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1. THen Job answered and said,
2. I have heard many such things a 1.1: ‖ 1.2 * 1.3 mise∣rable comforters b 1.4 are ye all.
3. Shall † 1.5 vain words have an end c 1.6? or what em∣boldneth thee that thou answerest d 1.7?
4. I also could speak as ye do: if your soul e 1.8 were in my souls stead; I could heap up words against you f 1.9, and * 1.10 shake mine head at you g 1.11.
5. But I would strengthen you h 1.12 with my mouth, and the moving of my lips should asswage your grief i 1.13
6. Though I speak k 1.14, my grief is not asswag•…•…d: and though I forbear, † 1.15 what am I eased l 1.16?
7. But m 1.17 now he n 1.18 hath made me weary o 1.19▪ thou p 1.20 hast made desolate all my company q 1.21.
8. And thou hast filled me with wrinkles r 1.22, which is a witness against me s 1.23: and my leanness rising up in me t 1.24, beareth witness to my face u 1.25.
9. * 1.26 He teareth me in his wrath x 1.27, who hateth me y 1.28: he gnasheth upon me with his teeth z 1.29; * 1.30 mine enemy a 1.31 sharpneth his eyes upon me b 1.32.
10. They c 1.33 have gaped upon me with their mouth d 1.34, they * 1.35 have smitten me upon the cheek reproachfully e 1.36, they have gathered themselves together against me f 1.37.
11. God † 1.38 hath delivered me to the ungodly g 1.39, and turned me over into the hands of the wicked.
12. I was at ease h 1.40, but he hath broken me asun∣der i 1.41; he hath also taken me by my neck, and shaken me to pieces k 1.42, and * 1.43 set me up for his mark l 1.44.
13. * 1.45 His archers m 1.46 compass me round about; he cleaveth my reins asunder n 1.47, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the ground.
14. He breaketh me with breach upon breach n 1.48; he runneth upon me like a giant o 1.49.
15. I have sewed sackcloth upon my skin p 1.50, and defiled my horn in the dust q 1.51.
16 My face is foul with weeping, and on my eye∣lids is the shadow of death r 1.52.
17. Not for any injustice in mine hands s 1.53: also, my prayer is pure t 1.54.
18. O earth, cover not thou my bloud u 1.55, and let my cry x 1.56 have no place.
19. Also now, behold, my Witness is in Heaven y 1.57, and my Record † 1.58 is on high.
20. My Friends z 1.59 † scorn me a 1.60: but mine Eye* 1.61 poureth out tears unto God b 1.62.
21. * 1.63 O that one might plead for a man * with God c 1.64, as a man pleadeth for his ‖ 1.65 Neighbour!
22. When † 1.66 a few years are come, then I shall go the way whence I shall not return d 1.67.
Both from you, who do so odiously repeat the same things, and from divers others: For these things, though you pride and please your selves in them, as if you had made some great and strange discoveries, are but vulgar and trivial.
Or, 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
Chap. 13. 4.
In stead of gi∣ving me those Comforts which you pretend to do, Chap. 15. 11. and which my Condition loudly calls for, you feed me with ter∣rours, and censures, and scoffs.
Heb. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of wi•…•….
When wiltst thou put an end to these idle and impertinent dis∣courses? He retorts upon him his Charge against Iob, Ch. 15. 2, 3.
To wit, so, or in such manner, so censoriously, and opprobriously, and peremptorily. What secret grounds hast thou for thy Confi∣dence? Thy Arguments are flashy and weak; if thou hast any stronger produce them.
i. e. Your person, as Gen. 12. 5.
i. e. I could multiply Ac∣cusations and Reproaches against you, as you do against me.
•…•…am. 2. 1•…•….
In way of derision, as this phrase is most commonly used; as 2 Kings 19. 21. Psal. 22. 7. Isa. 37. 22. Matth. 27. 39.
i. e. Direct, and support, and comfort you.
i. e. My dis∣course should comfort you. The words, your grief, are here under∣stood either out of the fore-going Clause, where they are implied: Or out of the next Verse, where they are expressed. Possibly the words may be thus rendred without any Ellipsis, which is most na∣tural, if the Translation be true and suitable; Compassion (for the Hebrew word, nid, comes from nud, which signifies to condole) should restrain or govern my lips, that they should avoid all speeches which may ve•…•… you, and speak onely what may be to your com∣fort and benefit; whereas you let your Tongues loose to speak whatsoever pleaseth you, or tormenteth me.
To God by Prayer; or to you in way of discourse: I find no relief. Iob having reproved his Friends for their unkind carriage towards him, and aggravated it by his resolutions to have dealt more friendl•…•…ly with them, if they had been in his case; now he returns to his main business, to describe and aggravate his mise∣ries, if by any means he could move his Friends to pity and help him.
