The works of the famous Nicholas Machiavel, citizen and secretary of Florence written originally in Italian, and from thence newly and faithfully translated into English.

THE TABLE OF THE Florentine History.

Book I.

• THe Northern Nations healthful and prolifick pag. 1
• Their Method of evacuation upon their excessive encrease ibid.
• Their excessive encrease, the ruine of the Ro∣man Empire ib.
• The Western Gothes the first invaders of that Empire ib.
• Rome sack'd by them under the command of Alaricus 2
• Boniface Governor of Africk for the Empe∣ror ib.
• Gallia over-run by the Franks, and from them called France ib.
• The H••nni conquer and denominate Hunga∣ria ib.
• Britain called Anglia from the Angli ib.
• The Hanni invade Italy under Attila ib.
• Attila besieges and takes Aquilegia ib.
• He advances to Rome, but retires at the re∣quest of the Pope 3
• The Hanni driven back over the Danube, re∣turn home ib.
• The first residence of the Roman Emperors at Ravenna ib.
• New Emperors elected by the Romans up∣on the non-residence of their old ib.
• The Lombards invade Italy ib.
• Odoacres call'd King of Rome, and the first of the Barbarians which thought of fix∣ing in Italy ib.
• The old Empire divided into Cantons ib.
• Theodorick invades Italy, slays Odoacres, calls himself King of Rome, and held his residence at Ravenna ib.
• Theodorick dies 4
• Ballasarius General for Justinian the Empe∣ror ib.
• Totila takes, sacks, and burns Rome ib.
• Nars••tes a new General for Juskinian ib.
• Longinus alters the Government in Italy ib.
• Albo••ns kill'd by the conspiracy of his Wife ib.
• The authority of the Bishops of Rome began to encrease ib.
• Bishops of Rome employed as Ministers by the Emperors and Kings, and sometimes exe∣cuted by them 7
• The Eastern Empire destroyed in the times of Heracleus the Emperor ib.
• The King of France exempts the Pope from all humane jurisdiction 8
• Pascal created Pope ib.
• The original of Cardinals ib.
• Eugenius the second Pope ib.
• Ospurcus made Pope, changes his name ib.
• The original of Pisa ib.
• The Government of Italy, anno 931 ib.
• Agabito Pope 9
• Gregory the fifth Pope, expelled and restored, devests the Romans of their power of crea∣ting Emperors, and confers it upon six Prin∣ces of Germany ib.
• Clement the second Pope ib.
• Nicholas the second Pope, excludes the Ro∣mans, and renounces the Papal Elections to the suffrage of Cardinals only ib.
• Schism and anti-Popes in the Church ib.
• The difference between Henricus and the Pope, the ground of the Guelf and Ghibi∣lin factions ib.
• The original of the Kingdom of Sicily ib.
• Urbin the second Pope ib.
• The first Croissade ib.
• Pascal the second Pope 11
• Alexander the third Pope ib.
• A new anti-Pope ib.
• The Pope's penance to King Henry of Eng∣land, upon the complaints about Thomas Becket ib.
• Celestin the third Pope 12
• Honorius the third Pope ib.
• The Orders of St. Dominick and St. Francis instituted, 1218. ib.
• The Titles of King of Naples and Jerusalem annexed ib.
• The house of the Esti made Lords of Fer∣rara. 13
• ...

• The Guelfs side with the Church, the Ghibi∣lins with the Emperor ib.
• Innocent the fourth Pope ib.
• Clement the fifth Pope ib.
• Adrian the fifth Pope ib.
• Nicholas the third of the house of Ursin 14.
• The first introduction of Popes Nephews. ib.
• Martin the tenth Pope ib.
• Pope Celestine resigns to Boniface the eighth ib.
• The first Iubilees ordained by Boniface every 100 years 15
• Benedictus chosen, dies, and is succeeded by Clement the fifth, who removed his resi∣dence into France, 1036. ib.
• John the 22th. Pope ib.
• The Visconti a great Family in Milan, made Princes of that City by the extirpation of the Torri ib.
• The first Duke of Milan ib.
• The Dukedom of Milan falls to the Flo∣ra's 16
• The original of the Venetians ib.
• Candia given to the Venetians by the French 17
• Benedict the twelfth Pope ib.
• Clement the sixth Pope ib.
• The Iubilee reduced to 50 years 18
• Avignon given to the Pope by the Queen of Naples ib.
• Innocent the sixth Pope ib.
• Urban the fifth Pope ib.
• Gregory the twelfth Pope ib.
• The Pope returns to Rome after 71 years resi∣dence in France ib.
• Urban the sixth Pope ib.
• Clement the seventh anti-Pope ib.
• Guns first used between the Genoeses and Ve∣netians ib.
• Urban and Clement succeeded by Boniface the 9th. and Benedict the 13th. ib.
• Boniface dies, Innocent succeeds him; and Gregory the 12th. Innocent 19
• Alexander the fifth elected, and succeeded by John the 23d. ib.
• Three Popes at once ib.
• Martin the fifth ib.
• The Queen of Naples calls in the King of Ar∣ragon to her assistance, adopts him, and makes Braccio de Montone her Gene∣ral 20
• The state of Italy ib.

