The Signes of outward Sorrances.

OUtward Sorrances are discerned when any member or part in an horse is dis∣figured or evill affected by the loss of true shape, disability in motion, the increase or decrease of number and quantity, the dispro∣portion of place, or the separating of things knit and united. And these accidents have divers names, as Imposthumes, Ulcers or wounds when they are in fleshy parts; Excre∣tions or Fractures on and in the bones; Rup∣tures in the veins; convulsions in the sinews, and Excoriations upon the skin.

The first is known by outward swellings, rotten or bloody sores; the next by utter dis∣ability in the member, or else plain halting. The next by Wens and Knots both soft and hard; the next by gordgings and haltings, and the last by scurf and leprosie:

Now forasmuch as the greatest part of Page  151 Sotrances, and especially those which are most hid and obscure, are found our by hal∣ting, I will shew you the severall manner of haltings, and what they signifie.

If the horse halt before, and lift not up his leg, but in a manner traileth it after the o∣ther, it sheweth a new hurt on the top of the shoulder.

If he cast his leg outward, or go Baker∣like, and not bend the knee, it is either an old hurt on the top of the shoulder, or if new, then it is a shoulder-plat, or rending betwixt the shoulder and the body: if in turning short he favour his foot, if griping his withers he complain, if he halt more when he is ridden then led, the offence is on the top of the shoulder: If standing in the stable, thrust forth his foot and favour it: then search his foot, and if in that be found no prick, no dry founder, no surbat, then it is in the mid part of the shoulder, or the coffin joynt.

If halting he bow down his head to the ground, and step short and thick, then it is in the forepart of the shoulder, at the breast. If in handling his elbow hard, he twitch up his foot suddenly from the ground, the of∣fence is there.

If on his shank bones (in their severall places be splents, excressions, windgalls or Page  152 Maleanders, and they sore, they will occasion halting, as any other outward Sorrance upon any other member.

Heat on the Crownet shews pain in the Coffin joynt.

In halting before, to trip on the Toe, shews pain in the heel; to favour the Toe, shews payn in the Toe; to halt more on un∣even ground then one •he even, shews pain in the feet, and in going from you and com∣ming to you, may be discerned, whether the outward or inward quarter: but to clear all doubts, the Pincers will shew any pain in the foot whatsoever.

If your horse halt behind, and in halting go sidelong, and not in an even line, the grief is in the hip, and yet but new, or in the Fillets, and may be new or old. If it be old in the hip, the hip will fall, and then no cure

If in halting he tread onely on his hinder Toe, and no offence in the foot▪ then the pain is in the stiffell. If in halting he bend not his hough or ham, and no outward Sor∣rance, yet the pain is there.

If he halt through any offence in his leg from the ham to the pastern, outward Sor∣rance or swelling will shew it; and so like∣wise for the other parts below it.

For soar Eyes, dim Eyes, and Moon eyes

Take Lapis Calaminaris halfe an ounce, and heat it red hot, and quenchin it a quar∣ter of a pint of Plantane water, or white wine: do this eight or nine times, then beat it to powder and put it to the water; then add half a dram of Aloes, and a scruple of Camphire in powder, and let them dissolve; drop this into the eye.

Another for eyes of like nature.

Take a pint of snow water, and dissolve into it three or four drams of white Vitrioll, and with it wash the horses eyes three or four times a day, and it helpeth.

For a white Film or Skin over the Eye.

Take the root of the black Sallow, and burn it to ashes: then put to it a like quan∣tity of Sugar and grated Ginger finely searc'd, blow this into the eye morning and evening.

For any sorenses in the eyes, as Pearl, Pin or Web, or Bruise.

Take a new laid egge, and rost it very hard, then cleave it in sunder longwise, and take out the yelk, then fill the empty holes with white vitriole finely beaten, and close the egge again; then rost it the second time, till the vitriole be molten. Lastly, beat the egge shell and all in a mortar, and strain it, and with that moisture dress the eye.