〈…〉〈…〉
Or, what part or grain of my grief or misery departeth from 〈◊〉〈◊〉? I receive not one jot of ease. Neither speech nor silence do me any good.
Or, surely, as this Hebrew Particle most commonly signifies.
i. e. God, as appears by the following Words and Verses.
Ei∣ther of complaining, or, of my life.
He speaks in the second Person to God, as in the former Clause in the third Person of God: Such change of Persons are very usual in Scripture, and elsewhere.
Hast turned my society into desolation, by destroy∣ing my Children and Servants.
By consuming all my fat and flesh.
Heb. Which is a wit∣ness of the reality, and greatness, and just cause of my sorrows. Or, which is become or made a witness; i. e is produced by my Friends as a Witness of Go•…•… Wrath and of my Hypocrisie and Impiety,
i. e. Which is in me. Or, rising up a•…•…ainst me, as Wit∣nesses use to rise and stand up against a guilty person to accuse him.
As Witnesses are to accuse a person to his •…•…ace, openly and evidently, so as any that look on my Face may plainly discern it. But this Clause may be rendred thus, My 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in my face; (i. e. which appears in my Face, and causeth the wrinkles which are visible there) riseth up against me, and beareth witness, as be∣fore.
〈◊〉〈◊〉 10▪ 16, 〈◊〉〈◊〉
Heb. His wrath teareth me in pieces, as a Lion doth his Prey.
Heb. And he hateth me; i. e. He pursueth me with a deadly ha∣•…•…red and rage. Or. And he is become mine enemy; Or, he sets himself against me with all his might: Or, He treats me like an implacable 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
Which is a gesture and sign of extream anger and fury; as Psalm 35. 16. & 37. 12. Lament 2. 16. as elsewhere of grievous pain; as Luke 13. 28.
〈◊〉〈◊〉 13▪ •…•…4.
Either 1. God, who of a Friend is now become my implacable Enemy. Or 2. Eliphaz, who deals with me more like an Enemy than a Friend.
i. e. Looks upon me with a fierce and •…•…parkling Eye, as enraged persons use to do.
The Instruments of God's anger, my Friends, as they are falsly called.
Opened their mouths wide against me; either 1. to devour and destroy me; as a Lion which falls upon h•…•…s Prey with open mouth; as this phrase is used, Psalm 22. 13, 14. And this they did aggra ating and encreasing his sorrows, whereby he was well-nigh overwhelmed. Or 2. To 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and deride me, as it follows, and as this phrase is most commonly used, as Psalm 22 8. & 35. 21.
〈◊〉〈◊〉. 3. 30. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 •…•…. 1.
Or, by reproach; or in way of scorn and contempt; whereof such smiting was a sign; as 1 Kings 22. 24. Lament. 3. 30. Mich. 5. 1. The sign is here put for the thing signified: They d•…•…∣spised and derided me.
i. e. They are come from several pla∣ces and met together here, not for me, or to comfort me as they pretended, but really against me, or to torment and gri•…•… me. Heb. they have filled themselves, &c. Either 1. they have filled up their numbers, they are all come against me. Or 2. they have filled their minds with evil Opinions of me, and their hearts with cou∣rage and resolution to assault me, and their mouths with words and arguments against me. Compare Eccles. 8. 11. Acts. 5 3.
〈◊〉〈◊〉. hath 〈◊〉〈◊〉 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
either 1. to my Friends, who act the part of the wicked in censuring and condemning the righteous whom God approveth and in pleading for a false and wicked Cause. Or rather 2. to the Chaldeans and Sabeans, who were a most wicked people, living in gross contempt of God, and injuriousness to all sorts of men. For this best suits both with the first Clause of the next Verse, which sheweth that he speaketh of Iob's first Afflictions which befell him when he was at ease; and with Iob's principal scope, which was to prove, that both eminent prosperity and affliction did indiffe∣rently happen to good and bad men: and this was evident from this example, because holy Iob was ruined, when these wicked people were most victorious and successful.
I lived in great peace and prosperity, which makes my present miseries more grievous to me: and therefore my Complaints are excusable, and I deserve pity rather than reproach from my friends.
Broken my Spirit with the sense of his anger, and my Body with loathsom Ulcers, as also by destroying my Children, a part of my own flesh or body.
As a mighty man doth with some young Stripling, when he wrestleth with him.
Ch. 7. 20.
That he may shoot all his Arrows into me, and that with delight, which Ar∣chers have in that exercise.
Ch. 19. 1•…•….
i. e. His Plagues or Judgments elsewhere compared to Ar∣rows, and here to Archers.
With his Arrows i. e. he wounds me inwardly, and mortally, and incurably: which also is noted by pouring out the gall; such wounds being deadly.
My Calamities have no interruption, but one immediately succeeds another, as it did, Chap. 1.
