Annotations upon all the New Testament philologicall and theologicall wherein the emphasis and elegancie of the Greeke is observed, some imperfections in our translation are discovered, divers Jewish rites and customes tending to illustrate the text are mentioned, many antilogies and seeming contradictions reconciled, severall darke and obscure places opened, sundry passages vindicated from the false glosses of papists and hereticks / by Edward Leigh ...

CHAP. III.

Vers. 1. O Foolish Galathians] The Greek word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 signifies those that are stu∣pide, and which understand not what they ought;* 1.1 it is used also Luke 24.15. Foolish and slow of heart, the latter interprets the former.

Who hath bewitched you] That is, who hath deluded your eyes, and caused you to think you see that which you see not. He useth a word borrowed from the practise of witches and sorcerers, who use to cast a myst (as it were) before the eyes, that is,* 1.2 dazle them, and make things to appeare unto them which indeed they doe not see. Some say to bewitch is to hurt with the eyes.

Nescio quis teneros oculus mihi fascinat agnos. Virgil.

So the Greek word seems to intimate, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 quasi 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, id est, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

Before whose eyes Iesus Christ hath been evidently set forth] As if he had said,* 1.3 to whom I have preached the doctrine of the Gospell in such evidence and plainnesse, as if Christ had been crucified among you, and you had seen his blood distilling from his hands and side. So Calvin, Pareus, Estius a Papist, and others.

Vers. 2. By the works of the law, or by the hearing of faith] By works is meant the do∣ctrine of justification by the works of the law;* 1.4 and by the hearing of faith is meant the doctrine of the Gospell: hearing being put for the thing heard, and faith for the doctrine believed.* 1.5

Vers. 6. It was imputed unto him for righteousnesse] To impute properly is a speech borrowed from Merchants; and it signifies to reckon,* 1.6 or to keep reckoning of ex∣pences and receits; so Ebilem 18. impute it to me, that is, set it on my reckoning; that is, the thing which his faith believed was imputed to him by God.

Vers. 13. Being made a curse for us] He saith not, Christ was cursed, but a curse, which is more; it shews that the curse of all did lie upon him. Calvin.* 1.7

Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree] The death on the Tree was accursed above all kinds of death, as the Serpent was accursed above all beasts of the field. Both for the first transgression, whereof the Serpent was the instrument, the tree the occasion.

This is taken out of Deut. 27.26. the Apostle here and elsewhere alledgeth the old Testament according to the Septuagint interpretation commonly then known and received among the Grecians.* 1.8 Therefore though he was most skilfull in the He∣brew Tongue, yet he thought it enough to expresse the sense of the Law.

Vers. 16. Promises] By the promises are meant the covenant of grace made with

Abraham, so called for two reasons; 1. Because the main of the covenant consists in promises.* 1.9 2 Because the covenant was revealed to the Fathers in promises, but not per∣formed.

And to thy seed, which is Christ] Christ personall and mysticall, both; his person primarily and principally,* 1.10 his Church mystically.

Vers. 17. The promise] So called, because all the promises are for substance one in the Lord Christ, and meet in him as lines in the center.

Vers. 19. Ti•••• the seed should come] that seed, that is, Christ, vers. 16. therefore he be∣ing come,* 1.11 the subserviency of the Law to the Gospell should seem to cease. Some expound this onely of the Ceremoniall law, as Beza and some others; when Christ came, the Ceremoniall law was taken away; but in the 12 and 13 Verses he speaks of the Law whose sanction was, He that doth them shall live in them, therefore the morall ••aw is chiefly meant. Christ both personall and mysticall is here meant; the Law was given to the Jews to prepare them for Christ personall, and given to the Church till all be fulfilled.

In the hand of a Mediator] That is, by the ministery of a Mediator. Typicall Moses, reall Christ.* 1.12

Vers. 20. But God is one] God is said to be one and the same, constant and unchange∣able like himself.* 1.13

Vers. 22. All] Not 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 all men, lest some women might be exempted; not 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 all women,* 1.14 lest some man might be exempted: but 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 all, that is both men and women; as if Paul would purposely prevent all cavils.

Vers. 23. But before Faith came] That is Christ, saith Paraeus, Faith being taken metonymically for its principall object. The revelation of faith in Jesus Christ. Fi∣des significat revelationem plenam eorum quae tunc latebant sub obscuritate umbrarum legis, neque enim fidem adimit patribus qui sub lege vixerunt. Calvin.