If in stead of the vitriole you fill the holes with Myrrh finely searc'd, and hang the egge up that it may drop, and with that moisture dress the eye: it is every way as good, onely it is a little stronger.

For foul eyes, sore eyes or sight almost lost.

There be some that for this great offence in the eye put in two fine small rowels long∣wise in the temples of the head, just behind the eyes: But for mine own part, I not much fancy it, because I fear it breeds more evil humor then it brings away, besides sore∣ness and disgrace; therefore in this cure my practise is thus—

Take Tacchamahaca, Mastick, Rosin and Page  155 Pitch, of each like quantity, and being molten with flax of the colour of the horse, lay it as a defensive on each side his temples, as big as a twenty shillings piece: then underneath his eyes upon the cheek bone (with a round Iron▪) burn three or four holes, and anoint them with sweet butter; then take a handfull of Seladine, and wash it clean in white wine, but let it touch no water, then bruise it, and strain it, and to the quantity of juyce, put the third part of womans milk, and a pretty quantity of white Sugarcandy, searc'd tho∣row a piece of Lawn, and with a feather, quill, or otherwise, drop it into the sore ey morning and evening.

Thus do for the worst of sore eys: but if the offence be not extream, then you may for∣bear both the defensitive, the burning and the rowels, and onely use the medicine.

The Master Medicine for a back sinew∣strain, or any strain, shrinking, or numbness of sinews.

Take a fat sucking Mastive whelp, fley it and howell it, then stop the body as full as it can hold with gray snails and black snails, then rost it at a reasonable fire; when it be∣gins to warm, bast it with six ounces of the Page  156 oyl of Spike made yellow with Saffron, and six ounces of the oyle of Wax: then save the droppings, and what moysture soever falls from it whilst any drop will fall, and keep it in a Gallipot.

With this anoint the strain, and work it in∣very hot, holding a bar of Iron before it; and thus do both morning and evening till a mendment:

Another in nature of a charge, for a back sinnew-strain.

Take five quarts of Ale, and a quarter of a peck of Glovers specks and boyl them till it come to a quart: then apply it hot to the grief and remove it not for five or six days.

For a strain in any yart, new or old.

Take of sheeps suet a pound, of sheeps dung two handfull, chopt hay an handfull, Wheat bran a pint, sweet Sope a quarter of a pound; boyl all these in a quart of strong Beer, and a quart of the grounds of strong Ale, till it come to a thick pultiss, then take it from the fire and col it with halfe a pint of wine vine∣gar, and a quarter of a pint of Aquavitae, then apply this very hot to the grief, and give him moderate exercise.

For a strain or sinew-bruise.

Take Comin-seeds and bruise it gross, then boyl it with the oyle of Camomile, and put to it so much yellow Wax'as will bring it to Cerrot, and spread it on either Cloth or Lea∣ther, and hot apply it to the grief.

For old strains, or cold cramps.

Take Aquavitae, Oyl de Bay, Oyl of Swal∣low•, Bolearmonie, Boars grease, black Sope, of each half a pound, boyl them till the A∣quavitae be incorporate; then take of Camom∣ile, Rue, red Sage, and Misseldine, of each an handful, dry them and bring them to powder, then mix it with the oyntment, and bring all to a gentle salve:

With this anoynt the grief, and hold an hot barre of Iron before it, chafing it in well; and thus do once a day, and in nine days the cure hath been effected.

A sudden cure for a knock or brnise on the sinews:

Take a live cat, wild or tame, and cut off her head and tail, then cleave her down the chine, and clap her hot b•wels and all to the bruise, and remove it not for two days.

For a strain newly done to help it in 24 hours.

Take the grounds of Ale or Beer, a quart, as much parsley chopt gross, as you can gripe, boyl them till the herb be soft, then put to it a quarter of a pound of sweet butter, and when it is molten, take it from the fire, and put into it a pint of Wine vinegar, and if it be too thin, thicken it with Wheat bran, then lay it upon hurds, and poultess-wise, as hot as the horse can suffer it, and remove it once in twelve hours, and give the horse moderate exercise.

