A chronological account of the life of Pythagoras, and of other famous men his contemporaries with an epistle to the Rd. Dr. Bently, about Porphyry's and Jamblicus's lives of Pythagoras / by the Right Reverand Father in God, William, Ld. Bp. of Coventry and Lichfield.

A Chronological Account Of the LIFE of PYTHAGORAS, AND Of other Famous Men his Contemporaries.

[Pythagoras's Age] OF Pythagoras the Samian Phi∣losopher [Years before Christ] [Olympiads] there is nothing said by any of the Ancients, that I know, which can make us think he was born before Olymp XLIII, save only that of Plin. Nat. Hist. II. 8. who says, that in Olymp. XLII, and V. C. 142, he first found that Venus was some∣times the Morning Star, and sometimes the Evening Star. But it is not impro∣bable that in this Pliny might mistake Pythagoras for his Master Thales, of whom see the year 585 before Christ.

N. PYTHAGORAS born this year, if [Years before Christ 605] [Olympiads 43, 3, 4.] he was the same that is here mention'd in the year 588 before Christ. This year also suits best with Antilochus's

Account, which follows in 583 before Christ.

[Years before Christ 604] [Olympiads 44] Θ. Nabopolassar King of Babylon. Next his Son Nabocolassar or Nebuchadnezzar, who had reigned about two years with his Father. This year Jan. 21, was his first Thoth, according to Ptol. Canon.

[Years before Christ] [Olympiads 45] N. PHERECYDES, born this year. Sui∣das. He was born in the Isle of Syrus one of the Cyclades. Strabo x. Pythagoras was at first his Disciple. Cicero Tusc. Qu. I. Diod. Sic. Excerpt. and many others.

[Years before Christ 594, 3.] [Olympiads 46, 3.] SOLON was this year Archon at Athens. Diog. Laert. from Sosicrates. So Euseb. Chronicon in 1 MS. Clem. Alexandr. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 saith, he was Archon in Olymp. XLVI.

He made his Laws in the time of Tar∣quinius Priscus. A. Gellius XVII, 21. He made them the year that he was Archon, and that with the help of EPIMENIDES, who came thither from Crete, and ha∣ving expiated the City in Olymp. XLIV, as Suidas saith, or in Olymp. XLV, as Eus. Chron. Pontaci, or Olymp. XLVI, as Laertius, returned home, and died soon after. D. Laert. l. 110, being 154 years old, as Xenophanes said he had heard. Ib. III. of Xenophanes see in the year 540 be∣fore Christ.

[Years before Christ 592] [Olympiads 47] ANACHARSIS Scytha now came to Athens, Eucrates being Archon. D. Laert. 1. 101.

[Years before Christ 588] [Olympiads 48] Pythagoras Samius offer'd himself to play at Fisticuffs among the Boys at the Olym∣pic Games; but having long Hair, and

wearing Purple, he was rejected with Re∣proach. Therefore he went from them among the Men; and there offering him∣self at the same Exercise, he was Victor. This was our Philosopher, according to D. Laert. VIII, 48. who hath all this from Eratosthenes, Favorinus, and Theaetetus. Iamblichus hath the same; and many o∣thers. Eratosthenes says farther, that our Philosopher was the first that boxed ac∣cording to Art. Yet D. Laert. cites a Poet, that saith this was Pythagoras, Son of Crateus. Hesychius saith, they are mi∣staken that think it was the Philoso∣pher.

[Pythagoras's Age 1] N. PYTHAGORAS, Son of Mnesarchus, [Years before Christ 586, 5.] [Olympiads 48, 3.] (descended from Hippasus, who was for∣merly of Phlius) by Pythaïs, who was de∣scended from Ancaeus one of the Planters of Samos. There most Writers say he was born: though Porphyry would have him born at Tyre, and Jamblichus at Si∣don, perhaps as being the ancienter City. It seems there were other Pretenders to the honour of being his Countrymen: for Joseph. in Ap. 11. saith, it is as hard to tell his Country as Homer's But yet it is harder to tell the year of his Birth. I am doubtfull whether it ought not to be the year 605 before Christ. But I rather place it here, for Reasons that will ap∣pear afterwards in the years 506 and 497 before Christ.

