The satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis translated into English verse by Mr. Dryden and several other eminent hands ; together with the satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus, made English by Mr. Dryden ; with explanatory notes at the end of each satire ; to which is prefix'd a discourse concerning the original and progress of satire ... by Mr. Dryden.

EXPLANATORY NOTES ON THE THIRD SATYR.

CƲmae, a small City in Campania, near Puteoli, or Puzzolo as it is call'd. The Habitation of the C••maean Sybil.

Bajae; Another little Town in Campanio, near the Sea: A pleasant Place.

Prochyta: A small Barren Island belonging to the Kingdom of Na∣ples.

In Dog-days. The Poets in Iuvenal's time, us'd to rehearse their Poetry in August.

Numa. The second King of Rome; who made their Laws, and instituted their Religion.

Nymph. Aegeria, a Nymph, or Goddess; with whom Numa feign'd to converse by Night; and to be instructed by her, in model∣ing his Superstitions.

Where Daedalus, &c. Meaning at C••m••e.

Lachesis; one of the three Destinies, whose Office was to spin the Life of every Man: as it was of Clotho to hold the Distaff, and A∣tropos to cut the Thread.

Arturius. Any debauch'd wicked Fellow who gains by the times.

With Thumbs bent backward. In a Prize of Sword-Players, when one of the Fencers had the other at his Mercy, the Vanquish'd Party implor'd the Clemency of the Spectators. If they thought he deserv'd it not, they held up their Thumbs and bent them backwards, in sign of Death.

Verres, Praetor in Sicily, Contemporary with Cicero; by whom accus'd of oppressing the Province, he was Condemn'd: His Name is u••'d here for any Rich Vicious Man.

Tagus, a Famous River in Spain, which discharges it self into the Ocean near Lisbone in Portugal. It was held of old, to be full of Golden Sands.

Orontes, the greatest River of Syria: The P••et here puts the Ri∣ver for the Inhabitans of Syria.

Tyber; the River which runs by Rom••

Romulus; First King of Rome; Son of Mars, as the Poets feign, the first Romans were Originally Herdsmen.

But in that Town, &c. He means Athens; of which, Pallas the Goddess of Arms and Arts was Patroness.

Antiochus and Stratocles, two Famous Grecian Mimicks, or Actors in the Poet's time.

A Rigid Stoick, &c. Publius Egnatius a Stoick, falsly accus'd Ba∣reas Soranus; as Tacitus tells us.

Diphilus, and Protogenes, &c. Were Grecians living in Rome.

Or him who had, &c. Lucius Metellus the High Priest; who when the Temple of Vesta was on Fire, sav'd the Palladium.

For by the Roscian Law, &c. Roscius a Tribune, who order'd the distinction of Places in Publick Shows, betwixt the Noblemen of Rome and the Plebeians.

Where none but only dead Men, &c. The meaning is, that Men in some parts of Italy never wore a Gown (the usual Habit of the Romans) till they were bury'd in one.

Cossus is here taken for any great Man.

Where the tame Pidgeons, &c. The Romans us'd to breed their ••ame Pidgeons in their Garrets.

Codrus, a Learned Man, very poor: by his Books suppos'd to be a Poet. For, in all probability, the Heroick Verses here mention'd, which Rats and Mice devour'd, were Homer's Works.

A Pythagorean Treat: He means Herbs, Roots, Fruits, and Sallads.

Gygantick Corbulo. Corbulo was a Famous General in Nero's time, who Conquerd Armenia; and was afterwards put to Death by that Tyrant, when he was in Greece, in reward of his great Services. His Stature was not only tall, above the ordinary Size; but he was also proportionably strong.

The Ferry-Man's, &c. Charon the Ferry-Man of Hell; whose Fare was a Half-penny for every Soul.

Stern Achilles. The Friend of Achilles, was Patroclus who was slain by Hector.

Beneath the Kings, &c. Rome was Originally Rul'd by Kings; till for the Rape of Lucretia, Tarquin the proud was expell'd. After which it was Govern'd by two Consuls, Yearly chosen: but they op∣pressing the People, the Commoners Mutiny'd; and procur'd Tri∣bunes to be Created; who defended their Priviledges, and often op∣pos'd the Consu ar Authority, and the Senate.

Aquinum, was the Birth-place of Iuvenal.