Markhams own Balme which hath never failed him for any strain in the shoulder or other parts, hid or apparent, or for any wind-gall or, swelling,

Take ten ounces of Peice-grease, and melt it on the fire, then take it off and put into it four ounces of the oyle of Spike, one ounce of the oyle of Origanum, an ounce and a halfe of the oyle of Exceter, and three ounces of the oyle of St. Johns wort; stirre them well together, then put it up into a Gallipot

With this Oyntment (or indeed pretious Balm) hot, anoint the grieved part and rub and chafe it in very much, holding an hot Bar of Iron before it: and thus anoint it once in two days, but rub and chafe it in twice or rhrice a day, and give the horse moderate exercise.

For Sinews that are extended, overstrai∣ned, and so weakned, that the mem∣ber is useless.

Take of Cantharides, Euforbium and Mer∣cury, of each like quantity, and of oyle de Bay double as much as of all the rest; bring Page  160 the hard Simples to powder, and beat all to a salve, apply this to the griefe (being despe∣rate) and though it make a sore, it willgive strength and straightness to the sinews. For the sore you may cure it either with Popu∣leon, fresh Butter, or Deers grease warm.

Another of the same nature but, more gentle.

Take Turpentine two ounces, Verdigrease three ounces, Hoggs grease six ounces, boyl them till the Verdigrease be desolved, then take Rosin, Bees wax, of each two ounces, mix all together, then apply it to the place grieved, hot.

A charge for a new strain or grief, pro∣ceeding from heat.

Take the whites of six Eggs, and beat them with a pint of vinegar, the oyle of Ro∣ses and Myrtles, of each an ounce, Bolearmony four ounces, as much Sanguis Dracones, and with as much Bean flower or Wheat flower, but Bean is the best, as will thicken it, bring it to a salve, and spreading it one hurds, lap it about the grieved part, and renew it not till it be dry.

For Aches, Cramps, and hid paines.

Take Deers Suet, or for want of it, sweet Butter half a pound, of Aquavitae a Gill, of Saffron half a dram, Pepper beaten and searc'd three drams, Garlick bruised three heads; mix all together, and let them stew on the fire, and not boyl till it come to a salve.

With this very warme chafe the grief, then anoint a brown paper therewith, and very hot apply to the place also, and roll it up. Do this morning and evening

For swelled or garded leggs, whether by Grease or other accident.

If your horses leggs be swelled, onely be∣cause the grease is fallen into them & there is no other outward ulcer, neither will the ba∣thing with cold fountain water and other ordinary helps asswage them: then take a pottle of wine lees, or else the grownds of strong Ale or Beer, and boile it with a pound of hogs grease; then with as much wheat bran as will thicken it, make thereof a Pul∣tiss: then having made the horse an hose of wollen cloath, fill it with this pultiss as hot as the horse can suffer it, then close up the hose Page  162 and let it abide two days; the third day open the hose at the top, but stir not the pultiss, onely take molten Hoggs grease very hot, and put it to the pultiss whilst it will receive any, for that wil renew the strength thereof: then close the hose, and let him stand either two days or three. Then you may open the legg and rub it down, and if you find strong occa∣sion, you may apply another; if not, the cure is wrought.

Now, if besides the swelling, your horse have ulcers, chaps and soars, then apply the pultiss as before shewed: and after a weeks application take a quart of old urine, and put to it half an handful of salt, as much Allume, and half an ounce of white Copperas, boyl them together, and with it wash the sore once or twice a day: Then after a little drying an∣oint them with the oyntment called Aegipti∣acum, and is made of vinegar eight ounces, of hony twelv ounces, of verdigreas two ounces, of Allum an ounce and an halfe, and boyled to the height, till it come to a red salve, and it will both kill the malignant humors, and heal and dry up the soars.

For sweld leggs, whether by grease, goutiness, wind, or travell.