[Pythagoras's Age 2] Θ. PERIANDER died 40 years before [Years before Christ 585] [Olympiads 48, 4.] Croesus, and 1 year before Olymp. XLIX. D. Laert. 1, 95. from Sosicrates.

He had reigned at Corinth 44 years. Arist. Pol. v, 12. Of the VII Wise men of Greece, he was the first that died. The other VI were Thales, Solon, Cleobulus, Chilo, Bias, and Pittacus, thus reckon'd by Diog. Laert. Prooem. 13, and 1.40, 1, 2.

[Olympiads 48, 4.] THALES this year foretold an Eclipse of [Pythagoras's Age 2] the Sun. He was the first among the Greeks that could do this. Cicero de Di∣vin. I.

[Years before Christ 583, 2.] [Olympiads 49, 2.] Pythagorae 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, according to Antilo∣chus, [Pythagoras's Age 4] who in his History of Learned Men reckon'd 312 years from hence to Epicu∣rus's death, which was (270 years before Christ) Olymp. CXXVII, 2. Gamelion 10. Cic. de fato. D. Laert. X, 15. and Clem. Alex. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

[Years before Christ 580, 79.] [Olympiads 50] N. ARISTEAS Proconnesius was born this [Pythagoras's Age 7] Olymp. Suidas.

It was after Olymp. L. that Pythagoras came into Italy, saith D. Halicarn. lib. 11. p. 120. But H. Valesius, and Menagius think this is a mistake of Olymp. N̄. instead of Olymp. Ξ

[Years before Christ 578] [Olympiads 50, 3.] Θ. Tarquinius Priscus died. Next King [Pythagoras's Age 9] Servius Tullius. Dion. Hal. III.

[Years before Christ 572] [Olympiads 52] Began the Tyranny of PHALARIS, accor∣ding [Pythagoras's Age 15] to Suidas, and Eus. Chron. Pontaci, which saith it continued 16 years. Eus. Chron. in a former account hath his Ty∣ranny, according to Scaliger's Edition, be∣ginning Olymp. XXXI, 2, and ending O∣lymp. XXXVIII, 2. Here also according to Scaliger it should be LIII, 4.

[Pythagoras's Age 15] ANACREON Teius lived in this Olymp. [Olympiads 52] It was in Polycrates's time. Suidas.

[Pythagoras's Age 15] AESOP the Fable-maker now flourish'd. [Olympiads 52] D. Laert 1, 72.

[Pythagoras's Age 17] Θ. PITTACUS died at Mitylene. D. La∣ert. [Years before Christ 570] [Olympiads 52, 3.] 1, 79.

[Pythagoras's Age 17] Pythagoras, being 18 years old, went [Years before Christ 568, 7.] [Olympiads 53, 1.] to travel as on the account of his Studies. Jamblichus c. 2. for which, by Thales, he was advised to go to Aegypt. Ib. D. La∣ert. VIII, 2. saith, he was then a young Man, and addicted to Learning. But his going for Aegypt, was to avoid the growing Tyranny of Polycrates. Strabo XIV. and Jamblichus c. 2. Yet Polycra∣tes writ a Letter in his Commendation to King Amasis, being his Friend and Hospes, desiring him to get him instru∣cted by the Aegyptian Priests. D. Laert. and Porph. from Antipho. Iamblichus c. 2. saith, he went first to Pherecydes, then to Anaximander, then to Thales. Id. c. 3. then to Sidon, to Byblus, to Tyre, and many other Cities of Syria: in all which places he was initiated. Then he took Ship for Aegypt: but by the way he landed, and went up Mount Carmel. Iamblichus, c. 3.

