The works of the Reverend and learned John Lightfoot D. D., late Master of Katherine Hall in Cambridge such as were, and such as never before were printed : in two volumes : with the authors life and large and useful tables to each volume : also three maps : one of the temple drawn by the author himself, the others of Jervsalem and the Holy Land drawn according to the author's chorography, with a description collected out of his writings.

§. Tetrarch.

Some tying themselves too strictly, to the signification of the Greek word, understand by Tetrarch, him that governeth the fourth part of a Kingdom, for the Original word includeth four: and accordingly have concluded, that the Kingdom of Herod the great was divided by Augustus after his death into four parts, and given to his four sons, Ar∣chelaus [in whose room they say succeeded Pontius Pilate] Herod Antipas, Philip, and Lysanias. In this strictness hath the Syrian Translator taken the word, rendring it thus, Herod being the fourth Ruler in Galilee, and Philip the fourth ruler in Iturea. And the Ara∣bick thus: Herod being head over a fourth part, even Galilee: and so in the rest. But if the opinion be narrowly examined, these absurdities will be found in it.

First, It maketh a Tetrarchy to be nothing else, but exactly the fourth part of a King∣dom, whereas Pliny, lib. 5. cap. 18. speaketh of Tetrarchies that were like Kingdoms, and compacted into Kingdoms, and he nameth Trachonitis for one. His words are these: In∣tercurrunt, cinguntque has Uerbes, Tetrarchiae regnorum instar singulae, & in regna contribu∣untur, Trachonitis, Paneas, in qua Caesarea cum supradicto fonte Abila. And in chap. 23.

he saith, Caelosyria had seventeen Tetrarchies, Tetrarchias in regna descriptas, barbaris nomi∣nibus decem & septem.

Secondly, It divideth Herods kingdom into four parts, whereas it was parted only into three, to his three Sons, Joseph. Ant. lib. 17.

Thirdly, It maketh Lysanias to be Herods son, which he was not at all.

A Tetrarch therefore seemeth rather to be one that was in the fourth rank or degree of excellency and government in the Roman Empire: the Emperor that was Lord of all the Empire being the first, the Proconsul that governed a Province the second, a King the third, and a Tetrarch the fourth. So Mishueh, and Shalish in the Hebrew, signifie a man▪ second or third to the King.