The works of the Reverend and learned John Lightfoot D. D., late Master of Katherine Hall in Cambridge such as were, and such as never before were printed : in two volumes : with the authors life and large and useful tables to each volume : also three maps : one of the temple drawn by the author himself, the others of Jervsalem and the Holy Land drawn according to the author's chorography, with a description collected out of his writings.

Reason of the Order.

THE juncture and connexion of the two stories of Christs baptism, and of his tempta∣tion, and the speedy succeeding of the one to the other, is so clear and manifest in all the Evangelists, that it were but loss of time to go about to prove or confirm it; especi∣ally since Mark hath tied them so close together with the word immediately, that it is im∣possible to put them asunder. But it is a difficulty that requireth some study and serious∣ness, viz. how to reconcile the two Evangelists Matthew and Luke together in their rela∣ting of this story of the temptation, they do so much differ in their order. For where∣as Matthew hath laid that temptation that was on the pinnacle of the Temple, for the second temptation; and that upon the high mountain for the last: Luke hath laid that upon the mountain for the second, and that upon the pinnacle for the third. And in the laying down their Text, I have suffered each to retain his own order, and have not been so bold as to alter and transpose it.

Now for the reconciling of the difference, and satisfying of the difficulty, let these things be taken into consideration:

1. That the order in which Matthew hath laid the temptation is the proper method and order in which they were done and acted. And this is plain by those particles which he hath used to express the time, which Luke hath not done, as vers. 5. Then the Devil taketh him; and vers. 8. Again the Devil taketh him: which clearly methodize and rank, the second temptation after the first, and the third after the second.

2. That Luke was not punctual in setting down the order, since he saw Matthew had done it before, but he changeth and inverteth it for special reason.

3. The reason of his alteration may be conceived to be this: He had in the Chapter and Section preceding, laid the genealogy and proper pedegree of our Saviour at his baptism, and had drawn his line up to Adam: and this he did in reference to, and in

explanation of that part of the promise made to Adam, The seed of the woman: In this story of the temptations, and of Christs victory over Satan in them, he illustrateth the other part of the promise, Shall break the head of the Serpent. Now that he may the clearer explain that latter part, concerning Christs breaking the Serpents head, he doth not only shew how he conquered the Devil in his temptations, as our first parents were conquered by him, but he also giveth such a hint by this dislocation of the story, that we might observe that these temptations were agreeable to the temptations by which we fell; and that this second Adam overcame the Devil, in such temptings, as in which the first Adam was overcome.

Our mother Eve had been tempted of the Serpent, by the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, as 1 Joh. 2. 16. By the lust of the flesh, for the woman saw that the tree was good for food; by the lust of the eyes, for she saw that it was pleasant to look up∣on; and by the pride of life, for she conceived that it was a tree to be desired to make one wise; and she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, Gen. 3. 6.

Accordingly was our Saviour assaulted at this time by the same tempter: 1. He would have tempted him to lust of the flesh, when perceiving him hungry, he moveth him to turn stones into bread. 2. To lust of the eyes, when he shewed, and offered to him the glory and pomp of all the Kingdoms of the Earth. And 3. to pride of life, when he would perswade him from the ordinary way of coming down from the top of the Temple, but would have him to cast himself headlong, presuming upon a promise.

The order laid down by Luke is so point-blank correspondent to the order of those first temptations, that we may well conceive that the reason of his ranking these in this method, is, that the Reader might compare and consider the one from the other.

4. Now the reason why the Devil did not tempt our Saviour in the very same order and method that he tempted our first parents, is very difficult to determine: But this is plain to observe, that he tempted him first to works of power, to make stones bread, and to fly in the air; and when in these he could not prevail, then he tempted him to a work of sinful weakness, viz. to adore the Devil; such is the impudency of the Devil, as even to cross himself in the tenor of his temptations, and if he cannot speed in one, to take up another clean contrary to it, rather than to ••ail, and to go away without speeding in what he desireth, if it may be done.