Book II.

• THe convenience of Colonies 22
• The Original of Florence 23
• The denomination of Florence ib.
• The first division of Florence 24
• The Guelf and Ghibilin Faction in Flo∣rence ib.
• The Union and Government of the City of Florence 25
• The Antlani ib.
• The Captain of the People and Podesta ib.
• Their Militia ib.
• A generous Custom ib.
• Manfredi King of Naples, a great Patron of the Ghibilins ib.
• Carlo d' Angio call'd into Italy by the Pope 26
• A new model of Government in Florence ib.
• New commotions in Florence ib.
• A second model by the Guelfs 27
• Gregory the tenth Pope ib.
• Florence under excommunication ib.
• Innocent the 5th. ib.
• The jealousie of the Pope ib.
• Nicholas the third Pope ib.
• The Ghibilins return ib.
• Martinus Pope 28
• The Government of Florence reformed by the Citizens ib.
• The three Priors to govern two months; to be chosen out of the City indifferently ib.
• The Signori ib.
• Discord between the Nobility and People ib.
• The Priory and Gonfalonier ib.
• Persuasions to the Nobility to be quiet 29
• The same to the People ib.
• New reformation in Florence, 1298 30
• The difference in the Family of the Cancel∣lieri, the occasion and consequence ib.
• The Bianchi and Neri ib.
• Charles of Valois made Governor of Flo∣rence 31
• New troubles occasioned by Corso Donati 32
• The Medici and Giugni 33
• Florence burned, 1304. ib.
• Corso Donati condemned 34
• His Death ib.
• New divisions in Florence 35
• Castruccio Castracani 36
• The Council of the Signori to sit forty months, whereas before it was occasional 37
• Election of Magistrates by Imborsation. ib.
• Romondo da Cordona General of the Floren∣tines ib.
• The Duke of Athens Governor of Flo∣rence ib.
• Lodowic the Emperor called into Italy 38
• The death of Castruccio and the Duke of Ca∣labria ib.
• New reformation in Florence ib.
• The Florentines quiet at home ib.
• Their Buildings ib.
• A Captain of the Guards 39
• Maffeo da Marradi ib.
• Lucca sold to the Florentines 40
• Taken from them by the Pisans ib.
• The Duke of Athens ib.
• The Speech of one of the Senators to the Duke of Athens 41
• The Duke's Answer 42
• ...

• The Duke of Athens chosen Prince by the People ib.
• His practices in Florence ib.
• Three conspiracies against the Duke at one time 43
• Commotion in France 44
• The Duke expell'd 45
• His character ib.
• New reformation 46
• The Nobility deposed ib.
• The Nobility attempt to recover their autho∣rity 47
• The people arm against them ib.
• The Nobility utterly depressed 48

Book III.

• EMulation betwixt the middle and the meaner sort of people 50
• The Citizens Oration to the Senate 51
• New reformation 53
• Gregory the 11th. holds his residence at A∣vignon ib.
• New Commission for the management of the War ib.
• A conspiracy of the Guelfs 54
• The conspiracy defeated ib.
• The Speech of Salvestro de Medici 55
• The Balia ib.
• Reformation again 56
• Luigi Guicciardini's Oration ib.
• New troubles 57
• The Speech of a Plebeian 58
• The people rise again 59
• The demands of the people 60
• Michaele di Lando, a Carder of wooll. ib.
• Michael overcomes the multitude 62
• The popular faction distinguished from the Plebeian ib.
• Another reformation 64
• The Commons expelled from the Govern∣ment 65
• Michael Lando imprisoned ib.
• Benedetto's Speech to his friends upon his go∣ing into banishment ib.
• He dies at Rhodes 66
• Veri de Medici's Speech to the Senate 67
• Donato Acciaivoli confin'd 68
• A new conspiracy defeated ib.
• The Duke of Milan practises against the City of Florence 69
• Several Families banished ib.
• The King of Naples dies ib.

