Memoires of the lives, actions, sufferings & deaths of those noble, reverend and excellent personages that suffered by death, sequestration, decimation, or otherwise, for the Protestant religion and the great principle thereof, allegiance to their soveraigne, in our late intestine wars, from the year 1637 to the year 1660, and from thence continued to 1666 with the life and martyrdom of King Charles I / by Da. Lloyd ...

THE Life and Death OF RALPH, Lord HOPTON,

SOn of Sir R. Hopton, born 1601. inb 1.1 South-Wales, where his Mother had relations; and bred in Somersetshire, where his Father had his seat.

His education such, that he learned to pray as soon as he could speak; and to read, as soon as he could pray, be∣fore three year old he read any character or letter whatsoever in our Printed Books, and within a while, any tolerable Writing Hand; getting by heart, at four years and an half, five or six hun∣dred Latine and Greek words, together with their Genders and Declensions.

Horrori fuit Ingenium.

From a strict School, and able School-Master in the Country, he was sent to a well-governed Colledge, and an excellent Tutor, Mr. Sanderson (after Dr. Sanderson, Bishop of Lincoln) of Lincoln-Colledge) in Oxford; who put his young reason, by his judicious and exact method, into such a frame, that (he would bless God for it) he had a habit (which men of a superficial education, sleight, immethodical thoughts, were strangers to) of considering matters proposed to him leisurely and soberly, of recollecting the proper circumstances of a business pertinently, of looking through so∣phismes and appearances discerningly, of searching into the bot∣tome of things quickly; of observing advantages and disadvantages

in Marching, Q••artering, Rallying, Leaguering, &c. dexterously.

Its a great matter to put young and flexible faculties (by being solidly grounded in the Initiatory Arts and Sciences, or in the ex∣act notions and apprehensions of things) into an unerring and comprehensive frame of thoughts, reasoning, and discourse.

But (as youth not yet accustomed to dissembling, easily discloseth its temper) he soon discovered by those rancounters which he had with his School-fellows, and Fellow-pupils in the School and Col∣ledge, as prolusions to those engagements he afterwards had in the Field, that he was born for action, the life of a Man; rather than speculation, the life of a Scholar. Letting it suffice others to meditate upon the great things which former ages have done, while he did great things which future ages might meditate upon. They maya 1.2 rest when they have raised a Scheme, a Frame, and Idea within themselves, proportionable to the order and method of things without them; while he compently understanding this all was urged by his eager virtues, to perform things as great as those he under stood; and actions as great as his thoughts.

From the University therefore he goeth to the Camp, putting off his Gown, to put on his Corslet; and exchanging his Pen, for his Sword. First exercising himself in the Low-Countryes, the then Nursery of English Gentry, as a Volunteer; and afterwards pra∣ctising in theb 1.3 Palatinate as Captain; where he gathered such choice observations, principles, and maximes of war, that being an eye-witness in the long Parliament (wherein he was chosen a Member) of their dangerous proceedings (which he opposed with strong reasonings in the House, and offered to contradict against the Ringleaders of the Faction with his Sword and Life, challenging several of them in Westminster-hall) he privately reti∣red to countenance the Kings more just proceedings in the Coun∣try, giving order for providing Armes and Ammunition at his own charge, and direction to secure and fortifie all such places as were tenable in Sommersetshire, Wiltshire, and Devonshire, out of his own experience, until he, Sir Bevill Greenvill, Sir Io. Stawell, and Sir Nicholas Flanning, raised with their interest and arguments (Sir Ralph Hopton pleading the Kings, at the Assizes, Sessions, and all other publick meetings of the Country, that his eloquence had as great success upon the wavering populacy, as his Armes had against the most obstinate Rebels) a choice Army in the West (an instance of what great concernment it was to keep the Militia in the Crown, and not to separate the Sword from the Scepter) not to make a war, as he declared to the Country, but to prevent it. (Thus Caesar that fought best in his age, spake so too; and the sharpness of his wit, was equal to that of his Sword.)

With which Army the Marquiss of Hertford, then Commander in Chief, with his direction, Aug. 3. 1643. defeated the Faction in Sommersetshire, took Shepton-Mallet, cleared Dorsetshire, maintained Sherburn, with such conduct and resolution, as daunted the men at Westminster for two months; and Octob. 3. breaking through the Besiegers, who thought (to use their own words) to put an end to the

war, if they could but take him, and one or two more men of so considerable fortunes, valor, and conduct, as both raised, and kept up the war.

