The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens.

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Title
The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens.
Author
Mariana, Juan de, 1535-1624.
Publication
London :: Printed for Richard Sare ... and Thomas Bennet ...,
1699.
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Subject terms
Spain -- History.
Link to this Item
http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A51926.0001.001
Cite this Item
"The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A51926.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 24, 2025.

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CHAP. VI. The Marriages of two Kings, Ferdinand of Castile, and Jayme of Aragon, King Ferdinand quells many Commotions. Death of the Kings of France and Portugal.

THIS Year of our Lord 1219. there hap'ned a great Famine and Mortality in Spain. * 1.1 At the same time Jayme, King of Aragon, was about removing his Uncle Sancho from * 1.2 the Government, but upon his promise of acting better for the future, forgave him. The King, tho' but 11 Years of Age, began to give tokens of Valour, and take delight in Arms, and Martial Affairs. One Roderick de Lizana, a Man in great Power, was at variance with a Kinsman of his own, called Lope Albero, and of great Friends, they were become mortal Ene∣mies. Roderick watching his opportunity, seizes his Adversary, and carries him Prisoner to his Castle of Lizana. The King commanded him to use no further Violence, but be content with what he had done, but he refused to obey. This so offended the King, that gathering a Body of Men at Huesca, he marched to Albero, a Town Lizana had possess'd himself of, and in two days recover'd it. Thence he came before the Castle of Lizana, the Patrimony of that rebellious Gentleman; and because the Garison refused to surrender, caused a famous En∣gine to be brought from Huesca, which would cast 1500 Stones in 24 Hours. With this the Wall was shaken, many Men killed, and the Garison obliged to surrender. Albero was re∣stored to his liberty, and his Adversary having lost the Castle, fled to Albaracin, where Pe∣ter Fernandez de Açagra was his great Friend. Thence having according to the Custom of those times, in Writing, Renounced his Country and Allegiance, he infested the Borders of Aragon. The King flush'd with his former Success, marched to Albarazin, a small, but very strong Place, being encompassed with Rocks, and almost surrounded by the River Turia,

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commonly called Guadalaviar. Two Months in the heat of Summer, the King lay before it, and was forced at last to raise the Siege. Nevertheless, Peter Fernandez de Açagra, was soon after restored to the Kings favour. All the Nobility interceded for him, his own Services were a great recommendation, and the King was willing to gain so considerable a Man. These things were done in Aragon, in the Year 1220. In Castile the same Year, on S. * 1.3 Andrew's Day, the Marriage of King Ferdinand, with Beatrix, Daughter to the late Empe∣ror * 1.4 Philip, was Celebrated. Embassadors had been sent to Treat of this match, to the Em∣peror, Frederick II. after four Months delay it was concluded. In France the Bride was en∣tertained by King Philip with great Liberality. Queen Berengaria, went as far as the Bor∣ders of Biscay, to receive her, and at the end of a whole Year spent in this Negotiation, they all arrived at Burgos, the place appointed for this Solemnity. Maurice Bishop of that City perform'd the Ceremony, and the day before had said Mass in his Pontificalibus, during which the King Knighted himself, there being none worthy to perform that Act, as was the Custom of those times. This match prov'd fortunate in a numerous Issue, for they had Se∣ven Children, viz. Alonso, Ferderick, Philip, Sancho, Emanuel, Ellenor who dy'd Young, and Berengaria who was a Nun, in the Monastery of Huelgas near Burgos. At the same time * 1.5 the Aragonians, desiring to secure the Succession of the Crown, sent Embassadors to Queen Berengaria, to Treat of a match betwixt their King, and her Sister Ellenor. This Proposal being very advantagious to her, was easily accepted, and the Town of Agreda, on the Bor∣dors of Castile and Aragon, appointed to Celebrate the Nuptials. Queen Berengaria came first with her Sister, and soon after King Jaime, with a Noble retinue. The Marriage was * 1.6 Celebrated in the Year 1221. yet the Bride, the King being yet very young, continued a Maid a year and half after, as he himself relates in the History, he writ of his own Life. On the 20th of June, Roderick Archbishop of Toledo, consecrated the Church of S. Romanus, in the highest part of that City. Upon the 23d of November, was born King Ferdinand's Eldest * 1.7 Son, called Alonso. About the beginning of December, a great Earthquake shook many Build∣ings, and mighty Floods, and Winds following upon it, part of the Walls, and many Houses * 1.8 fell down. These things were the more terrible, because the City being high, and built upon Rocks, seem'd the safer against such disasters.