First, bathe them well with the Pickle, or Brine which comes from Olives being made hot: then take a pint of Train oyl, as much nerve oyl, and as much oyl de Bay, a quarter of a pound of Allum, half a pint of Sallet oyl, half a pound of Hogs grease; put all these to a pottle of old urine, and with an handfull or two of Mallows, Oatmeal bruised, and Bran, boyl them to a pultiss, and very hot apply it to the grief: Do thus once in two days.

For gardings in joynts.

Make a very strong Brine of Water and Salt, and to a pottie thereof put two or three handfull of Rew, and boyl it till the herb be soft: then with this water very hot bathe the grieved part.

Then take a flat bagg, fild with Salt, and heated hot at the fire, and lap it about the grief also. And thus do once or twice a day.

For Scratches at the first appearance.

Take Hogs grease and black sope of each eight ounces, Brimstone, Lime, Gunpowder, each three ounces, and soot as much as will suffice to bring the rest to a salve; boyl the Hogs grease and ••pe together; and bring the other to a sine powder, and mix all together and make a black oyntment: with this anoint the soars once a day, after they are cleansed and made raw.

For Scratches of long continuance.

Take hony, Verdigrease, Brimstone bruised small, green Copperas, and Bay salt, of each like quantity, boyl these with a double quan∣tity of Hogs grease, and put to it a big root of Elicampan bruised in red wine vinegar, apply this to the sores very hot, after you have cut a way the hair, and made the sores raw, as also suppled them by bathing them with new milk from the Cow.

For Scratches held incurable.

First let him blood in the shackle veins, the spur veins, and the •ore toe veins, onely let∣ting it be three days between the bleeding of Page  165 the one Toe and the other: then with an hair∣cloth rub the sores til they be raw and bleed; then take a quart of old urine, and a quart of strong brine, and put to them halfe a pound of Allum, and boyl it to a quart.

With this hot, wash the sores wel, then take the sperm of Froggs (in March) and put it in∣to an earthen pot, and in a week it will look like oyl: then take both the oyl and the round things which you shal see in the sperm and spreading it on a cloath, bind it to the soars, and do this divers times.

For any Splent, Spaven, Curb, Ringbone or Excression.

First clip away the hair as far as the ex∣cression goeth, and a little more, then take a piece of Allumd Leather made as big as the place you have bared, and fitted to the •ame proportion: then take a little Shooe∣makers Wax, and spread it round about the very edge or verge of the same, leaving all the inward part empty and not touched with the Wax: Then take the herb Spear∣grass, or Spearwort, which hath the vertue to raise blisters, and bruising it, lay some thereof upon the Leather in the empty place, and bind it fast thereon, suffering it so to lye 〈◊〉 if it be in the Spring) or Summer time, Page  166 when the herb hath its full strength) near half a day; but if it be in winter, then it is not a miss (to renew the strength of the herb) if you add to it a drop or two of the oyl of Origa∣num, and let it lie half a day fully, and be sure to tie up the horses head, for fear of biting it away.

When you take away the herb, rub the place well and anoynt it with Train-oyl warm, or else lay on a Diminium plaister.

Another for a foul Splint.

Take Nerve oyl one ounce, Cantharides the weight of sixpence, and as much of the oyle of Vipers, boyl them lightly; then with this anoint the Splint cross the hair, and heat it in with a hot Iron, then tie up the horses head to the Rack for 24 hours: then squeeze out the corruption, and do this twice o• thrice.

For a Splint, and to dry up windgalls.

First, heat the Sorrance with an hot pres∣sing Iron, then vent it in severall places with your Fleam; then take a spoonfull of salt, half a spoonfull of nerve oyl, a peny weight of verdigrease, and the white of an egg: beat all to a salve: and dipping flax hurds therein: apply it to the grief.

For Pains, M•les and Rats-tails.

First take away all the scabs and make the sore raw, then with strong mustard made with wine vinegar, anoint them all over, and do this every night. The next morning take half a pound of green Copperas, and boyl it in a pottle of running water with an handfull of sage, and so much hyssop, a quarter of a pound of Allume, and as much strong mu∣stard, and with this bath the sore twice or thrice a day.