Whereupon (non quaerendus erat quem eligerent, sed eligendus qui eminebat) he was chosen Commander in Chief of the West, where in half an year he got 40. Garrisons well maintained, 12000. men well disciplined, 1000l. a month Contribution regularly setled, above 400 old Officers, Souldiers, and Engineers out of the Palati∣nate, the Low Countries, and Ireland, usefully employed: A Press to Print Orders, Declarations, Messages, and other Books, to instruct and undeceive the people. Prudently managed the Pen upon all occasions, being wonderfully quick in clearing this great truth; That his Majesty, and his Fellowers, had no other intention in this war that they were necessitated to, than the defence of the Protestant Religi∣on, the Laws, the Liberty and property of the Subject; together with the Priviledge of Parliament.

And by these ways prospered so well, but especially,

1. By the choice of his Deputies and Officers, as curiously ob∣serving other mens worth, as he carelesly undervalued his own, being choice in his instruments, because he was so in his designs; well knowing that great actions must be left to the management of great souls.

2. By his Discipline of the Army, without which, Commanders lead thronged Multitudes, and not Armies; and listed Routs, ra∣ther than Regiments; keeping his Souldiers men (that they might not be conquered by their debaucheries first, and then by their enemies) by moral instructions, enduring no Achan to trouble his Camp; as well as making them Souldiers, that they might not be to learn, when they were to perform their duty (Turpe est in arte militari dicere non putaram) by military direction.

3. By his Pay to his followers, pinching himself to gratifie them, knowing well what gelt could do, and what it was to keep back from men the price of their bloud, making them hazard their lives by Fight, to earn their pay; and by Famine, before they got it. His three words were, Pay well, Command well, and Hang well.

4. By his care to keep open the Trade of the Countries, under his Command, by Sea and Land.

5. By his solemn familiarity, neither the Mother of Contempt, nor the Daughter ofa 1.4 Art, and design his language with Caesar to his Country-men, was not Milites, but Comilitones; and with the Husbandman, it was not Go ye, but Gawee; seldom putting them upon any service, the most difficult part whereof he undertook not himself, in so much, that the Country stood, as well out of love to his Person, as conscience towards his Cause.

6. By sharing with them in their wants, observing their deserts, and rewarding them; he never made scales of his Souldiers, when they were dead, in taking Cities, nor Bridges of them when living, in bestowing preferments, knowing that deserving persons are more deeply wounded by their Commanders neglect, than by their Ene∣mies; the one may reach to kill the body, the other deadneth the spirit.

7. By preserving his Souldiers, being loath to loose them in a day, which he could not breed in a year; and understanding the perience and resolution of a veterane Army, he had the happy way of securing and entrenching himself; (for which ••ustavus Adolphus is so famous) so as in spight of his enemies, to fight for no mans pleasure but his own; not cozened by any appearances, nor forced by any violence to fight, till he thought fitting himself; counting it good manners in war, to take all advantages, and give none; especially when the small beginnings of his affairs confined his care more how to save himself handsomely•• than set on the enemy, giving his enemies occasion to complain that he would not patiently lye open to their full stroke; as that Roman brought an action against a man, because he would not receiv•• into his ••o••y his whole dart. A prudent reservation is as useful as a ••esolute onset, it being a greater skill to ward off blows, than to give them; he was as wise as that Lewis of France in preventing danger, who had fore∣sight to prevent mischiefs when they were coming, but not a pre∣sent prudence to engage them, when come; though yet he was as ready in incountring dangers, as that Henry of England, who could (as the Lord Bacon observes, who drew his life with a Pencil as ma∣jestick as his Scepter) with ready advice, command present thoughts, to encounter that danger with success, which he could not with foresight prevent.

8. By understanding his Enemies way, and the Countreys scitua∣tion, as to take many advantages by his incredible diligence (all his army doing service once every sixth day) and prevent all disad∣vantages by his equally incredible watchfulness.

