The works of the Reverend and learned John Lightfoot D. D., late Master of Katherine Hall in Cambridge such as were, and such as never before were printed : in two volumes : with the authors life and large and useful tables to each volume : also three maps : one of the temple drawn by the author himself, the others of Jervsalem and the Holy Land drawn according to the author's chorography, with a description collected out of his writings.

CHAP. XXII. (Book 22)

VERS. IX.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, &c.

Go ye into the high ways, &c.

THAT is, Bring in hither the travellers. h 1.1 What is the order of sitting down to meat? The travellers come in, and sit down upon benches or chairs, till all are come that were invited. The Gloss, It was a custom among rich men to invite poor tra∣vellers to feasts.

VERS. XVI.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

With the Herodians.

MANY things are conjectured concerning the Herodians. I make a judgment of them from that History which is produced by the Author Juchasin. i 1.2 Speaking of Hillel and Shammai. Heretofore, saith he, Hillel and Menahem were (heads of the Council:) but Menahem withdrew into the family of Herod, together with eighty men bravely clad. These and such as these I suppose were called Herodians, who partly got into the Court, and partly were of the faction both of the Father and Son. With how great opposition of the generality of the Jewish people, Herod ascended and kept the Throne, we have observed before. There were some that obstinately resisted him; others, that as much defended him: to these was deservedly given the title of Herodians; as endeavoring with all their might to settle the Kingdom in his family; and they it seems were of the Sadducean Faith and Doctrine; and it is likely, had leavened Herod, who was now Tetrarch, with the same principles. For (as we noted before) the leaven of the Sadducees in Matthew, k 1.3 is in Mark, l 1.4 The leaven of Herod. And it was craftily con∣trived on both sides; that they might be a mutual establishment to one another, they to his Kingdom, and he to their Doctrine. When I read of Manaem, or Menahem, the foster brother of Herod the Terarch m 1.5, it readily brings to my mind the name and story before mentioned of Menahem, who carried over with him so many eminent persons to the Court of Herod.

VERS. XX.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉;

Whose is this image and superscription?

THEY endeavour, by a pernicious subtilty, to find out whether Christ were of the same opinion with Judas of Galilee. Which opinion, those lewd disturbers of all things, whom Josephus brands every where under the name of Zelots, had taken up; stifly denying obedience and tribute to a Roman Prince; because they perswaded them∣selves and their followers, that it was a sin to submit to a Heathen government. What great calamities the outragious fury of this conceit brought upon the people, both Jose∣phus and the ruins of Jerusalem at this day, testifie. They chose Caesar before Christ; and yet because they would neither have Caesar nor Christ, they remain sad Monuments to all ages, of the Divine vengeance, and their own madness. To this fury those frequent warnings of the Apostles do relate, That every one should submit himself to the higher pow∣ers. n 1.6 And the characters of these mad men, They contemn Dominions, o 1.7 and They exalt themselves against every thing that is called God. p 1.8

Christ answers, the treachery of the question propounded, out of the very determi∣nations of the Schools, where this was taught, Wheresoever the mony of any King is cur∣rant, there the inhabitants acknowledge that King for their Lord. q 1.9 Hence is that of the Jerus. Sanhedr. r 1.10 Abigail said to David, what evil have I done, or my Sons, or my cattel? He answered, Your husband vilifies my Kingdom. Are you then, said she, a King? to which he, Did not Samuel anoint me for a King? She replied, :〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 The mony of our Lord Saul as yet is currant; that is, Is not Saul to be accounted King, while his mony is still received commonly by all?

VERS. XXIII.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

The Sadducees, who say that there is no Resurrection.

s 1.11 THE Sadducees cavil, and say, The cloud faileth and passeth away; so he that goeth down to the grave, doth not return. Just after the same rate of arguing as they use, that deny Infant-baptism: Because, forsooth, in the Law there is no express menti∣on of the Resurrection. Above, we suspected that the Sadducees were Herodians, that is to say, Courtiers: but these here mentioned were of a more inferior sort.

VERS. XXXII.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.

God is not the God of the dead.