Book IV.

• PEace betwixt Florence and Milan 72
• Imola taken by the Duke Philip 73
• The Florentines overthrown ib.
• Rinaldo Albizi's exhortation to be quiet 74
• Giovanni de Medici's reply to Rinaldo 75
• The factions of Urano and the Medici 76
• The great courage of Biagio del Milano ib.
• The cowardize of Zenobi del Pino ib.
• Piccinino revolts 77
• Carmignuola General of the League ib.
• Peace betwixt the League and the Duke 78
• Giovanni de Medici's Speech to his Sons at his death ib
• Cosimo heir to his Father 79
• Volterra revolts ib.
• Recovered again by the Florentines ib.
• Rinoldo persuades to war with Lucca 80
• Urano opposes it ib.
• The cruelty of Astorre 81
• Rinaldo accus'd 82
• His Speech to the ten 83
• Pagolo Lord of Lucca deposed 84
• The Florentines defeated ib.
• Peace between the Florentines and the Luc∣chesi ib.
• Florence in confusion 85
• Cosimo Medici deposed and imprisoned 87
• Federigo's Speech to Cosimo his Prisoner ib.
• Cosimo banished 88
• Rinaldo's Speech to his friends ib.
• Eugenius the Pope labours a Peace 90
• Cosimo recalled ib.
• Rinaldo's answer to the Pope ib.

Book V.

• THe Souldiers in Italy distinguished into two parties 93
• The Duke of Milan promises his Daughter to Count Francis Sforza ib.
• The Pope invaded, makes Peace with Sfor∣za ib.
• Wars in Romagna ib.
• Sforza General of the Pope's League 94
• Peace betwixt the League and the Duke ib.
• New Ordinances in Florence ib.
• Alphonso King of Arragon defeated by the Genoeses, and brought Prisoner to Duke Philip 95
• The Duke and his authority in Genoa. ib.
• Genoa delivered to the Duke of Milan 96
• How it recovered its liberty again ib.
• Rinaldo's Oration to the Duke of Milan ib.
• The speech of a Citizen of Lucca to the Peo∣ple 98
• Controversies between the Greek and Roman Churches 102
• Determined at Florence, by the submission of the Greek ib.
• The Pope deluded, and his Country invaded by Nich. Piccinino 103
• The Speech of Neri, a Citizen of Florence, to the Venetian Senate 104
• Nicolo Piccinino defeated by Count Sfor∣za 106
• ...

• He scapes to Fenna, and from thence very strangely to his Army ib.
• Verona surprized by Nicolo 107
• Recovered again by the Count ib.
• The Duke of Milan encouraged in his Expe∣dition into Tuscany by Nicolo and the Florentine Exiles 108
• The Patriarch of Alexandria General for the Pope ib.
• The Pope discovers intelligence between the Patriarch and Nicolo, and resolves to se∣cure him ib.
• Is secured by Antonio Governor of the Castle at Rome, and dies 109
• Commissioners from the Venetians to the Count ib.
• Nicolo makes a diversion into the Territories of Florence
• The Count desirous to follow him, but is hin∣dred by the Venetians ib.
• Of Nicolo's proceeding after he left Lom∣bardy 110, 111
• Nicolo's practices to surprize Crotona 112
• Brescia relieved by the Venetians ib.
• The Duke of Milan's Fleet defeated by the Venetians ib.
• Nicolo engages the Florentines at Anghiari, and is defeated by them ib.
• The Speech of Count Poppi to the Florentine Commissaries 114
• Neri's answer ib.

Book VI.

