Observations, censures, and confutations of notorious errours in Mr. Hobbes his Leviathan and other his bookes to which are annexed occasionall anim-adversions on some writings of the Socinians and such hæreticks of the same opinion with him / by William Lucy ...

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Title
Observations, censures, and confutations of notorious errours in Mr. Hobbes his Leviathan and other his bookes to which are annexed occasionall anim-adversions on some writings of the Socinians and such hæreticks of the same opinion with him / by William Lucy ...
Author
Lucy, William, 1594-1677.
Publication
London :: Printed by J.G. for Nath. Brooke ...,
1663.
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Subject terms
Hobbes, Thomas, 1588-1679. -- Leviathan.
State, The.
Political science.
Link to this Item
http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A49440.0001.001
Cite this Item
"Observations, censures, and confutations of notorious errours in Mr. Hobbes his Leviathan and other his bookes to which are annexed occasionall anim-adversions on some writings of the Socinians and such hæreticks of the same opinion with him / by William Lucy ..." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A49440.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 8, 2024.

Pages

Sect. 4.

It is very evident that hopes and feares are great guides and rulers of humane actions; and their force and pow∣er over us consists principally in the condition and qua∣lities of the Object of hopes and feares;* 1.1 so that by how much the Object is more desirable or terrible, by so much the Object workes more efficaciously, as a greater good more then a lesse, a greater danger more then a lesse; so only, but the probability of its falling upon us gives it a great degree of power; for although the falling down of our houses upon us would be a certain and in∣evitable destruction; yet, because not probable, we feare not. What I speake of feare may be applyed to hopes, and yet once againe, the powers, that these Ob∣jects have, are by Morall perswasions not by Physi∣call or natural operations, which must certainly do their effects, when those doe not work with more cer∣tainty

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then morall, which may, or may not be. To come to the businesse therefore in hand when two men design the same thing,* 1.2 suppose the same commodious seat, if one be possessor of it, and the planter there may have such a desire of it, being furious, and wicked, as not to be contented without it, such was the case of Ahab to Naboths vineyard; but yet this Passin of his was not so violent as by sinister meanes, and the destruction of Naboth, he would get it, that was an act of malice be∣yond his, of Jezabell, as you may read 1 Kings 21. and yet he as wicked a man as almost ever was. Lo that al∣though men may like, and approve, what another hath; yet the violence of few mens affections runs to such a height in malice, as to do mischiefe in so high a nature, for their content, as to destroy a man. I know to my instance of Ahab it may be objected,* 1.3 that he lived in a civill State, in which were Lawes, and Ahab durst not act against them; but in these Cases men suppose no coercive power, but their own will and force to Govern. To this I answer,* 1.4 that first the title of Occupancy is a most sacred and just title, and gives dominion to the pos∣sessor, such as all men, in all Ages, have reverenced; and although there is no coercive nor punishing power, for such injuries as are done in that kind, but Conscience; yet that is enough to keep men in awe, as I shall shew you anon. And Ahab, being King over Israel, had no other awe; and therefore there is seldome such violent desires of anothers good as doth produce such horrid effects. What I have said of Hopes,* 1.5 may be applyed to Feares; Feares urge men to a thousand desperate acti∣ons; and, certainly, if men were nothing but Beasts, without reason, they could not be secured from feares, without either destruction of other men, or subduing

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them; nay, subduing them were not enough; For as it happens with beasts, that that Bull, or that Stagge, which is subdued this day, finds a time of revenge upon the other a little after; so may it be with men, yea it is more dangerous by so much as men have more wit to effect revenges with. But let us look back, and we shll find,* 1.6 that Feare is not where is no probability that the feared thing should happen; not the possibility, but the probability, causeth feare; now then when a man is possessed of any thing, if the new commer to plant by him offer him no disturbance, what probability is there that he should be disturbed by him? men are reasonable Creatures, and sociable, without society they can have no happinesse in this world; they know that, if they should have such feare, there could be no peace to men; and therefore, without injustice done, or violence offered or menaced, men doe not feare, but rejoyce at such vi∣cinity; if the possibility of injury should provoke men to such violence, as he speaks of, men might feare their servants, their Children, and must by anticipation (as he speaks presently) take them away, and no man can live se∣cure so long as there is another man, for there is a possbility of destruction to come to any man, from any man, although not a probability.* 1.7 Let us look back therefore and see that there is in the heart of every man, a thought of a GOD, who amongst other infinite excellencie hath punitive justice; to whom vengeance belongs; and there is a se∣cret consent to that great Axiome, such measure as you mete shall be meted to you againe; this keeps the uni∣versal kind of man in some awe from perpetuating such barbarous acts as he entitles them unto; and, unless now and then, by some prodigious monster, we see them not violate these lawes in those high kinds which he surmi∣seth

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they doe;* 1.8 All that he writes now I suppose to be but like rubbidge, cast in the Reader's way, to hinder his assault upon his Castle of mischief which followes; I lightly remove them now, but will place my Battery strongly presently; but because I have spoke only of such cases where one is possssor, and the other come's with a desire to what he possesses; the case may be o∣therwise where two persons shall come with equal desire to enjoy the same place, and equall title, that is, neither hath occupancy; and to this I say, they will either debate it by reason, or else fight it out, and the strongest arme will get possession, and, with that, right, not by Conquest, for that gives no title, but by occupancie, and it will be unjust for any to meddle with it whilest it is in his pos∣session. Thus much sleightly to these things, premised by him to usher in his unhappy Conclusions. The rest which he saith, in order to them, may be looked upon through the glasse of what I have already writ, and will appeare of no force; I shall therefore, to avoid tedious∣ness, step to Pag. 62. where he delivers this unheard of Doctrine, untill by him uttered.

Notes

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