in memory of whom, it may be, this solemnity was instituted.
A Festival celebrated by all the Inhabitants of Mitylene, in a place without the City, in honour of Apollo 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 (b) 1.7, which sirname ••e find mention'd also in Hesychius.
An anniversary Solemnity at Athens (c) 1.8 upon the sixteenth of Muny∣••ion, in honour of Diana sirnam'd Munychia from King Munychus, the Son of Pentacleus; or from a part of the Piraeeus, call'd Munychia, where this Goddess had a Temple, to which the Athenians allow'd the Pri∣vilege of being a Sanctuary to such as fled to it for refuge. At this So∣lemnity they offer'd certain Cakes call'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, which name is deriv'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. from shining on every side, either be∣cause lighted Torches hung round them, when they were carry'd into the Temple; or because they were offer'd at Full Moon; that being the Time of this Festival, for it was instituted in honour of Diana, who was reputed to be the same with the Moon, be∣cause it was Full Moon, when Themistocles overthrew the Persian Fleet 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Salamis.
Festivals (d) 1.9 in honour of the Muses at several places of Greece, espe∣cially amongst the Thespians, where Solemn Games were celebrated every Fifth year.
The Macedonians had also a Festival in honour of Iupiter and the Muses, which was first instituted by King Archelaus, was celebrated with Stage-Plays, and Games, and lasted nine Days, according to the Num∣ber of the Muses.
A Festival (e) 1.10 in honour of Ceres, sirnam'd Mysia, from Mysius an Ar∣••ian, who dedicated a Temple to her in a place about X. Stadia distant from Pellene in Achaia; or, according to Phurnutus, from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉,
i. e. to cloy, to satisfy, or to be well fed, because Ceres was the first that taught Men how to use Corn. This Festival continu'd seven Days, upon the third of which all the Men and Dogs being shut out of the Temple, the Women, together with the Bitches, remain'd within, and having that Night perform'd the accustom'd Rites, on the Day follow∣ing return'd to the Men, with whom they past away the Time in jesting, and laughing at one another.
An Arcadian (a) 1.11 Festival, so nam'd from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. a fight; for it was instituted in memory of a Battle, wherein Lycurgus slew Ereu∣thalion.
Libro 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
Isocrates in Helenae Encomio, Pausanias Laconici••.
Hesychius.
Plutarchus de Exilio, Harpocration, Suidas.
Herod••tus lib. VI.
Pindari Scholiastes Isthm. Od. I.
Thucydides initio lib. III.
Plutarch. de Gloria Atheniens. Harpocration, Etymologici Auctor, Suidas, Eustathius Il. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
Pollux lib. I. cap. I. Aeschines in Timarchum, Pausanias Boeoticis, Diodorus Sic. lib. XVII. Plutarchus Erotico.
Pausanias fine Achaicorum.
Apollonii Rhodii Scholiastes lib. I. v. 164.