Navarre, Portugal, and Leon, now enjoy'd Peace. The Moors wasted themselves with Civil Wars. In Castile and Aragon, there were some Commotions, but not considerable. * 1.9 Roderick Lord of Cameros, a Man in great Power, confiding in his strength, presum'd to pillage the Country about him. Being summon'd by the King, to Answer for himself, he Answer'd, he had taken the Cross, in Order to go to the War in the Holy-Land. This was a common excuse in those times, the Pope's among other priviledges, having granted, that such as wore the Cross, should not be Try'd before the Civil Magistrate, but in the Spiritual Courts. But that shift availed him nothing, for he was constrained to appear at Valladolid, whither the Court was remov'd from Burgos, and being accused of many Crimes, he fled. He was attainted, and his Estate Confiscated. Yet being a resolute Man, he fortified him∣self, in the strong holds he had, wherefore to prevent a War, he was not only Pardon'd, but 14000 Duccats given him, to quit those Towns he held for the King. After this follow'd * 1.10 another revolt. D. Gonzalo Nunez de Lara, who only remained of the Three Brothers, perswaded D. Gonçalo Perez Lord of Molina, to invade the Neighbouring Country about him, hoping by these troubles to be restor'd to his Country, for he was in Barbary, ever since the Death of his Brother Ferdinand, having gone thither with him. Some action there was, but not considerable, for the Lord of Molina, perceiving the danger he was in, begg'd par∣don, and obtain'd it, through the intercession of Queen Berengaria. Thus D. Gonzalo de Lara despairing of succeess, went into Andaluzia, where among the Moors, at Baeça he end∣ed his Days, neither Godly nor Honourably. Such was the end of those Three Brothers, from whom is descended the Family of Manriquez, well known in Spain. It was now the Year 1222. when the King of Leon, gathering a great Army, as well of Soldiers in pay, as those * 1.11 who taking the Cross, served upon their own expence, entred Estremadura, and laid Siege to Caceres. The Moors to raise the Siege, promised a great sum of Money, they expected out of Africk, but having obtained their ends, performed not, and we were not in a Con∣dition then to force them. About this time Maurice an Englishman, and Bishop of Burgos, laid the Foundation of the Cathedral of that City, and finish'd it. Many other Churches, * 1.12 and Stately Buildings were erected in several parts of Spain. Eleven Years before this, we now write of Roderick Archbishop of Toledo, built the great Church of Talavera. D. John Chancellor to the King, erected two Churches, one at Valladolid, and the other at Osma, when he was Bishop of that See. D. Nun̄o Bishop of Astorga, raised the Bishop's Palace in that City. D. Laurence Bishop of Orense, built a Bridge over the River Min̄o, the Cathe∣dral and Episcopal Palace. Stephen Bishop of Tuy, and Martin of Zamora, spent their Re∣venues in such like works. The King and the Queen his Mother, Liberally adorned those Churches, and by their example stirred up the Prelates, to lay out the profits of their Bene∣fices in the Service of the Church. Let us return to the Course of the History. In July dy'd Roger Earl of Faux, his Son Roger Bernard succeeded him. In August following, Raymund Earl of Toulouze, departed this Life, both favourers of the Heresie of the Albigenses, and there∣fore excommunicated, for which reason the Son and Heir to the Earl of Toulouze, could never ob∣tain

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leave to bury his Father's Body in hollow'd ground. In Aragon, the King on the 21th * 1.13 of December, pardoned Gerard Viscount Cabrera, who during the troubles, had possessed himself by force of the Earldom of Ʋrgel, spoiling Aurembiasse of the Patrimony left him, by his Father Armengaud. This was done upon Condition, he should stand to the Judgment, that should be given betwixt that Lady and him. Sancho Earl of Russillon, the King's Unkle, was still Living. His Son Nun̄o governed that Country, with whom William of Moncada, Lord of Bearn, tho' they were before great Friends, being offended, he entred the Lands of Russillon, doing great harm. Nun̄o not able to oppose him, had recourse to the King of Aragon, of∣fering to stand to Arbitration, and make reparation of any damage should be laid to his charge. The King warn'd Mancada to forbear violence, and stand to judgment, and he refusing, invaded his Lands so furiously, that he took from him 130 Towers and Castles, and the Town of Cervellon near Barcelona. The Castle of Moncada being strongly fortified, and William himself in it, could not be so easily carry'd. Thus much in the Year 1223. * 1.14 in which on the 15th of July dy'd Philip King of France at Medun. His Son Luis VIII. Hus∣band * 1.15 to Blanch of Castile, and Father to S. Luis succeeded him. The Year following, Alonso II. Sirnamed, the Fat King of Portugal, deceased at Coimbra, and was buryed in the Mona∣stery of Alcobaça, near his Wife D. Ʋrraca, in a mean Tomb, as was used in those days. He left Three Sons, Sancho, Sirnamed Capelo, his Successor, Alonso who Marry'd Maud Coun∣tess of Bologne in France, and Ferdinand Lord of Serpa, who Marry'd Sancha, the Daughter of Ferdinand de Lara. He also left one Daughter called Ellenor, Marryed to the King of Dacia, as the Histories of Portugal say, I will not dispute the truth of it.

Notes

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