9. By his Piety, keeping strict communion with God, all the while he was engaged in a war with men. He was reckoned a Puri∣tan before the wars for his strict life, and a Papist in the wars for exemplary devotion; entertaining sober and serious Non-confor∣mists in his House, while he fought against the Rebellio••s and Fa∣ctious in the Field. And we find him subscribing a Petition to his Majesty 1630. with other Gentlemen of Sommerset shire, to prevent unlawful and scandalousa 1.5 Revellings on the Lords day. As we observe him publishing Orders for the strict observation of the Lords day, the incouragement of good Ministers and People throughout his quarters; being very severe in these two Cases, 1. Rapines committed among the people. And 2. Prophaneness against God, saying, That the scandal of his Souldiers should neither draw the wrath of God upon his undertaking, nor enrage the Country against his Cause.

By these courses, I say, he prospered so (being so well placed (to use Paterculus his words of Sejanus) in eo cum judicio Principis certa∣hant studia populi) that the enemies Historian May, writes this un∣doubted, because an adversaries testimony of him.

Of all com∣manders there, that sided with the King against the Parliament, Sir Ralph Hopton by his unwearied industry, and great reputation among the people, had raised himself to the most considerable heighth, until the Earl of Stamford coming to the West, raised

Sir Ralph from the Siege of Plymouth, with some disadvantage, which yet the old Souldier made up again by a Parthian stratagem of a feigned flight, entrapping most of the Earls men, and to overthrowing the Parliament Forces, in so much that the Earl of Stamford desired a truce for twenty days, which Sir Ralph conde∣scended to, with a design, during the truce, to bring off Sir Iohn Chadley, as he did so happily, that the Earl was forced to betake himself to Exeter, the whole West, consisting of so many rich, and flourishing Shires, being wholly at his Majesties devotion.

And when Sir William Waller, with the posse of twenty one Coun∣ties, came upon him, he managed Skirmishes and Retreats with so much dexterity, that his very Flights conquered; for drawing Sir William to the Devizes to Besiege it, and making as if he would Treat about the yielding of that place; he contrived that he should be surprized with an unexpected Party of Horse on the one side, while he drew out upon him on the other, with such success, that he defeated, scattered, and ruined him, beyond relief (the Earl of Essex being told, when he would have advanced with his sickly Army, to recover him, that he was past it) he himself running for security, first to Bristol, and thence riding with a few Gentle∣men for recruit to London; leaving the few Garrisons that party had in those parts to Sir Ralphs mercy, who took five of them by Assaults, and seven upon Surrendry, with three thousand Priso∣ners, five thousand Armes, six Ships, with sixty four Peices of Ord∣nance in a fortnights time. He was excellent at contriving at the Scaling of Walls, as his Souldiers were in executing; and yet more excellent in taking hearts being so civil, even to the most ob∣stinate, that they chose rather to be conquered by him, than pro∣tected by others, ever detesting their bloudiness that came valiant to strong Holds, and departing cruel thence, knowing no difference either of Age or Sex in their anger, though they did in their Lust; only it is not be forgotten here, how this expert Commander loo∣sing the advantage of Lands-down, for want of Ammunition taught his Souldiers to beat and boil Bed-cords to make Match of them.

From the Devizes, Sir Ralph marched into Hampshire and Sussex, facing Petworth, entring Midhurst, and at last sitting down before Arundel Castle in the extreamest part of Suffex, which he carryed, beating Col. Norton into Chichester, and wheeling off in spight of the Enemy (that provoked him to fight with disadvantage among lined Hedges and Thickets, where he saw many brave men lost to no purpose at Cheriton-down) in appearance to Winchester, but re∣ally to Basing, and so to Oxford, whence Anno 1645. we finde him after the considerable Recruits he had left the King, advancing Westwards, and besieging Taunton, where (when we have observed that his Magazine being blown up, he was grievously hurt in the face, carrying an honorable scar to his grave) our Pen shall leave him, giving way to his own Secretary who hath communicated to the world this following account of him.

1645. His Majesty, the present comfort of the Kingdom, being worsted, and the Prince, the future hope of it appeared, taking

