The works of the Reverend and learned John Lightfoot D. D., late Master of Katherine Hall in Cambridge such as were, and such as never before were printed : in two volumes : with the authors life and large and useful tables to each volume : also three maps : one of the temple drawn by the author himself, the others of Jervsalem and the Holy Land drawn according to the author's chorography, with a description collected out of his writings.

The Book of JOSHUA. (Book Joshua)

THIS Book containeth a history of the seventeen years of the rule of Joshua, which though they be not expresly named by this sum in clear words, yet are they to be collected to be so many, from that gross sum of four hundred and eighty years from the delivery out of Egypt, to the laying of the foundation of solomons Temple, mentioned 1 Kings 6. 1. for the Scripture hath par∣celled out that sum into these particulars; forty years of the people in the wilderness; two hundred ninety and nine years of the Judges; for∣ty years of Eli; forty of Samuel and Saul; forty of David; and four of Solomon to the Temples founding; in all, four hundred sixty three, and therefore the seventeen years that must make up the sum four hun∣dred and eighty, must needs be concluded to have been the time of the rule of Joshua.

CHAP. I.

[World 2554] [Ioshua 1] JOSHUA of Joseph succeedeth Moses, the seventh from Ephraim, 1 Chron. 7. 25. and in him first appeared Josephs birth-right, 1 Chron. 5. 1. and Ephraims dignity, Gen. 48. 10, He is called Jesus by the LXX. and by the New Testament, Acts 7. 45. Heb. 4. 8. a type of him that bringeth his people into eternal rest. He is installed into the authority of Moses, both to com∣mand the people and to work miracles; and the Book of the Law put into his hand by Eleazer, as the manner was at Coronations, 2 Chron. 23. 11. He foreseeth the dividing of Jordan, and gives charge to provide to march through it.

CHAP. II.

RAhab an hostess of Jericho hath more faith then 600000 men of Israel, that had seen the wonders in Egypt, and the wilderness. Two Spies that were sent out the sixth day of Nisan come out of Jericho again that night; the seventh day they lie in the mountains, and the eighth day they return to the Camp: here are the three days just so counted as the three days of our Saviours burial.

CHAP. III. IV.

ON the ninth day, the people march along upon Jordans banks till they come over against Jericho. The Ark leads the van, for the Cloud of Glory which had been their conductor hitherto, was taken away at Moses his death. On the tenth day the Ark divided Jordan; there are 4000 cubits dry land in the midst of Jordan, between the two bodies of the armies that marched on either side of the Ark as it stood in the middest of the river: the Ark pitcheth besides Adam, Chap. 3. 16. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Psal. 78. 60.

CHAP. V.

THERE is a general circumcision now of the people, as there had been at their coming out of Egypt; and as God then closed the Egyptians in three days darkness that they could not stir, so now he striketh the Canaanites with terrour that they dare not stir to hurt the people while they were fore. Circumcision sealed the lease of the land of Canaan, and therefore as soon as they set foot on it, they must be circumcised; the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth days of Abib or Nisan are spent about this business, and on the fourteenth day they kept the Passover, and so are sensible of both their Sacraments at once. It is now forty years to a day since they came out of Egypt; Christ appeareth weaponed, and is Lord General in the wars of Canaan.

CHAP. VI.

JEricho strangely besieged; incompassed seven days, according to the seven generations since the land was promised, counting from Abraham by Levi and Moses.

Israel marcheth on the Sabbath day by a special dispensation. The walls of Jericho brought down by trumpets and a shout, in figure of the subdu∣ing of the strong holds of Satan among the heathens by the power of the Gospel: the spoil of the Town dedicated to the Lord, as the first fruits of Canaan, Rahab received as the first fruits of the Heathen; she afterward marrieth Salmon a Prince of Judah, Matth. 1. 5. Joshua adjureth Rahabs kindred for ever building Jericho again.

CHAP. VII.

[World 2554] [Ioshua 1] AChan by one fact maketh all Israel abominable; the like thing not to be paralleld again: The valley of Achor is now the dore of discomfiture and discontent; in time to come it must be the dore of hope, Hos. 2. 15. ful∣filled to the very letter, Joh. 4.

CHAP. VIII.

AI taken, and the spoil given to the souldiers; and here they have the first seisure and possession of the Land, (for in the spoil of Jericho they had no part) And then Joshua builded an Altar, vers. 30. and writeth the Law upon it, and the blessings and the curses are pronounced; and now it was full time, for now had the Lord by the sweet of the spoil of Ai, given the people a taste of his performance of his promise, to give them that land, and now it was seasonable on their part to engage themselves to him, and to the keeping of the Law.

CHAP. IX. X. XI. XII. XIII. XIV.