• THe Duke of Milan proposeth a Peace to Count Sforza, and offereth his Daugh∣ter in Marriage to the Count 116
• The ingratitude of the Venetians ib.
• Micheletto General for the League ib.
• Nicolo's insolence to the Duke of Milan 117
• Peace between the Duke of Milan and Count Sforza ib.
• Naples taken by the King of Arragon 118
• Florence reformed 119
• Nicolo Piccinino dies of grief; a couragious, but unfortunate General ib.
• A new War in Lombardy 121
• Count Sforza courted by all parties ib.
• The Duke of Milan dies ib.
• The Count made General for the Milanesi 122
• The Venetians ambitious of the Dutchy of Milan. ib.
• Alphonso invades the Florentines ib.
• Retreats out of Tuscany 123
• The Venetians fall upon Count Sforza in his Trenches at the Siege of Caravaggio, and are totally routed by the Count 124
• Peace between the Venetians and the Count, by which the Venetians were obliged to as∣sist the Count in his obtaining the Dutchy of Milan. 125
• An Oration made by one of the Milan Em∣bassadors to the Count ib.
• The Count's answer 126
• Cosimo de Medici a friend to the Count 127
• The Venetians assist the Milanesi against the Count 128
• The Milanesi reduced to great straits by Sfor∣za ib.
• Milan delivered to Sforza, and he made Duke thereof, enters into a League with the Flo∣rentines 129
• The King of Arragon and the Venetians en∣ter into a League ib.
• Their Embassy to the Florentines ib.
• The Florentines answer. ib.
• The Florentines prepare War 130
• Federigo the Emperor comes into Italy to be Crown'd, and enter Florence ib.
• The King of Arragon invades Tuscany ib.
• The strange conceit and undertaking of a Ci∣tizen of Rome 131
• Peace between the Duke of Milan and the Ve∣netians ib.
• The King of Arragon enters into the League 134
• The Pope solicits a War against the Turk ib.
• A prodigious Tempest ib.
• The Genoesi invaded by the King of Arra∣gon 135
• Genoa delivered to the French ib
• The King of Arragon dies ib.
• Calisto the third dies, and Pius the second chosen Pope 136
• The Genoesi revolt from the French ib.
• Naples invaded by Giovanni d' Angio ib.
• The King of Naples defeated ib.
• He recruits his Army, fights and defeats Giovanni ib.
• Giovanni being defeated, and deserted of his Souldiers, flies into France ib.

Book VII.

• COsimo de Medici, and Neri Capponi, the two great Citizens in Florence 138
• Cosimo dies 139
• His children, riches, honours, and actions de∣scribed 139, 140, 141
• Giacopo Piccinino murdered 142
• Francesco Sforza Duke of Milan dies 144.
• The Florentines invaded by the Venetians 148
• Peace between the Florentines and Veneti∣ans 149
• Piero de Medici's Speech to the Floren∣tines ib.
• His death 150
• Thomaso Soderini in great favour with the Florentines ib.
• Lorenzo and Guiliano de Medici made Prin∣ces of the City of Florence. ib.
• ...

• A conspiracy of the Nardi 151
• Bernardo defeated, and taken 152
• The Duke of Milan in Florence ib.
• Tumults in Volterra ib.
• Volterra surrendred and sacked 183
• Italy in two factions 154
• Troubles in Tuscany ib.
• A conspiracy against the Duke of Milan takes effect, and the Duke slain 155, 156

Book VIII.

• A Nimosity between the Parri▪ and the Medici in Florence 〈…〉〈…〉
• A conspiracy to destroy Lorenzo and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 de Medici ib.
• Rinati del Pazzi disswades from the enter∣prize, but in vain 159
• The conspiracy miscarries 161
• The Pope and King of Naples make war upon the Florentines 162
• Lorenza de Medici's Speech to the Floren∣tines ib.
• The Pope and King invades their Territo∣ries 164
• Genoa rebels against the State of Milan ib.
• The gratitude of the Florentines 165
• The Pope's Army defeated 166
• Lodovico Sforza Governor of Milan 167
• Lorenzo de Medici arrives at Naples 168
• The Isle of Rhodes assaulted by the Turks 169
• The Duke of Calabria defeated 171
• A new League ib.
• Castello besieged by the Army of the Pope 172
• The Coloni provoke the Pope, and are 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in Rome 〈◊〉〈◊〉
• The company of S. Giorgio 〈◊〉〈◊〉
• Aquila rebels against the King of ••••••∣ples 〈◊〉〈◊〉
• Is protected by the Pope 〈…〉〈…〉
• The Genoe••es 〈…〉〈…〉
• The Venetians defeated 〈◊〉〈◊〉
• Count Girolamo 〈…〉〈…〉
• His death revenged by his 〈…〉〈…〉
• Galeotto Lord of Faenza 〈…〉〈…〉 Wife 〈◊〉〈◊〉
• The character of Lorenzo de 〈…〉〈…〉 His death 〈◊〉〈◊〉