The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens.

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Title
The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens.
Author
Mariana, Juan de, 1535-1624.
Publication
London :: Printed for Richard Sare ... and Thomas Bennet ...,
1699.
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Subject terms
Spain -- History.
Link to this Item
http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A51926.0001.001
Cite this Item
"The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A51926.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 18, 2025.

Pages

CHAP. II. The Moors of Granada murder Mahomet their King. Wars among all the Christian Kings of Spain. Alonso King of Aragon dies. Fresh Rebellions in Castile. The Portugues Fleet-beaten by the 〈…〉〈…〉.

THE Kings of Castile and Granada, after concluding the Truce, dined together, and strove to outdo one another in making Rich Presents, which prov'd the ruin of the later. The King of Castile went to Sevil, Abomelique to Algezira, and he of Granada to Malaga. * 1.1 There the Sons of Ozmin, hating the King for his entertaining Friendship with the Christians, conspir'd with one Abmar of the antient Blood Royal of Granada, and murder'd him on the

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20th of August. Reduan a Gentleman of great Note, who had been Governour of Granada, and had no hand in this Treason, set up Joseph Bulhugia, Brother to the deceas'd, which dis∣pleas'd many, because there was another Brother Elder than he, call'd Ferrachen. Thus the Moors were in confusion, D. Gonçalo and Ferdinand de Aguilar, two Brothers, Lords of Mon∣tilla and Aguilar, went over to the New King, being disoblig'd by their own. Incursions were made upon the Borders, and the Truce lately concluded, violated. More mischief had ensu'd, but that Abomelique was call'd into Africk by his Father to serve against Tremeçen. He being gone, a Truce was again concluded in the beginning of the year 1334. with the New * 1.2 King for four years; yet so that the Moors were freed from the Tribute they used to pay, the King of Castile being wholly bent upon subduing his Rebels. At this time the Lady Ellenor de Guzman the King's Mistriss, was brought to Bed of two Sons at a Birth, which were Henry and Fredrick, of whom we shall have much occasion to speak. In the Spring the King return'd to Ca∣stile, was at Segovia, and thence went to Valladolid. The Rebellious Nobles not being able to * 1.3 maintain a War, were hard press'd, and most of the Towns belonging to them taken, the greatest part of Biscay submitting to the King, to whom they swore Fidelity under an Old Tree at Guernica, as is their Custom. Some few Places impregnable by Nature, still held out for D. John de Lara. D. John de Haro was beheaded as a Traytor in his own Town of Agoncillo, and his Estate Confiscate, except the Town of Cameros, given to his Brothers D. Alvaro and D. Alonso, that so Noble a Family might not wholly perish. The Governour of the Castle of Iscar shut the Gates against the King, and being taken, lost his Head for the same. About the end of August the Queen was deliver'd of a Son at Burgos, who was call'd Peter; and his Brother Ferdinand dying, came to be King of Castile. By the Lady Ellenor the King had another Son call'd Ferdinand. In Aragon two Brothers of that King dy'd one after another, one was D. Jayme Master of the Knights of Montesa, who had renounc'd his Right to the Crown, and D. John Archbishop of Tarragona, in whose place Arnaldus Cascomes Bishop of Lerida succeeded. The King of Aragon by reason of his indisposition, committed the whole care of the Government to his eldest Son Prince Peter. Queen Ellenor who govern'd the King, through her importunity obtain'd of him several Towns for her Sons Ferdinand and John, to the prejudice of Prince Peter, and as was said, contrary to the King's Oath, who had sworn not to alienate any thing belonging to the Crown. This was the ground of great Hatred betwixt the Mother and Son-in-Law, which caus'd many Tumults in the Kingdom. The Queen had a meeting with her Brother of Castile, and he promis'd to support her, as did D. John de Exerica, and his Brother Peter, who were both of her Party.

At the beginning of the year 1335, D. John Manuel, terrify'd by the example, of D. John de Haro * 1.4 and D. John de Lara, was reconcil'd to the King, to the great Joy of all People; for * 1.5 which there were publick Sports, and particularly a notable Turnament. But this Joy was not lasting; for the King of Portugal was resolv'd to put away his Wife Blanch, and Marry the Lady Constance, and rathe hazard a War, than not have his Will. The King of Aragon's Eldest Son was contracted to Mary, Daughter to the King of Navarre, she eing preferr'd before her Sister Joanna the Elder, to inherit the Crown, in case that King dy'd without Issue Male. Henry Viceroy of Navarre contriv'd these Affairs, which were very displeasing to the King of Castile, against, whom they seem'd to be levell'd; for the Prince of Aragon made this League with Navarre in hatred to his Mother-in-Law. The Navarrois surpriz'd the Monastery of Fitero, apper∣taining to Castile. Complaint being made to the King of Aragon, he answer'd, by reason of his Indisposition, he could not govern his Son. Thus the War broke out. Martin Portocar∣rero was sent with a great Army into Navarre. They came to a Battel near Tudela, which was very Bloody; but the Navarrois were defeated, and a great number of them drowned in the River Ebro. D. Michael Zapata the Aragonian General, was absent, fortifying Fitero, but * 1.6 appear'd on the Neighbouring Hills when the Battel was almost over. His coming caus'd the Navarrois to Raily, and the Battel was renew'd; yet the Aragonians, tho' they came in fresh, were put to Flight, and their General taken by the Castillians. The Slaughter was not so great as expected, because the Castilians were tir'd, and Night drew on; besides that, the Enemy differ'd not in Language, which sav'd many. On the other side, the Biscayners under their General Lope de Lescan̄o, having destroy'd all the Territory of Pamplona, took the Castle of Ʋnsa. Thus the Insolency of the Navarrois was check'd. At that time the King of Castile lay sick of an Ague at Palencia, and taking Compassion of the Navarrois, order'd his General to March out of that Country; who brought with him Prince Peter of Aragon's Royal Stand∣ard. Gaston Earl of Faux, march'd to the Assistance of Navarre; and their Forces being joyn'd, they laid Siege to Logron̄o, the chief City on the Frontiers. The Neigh∣bouring People, and Inhabitants of that Place, gave the Enemy Battel, but were defeated, and forc'd to retire into the City, Ruy Diaz de Gao•••••• ••••••mander, and a Native of Logron̄o, with only three Soldiers, made good a Bridge against the whole Army of the Enemy, left they should enter the Town together with the Citizens. He was kill'd, his Companions came off, and defended the Town; for the Navarrois finding great opposition, rais'd the Siege, and return'd home. John Archbishop of Reimes going on Pilgrimage to Santiago at this time, in his way made a Peace betwixt these two Crowns. Three Embassies came at once to the King of Castile, from the Kings Edward of England, Philip of France, and Alboacen of Morocco. The last sent Rich Presents, and desir'd to have the Truce renew'd. The English

