VERS. IV.
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And Captains.
THEY are called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, vers. 52. Captains of the Temple: And in the singular number, the Captain of the Temple, Acts IV. 1. but who should this, or these be?
I. All know, that there was a Roman Garrison in the Castle of Antonia, whose charge especially was to suppress all Tumults and Seditions in the Temple: But was the Tribune or the Centurions of that Garrison called by the name of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the Captains of the Temple? Surely rather 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, the Captains of the Castle of Antonia. And indeed it appears not that the Roman Captains had conspired against the life of Christ, that Judas should betake himself to them to make a bargin for the betraying of him.
II. The conjecture might be more probable of those Rulers in the Temple, concerning whom we have this mention. a 1.1 These are the Rulers that were in the Temple: Johanan ben Phineas Governour of the Seals, Ahijah set over the drink offerings: Matthiah ben Sa∣muel that presided over the Lots, &c. But to me it seems beyond all doubt that the Cap∣tains of the Temple, were the Captains of the several Watches. b 1.2 In three places the Priests kept Watch and Ward in the Temple, viz. in Beth Abtenes, Beth Nitsots, and Beth Mokad. The Levites also in one and twenty places more. Whereas therefore these Watches or Guards consisted every one of several persons, there was one single person set over each of them, as their Captain or the head of that Watch. And this way looks that of Pilat. Matth. XXVII. 65. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, ye have a watch of your own, let some of them be sent to guard the Sepulchre.
III. The Captain of the Temple therefore, distinctively and by way of eminence so termed, I would suppose him whom they called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 The Ruler of the Mountain of the House, who was the chief of all the heads of those Wards. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 c 1.3 The Ruler of the Mountain of the Temple, takes his walks through every watch, with Torches lighted before him: and if he found any upon the Watch that might not be standing on his feet, he said, Peace be with thee; but if he found him sleeping, he strack him with a stick, and it was warrantable for him to burn the Garments of such an one. And when it was said by others, what is that noise in the Court? the answer was made, it is the noise of a Levite under cor∣rection, and whose Garments are burning for that he slept upon the Watch. R. Eliezer ben Jacob said, they once found my Mother's Son asleep, and they burnt his Cloaths. Compare this passage with Revel. XVI. 15. Behold I come as a Thief; Blessed is he that watcheth, and keepeth his Garments, lest he walk naked, and they see his shame.
It is easie distinguishing this 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 This Captain of the mountain of the Temple, from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the Ruler of the Temple or the Sagan. The former presided only over the Guards; the latter over the whole Service of the Temple. And so we have them di∣stinguished, Acts IV. vers. 1. there is the Captain of the Temple, and Annas who was the Sagan.