Who falls upon his Ene∣my with all his might, that he may overthrow and kill him.
i. e. I put on sackcloth sowed together, not upon my other garments, but next to my skin, as was done in great Calamities; as 2 Kings 6. 30. So far am I from stretching out my hands against God, whereof I am accused; Chap. 15. 25. that I have humbled my self deeply un•…•…er his hand,
I have willingly parted with all my Wealth, and Power, and Glory (as the horn oft signifies in Scripture; as Ps•…•…lm 75 5. & 132. 17 Luke 1. 69.) and been con∣tented to lie in the dust, and to endure the contempt which God hath brought upon me.
i. e. A gross and terrible darkness. My sight is very dim and dark, as is usual in case of fore Diseases, or excessive grief and weeping▪ Lam•…•…nt. 2 11. and especially in the approach of death: Compare Psalm 6. 7. & 38. 10. Lament. 5. 17.
And all this is not come upon me for any injurious dealing with others by oppression, or deceit, or bribery, wherewith I am implicitely charged; Chap. 15▪ 16, 20, 34. but for other reasons known to God onely, for I cannot discover them.
I do not cast off God's fear and service, as I am accused to do, Ch•…•…p. 15. 4. I do still pray and worship God, and my Prayer is accompanied with a sincere Heart, and •…•…defiled Conscience: See Psalm 109 7. Prov. 28. 9. 1 Tim. 2. 8. So that I have lived in•…•…ffensively towards God and towards men: And therefore your Assertion is both un∣charitable and false, that eminent Afflictions are peculiar to un∣godly men.
So called not actively; to wit, his own blood, but passively or ob•…•…ctively; i. e the blood of others shed by him and lying upon his Conscience. The Earth is said to cover that blood which lies undiscovered and unrevenged: Of which see on Gen. 4. 10, 11. Isa. 26 21. But saith Iob. if I be guilty of destroying any one man by Murder or Oppression, as I am traduced; O Lord, let the Earth disclose it, let it be brought to light, that I may suffer condign punishment for it.
Either 1. passively; to wit, the cries and groans which I have forced from others by my Op∣pressions: Let those Cries have no place to hide them. Or rather 2. actively, the Cry of my Complaints to men, or Prayers to God; let them find no place in the Ears or Hearts of God or men, if this be true: Or, no place; i. e. no regard, or no power or success▪ in which sense God's Word is said not to have place in evil men Iohn 8. 37. And Esa•…•… not to find place of repentance, Heb. 12. 17. i. e. All his Intreaties and Tears could not prevail with his Father to repent of and retract the Blessing given from him to Iacob.
Besides the Witness of Men, and of my own Conscience, God is Witness of my Integrity.
Heb. in the high places.
Who should defend me from the Scorns and Injuries of others.
So this word is used, Psal. 119. 51. Prov. 3. 34. & 19. 28.
Heb. are my •…•…orners.
I pour forth my Prayers and Tears to God, that he would judge me according to my Innocency, and plead my righteous cause against you.
Ch. 31. 35. Eccl. 6. 10. Isa. 45. 9. Rom. 9. 20.
O that either I or some faithful Advocate might be admitted to plead my Cause, either with God, or rather with you, before God's Tribunal, God being Witness and Judge between us. But this Verse is, and that very agreeably to the Hebrew Text, otherwise translated and Interpreted, either 1. With respect to Christ, And he (i. e. God last mentioned, to wit, God the Son, Christ Jesus) will plead for a man (i. e. for me, against whom you plead. He mo∣destly speaketh of himself in the third Person, as is usual,) with God, (to wit, with God the Father:) and the Son of man (as Christ is oft called) will plead for his Friend, or Companion, or Neighbour, i. e. For a man whom he hath taken into that Relation to himself. It is plain that the mystery of Mans Redemption by Christ was known to the ancient Patriarchs, as hath been oft noted before; and to Iob among others, Ch. 19. 25. Or 2. as the matter for which he prayed, and cried to God; That (so the Hebrew Vau is frequent∣ly used) he (i. e. God) would plead or judge or give sentence for a man (i. e. for me, or in my cause) with God, (i. e. with himself, the Noun being put for the Pronoun, as Gen. 2. 20. & 4. 15. Lev. 14. 15, 16. and elsewhere, or at his own Tribunal, to which I have appealed) as a man pleadeth for his Friend or Neighbour, with or be∣fore an earthly Judge and Tribunal. This seems most agreeable to the scope of the place, which was to maintain his own Integrity against his Friends before God.
Or, friend.
Heb. years of number.
i. e. To the state and place of the dead, whence men do not, and cannot return to this Life. The meaning is, my death hastens, and therefore I earnestly desire that the cause depending before God, between me and my Friends, may be searched out and de∣termined, that if I be guilty of these things whereof they accuse me, I may bear the shame and blame of it before all men, and if I be innocent, that I may live to see my own Integrity, and the credit of Religion, (which suffers upon this occasion) vindicated, that so I may die in peace with God, and may leave the favour of a good name behind me.