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Of the Second Part of the Creat Garden, called the Upper Garden; together with the Middle Walk, and Canals, which do divide this Garden into the two Parts.
WHEN we are up the two Stone-steps now mentioned, we pass over a Canal into the Middle Cross-walk, that divides this Garden, and is remarkable for its double row of tall Oaks on both
sides of it. This Walk is eighteen yards broad from the two Stone-steps, and Rails, unto the Bridge over which we are to pass the second Canal, in order to go into the Upper Garden. The first Canal is five foot broad, the second is fourteen foot. They run from West to East, and are supplied from Cascades that are made at the West-end of the foresaid Walk, which has Iron-rails fastned in Free-stone, that is half a foot above the Brick-wall, and that hath also divers Stone-pilasters, ten Inches broad, and as high as then Iron-rails. Be∣tween those Rails there is a Gate of wrought Iron, through which we are to pass into the Gardens near the Old Hoof.
From a Marble Head, placed in this Wall over the Canals, there is on each side a double fall of Water into two Stone-Basins, that are one below the other. The uppermost Basin is about a yard in front, and the lowermost a yard and a half.
About the Bridge of the second Canal, there is a Stonework, that is extended both East and West from the Bridge about sifteen foot. At both ends of this Stone-work, which crosses the Canal, a Fountain rises in the middle of the Crofs-wall, and by the declivity of a Basin both ways forms a sheet of water both East and West, and also the same on both sides of the Bridge. Moreover, out of the Walls that are on both sides of this Canal, and also on each side of the Bridge, there are other falls of water from Stone-basins, besides some others in other parts of the Canal, made by raising the water, of stopping its passage, to a certain heighth. These Canals are all along bordered with green Turf, and have a green Slope reaching from the border down to the Water.
Advancing forwards from the second Canal about a hundred Paces, in a very broad Gravel-walk, we come to a most Remarkable Fountain, of a vast circum∣ference. The Basin of it is Octangular, and there are sixteen Paces distance between each of the eight An∣gles. In the whole it is a hundred and twenty eight Paces round. 'Tis bordered with a broad raised Stone-work, and paved with Pebbles, like many of the other Foun∣tains, in divers sorts of uniform Figures. In the mid∣dle of this Great Basin there is a Spout that throws up the water forty four, or forty five foot high perpendicu∣lar. And round about this Spout there are placed two ranks of other Spout, each of the ranks containing sixteen, which do all at a small distance encompass that High one in the middle. The inmost of these two ranks do throw up the water twelve foot high, and the out∣most rank six foot. This Noble Fountain containing no less than three and thirty Spouts, does make an agreable shower of them together, and must abun∣dantly please and divert the most curious Spectator. The water of the Spout which throws it up so many foot high, is brought from a Hill two Leagues distant from Loo, and called Asselt. But the sixteen Spouts which do immediately encompass that High Spout, are brought from another Source, called Orden, about a League off. And the rest of them are supplied from the Viver.
A little beyond this Great Fountain, in the same Walk, we descend by three wide Stone-steps to ano∣ther admirable Fountain, in the middle of which there are four naked Boys in Marble, with four Beasts be∣tween them, those Boys and Beasts representing the four parts of the World. Over the Boys Heads there are four gilded scollop Shells, and over the inmost part of
those Shells a gilded Basin inverted. Out of the mid∣dle of this Basin the water rises in form of a Peacock's Tail spread out at length, about a foot and a half above the inverted Basin. This Fountain hath its Basin bor∣dered with Free-stone, sixteen inches broad, and its Stone-work raised three or four inches. From the said Border to the bottom of the Basin, there is rough Rockwork of divers Colours. But the bottom it self is bordered with White Marble ten inches round, and the rest of the bottom is paved with dark Pebble, among which there are also intermixed Marble Stones in divers Figures.