Vers. 24. The Law was our Schoolmaster to bring us unto Christ] As without a School∣master first had and used for entrance in rudiments,* 1.15 children come not to the Univer∣sity; so without the Law we cannot be sufficiently taught to be preferred unto Christ; he that changeth from a Countrey Schoole to the University, changeth his Tutor; so we are not under the law, but under grace.

Vers. 27. For as many of you as have been baptized unto Christ, have put on Christ] A speech borrowed from the custome used in the Primitive Church; for those that were Adulti or come to age,* 1.16 when they were baptized came to the Church the Sunday be∣fore the Pascha, and put upon them white clothes; therefore the day was called Do∣minica in albis,* 1.17 and they were called Candidati.

Vers. 28. There is neither Iew nor Greek] He saith this to take down the pride of the Jews, and lift up the heart of the Gentiles.

There is neither bond nor free] To take away the great carnall difference among pro∣fessors. There is neither male nor female] To take away the base difference that the Turkish Mahomet puts between the two Sexes,* 1.18 when he saith the weaker hath no soul to save.

Vers. 29. Heires according to the promise] That is, we who are Gentiles must receive the inheritance no otherwise then Abraham did, and thus become Abrahams sonnes: but he was heir by promise,* 1.19 and not by nature, and so must we.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Non tam Gen∣tile vitium, quam inspera∣tam stoliditatem Apostolus ipsis exprobrat. Confer 1 Cor. 15.2.36. Vorstius.
• * 1.2

  Perkins. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 propriè est o∣culis corrum∣pere. Sed ab oculis ad ani∣mum transfer∣tur, ut & Latinum inde deductum fascinare. Grotius. Fascinare est malesico aspectu laedere. Plinius, l. 7. c. 2. exemplis osten∣dit, etiam interficiendi vim oculis fascinatoribus inesse. Pareus.
• * 1.3

  Galatia was not the place where he was put to death. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. The Greeke word signifies to paint forth a thing, Rom. 15.4. a Theologicall painting not Artificiall, as the Papists would have it to warrant Crucifixes. Vide Bezae annotat. & Piscat. Schol.
• * 1.4

  Dr. Taylor.
• * 1.5

  In utroque no∣mine videtur esse metonymia, quatenus auditus more Hebraeorum pro praedication••, fides autem pro doctrina fidei, hoc est, Evangelio usurpatur. Conser. Rom. 10.16, 17. supra cap. 1. v. 23. Vorstius.
• * 1.6

  Perkins.
• * 1.7

  Execratio, hoc est execrabilis (metalepsis abstracti pro concreto) nostro bono & loco. Subeundo mortem ligni seu crucis execrabilem, Deo invisam, uti apostolus per scripturam subjectam docet. Pareus.
• * 1.8

  Pareus. vide Estium.
• * 1.9

  Iohn 8.56. Heb. 11.13.
• * 1.10

  To Christ in aggregato, as comprehending the head and the members in the unity of one body. Caput & corpus unus est Christus. Aug.
• * 1.11

  Pareus.
• * 1.12

  Vide Pareum.
• * 1.13

  Hoc est justitia & sanctitate semper sibi constans. Pareus.
• * 1.14

  Dr. Clerke. Vide Bezam. Omnia dicendo, plus expressit quam si omnes dixisset. Neque enim solos homines, sed quaecunque habent vel afferre possunt, complexus est. Calvinus.
• * 1.15

  Paedagogus non constituitur in totam vitam: sed pueritiae tantum destina∣tur. quemadmodum patet ex etymo nominis; deinde puerum formando, hoc spectat, ut rudimentis pu••rilibus ad majora praepa∣retur, ut unque Legi c••nvenit: nam aetatem habuit finitam cui prae esset: deinde promovere debuit suos discipulos aliquo usque duntaxat, ut superatis ejus elementis, dignos virili aetate progressus facerent. Calvinus. Vide Pareum.
• * 1.16

  Weemes.
• * 1.17

  Vide Bezam. In Christum baptizari est per baptismum se profiteri Christi discipulum. Similis allusio ad ritum baptismi. Rom. 6.2. Grotius.
• * 1.18

  See 1 Cor. 12.13.
• * 1.19

  Dr. Taylor.