A general history of Scotland together with a particular history of the Houses of Douglas and Angus / written by Master David Hume of Godscroft.

Of Archbald the third of that Name and thirteenth Lord, the fourth Earle of Douglas, Lord of Bothwell, Galloway and Annandale, first Duke of Turrane, Lord of Longe-ville, and Marshall of France.

UNto Archbald (the Grimme) succeeded his second sonne, named also Archbald; he was married to Margaret daughter to King Ro∣bert the third, and second of the Stuarts. She lieth buried in the Church of Linclouden, with this inscription on her Tombe,

Hic jacet Margarita Scotiae regis silia, Comitissa de Douglas, vallis Anandiae, & Gallovidiae Domina. Herelies Margaret daughter to the King, Countesse of Dou∣glas, Lady of Annandale and Galloway.

He had by her two sonnes, Archbald, to whom Thomas Flemine Earle of Wigton resignes the Earledome of Wigton, and he is entitled (during * 1.1 his fathers life time) Archbald Earle of Wigton: his other sonne was James, Lord Abercorne, called grosse James. Hee had also two daugh∣ters, Margaret, married to Sir William Sinclair Earle of Orkney who was fifth in line from the Earle of Saint Clarences second sonne, that came first out of France, and was sonne to Giles (or Egidi•…•…) Douglas, daughter to the Earle of Niddisdale. Elizabeth was the other, who was married to John Stuart Earle of Buchan, second sonne to Robert the Governour, af∣terward Constable of France: her dowry or portion given with her in marriage, were the lands of Stuarton, Ormeshugh, Dunlope, Trabuyage (in Carrict) by resignation.

This Archbald is hee who was called Tine-man, for his unfortunate and hard successe he had, in that he tint (or lost almost all his men, and all the battels that hee fought. This nick-name, or cognomination in the * 1.2 old manuscript (of Sir Richard Metellan of Lithington) giveth to Archbald slain at Halidoun hill, and calleth this, Archbald one eye, for distinction, because of the losse of his eye in a battell against Percie. But that surname of Tyne man cannot bee given so conveniently to the former Archbald, who lost onely one field, and himself in it; whereas this man ever lost his men, himself escaping often: hee is distinguished also from others by the Title of Duke of Turrane: But however he be named, it is true, that no man was lesse fortunate, and it is no lesse true, that no man was more valorous, as will appeare by the History.

At his beginning to bee Earle, a little after the decease of his father in August 1409. Henry the fourth of England entered Scotland with an Ar∣my, and came to Edinburgh, where he besieged the Castle, in the which the Duke of Rothsay (Prince of Scotland) and with him the Earle of Douglas, were. The Governour of Scotland raised an Army to have gi∣ven him battell, and was come to Calder-more, but went no further, and there disbanded his Army. The English Histories say, that the Governour sent word to the King of England, that if he would stay for him but sixe dayes onely he would give him battell, and that the Herauld got a silke gowne, and a gold chain for his newes from the King; but the King ha∣ving stayed twice sixe could heare nothing of his coming. The cause of the Governours slacknesse is given out by some to have been the desire that he had that the Duke of Rothsay might perish, and be taken out of the way, that he himself might come to the Crown. Now as all do agree, that he had these ambitious thoughts, so Major sheweth that there was al∣so some other particular between them, whereof he relateth the occasion to have been this. There was one John R•…•…morgeny, who first laboured to perswade the Duke of Rothsay to cause slay the Governour, and then (when he could not prevail with him to wrong his Uncle) he dealt with the Governour to cut off the Duke his Nephew, as one that would ruine him, if ever he should come to be King. This Remorge•…•…y was seconded by Lindsay, who was upon the plot with him, and helped it forward up∣on malice against Rothsay, who had betrothed his sister, and rejected her, as he had done to the Earle of Marches eldest daughter. This seemeth not

to be unlikely, and giveth some further light to the History, as contain∣ing the cause of the Governours not releeving the Castle of Edinburgh. It is also a remarkable example of crafty Counsellours, who are to be no∣ted and avoided. And I marvell much how it hath escaped the diligence of our best Writers. I thought it not to be omitted in this place, as an in∣stance of feare concurring with ambition in the Governour: and indeed these two are commonly joyned together, and take matter each of other. Ambition bringeth feare with it, and feare spurreth forward ambition toward that it aimes at; as being not onely honourable, but necessary, and the onely meane to secure a mans selfe: especially where it lighteth upon such Counsellours, as these were, to blow the fire, whereof Prin∣ces had need to be aware, and stop the entrie to the first motions there∣of.

