Mechanick exercises, or, The doctrine of handy-works by Joseph Moxon.

B.

BAck or Hip-molding. The backward Hips or Val∣ley-Rafters in the way of an Angle for the back part of a Building.

Bannister, Numb. 8. Plate 11. g g g.

Base, is commonly the Bottom of a Cullumn. See Numb. 6. Plate 6. h. and Plate 7. B.

Batement, To abate or waste a piece of Stuff, by forming of it to a designed purpose. Thus instead of asking how much was cut off such a piece of Stuff, Carpenters ask what Batement that piece of Stuff had.

Batter, the side, or part of the side of a Wall, or any Timber that bulges from its bottom or founda∣tion, is said to Batter, or hang over the Founda∣tion

Battlement, A flat Roof or Platform to walk on. But Battlements are more properly Walls built about the Platform to inclose it, as is seen upon Towers for defence: Part of the Battlement being

Breast high that Musquetiers may shoot over it, the other part Man-high, to secure Men from the shot of their Enemies.

Bauk, a piece of Fir unslit, from four to ten Inches square: and of many lengths.

Bear, Timber is said to Bear at its whole length, when neither a Brick-wall, or Posts, &c. stand be∣tween the ends of it. But if either a Brick-Wall or Posts, &c. be Trimmed up to that Timber, then it is said to Bear only at the distance between the Brick-wall or Post, and either end of the Timber. Thus Carpenters ask what

Bearing such a piece of Timber has? The answer is 10, 12, 15, &c. Foot, according to the length of the whole Timber, or else according to the distance between either end of the Timber, and a

Bearer, viz. a Post or Brick-wall that is Trimmed up between the two ends of a piece of Timber, to shorten its Bearing.

Bond, when Workmen say make good Bond, they mean fasten the two or more pieces of Timber well together, either with Tennanting and Mortessing, or Duff-tailing, &c.

Binding Joysts, See Trimmers, or Plate 10. b b b.

Brace, See Plate 11. b b b.

Brad, is a Nail to Floor Rooms with, they are about the size of a Ten-penny Nail, but have not their heads made with a shoulder over their shank, as other Nails, but are made pretty thick towards the upper end, that the very top of it may be driven into, and buried in the Board they nail down, so that the tops of these Brads will not catch (as the Heads of Nails would) the Thrums of the Mops when the Floor is washing. You may see them at most Ironmongers.

Break in, Carpenters with their Ripping Chissel

do often Break in to Bricks-walls: that is, they cut holes, but indeed more properly break the Bricks by force, and make their hole to their size and form.

Bressummer, See Plate 11. C C, D, F F, h h.

Bring up, A Term most used among Carpenters, when they discourse Bricklayers; and then they say, Bring up the Foundation so high, Bring up such a wall, Bring up the Chimnies, &c. which is as much as to say, Build the Foundation so high, Build the Wall, Build the Chimnies, &c.

Butment, The piece of Ground in the Yard mar∣ked G, in Plate 10. is a Butment from the rest of the Ground-Plot.

Buttress, that stands on the outside a Wall to sup∣port it.