He came into Aegypt. Isocr. de laud. Busiridis. Cic. de finibus v. Strab. XIV. Plin. XXV, 2. Lucian, Tatian, Clem. A∣lex. He gave Polycrates's Letter to Ama∣sis, and obtained Amasis's Letter to the Aegyptian Priests. D. Laert. and Porph. from Antipho. With this Letter he came first to them of Heliopolis: they sent him

to them of Memphis, their Seniors: they to the Diospolites; who at first were very shy; but, fearing to displease Amasis, they undertook him, thinking at first to balk him with their Austerities. But he underwent all, saith Porphyry from An∣tipho. He was circumcised, and initia∣ted in their Sacred Rites. Clement. Alex. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. He learnt the Aegyptian Language, he learnt their three sorts of Letters. They admitted him to their Sacrifices, and Ex∣ercises of Learning; which none ever ob∣tain'd before. D. Laert. from Antipho. He learnt of their Priests the manner of their Sacrifices, and their religious Rites. Isocr. de l. Busir. He read the Books of their ancient Priests, Clem. Alex. He learnt their Geometry, and Astronomy. Jambl. c. 4. He got the Observations of infi∣nite Ages. Valer. Maximus, VIII, 7. He was in Aegypt a long time, as all confess. Plut. Q. Symposiac. VIII, 8.22 years saith Jambl. c. 4. This I believe was all the time of his Eastern Travels. He also went to the King of Arabia, and learnt all he could there. Porph.

Strabo XIV. p. 439, 18, &c. saith, from A••gypt he went to Babylon. There he was with the Chaldees and Magi. D. Laert. There at Babylon he learnt of several of the Chaldees; particularly of Zabratus, by whom he was purged from all the De∣silements of his former Life. Porph. He was Disciple of Nazaratus the Assyrian. Clem. Alex. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. He went to the Persi∣an Magi. Cic. de finibus V. Plin. XXV, 2.

Of them he learnt matters of their Reli∣gion, and way of Living. D. Laert. from Lycus. There he came to learn and un∣derstand the Jewish knowledge, particu∣larly their Oniromancy. Porphyry from Diogen.

In his return from Babylon, he came to Crete to get Minos's Laws. Justin, V, 4. After his being with the Chaldees and Ma∣gi, he was there in Crete with Epimeni∣des. D. Laert. VIII, 3. He was purged by the Priests of Morgus, one of the Idae∣an Dactyli. Porph. He went into the I∣daean Cave. Ib. The Priests there have the Verses that he made on the Sepulchre of Jupiter. Ib.

After his return from Babylon, he came home to Samos. Strabo XIV. So D. Laert. and Porph. from Antipho. There he o∣pen'd a School in a place call'd in Anti∣pho's time, Pythagorae Hemicyclus. D. La∣ert. and Porph. from Antipho. There he also had a Cave without the Town, into which he retir'd for his Studies. Id. and Id. This is the summ of what we read of the Life of Pythagoras for the space of 22 years, that is, as I account it, from the year before Christ 568, till the year 546 before Christ.

[Pythagoras's Age 24] ABARIS Priest of Apollo Hyperboreus, [Years before Christ 563, 2.] [Olympiads 54, 2.] came into Greece. Eus. Chron. Scaligeri, and two MSS. Other MSS bring him 10 years sooner. Harpocration from Pin∣dar faith, he came in the time of Croe∣sus.

[Years before Christ 562] [Olympiads 54, 2, 3.] The first COMEDY at Athens was made [Pythagoras's Age 24] by Susarion, and acted upon a movable Scaffold. Chron. Marmor.

[Years before Christ 561] [Olympiads 54, 3, 4.] Θ. Nabocolassar or Nebucadnezzar King of Babylon. Next his Son Iluarodam or Evil Merodach. This year Jan. 1••. was his first Thoth according to Ptolemee's Ca∣non.