progress into the West to understand the Countrey before he should govern it; and to let the Country understand him, the pawn of their future felicity, whom it should obey; the Lord Hoptons presence raised as many brave men in Cornwall, to wait on the Son their Duke, as his wise, civil, and obliging conduct had done on the Father their King: under whom designing to relieve Exeter in a body of 10000 Horse and Foot, when they were met by my Lord Fairfax at Torrington, with 20000. where my Lord de¦spairing of breaking through them, drew out four or five Closes off the Enemy, lining the hedges, and flanking his Foot with Horse, who disputed every hedge first with the Dragoons, and then with the Reserves, and at last with the whole body of the other Army, pouring upon them Regiment upon Regiment; and when they had lost the hedges, maintained the Barricadoes at the end of the Town with push of Pike, and the Butt end of their Muskets, for three hours; and when over-powred there, my Lord brought up the Rear, and made good the retreat though his Horse was shot under him; so that the Foot had time to pass over the adjoyning River, and the Horse to guard them; my Lord making use of e∣very Avenue in the Town, or near, to stop the Enemies Career; whom, if his advice had been followed, he had surrounded and o∣vercome with their own Victory. And withdrawing to Cornwall he Rendezvouzed again, and made 5000. able Horse; a body un∣der the Command of so wise, as well as Valiant a Commander as the Lord Hopton appeared to be in the late Service, might, if there had been any hope of the Kings Affairs; and since there was not, commanded their own terms (when the Prince with∣drew from them to Scilly) at Truero, among others this Article offered my Lord himself, is remarkable, considering it proceeds from an Enemy.

Lastly, for your self, besides what is implyed to you in common with others, you may be assured of such mediation to the Parliament on your behalf, both from my self, and others; as for one whom for personal worth, and many virtues, but especially for your care of, and moderation towards the Country, we honor and esteem above any other of your party; whose error (supposing you more swayed with Principles of Honor and Conscience) we most pity, and whose happiness, so far as is consistent with the publick welfare, we should delight in more than in your least suffering. My Lord after much dispute, in hope either of assi∣stance from abroad, or of an accommodation between the King and Parliament, as it was called at home, upon the advance of near upon 40000. men towards him, disbanded, being allowed forty Horse and Arms, and twelve men for himself for a while, and not long after pardoned for Life, but condemned in his Estate. A favor like that I read of the Duke De Alva, vouchsafed the City of Harlem, when he promised them their lives, and yet sterved many of them to death saying, That though he had promised to give them their lives, he had not promised to give them meat.

Gentle was this Excellent Persons Extraction in the West of England, and man-like his Education in the Low-Countries; that

School of War, where Sir William Waller and he learned, as is said of Iugurtha and Manus in one Camp, what they practised in two: The one being no less eminent for his Service under his late Maje∣sty of blessed memory, than the other was for his against him. The one was the best Souldier the King had, the other the most experienced that the pretended Parliament boasted of. None fit∣ter to ballance Sir Ralph Hoptons success, none likelier to under∣stand his stratagems, none abler to undermine his designs, than his Fellow-souldier Sir William, who understood his method as well as he was acquainted with his Person. Both were equally active, both equally vigilant. But what better Character of this Hero, than that which his Master gave him in his Patten for Baron, which is his History as well as his honor.

CArolus Dei gratia Angliae, &c.

Cum & nominis nostri & poste∣ritatis interest, & ad clara exempla propaganda utilissime Compertum, palam fieri omnibus proemia, apud nos virtuti sita, nec perire fidelium subditorum officia, sed memori & benevolo pectore, fixissime insidere: His praesertim temporibus cum plu∣rimum (quibus antehac nimium indulsimus) temerata aut super∣ta fides, pretium aliorum Constantiae addidit. Cumque nobis certo constat Radulphum Hopton Militem de Balneo splendidis & antiquis Natalibus; tum in caetura sua vita integritatis & moris eximium, tum in hac novissima tempestate, fatalique Regni & Rebelli motu, rari animi fidei{que} exemplum edidisse, Regiae dig∣nitatis in ea{que} publicae Contra utrius{que} adversarios assertorem & vindicem acerrimum.

Quippe qui non solum nascenti huic furori (nec dum omni∣bus manifesto) optimis Consiliis fortis in Curia Senator restiterit; sed insinuante se latius veneno, & crescente ferocia domum ad s••os reversus fortior miles in agro suo Somersetensi & vicinis par∣tibus omni ope & manu iniquissimam causam oppugnaverit, in Arce praesertim Sherborniana sub Auspiciis Marchionis Hertfordiae egregiam operam navaverit. Mox ulterius progressus pollenti in Devonia factionis Tyrannide, & munitissima civitate in faedus illecta & jam undique bonis subditis perniciem minante, ipse pe∣ne in Regione Hospes, Contracto e Cornubio milite, & primori∣bus statim impetum eorum repressit jacentesque & afflictas no∣stras partes mirifica virtute recreavit. Et licet summis necessita∣tibus Conflictanti exigua pars Negotii hostes erant tantum abfuit ut vel illis, vel istis succumberet, ut contra Copias auctiores, & bellico apparatu instructissimas saepius signis Collatis in acie dimi∣cans semper superior excesserit. Testis Launcestionia, Salt ash, Bradock, aliaque obscura olim nomina & loca nunc victoriis il∣lius, & perduellium cladibus nobilitata vix etiam ab his respira∣verat, cum novus belli furor lassas jam fere & continuis praeliis laxatas vires Numerossimo excercitu adortus uberiorem trium∣phandi dedit materiam. Cum ille in campis Stratoniae in difficil∣limis licet angustiis redactus, inops militaris instrumenti, & Con∣sumpto jam pulvere tormentario, armatos inermis, vallo munito