READ, if you please, the beginning of the Chapter Chelek, * 1.12 where you will ob∣serve with what arguments and inferences 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 The Talmu∣dists maintain the Resurrection, out of the Law; namely, by a manner of arguing not un∣like this of our Saviours. We will produce only this one, R. Eliezer Be R. Josi said, In this matter I accused the Scribes of the Samaritans of falshood, while they say that the Resur∣rection of the dead cannot be proved out of the Law. I told them, You corrupt your Law, and it is nothing which you carry about in your hands; for you say that the Resurrection of the dead is not in the Law, when it saith, That soul shall be utterly cut off; his iniquity is up∣on him. t 1.13 Shall be utterly cut off, namely in this world. His iniquity is upon him. When? Is it not in the world to come? I have quoted this, rather than the others which are to be found in the same place; because they seem here to tax the Samari∣tan Text of corruption; when indeed both the Text and the Version, as may easi∣ly be observed, agree very well with the Hebrew. When therefore the Rabbin saith that they have corrupted their Law (〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉) he doth not so much deny the purity of the Text, as reprove the vanity of the interpretation: as if he had said, You interpret your Law falsly, when you do not infer the Resurrection from those words which speak it so plainly.

With the present argument of our Saviour compare first, those things which are said by R. Tanchum. u 1.14 R. Simeon ben Jochai saith, God, Holy and Blessed doth not joyn his Name to holy men while they live; but only after their death: as it is said, w 1.15 To the Saints that are in the Earth. When are they Saints? When they are laid in the Earth; for while they live, God doth not joyn his name to them; because he is not sure but that some evil affection may lead them astray: but when they are dead, then he joyns his name to them. But we find that God joyned his name to Isaac while he was living. (I am the God of Abraham and

the God of Isaac x 1.16) The Rabbins answer, He looked on his dust, as if it were gathered upon the Altar. R. Berachiah said, since he became blind, he was in a manner dead. See also R. Menahem on the Law. y 1.17

Compare also those words of the Jerusal. Gemara. z 1.18 The righteous even in death are said to live; and the wicked even in life are said to be dead. But how is it proved that the wicked even in life are said to be dead? From that place where it is said, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 I have no delight in the death of the dead. Is he already dead that is here called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 Dead? And whence is it proved that the righteous even in death are said to live? From that passage, And he said to him, this is the land concerning which I sware to Abraham, to Isaac and to Jacob, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 What is the meaning of the word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 ? He saith to him, Go and tell the Fa∣thers, whatsoever I promised to you, I have performed to your children.

The opinion of the Babylonians is the same, a 1.19 The living know that they shall dye: They are righteous who in their death are said to live: as it is said, And Benaiah the son of Je∣hojada the son of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 •• living man, &c. And a little after, The dead knew nothing: They are the wicked, who even in their life are called Dead, as it is said, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 And thou, dead wicked Prince of Israel. The word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 which is commonly rendred Profane in this place, they render it also in a sense very usual, namely for one wounded or dead.

b 1.20 There are further, divers stories alledged, by which they prove that the dead so far live, that they understand many things which are done here; and that some have spoke after death, &c.

Notes

• h 1.1

  Bab. Beracoth. fol. 43. 1.
• i 1.2

  Fol. 19. 1.
• k 1.3

  Matth. XVI. 6
• l 1.4

  Mark VIII. 19
• m 1.5

  Act. XIII. ••.
• n 1.6

  Rom. XIII. 1. 1 Pet II. 13. &c.
• o 1.7

  2 Pet. II. 10. Jud. vers. 8.
• p 1.8

  2 Thes. II. 4.
• q 1.9

  Maim. on Gezelah. chap. 5
• r 1.10

  Fol. 20. 2.
• s 1.11

  Tanchum, sol. 3. 1.
• * 1.12

  In Bab. San∣hedr.
• t 1.13

  Numb. XV. 31.
• u 1.14

  Fol. 13. 3.
• w 1.15

  Psa. XVI. 3.
• x 1.16

  Gen. XXVIII. 13.
• y 1.17

  Fol. 62. 1.
• z 1.18

  Berac. sol. 5 4
• a 1.19

  Berac. sol. 18. 1
• b 1.20

  Ibid. col. 2.