[Years before Christ 561] [Olympiads 54, 3, 4.] CROESUS began his Reign of 14 years. [Pythagoras's Age 25] Herod. 1.86.

PISISTRATUS was now Tyrantat Athens. Chron. Marm.

Θ. AESOP died. Eus. Chron.

CLEOBULUS was yet living at Lindus, if his Epistle to Solon be true, which we have in D. Laert. 1.93.

[Years before Christ 560] [Olympiads 55] Θ. Astyages King of Media. Next his [Pythagoras's Age 26] Son Cyaxares. Xen. 1. Scripture calls him Darius the Mede. Africanus saith all agree that Cyrus Son of Cambyses, by Mandane, Daughter of Astyages, began his Reign over the Persians in Olymp. LV.

[Years before Christ 559] [Olympiads 55, 1, 2.] Θ. Iluarodam kill'd by his Sister's Hus∣band Neriglissoroor. Beros. Next King of Babylon; this Neriglissoroor or Nergal∣sharezer. His first Thoth was Jan. 10. this year in Ptol. Canon.

[Years before Christ 559] [Olympiads 55, 1, 2.] Θ. SOLON died in Cyprus this Spring. [Pythagoras's Age 27] See it proved in VSS. Annals. He died 2 Pisistrati Plut. in Solon.

[Years before Christ 557] [Olympiads 55, 4.] N. SIMONIDES born this year; for he [Pythagoras's Age 30] was 80 years old in Olymp. LXXVI, when Adimantus was Archon, as himself saith▪ and so Chron. Marm.

[Years before Christ 556] [Olympiads 56] Θ. PHALARIS died this year, if he be∣gan, [Pythagoras's Age 31] as is above-said, in Olymp. LII; or

if in Olymp. LIII, 4, then he died seven year later. The people of Agrigentum rose against him, and kill'd him. Cic. Of∣fic. 11.

[Pythagoras's Age 31] Θ. STESICHORUS died this year. Sui∣das. [Years before Christ 556] [Olympiads 56] The lowest account of his death in Eus. Chron. is Olymp. LVI, 2. the high∣est is Olymp. LIV, 4.

This year Euthydemus was Archon at [Years before Christ 556] [Olympiads 56] Athens. Chron. Marm. And the year that he was Archon, CHILO was Ephorus at Lacedaemon. D. Laert. 1.68 from Sosi∣crates.

Θ. Laborosoarchod Son of Neriglissoroor [Years before Christ 555] [Olympiads 56, 2.] having reigned 9 Months after his Father. Next King of Babylon, Nabonadius or Labynitus, called Belshazzar in Scripture. His first Thoth was Jan. 9, according to Ptol. Canon.

[Pythagoras's Age 36] N. CONFUTIUS born this year, the [Years before Christ 551] [Olympiads 57, 2.] great Philosopher of the Chineses. Mar∣tin. Hist. Sin.

[Pythagoras's Age 39] Croesus past over the River Halys on a [Years before Christ 548] [Olympiads 58] Bridge built by the art of Thales. Herod. 1.75. and so lost himself and his King∣dom, after 14 years Reign. Herod. 1, 86. that was this year according to my account from Herodotus.

[Pythagoras's Age 39] Θ. THALES died this year, saith D. La∣ert. [Olympiads 58] 1.38. and Eus. Chron. Scal. & Pont. from 4 MSS. He was born in Olymp. XXXV, and died 90 years old. D. Laert. 1, 38.91 years old, saith Chron. Pas∣chale.

[Pythagoras's Age 39] ANAXIMANDER succeeded him in the I∣onic [Olympiads 58] School. D. Laert. Prooem.

Now flourish'd LASUS of Hermione, that first wrote of Musick. Schol. Arist. in Vespas.