[Ioshua 2] A Great delusion of the Church by the colour of Antiquity; the Gibeo∣nites [Ioshua 3] made Nechenims for the inferiour offices about the Sanctuary: the [Ioshua 4] Sun and Moon do obeisance to a son of Joseph, as Gen. 37. 9. thereupon there [Ioshua 5] is a miraculous day of three days long. In seven years is the land conquered, [Ioshua 6] as Jericho had been seven days besieged; that this was the date of Joshua's [Ioshua 7] battles, appeareth from the words of Caleb, Chap. 14. 7, 10. he was sent one of the Spies of the land in the second year of their coming out of Egypt, and had lived five and forty years since, viz. eight and thirty years in the wilder∣ness, and seven in Canaan.

CHAP. XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX. XX. XXI. XXII. XXIII. XXIV.

[Ioshua 8] JUdah the royal Tribe first seated; the taking of Hebron and Kiriath Se∣pher, [Ioshua 9] are mentioned here by anticipation, (for these occurrences came [Ioshua 10] not to pass till after Joshua's death) because the Holy Ghost in describing of [Ioshua 11] the inheritance of Judah, would take special notice of the portion of Caleb [Ioshua 12] who had adhered to the Lord. Then Ephraim and Manasseh seated; the [Ioshua 13] birth-right of Joseph is served next after the royalty of Judah. The Ta∣bernacle [Ioshua 14] set up in a Town of the lot of Ephraim, and the Town named Shi∣loh, [Ioshua 15] because of the peaceableness of the land at this time. The Temple [Ioshua 16] was afterward built at Salem, which signifieth Peaceable also; that in the lot of Benjamin, this in the lot of Joseph, both the sons of beloved Rachel.

The rest of the land divided; Simeon though he were of the same standard with Reuben and Gad, yet consenteth not with them to reside beyond Jordan, but is mixed in his inheritance with the Tribe of Judah, as Gen. 49. 7. The rest of the Tribes seated agreeable to the prediction of Jacob and Moses. The taking of Laish or Leshem by the Danites, is related here by anticipati∣on, (for it was not done till after Joshua's death, Judg. 18. 29.) because the Text would give account of their whole inheritance together, now it is speak∣ing of it. From this mention of an occurrence that befel after Joshua's death, and the like about Hebron and Kiriath Sepher, it may be concluded that Joshua wrote not this Book, but Phineas rather. Joshua himself is inheri∣tanced last. Three Cities of refuge appointed within Jordan, one in Judea, another in Samaria, and the third in Galilee: and three without Jordan in the three Tribes there.

Eight and forty Cities appointed for the Priests and Levites; as so many Universities wherein they studied the Law.

It is not worth the labour to examine, because it is past the ability to de∣termine, whether the two Tribes and an half returned to their own homes assoon as ever the land had rest from the wars, which was in the seventh year; or whether they stayed till the land was divided, and the people settled, which took up a long time more: howsoever it was, the two and twentieth Chapter that containeth that story, is laid very properly where it lieth, because it was fit that the whole story which concerned the con∣quest and the possession of the land, should be handled all together, be∣fore any other particulars and emergencles should interpose and inter∣rupt it.

[World 2570] [Ioshua 17] JOSHUA dieth, one hundred and ten years old; the age of his old father Joseph, Gen. 50. 26. He had divided Jordan, shouted down Jericho walls, stopt the Sun, conquered Canaan, set up the Tabernacle, settled the people, buried the bones of the Patriarchs at Sichem, the head City of the land; ingaged the people to Religion, and done gloriously in his generati∣on: A type of Christ in the most of these things.

With those Chapters of Joshua that do treat concerning the division of the land, and setling of the Tribes in their several possessions, it may not be unproper nor unprofitable to read those Chapters in the first Book of Chronicles that do mention the Fathers and chief men in every Tribe, and who were planters and raisers of families in these several possessions: as with Josh. 13. that relateth the inheritance of the two Tribes and half, to read 1 Chron. 5. With Josh. 15. that describeth the possession of Judah, to read 1 Chron. 2, 3, 4. to verse 24. With Josh. 16, 17. that hand∣leth the lot of Ehphraim and Manasseh, to read 1 Chronicles 7. from verse 14. to verse 30. With Joshua 18. from verse 11. to the end, about the possession of Benjamin, to read 1 Chron. 7. from verse 6. to verse 13. and 8. all. With Josh. 19. to verse 10. read 1 Chron. 4. from verse 24. to the end. With Josh. 19. from verse 19. to verse 24. read 1 Chron. 7. to verse 6. With Josh. 19. from verse 24. to verse 31. read 1 Chron. 7. from verse 30. to the end. With Josh. 19. verse 32. &c. 1 Chron. 7. verse 13. With Josh. 21. read 1 Chron. 6.

And with these Chapters of Joshua as an exposition of some of them, read 1 Chronicles 9. But as for the casting the several Texts and parcels of these Chapters in the Book of Chronicles into their proper times, and to take in every man named there, and his story into the Chronicle in the age where he lived, would not only be difficult if possible, but would be confused in this Work we have in hand. A close Commen∣tary upon the first Book of Chronicles, would be a matter of singular value, and might be conducible for this and for other very material pur∣poses.