inter sola causa & virtute animatus, ita retudit, concidit, castris exuit, ut totam belli molem cum ipsis Authoribus profligavit; Quicquid fugae illius residuum erat inter urbis unius maenia ea{que} arcta obsidione astricta Concluso. Qua quidem pugna memora∣bili praeter quod miserum popellum, jugo intollerabili levaverat, sedes suas expulsis, Ecclesias Pastoribus, pacem omnibus, & firma mentum pacis obsequium restituerit. Et jam sequenti armorum nostrorum felicitate quae partes Regni occidentales maturius ad officium & verum Dominum redierunt & viam apperuisse & momentum ingens extitisse libentissime profitemur; In hac opera laudabili cum praefatus Radulphus perstitert adhuc invicto animo & industria indefessa nullo arduo quantum vis labore & pericu∣lo excusatus cum{que} mille argumentis testatum fecerit, Honorem salutem{que} nostram sibi omni fortuna & capite potiorem, nos virum fortissimum optimeque affectum animum benigno stu dio prose∣qui, & amplius demereri volentes, hunc & praeconio merito or∣nandum, & propriori ad nos gradu extollendum censuimus. Sciatis igitur nos de gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa Scientia, vero motu, praefatum Radulphum Hopton ad statum, gradum, sty∣lum, Dignitatem, Titulum & Honorem Baronis Hapton de Statton in Comitatu nostro Cornubiae, &c. In cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fecimus Patententes.

Teste meipso apud Oxon quarto die Septembris, Anno Regni nostri Decimo nono.

Jones.

HIs two great Actions, the one at Liscard, the other at Stratton, cannot be better described than by an Eye-witness, whose words are these, as he saith, out of a Manuscript corrected with Sir Ralphs own hand, communicated to him by his Secretary Mr. Tredus.

At Liscard, a little before the Fight began, the Kings party took it into seasonable consideration, that seeing by the Commission the Lord Mohun brought from Oxford four Persons (viz. the said Lord Mohun, Sir Ralph Hopton, Sir Iohn Berkley, and Colonel Ashburham) were equally impowered in the managing of all Military matters: and seeing such equality might prove inconvenient (which hi∣therto had been prevented with the extraordinary moderation of all parties) in ordering a Battel, it was fittest to fix the Power in one Chief, and general consent setled it in Sir Ralph Hopton. He first gave order that publick prayers should be read in the Head of every Squadron, and it was done accordingly; and the Enemy observing it, did style it saying of Mass, as some of their Priso∣ners did afterwards confess. Then he caused the Foot to be drawn in the best order they could, and placed a Forlorn of Mus∣queteers in the little Inclosures, wringing them with the few Horse and Dragoons he had. This done, two small Minion Drakes speedily and secretly fetched from the Lord Mohun's House, were

planted on a little Burrough within random-shot of the Enemy; yet so, that they were covered out of their sight with small parties of Horse about them. These concealed Minions were twice dis∣charged with such success, that the Enemy quickly quitted their ground; and all their Army being put into a Rout, the Kings Forces had the Execution of them; which they performed very sparingly, taking 1250. Prisoners, all their Canon and Ammuniti∣on, and most of their Colours and Arms; and after publick thanks, taking their repose at Liscard.

Stratton Fight succeeds on Thursday the 16. of May 1643.

THe Kings Army wants Am∣munition, and hath a steep∣hill to gain, with all disadvan∣tage and danger: The Horse and Dragoons being not five hun∣dred, and the Foot two thousand four hundred.

THe Parliament Army well furnished, and Barrica∣do'd upon the top of the hill, their Foot 3400 and their Horse not many indeed, having di∣spatched 1200 to surprize the Sheriff and Commissioners at Bodmin.