[Years before Christ 547] [Olympiads 58, 2.] NOW ANAXIMANDER was famous, be∣ing 64 years old; and he died a little af∣ter, [Pythagoras's Age 40] saith Diog. Laert. II, 2. from Apollo∣dorus. He flourish'd chiefly under Poly∣crates Tyrant of Samos. Ib. XENOPHANES lived in his time. D. Laert. IX, 18. But his Successor in the School was ANAXI∣MENES.

XANTHUS the Lydian Historian liv'd [ 41] at the time when Sardes was taken. Sui∣das.

[Years before Christ 546, 5.] [Olympiads 58, 3.] Pythagoras, being 40 years old, and seeing it was not for a Freeman to live in his Country under the Tyranny of Poly∣crates, which was now stricter than for∣merly; thereupon thought of going into Italy. D. Laert. and Porph. from Aristo∣xenus; and Strabo XIV. without the year.

In his way thither he went to Delos, where he writ those Verses on Apollo's Sepulchre. Porph. from Diog. He went to Lacedaemon for the Laws of Lycurgus. Iust. V, 4. He came to Phlius the anci∣ent Country of his Family. There be∣ing asked by Leo, Tyrant of that City, what Profession he was of, he said, of none; but that he was a Philosopher. See the rest in Cic. Tusc. Qu. V. or in D. La∣ert. Prooem. 12. who saith this was at Sicyon, and who makes Leo Tyrant of Sicy∣on and Phlius. Both Cic. and D. Laert. Pro∣oem. have it from Heraclides. But D. Laert. VIII, 8. hath much the same story

from Sosicrates, Pythagoras went also to Delphi to give the more authority to his Laws, by pretending that he receiv'd them from Theoclea, or Themistoclea, the Priest∣ess of Apollo in that place. D. Laert. VIII. 7, 21. from Aristoxenus. Porphyry calls her Aristoclea.

Being come into Italy, he lived there all the rest of his life. Strabo XIV. He taught there 40 years wanting one, saith Jamb. c. 36, who makes his whole Life very near 100 years. Ib. He stay'd 20 years at Croton, then went to Metapontum, where he died. Justin, XX, 5. At Cro∣ton he began the Italic School, which grew old at Metapontum, saith Clem. A∣lex. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Croton was then in great Glo∣ry for having so many of Pythagoras's Scho∣lars in it, among whom was Milo the most famous Athleta: Strabo IV.

Dion. Halicarn. saith Pythagoras was in his 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, four Generations after Numa. It is to be considered, whether he rec∣kons from the beginning of his Reign, which was in Olymp. XVI, 3. or whether from the end, which was Olymp. XXVII, I. Plut in the Life of Numa saith, Pythago∣ras came into Italy almost five Ages after Numa. Livy 1.18. saith, he came into I∣taly above 100 years after Numa; ac∣counting no doubt from his death in 672 before Christ. Livy saith farther, it is certain, that in the time of Servius Tul∣lius, Pythagoras had his Colleges of Dis∣ciples at Metapontum, Heraclea, and Cro∣ton, as above-mention'd.

[Years before Christ 545] [Olympiads 58, 4.] Now the Medes were coming up a∣gainst [Pythagoras's Age 42] the Ionians, of which Anaximenes writes to Pythagoras, who was then at Croton, and had his house full of Scholars out of Italy and Sicily, if the Epistle be genuine. D. Laert. II, 5.

[Years before Christ 544] [Olympiads 59] PHERECYDES was yet living. D. Laert. [Pythagoras's Age 43] I, 121. Now he flourish'd according to Eus. Chron. He lived in the time of my Gentilis, (that is, of Servius Tullius,) saith Cicero, Tusc. Qu. I.

THEOGNIS the Poet of Megara flourish'd now. Eus. Chron. Pontaci.

[Years before Christ 541] [Olympiads 59, 4.] BIAS was yet living, if that be true [Pythagoras's Age 46] which is said of him in Herod. 1. that he advised the Iones to leave their Country to the Medes, and go all to Sardinia.

[Years before Christ 540] [Olympiads 60] Pythagoras now flourish'd. D. Laert. [Pythagoras's Age 47] VIII. 45.