For Malander or Selander.

Take the oyl of bay an ounce, half so much sugar, and a good quantity of the oyl o• froth which cometh from green broom stalks being laid in the fire, mix it wel, and with this anoynt the soars, and it kills and dryes them up.

For the Swift-cut and to heal all wounds.

Take a pint of white Wine and put to it two or three spoonfulls of honey, and stirr them and boyl them to a salve, then take it from the fire, and put to it halfe so much Turpentine as there was honey, and stirre all together.

Page  168With this salve somwhat hot, anoint the soars twice or thrice a day, and it is a most speedy healer.

For any Maunge or Scab in a clean fed Horse

First let blood, then take a quart of old U∣rine or Vinegar, and break into it a quarter of a pound of good Tobacco, then set it on a fire of embers and not boyl, and so let it stew all night: with this water wash the in∣fected places, whether it be in the Mane or otherwise, and it helpeth.

For any Maungie or universall Leprosie in a foul surfeited Horse.

First, let blood in the neck-vein, and take, a way good store, then curry off all the scurf, and take verdjuce and vinegar a pint, cow-piss a pint, train oyle a pint, old urine a pint, & put to them an handful of wild Tansie, an hand∣ful of Bay salt, a quarter of a pound of brim∣stone, as much Alome, two ounces of verdi∣grease and four ounces of Bolarmonie, boyl all well together.

With this (very hot) wash the horse well, and if you put to it the quantity of a pint of blood you take away, it is not amiss: do this twice or thrice.

For a Canker, foul Ulcer, Leprosie, and to make hair grow.

Take a quart of Tar, and on the fire put to it half a pound of Bores grease, an ounce of Copperat, a quarter of a pound of Saltpeter, two ounces of wax, a quart of honey, a quar∣ter of a pound of Rozme, two ounces of ver∣digrease, a quart of Lynseed oyl, and seeth them till half be consumed; then strain it, & keep it in a close pot. Then, when you will use it, take of it warm, and apply it to the soar, it doth both heal, draw, and make hair grow.

For a Fistula, or Pol-evill.

Take Euforbium with Mastick, mix them together, then seeth them well with French Sope, and make a tent, and put it into the Fi∣stula, and it will consume the evill moisture.

For a foul Farcy.

Take Tar and fresh Hogs grease, of each half a pound, Hemlock an handfull, Arse∣smart three handfull, and as many Nettles, boyl these in a pottle of old Urine, and apply it very hot to the swelling, but touch it not with your hand, for it is too sharp.

Lastly, take a pint of white wine vinegar, a quarter of an ounce of verdigrease, and a little bundle of Hyssop, beat them in a mor∣tar, Page  170 and boyl it to an half pint: then with Balls of flax put it luke-warm into both his ears, and stich the tips together, then tye his head up to the Rack for two hours: Do thus twice.

For a most desperate Farcy.

Take the herb called Clay-clayes, which is a weed growing by the water side, having a great broad round leaf, and is green on the upper side and white on the neather; & Rew of each a like quantity, beat them and strain them: then to a pint of that juice, put of Housleek a handful, half a pint of Aquavitae, and two good spoonfull of pepper beaten and fearc'd.

Of this liquor take a pint and give it the horse to drink, then with round balls of flax dipt in the same, stop up both his ears, then with the strained bruisings of all the herbs, rub the soars, and stop the holes if there be any hollowness: do thus twice at the least.

For any Founder or Frettize wet or dry.

First, pare thin, open the heels wide, and take good store of blood from the Toes or shackle veins (which some hold good) then rack on a shoo somwhat hollow, broad at Page  171 the heels, and the inside of the web, from the first nail to the heel turned inward, towards the Frog, yet not touch any part thereof, or the hoof: so that the horse may tread on the out verge of the shooe, and not on the inward, then take Burgundy pitch, and rol∣ling it in a little fine Cotton-wooll or Bom∣bast, with an hot Iron melt it into the foot betwixt the shoo and the toe, till the orifice where the blood was taken be filled up; then take a pound of Hogs grease, and melt it, and mix it with Wheat bran, till it be as thick as a pultiss: then boyling hot stop up the hor∣ses feet therewith, then cover it with a piece of an old shoo, and splent it up, and so let him stand for three or four daies: then if occa∣sion serve you may renew it, or otherwise the cure is wrought.