As we do ascend from this Fountain forwards, we meet with a Fall of water from one semioval Stone Basin, ex∣tended four foot and a half in front, and placed be∣tween three Stone Steps on each side of it. At the four Corners of those Steps, Bases are raised for the placing of Flower-pots. And round this Fountain there is a Green Slope equal to the height of the Steps, by which we descend to, or ascend from the aforesaid Fountain. Farthermore, between those Steps and the Border of the Basin to this Fountain, there is a round Gravel Walk above four yards broad.
Going ten Paces forwards beyond the former Cas∣cade, we come to another, where the Water falls from Three Stone Basins, one below another; whereof the up∣permost is about three foot in front, that in the mid∣dle four foot and a half, and the lowermost five foot, besides a farther extension of these Basins on both sides, for the making of lesser Sheets of Water of eleven inches each in front, which are likewise one below another in three descents. Here is also an ascent of five stone steps on both sides of the Water, with four
Bases at the four Corners of those Steps, for the pla∣cing of Flower-pots.
So soon as we are up these Steps, we do presently turn on the right and left of the Walk into Semicircu∣lar Galleries or Porticoes, below which there are two Green Slopes, one below the other; and between those Slopes there are Flower-pots disposed the whole length of them. Each of these Galleries is forty paces long, and about six yards broad; and each of them is sup∣ported by twenty Pillars. They are covered with Lead to shelter from the Rain, and have White Ballisters four foot high upon the Leads, to which there is an ascent by Stairs behind the Galleries. On the Wall within the Galleries, there are drawn the Gods and God∣desses at length in Fresco, thirteen of them in each Gal∣lery. They are paved with White and Red Brick. At the farther end of them there is a descent of seven Steps into the Garden.
Beyond these Galleries the former Walk ••ontinues between Kitchen Gardens on our right and left, but we cannot see them by reason of a Hedge of Dutch Elm five yards high. At the farther end of this Walk Northwards, we come to another Cascade and Foun∣tain. The Cascade is from one plain, long Basin, about eight foot in front. On both sides of it we do ascend by three Stone Steps that are five yards in length, unto another Fountain, that has no Spout in it. The Basin of it is oval, and but seven foot in length. On both sides of this Fountain there are Seats, covered above, painted behind in Fresco, and paved below with white Marble. The open space about this Fountain, and be∣tween the Seats, is paved with a Black, White, and Yellowish Pebble, set in divers Figures.
And here going up two Stone-steps more, that are extended the whole breadth of the Walk, we are stopt from going farther by large Iron Balusters, and a Canal beyond them. In the Canal below, there is another Fountain in the midst of Gardans, made of Shells, Petrified Earths, or spungy Stones, from the top of which the water does fall on three rows, or Garlands of the same substances, placed one below another. Lastly, on both sides of this Fountain there are other Falls of water to be seen below.
Nor is our view here limited, though our passage be; for looking on still forwards, we carry our pro∣spect between Trees, unto a high Pyramid, erected in the Heath, about half a mile's distance from the end of the Garden.
In this Second Division of the Garden there are twelve Parterres, with Gravel-walks between them all. The six inmost Quarters adjoining, three of a side, to the middle Broad-walk, through which we passed, do consist divers Figures in green, encompassed with Beds of Flowers, in the which there are divers Juniper Trees growing up Pyramidal about green round Staves, and placed at convenient distances. The six outermost of these Quarters, next to the Garden-wall on both sides, are all plain green.
From the low Wall at the bottom of the first Terras-walk, unto the Stone Rails or Steps in the Lower Gar∣den on the South-side of the middle Cross-walk, it is about a hundred and twelve Paces. And from the Steps of the side Terras-walk on the right, unto the opposite Steps of the other Terras-walk on the left, it is two hundred and twenty Paces.
Beyond the aforesaid Cross-walk, from thence un∣to the Galleries, it is a hundred and forty Paces; and
thence to the Iron Bars at the farther end, about a hundred Paces more.