Now also XENOPHANES Colophonius flourish'd D. Laert. IX. 20. of whom see before in 547, before Christ. He was now at least 80 years old, according to Sextus Empiricus, and Clem. Alex. from Apollodor. that place him in Olymp. XL. But he was a Writer till after he was 98 years old. D. Laert. IX. 19.

Now IBYCUS, the Poet of Rhegium, came to Samos. Eus. Chron. Scalig. & Pontac.

[Years before Christ 538] [Olympiads 60, 2, 3.] After Belshazzar's being slain in the taking of Babylon by the Armies of Da∣rius and Cyrus, the next King of Babylon was Darius or Cyaxares according to Xe∣nophon. His Reign being short, he is o∣mitted in the Canon, and there the

next is Cyrus, whose Thoth was Jan. 5.

Θ. Cambyses Father of Cyrus in Persia, [Years before Christ 536] [Olympiads 61] and Θ Cyaxares in Media. Xenophon. VIII. according to whom this is the first of the seven years reign of Cyrus at Babylon.

[Pythagoras's Age 51] Pythagoras was now famous in Italy, [Years before Christ 536] [Olympiads 61] Thericles being Archon at Athens. Diod. Sic. Excerpta. p. 241.

The first TRAGEDY at Athens, was made by Thespis, and acted on a Wagon, in Olymp. LXI. Suid. See Chron Marm.

[Pythagoras's Age 53] Θ. Servius Tullius died this year. Liv. [Years before Christ 534] [Olympiads 61, 3.] 1.48. After whom the next Roman King was Tarquinius Superbus. In this Tar∣quin's time Pythagoras came into Italy ac∣cording to Cic. Tusc. Qu. I. and A. Gel∣lius, XVII, 21.

[Pythagoras's Age 55] Eus. Chron. hath this year Polycrates, [Years before Christ 532] [Olympiads 62] and his two Brothers Syloson and Panta∣gnotus Tyrants together at Samos. But Polycrates drove out his two Brothers soon after. Now in Polycrates's time Pythago∣ras flourish'd. Tatian. p. 174. B. Clem. A∣lex. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Cyril. contra Julian. II. In this Olympiad, in which Eryxias was Victor; Pythagoras came into Italy, saith Jambl. c. 7. He was now famous, saith Eus. Chron.

[Pythagoras's Age 58] Cyrus being now dead, his Son Camby∣ses [Years before Christ 529] [Olympiads 62, 3, 4.] is King of Persia. His first Thoth was Jan. 3. according to Ptol. Canon.

[Pythagoras's Age 59] Θ. PISISTRATUS Tyrant of Athens died [Years before Christ 528] [Olympiads 63] after a Reign of 33 years, tho' twice in∣terrupted in that time. Arist. Polit. V. 12. Next was his Son HIPPARCHUS, a great lover of Learning. He first brought Ho∣mer's Poems to Athens. Plato in Hipparcho.

[Years before Christ 527] [Olympiads 63, 1, 2.] According to Justin, XX, 5. Pythagoras [Pythagoras's Age 60] after he had been 20 years in Italy, re∣moved from Croton to Metapontum, and died there. It was at Metapontum, that as the Fablers say, having taken his Dis∣ciple Abaris's Arrow, he rode upon it in the Air from thence to Taurominium in one day, though some days sailing distant from one another. Ponph. and Jambl. They tell us, that there at Metapontum, he had a noble house, which was after∣wards the Temple of Ceres, and a School. which was call'd the Museum. Iambl. c. 30.

[Years before Christ 525] [Olympiads 63, 3, 4.] Θ. Amasis King of Aegypt. He died [Pythagoras's Age 62] Olymp. I.XIII, 3. when Cambyses was com∣ing against Aegypt. Diod. Sic. 1. The next King Psammenitus after 6 Months was kill'd, and Aegypt conquer'd by Cambyses. Herod. III.