To make Hooves to grow quickly, and to be tough and strong.

Take Allum, the juice of Garlick, of each seven ounces, Rew three handfull, old hogs grease two pound, of Asses dung, or for want of it, Cow dung an handfull, mix them and boyl them together.

With this both stop the horses feet, and anoint the crownets of the hooves, the me∣dicine being hot.

For brittle Hooves.

Take Turpentine, Sheeps sue?, unwrought Wax and Hogs grease of each half a pound, Pitch, Rozin, half a pound, Sallet oyl half a pint, and of Dogs grease a pound; boyl all together, and keep it in a Gallipot: with this oyntment anoint the Hooves outwardly, and if you please tie some of the ointment with a cloth to the crownets, then stop them within with Cow dung, and Dogs grease mixt toge∣ther.

For Surbat or soarness in the Feet, whether by travell, too near paring, or other accident.

Take a lump of course sugar, and with an hot Iron melt it between the shooe and the Foot, and when it is hardned, take Nettles and bay salt, and stamp them, stop up the Frog of the foot also.

For a Quitterbone.

First, tent it a day or two with hogs grease and Verdigrease ground together: then take scalding hot Hogs grease and poure it into the hole, and lay a plaster of pitch and Tar mixt over it for 24 hours; then if the Bone rise not, do the same again and it will rise.

For Saddle-bruises, hard swellings, and Impostumations.

First, ripen it with wet hay, or rotten lit∣ter; then when it is soft, open it and let out the corruption, then fill the hollowness with the powder of Rozin, and lay a plaster of Shoomakers wax over it: and thus do once a day till it be whole. If it be slow in skinning or drying up, throw on the powder of un∣slackt lime, and Bolarmony mixt together. But if any proud flesh arise, take it down either with burnt Allam or Verdigrease in powder.

Another for a soar back.

Take the juice of Seladine and life Hony, of each two spoonfull, beat them with the yelk of an egg, and with as much Allum and wheat flower as will serve to bring it to a salve, dress the soar with this once a day; it draweth and healeth.

For a prick with a pitchfork on the Crownet or other part.

Take a pottle of Urine, two handfull of Mallows, and half a pound of Boars grease, boyl them together, and being reasonable hot, bathe the leggs therewith; then apply the Mallows to the wound: but if the swel∣ling Page  174 ascend upward and be great, then rope the legg up, and moist the ropes with his u∣rine. This is good for any swelling, whether of grease or otherwise.

For any chafing or galling.

Make the sore dry, and then rub it with a raw egg shell and all.

A generall salve for any sore, swelling, prick, cloying, or tread.

Take Turpentine, black sope, hogs grease, green Treat and pitch like quaintity, mix and boyl them together, and apply it warm either plasterwise or tentwise.

To make hair grow in bald places.

Take sope a quarter of a pound, as much Bears grease, and a quarter of a pint of Aqua∣vitae: boyl these together and apply it to the bald places; in a fortnight it will bring hair.

To stanch blood.

Take wild Tansie, and bruise it in your hand, and apply it. Also primrose leaves used in the like manner have the same effect. Otherwise take a piece of an old Felt hat, Page  175 and burn it to powder, and apply it to the wound, or put it up, or snuff it up into the nose if it bleed.

For Enterfering.

Take a sharp and knotted Cord, and draw it from his dock, betweene his leggs to the Girths, and so ride him, or else rub starch be∣tween his thighs. This I allow rather for an Horsecoursers Help, them a present cure.

To tame an unruly Horse that he may be drencht or drest of anygrief.

Put into one of his ears a little round sharp flint stone, and gripe it hard therein; if you do so to both, he will be more quiet.