ON the Kings side, order was given to force the passage to the top of the hill, by four several Avenues: the ascent was deep and difficult; resolutely did his Majesties Forces get up, and obstinately did the Enemy keep them down. The fight continu∣ed doubtful, with many countenances of various events (from four in the morning, till three in the afternoon) amongst which most remarkable, the smart charge made by M. G. Chudleigh, with a stand of Pikes on Sir Bevile Greenvil, who fell nobly himself, and had lost his Squadron, had not Sir Iohn (now Lord Berkley, who led up the Musqueteers on each side of Sir Bevil) seasonably relie∣ved it, so resolutely re-inforcing the Charge, that Major General Chudleigh, was taken Prisoner. Betwixt three and four of the Clock, the Commanders of the Kings Forces, who embraced those four several ways of ascent, met to their mutual joy almost on the top of the hill, which the routed Enemy confusedly forsook. In this service, though they were Assailants, they lost very few men, and no considerable Officer, killing of the Enemy about three hundred, and taking seventeen hundred Prisoners, all their Ca∣non (being thirteen pieces of Brass Ordnance) and Ammunition (seventy Barrels of Powder) with a Magazine of Bisket and other Provision proportionable. For this Victory, publick Prayer and Thanksgiving was made on the hill; then the Army was disposed of to improve their success to the best advantage. Nothing had sunk his great spirit, but the fate of Kingdoms, with whose ruine only he was contented to fall, and disbanded his Souldiers upon honorable terms. Five things made my Lord Hopton so eminently serviceable. 1. His great in-sight into the Designs, and prudent fore-sight of the events of present Counsel, which when most doubted and wavered, gave him that great resolution that under∣took

great difficulties, and bore up against greater. 2. His expe∣rience of War in general, and his acquaintance with that seat of it committed to him in particular. 3. His renown all over the Kingdom for Piety and Moderation, and within his own associati∣on for Hospitality, Civility and Charity. 4. His Name among the Enemies, as considerable for his Generousness and Justice, as for his Valor and Conduct. 5. His Estate, that set him above Mer∣cinariness; and his care for Money, that set his Souldiers above need, the occasion of mutinying among themselves, or of incivil∣lities towards others. This Noble Lord dyed a Bruges September 1652. without any issue, besides those of his Soul, his great thoughts and greater actions, his Barony of Stratton being coferred on the Lord Iohn Berkley, younger Son of Sir Maurice Berkley of Bruerton in Somerset-shire, so highly concerned with him in the Martial Affairs of the West, (being one of them that reduced and commanded it) he might well share with him the honor; and as Queen Eliz. was pleased that none but a King should succeed in her Throne when dying, she said, My Throne is the Throne of Kings; so this Lords Ghost would be infinitely satisfied to see that none but an excel∣lent Souldier should inherit his honor, for his honor was the honor of Chivalry.

Vivat Radulphus Hopton Terris quas dom••it fama, & coelo cui vixit, anima, natalem geminum ipsa & mors pariat. Quicquid vires potuere, quicquid & honesti Doli; Favente eta 2.1 statore Jove et Fugitivo; Pedibus restituentibus rem manibus Fractam Fecit Vir magnus maximis excidens ausibus Cui saepissime in desperata sola salute salus; monstrum martis! superat fuga; strata potestas; est unita minor, major, ut una manus; duplam meruit lauream ut pote cujus caput galeam habuit et intus et extra. De membris acies, de mente triumphat acumen Hac coiere greges, hac coiere duces Hostes dextra domat, cerebro victoria victa est Praefuit hinc magno Julius, inde sibi.

Notes

• b 1.1

  In Moun. ••••••••hshire.
• a 1.2

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
• b 1.3

  He carried the Queen of Bohemia he hi•••• ••••um•• after∣•••••• sa••l b••ttel 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Pr••ga••, 40 m••l••s.
• a 1.4

  Credan•• haud grat••i∣••am in ••an••a majestate co∣mitatem, Leo.
• a 1.5

  Ri••tous ••iplings, quar∣rels, murders, uncleaness, disorderly ase¦sembly.
• a 2.1

  Iove ••a∣tore Vid Liv & Flor ••. 1. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 Fug•• P••aeses 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Schol A••oll••n A••gon l. 2. v 1151. c. 4. v. 699.