[Years before Christ 525] [Olympiads 63, 4.] N. the Poet AESCHYLUS was born. Chr. [Pythagoras's Age 62] Marm.

[Years before Christ 523] [Olympiads 64, 2.] Θ. POLYCRATES Tyrant of Samos died [Pythagoras's Age 64] a few days before Cambyses King of Per∣sia. Herod. III. 120. about V. C. 238. Plin. XXXIII, 1.

[Years before Christ 522] [Olympiads 64, 2, 3.] Θ. Cambyses King of Persia. Next King Smerdis Magus was kill'd after se∣ven Months. Next was Darius Son of Hystaspes. His first Thoth was 521. Jan. 1. according to Ptolemey's Canon.

[Years before Christ 520] [Olympiads 65] N. The Poet PINDAR was born Suidas. [Pythagoras's Age 67]

[Years before Christ 515] [Olympiads 66, 2.] Θ. PHERECYDES died now, for he was [Pythagoras's Age 72] born Olymp. XLV. Suid. and lived 85 years. Lucian in Macrob. He was eat up with Lice. Arist. Hist. Animal. V. 30▪ and that for his Blasphemy. Aelian. IV, 28.

Serpents came out of his Body. Plin. VII, 5.

Pythagoras, who had been his Disciple, now hearing that he was dying in Delos, went out of Italy thither, and did all he could to recover him: and when he was dead, bury'd him as his Father, and then return'd into Italy. Diod. Sic. Excerpt. That he dy'd in Delos, see Apul. Florid. II. Aelian IV. Hist. 28. Porph. and Jambl. Duris Samius saith he died in Samos, fol∣low'd by D. Laert. I, 119. where also he quotes Heraclides for it. Porphyry saith, that Pythagoras went to Delos from Samos, and return'd to Samos. But he saith af∣terwards, that it was in Pythagoras's Ab∣sence on this occasion at Delos, that Cy∣lon rais'd the Mob, v. infra 497, 6. be∣fore Christ. (These things do not agree.)

[Pythagoras's Age 74] Θ. HIPPARCHUS kill'd by Harmodius [Years before Christ 513] [Olympiads 66, 4.] and Aristogiton. Thucyd. I, and VI. Then was Pythagoras in Italy. A. Gell. XVII, 21.

[Pythagoras's Age 78] By Pythagoras's advice the people of [Years before Christ 509] [Olympiads 67, 4.] Croton would not deliver up some of Sy∣baris that had fled to their Altars for Pro∣tection against their own people. Where∣upon a War follow'd, in which 300000 of the Sybarites were overcome by Milo with 100000 of Croton, who after this Victory destroy'd the City of Sybaris. Di∣od. Sic. Olymp. LXXXIII, 3. where he saith, this happen'd 58 years before, and 5 years, that is in all 63 years before. Therefore I place it in Olymp. LXVII, 4. This Milo was Disciple of Pythagoras, and had been 6 times Victor in the O∣lympic Games. Ib. and often at the other publick Games.

[Years before Christ 508] [Olympiads 68] When Brutus deliver'd Rome, Pythago∣ras [Pythagoras's Age 79] was yet in Italy, saith Cic. Tusc. Qu. IV. Solinus c. 16. by mistake saith, then he came into Italy.

[Years before Christ 506, 5.] [Olympiads 68, 3.] Θ. PYTHAGORAS died. Eus. Chron. in [Pythagoras's Age 81] 2 MSS. having lived 80 years, according to his own account of the four parts of mans life, consisting each of 20 years. D. Laert. 1, 44. from Heraclides. This ac∣count of his Age Menage takes to be the most likely, because Lucian doth not rec∣kon Pythagoras among the long-liv'd men; as probably he would if Pythagoras had lived 90 years, as most say, according to D. Laert. Ib. much more, if he had li∣ved, as Jamblichus saith, very near 100; or as Tzetzes says, perhaps from Jambli∣chus, 100 wanting one; or according to the nameless Writer in Photii Biblioth. CCXLIX. 104 years; or according to a name∣less Writer in Galen's Works 117 years.

