VERS. XX.
:〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 is the word among the Talmudists.
I. The Schools of the Rabbins distinguish between 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉sitting at the Table, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉lying at the table e〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉If they sit to eat, every one says grace for himself,〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉If they lye, one says grace for all. But now that lying, as the Gloss on the place saith, was when they leaned on their left side upon couches, and eat and drank as they thus leaned. And the same Gloss in another place; They used to eat lying along upon their left side, their feet being on the ground, every one on a single couch:fBab. Berac. As also the Gemara,gTo lye on ones back, is not called lying down, and to lye on ones right side, is not called lying down.
II. The Israelites accounted such lying down in eating a very fit posture requisite in sacred feasts, and highly requisite and most necessary in the Paschal Supper. We do not*use lying down, but only to a morsel, &c. And indeed to those that did eat leaning, leaning was necessary. But now our sitting is a kind of leaning along. They were used to lean along, every one on his own couch, and to eat his meat on his own table: But we eat all to∣gether at one table.
:〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉iEven the poorest Israelite must not eat, till he lyes down. The Canon is speaking about the Paschal Supper. On which, thus the Ba∣bylonians. It is said that the feast of unleavened bread requires leaning or lying down, but the bitter herbs not: concerning wine it is said in the name of Rabh Nachman, That it hath need of lying down: and it is said in the name of Rabh Nachman, that it hath not need of lying down: and yet these do not contradict one another; for that, is said of the two first cups, this, of the two last.k They lay down on the left side, not on the right, because they must necessarily use their right hand in eating. So the Gloss there.
III. They used, and were fond of that custome of lying down, even to superstition, because it carried with it a token and signification of liberty. lR. Levi saith, it is the manner of Slaves to eat standing: but now let them eat lying along, that it may be known that they are gone out of bondage to liberty. R. Simon, in the name of R. Joshuah benPage 257Levi, let that which a man eats at the Passover, and does his duty, though it be but as big as an olive, let it be eaten lying along,mThey eat the unleavened bread the first night, lying down, because it is a commemoration of deliverance. The bitter herbs have no need of lying down, because they are in memory of bondage. Although it be the bread of affliction, yet it is to be eaten after the manner of liberty. See more there. nWe are obliged to lye down when we eat, that we may eat after the manner of Kings and Nobles.
IV. When there were two beds,〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉The worthiest person lyes uppermost; the second to him next above him. But when there were three beds, the worthiest person lay in the middle, the second above him, the third, below him.o On which, thus the Gloss. When there were two, the principal person, lay on the first couch, and the next to him, lay above him, that is on a couch placed at the pillow of the more worthy person. If there were three, the worthiest lay in the middle; the next, above him; and the third, be∣low him: that is, at the coverlids of his feet. If the principal person desires to speak with the second, he must necessarily raise himself so as to sit upright, for as long as he sits bending, he cannot speak to him; for the second sate behind the head of the first, and the face of the first was turned another away: and it would be better with the second (in respect of discourse) if he sate below him; for then he might hear his words, even as he lay along. This affords some light to that story Joh. XIII. 23, 24. where Peter, as seems likely, lying behind our Saviours head, in the first place next after him, could not discourse with him, nor ask about the Betrayer. Therefore looking over Christs head upon John, he gave him a sign to enquire: He sitting in the second place from Christ, with his face towards him, asketh him.