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offer'd a Wife for Prince Peter, which was refus'd by reason of his tender Age. This in the Year 1335. Soon after at the beginning of the following Year, D. Alonso King of Aragon * 1.7 dy'd at Barcelona. He was a just, merciful and religious Prince, and was therefore call'd * 1.8 the Pious. He was more Fortunate during his Father's Reign than his own, and that by rea∣son of his continual Indisposition. To D. Jayme his youngest Son, by his first Wife he left the Earldom of Ʋrgel, and Prince Peter was Heir to the Crown. To his Sons by the 2d Wife he left other Possessions, as has been said above. Queen Ellenor fearing her Son in Law, went away to Albarazin, being a place of great Strength, and near the Frontiers of Castile. D. John, and Peter de Exerica follow'd her. A Storm threatened Castile from Portugal, and no great Confidence could be repos'd in the Loyalty of D. John Manuel, and D. John de Lara; the former was much troubl'd at the delays of the Marriage with Portugal, but fear'd to stir in it without the King's leave lest he should seize his great Patrimony in Castile. D. Peter Fernandez de Castro, and D. John Alonso de Albuquerque openly rebell'd and solicited the * 1.9 King of Portugal to make War in Castile. The King took several places belonging to D. John de Lara, and besieg'd him in the City Lerma, all possible Means were us'd to enter the Place or bring the Townsmen to deliver up D. John, but they stood firm to him. D. John Manuel in order to relieve the Place, went to Pen̄afiel a Town of his own, and narrowly escap'd being taken by the King. D. John Albuquerque submitted himself. The King of Portugal sent Embassadors to perswade him of Castile to raise the Siege, but they did nothing, and their King assembling his Forces, lay'd Siege to Badajoz. Alonso de Sousa sent by him with a Par∣ty to plunder the Country, was routed and many of his Men kill'd and taken, which mov'd the Portugues to raise the Siege, and return home. Lerma having lost all Hopes of Relief was surrender'd. Nevertheless D. John de Lara was restor'd to the King's Favour, and to all his Estate in Biscay. Only Lerma was Dismantled, as a Punishment for its Rebellion. This year the King of Morocco added the Kingdom of Tremeçen to his Dominions, having over∣thrown and kill'd that King, which rais'd the Hopes of the Moors, and was a new Terror to the Christians.

The King of Castile labour'd in vain to gain his Nobles by fair means. He kept his Christ∣mas * 1.10 in the Year 1337. at Valladolid. There he made D. John de Lara his Standard-Bearer, and pardon'd D. John Manuel a false Man, who Treated with both the Kings of Castile and Aragon at once, that he might always have one to fly to. The Enmity betwixt the King of * 1.11 Aragon and his Mother in Law continu'd, and tho he was Solicited by an Embassador, to an Accommodation, he only gave fair Words. The King of Castile met his Sister at Ayllon, and there at her Request, order'd D. James de Haro to make an Incursion into Aragon, with the Forces of Soria, Molina, Cuenca, and that Neighbourhood. Queen Ellenor went to meet the King at Madrid, he having appointed a great Rendezvouz of his Forces at Badajoz, in or∣der to make War upon Portugal. Now was Born to the King, by the Lady Ellenor, ano∣ther Son call'd D. Tello. By the way of Badajoz, the Castilians broke furiously into Portugal, and Harrass'd all the Country, but the King falling Sick of a Fever at Olivença, was oblig'd in June to return to Sevil. About the same time Godfrey, Admiral of Castile having scour'd all the Coast, not far from Lisbon, fought the Portugues Fleet, commanded by Pecanus, a Genoese. At first the Portugueses had the best, and took two Castilian Galleys, but their * 1.12 Admiral being soon after taken, and his Flag lower'd, the Enemy was soon put to Flight, 6 of their Galleys sunk, and 8 taken, with their Admiral and his Son Charles. This Victo∣ry was so great, that the King himself went out to meet the Admiral at his Return to Se∣vil. The Arch-Bishop of Reims, Embassador from the King of France, and the Great Ma∣ster of Rhodes, from the Pope were here endeavouring to conclude a Peace, but effected no∣thing, and the King of Castile being recover'd, broke into Portugal again through Algarve, where formerly were the Turdetani, whilst the Portugues with whom his Subjects were high∣ly offended, made the War upon Galicia. The King of Castile having met no Army of the Enemy in Autumn, return'd to Sevil.

Notes

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