But if the Reader is not yet tir'd, I will go on with him to the end of the 90 years, which is as far as I see any ground.

[Years before Christ 505, 4.] [Olympiads 68, 4.] Here the Death of Pythagoras is plac'd in one MS of Eus. Chron.

[Years before Christ 504] [Years before Christ 69] HERACLITUS now flourish'd. D. Laert. [Pythagoras's Age 83] IX. beginning.

PARMENIDES now flourish'd. D. Laert. IX, 23.

Now Cynaethus Chius first rhapsodied Homer's Verses. Schol. in Pindar. Nem. B.

[Years before Christ 502] [Olympiads 69, 2.] HECATAEUS the Historian flourish'd; [Pythagoras's Age 85] for now he endeavour'd to disswade Ari∣stagoras from taking Arms against Darius King of Persia, Herodot. V. 36.

[Pythagoras's Age 87] N. ANAXAGORAS the Philosopher [Years before Christ 500] [Olympiads 70] born this year. D. Laert. II, 7. from A∣pollodorus. This is confirm'd by Demo∣critus saying of himself, tha•• ••e was 40 years younger than Anaxagora•• D. Laert. V. 41. for Democritus was born Olymp. LXXX. Ib.

[Pythagoras's Age 89] Mariana's Copy of Eus. Chron. pla∣ces [Years before Christ 498, 7.] [Olympiads 70, 3.] the death of Pythagoras this year.

[Pythagoras's Age 90] Θ. PYTHAGORAS died Eus. Chron. Scal. [Years before Christ 497, 6.] [Olympiads 70, 4.] and Pontac. from 4 MSS. Most say he lived 90 years. D. Laert. III. 44. The accounts of his death are various. The likeliest is that which we have in the Excerpta of Diod. Sic. Porphyry, and Jambl. c. 35. They tell how one Cylon of Croton, a rich, ambitious, boisterous man, having offer'd himself to be taken into the College, and being refus'd, was thereby so enraged, that he got the Mob together, and fell upon Milo's house, when Pythagoras and his Disciples were all there together, and burnt the house, and all that were in it, except two or three that narrowly escaped. Some say Pythagoras was one of them that were burnt there. Others say, he escaped out of the Fire, and was kill'd in pursuit. O∣thers, that he fled to Caulonia, thence to Locri, thence to Tarentum; but being no where receiv'd, at last he went to Me∣tapontum, and there got into the Muses Temple, where being kept from Victuals 40 days, he was starved. Hermippus, whom Josephus calleth the most eminent Writer of Pythag. Life, hath a most unlikely story

of his death. He saith that being ingag'd with ••he Agrigentines against the Syracu∣sans, and his Party, being worsted, he was taken in Flight because he would not run over a Bean Plot, and so was kill'd by the Enemy. D. Laert. hath an Epi∣gram on his Death, according to this Sto∣ry, which I think indeed is fitter for a Poet than an Historian.

After his Death, those of his Disciples that were living, are said to have been dispersed into Greece, and the neighbour∣ing Countries. And yet his Family is said to have continued at or about Croton. His Wife Theano was born there, according to Clem. Alex. from Didymus, and D. Laert. and Suidas. But Porphyry says she was of Crete. Some say that she, and her Son Telauges, revived or continued his School. Others say it was done by Aristaeus of Cro∣ton, that married his Daugh. Theano. His Son Arimnestus is mention'd by Porphyry from Duris Samius, and said to have taught Democritus the famous Philosopher. D. La∣ert. mentions his Son Marmacus, and D. Damo. Suidas seems to call that Son Mne∣sarchus, and also mentions his D. Arignote, and Myia. Another D. of his is call'd Sa∣ra. But of all these we have nothing that looks like a Certainty, in my opinion.

FINIS.