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THere be Three Concords or Agreements.
The First is of the Adjective with his Sub∣stantive.
The Second is of the Verb with his Nominative Case.
The Third is of the Relative with his Antece∣dent.
An Adjective (under which is comprehend∣ed both Pronoun and Participle) with his Sub∣stantive or Substantives, a Verb with his Nomi∣native Case or Cases, and a Relative with his An∣tecedent or Antecedents, agree all in number,
and the two latter in person also: as Amicus cer∣tus. Viri docti. Praeceptor praelegit, vos vero neg∣ligitis. Xenophon & Plato fuere aequales. Vir sa∣pit, qui pauca loquitur. Pater & Praeceptor veniunt. Yea though the Conjunction be disjunctive, as Quos neque d•…•…sidia neque luxuria vitiarant. Celsus. Pater & Praeceptor, quos quaeritis. But if a Verb singular follow many Nominatives, it must be applyed to each of them apart, as Nisi foro & curiae officium ac verecundia sua constiterit. Val. max.
An Adjective with his Substantive, and a Relative with his Antecedent agree in Gender and Case; but the Relative not in case alwayes, being oft-times govern'd by other con∣structions: as Amicus certus in re incerta cernitur. Liber quem dedisti mihi.
And if it be a Participle serving the Infinitive Mood future, it oft-times agrees not with the Substantive neither in Gender nor in Number, as Hanc sibi rem praesidio sperat futurum. Cic. Audierat non datum ire filio Uxorem. Terent. Omnia potius actum iri puto quam de provinciis. Cic.
But when a Verb cometh between two Nomi∣native cases not of the same number, or a Rela∣tive between two Substantives not of the same Gender, the Verb in Number, and the Relative in Gender may agree with either of them; as Amantium irae amoris integratio est. Quid enim nisi vota supersunt. Tuentur illum globum qui terra dicitur. Animal plenum rationis, qu•…•…m vocamus hominem. Lu∣tetia est quam nos Parisios dicimus.
And if the Nominative cases be of several per∣sons, or the Substantives and Antecedents of se∣veral Genders, the Verb shall agree with the se∣cond person before the third, and with the first
before either; And so shall the Adjective or Re∣lative in thir Gender; as Ego & tu sumus in tuto. Tu & Pater periclitamini. Pater & Mater mortui sunt. Frater & Soror quos vidisti.
But in things that have not life, an Adjective or Relative of the Neuter Gender, may agree with Substantives or Antecedents, Masculin or Feminin, or both together; as Arcus & calami sunt bona. Arcus & calami quae fregisti. Pulcritudinem, constantiam, ordinem in Consiliis factisque conservanda putàt. Cic. Off. 1. Ira & aegritudo permista sunt. Sal.
Note that the Infinitive Mood, or any part of a Sentence may be instead of a Nominative Case to the Verb, or of a Substantive to the Adjective, or of an Antecedent to the Relative, and then the Adjective or Relative shall be of the Neuter Gender; And if there be more parts of a Sen∣tence then one, the Verb shall be in the plural number; Diluculo sur•…•…ere saluberrimum est. Virtutem sequi, vita est honestissima. Audito proconsulem in Ciliciam tendere. In tempore veni, quod omnium re∣rum est primum. Tu multum dormis & saepe potas, quae duo sunt corpori inimica.
Somtimes also an Adverb is put for the Nomi∣native Case to a Verb, and for a Substantive to an Adjective; as Partim signorum sunt combust•…•…. Propè centies & vicies erogatum est. Cic. verr. 4.
Somtimes also agreement, whether it be in Gender or Number, is grounded on the sense, not on the words; as Illum senium for illum senem. Iste scelus for iste scelestus. Ter. Transtulit in Eunuchum suam, meaning Comaediam. Ter. Pars magna obligati, meaning Homines. Liv. Impliciti laqueis nudus uter{que} for Ambo. Ov. Alter in alterius jactantes lumina vul∣tus, Ovid. that is, Alter & alter. Insperanti ipsa refers
te nobis, for mihi. Catul. Disco omn•…•…. Virg. Aen. 2. for tu quisquis es. Duo importuna prodigia, quos egestas tribuno plebis constrictos addix•…•…rat. Cic. pro Sest Pars mersi tenuere ratem. Rhemus cum fratre Quirino jura dab•…•…nt. Virg. that is, Rhemus & frat•…•… Quirinus. Divillimur inde Iphitus & Pelias 〈◊〉〈◊〉. Virg.