The blacke booke of Scone saith that Henry the fourth acknowledged himselfe to be (semi Scotus de sanguine Cumini) halfe a Scot of the bloud of the Cummins, and that he tooke the most High to witnesse, that he was not come to hurt the Countrey, but onely to have reason of some of the Nobilitie, who had written to the King of France that he was a Traitour in the superlative degree (which letters his men had intercepted) and to trie if the Authours of these letters durst fight it with him. The Manu∣script saith that he was disappointed of his purpose notwithstanding: for he thought to have taken the Castle of Edinburgh, and to have made Scotland subject to him thereafter; but it being valiantly defended by the Earle Douglas, he was constrained to rise from before it with great * 1.3 losse and discontentment, and no great credit; especially for that the win∣ter drew on apace, having sat downe before it about the end of Septem∣ber. I am not ignorant that our Writers give this Henry the commenda∣tion of great modestie in this journey, as being mindfull of the courtesie showne to his father the Duke of Lancaster in Scotland, and that they say that he used the prisoners not cruelly but courteously, and that when he passed by the Castles and Forts of the Countrey, he did onely require of the Captaines and Keepers of them, that his Ensignes might be set on the top of the wall, as a token of their submission, and that they were in his will: but seeing their owne Authors deny him this honour, and say that he burnt the Towns, Villages, and Castles, even a great part of Edin∣burgh and Leith, we have small reason to contend with them for it; and so we accept of it, and follow the Scottish Manuscript.

Upon Henries departure, because the Earle of March troubled the Countrey with frequent rather then with great incursions, the Earle Douglas (who had the government of Lowthian, and the Castle of Dum∣bar) went with an Army into Northumberland, and wasted the Coun∣trey with great havock. At his returne he gave order that the Barons and Gentlemen should choose some of their number to be Captaines, and al∣lot unto them a competent number to follow them, who might by turnes wait and be in readinesse, either to resist the enemie, or to make an in road upon him in his owne Countrey, as they should find occasion. The first turne fell to Thomas Haliburton Lord of Dirleton, who having entred England, and gotten a great bootie neere unto Bambrugh, returned home

safe. But Patrick Hepburne of Hailes (the younger) had not the like suc∣cesse: for he going upon the like adventure, had indeed taken a rich boo∣tie, but having stayed a day longer then he should (and had beene advised by his friends) in the enemies bounds, they gathered themselves together, and following him, overtooke him at West Nisbet in the Merse. There, after a sharp encounter, the Scots had gotten the better of the English, and well nigh the victorie, till George Dumbarre, the Earle of Marches el∣dest sonne, coming in with an hundred fresh horse, regained the victorie to the English, and slew the flowre of the youth of Lowthian, together with their Captaine Patrick Hepburne. The fight happened the 22. of June 1401. the place whereof is yet called, The Slaughter Hill.

This Patricke Hepburne was entirely beloved of the Earle Douglas, and as deare to him as his owne selfe: for he it was that fought so valiantly at Otterburne, and therefore he was filled with griefe and indignation for his death, being so brave a Captain, and so deare a friend to his house, and to himselfe. His honour also, and the credit of his Countrey stirred him up also to seeke a revenge of the Authors thereof. Whereupon ha∣ving obtained leave of the Governour, he gathered together about some 10000. men, amongst whom were many of the chiefe Nobility of the land, even the Governours eldest sonne Murdock (who succeeded to his father in the Government) George Earle of Angus (his owne Uncle) Tho∣mas Earle of Murray, and John Dumbarre brother to the Earle of March, one that had married the Kings sister. With this company he entered England as farre as Newcastle upon Tine, and having gotten a great boo∣tie, was retiring homeward. In his returning, neare unto Milfield, Henry Hotspurre and George Earle of March lay in his way with a farre greater * 1.4 power then he had. Wherefore the Earle Douglas tooke a ground of ad∣vantage, which was a little hill besides Homildon, a Village in Northum∣berland. Percie would have marched straight towards him to have assail∣ed him, but the Earle of March (being very skilfull in warre, and more calme and advised) stayed him, and gave him counsell first to send a flight of arrowes amongst them, and to give them a volee of their fielding pie∣ces, which was done accordingly, and did greatly annoy the Scots, and slew many of them. Douglas perceiving that he could not brooke that place with safety, thought it better to hazzard the battell in plaine field, then to stand still and see his men slaine about him by the enemies shot, while they stood safe, and came not within stroake of their swords, and long weapons. And so (though farre inferiour in number) downe the hill he goes, and gave a fierce assault upon the enemie. But the Vauntguard being brangled, and giving backe (being much troubled and sore wound∣ed by the Archers) though they were sharply rebooked by Adam Lord Gordon, and Sir John Swinton, and brought on againe, yet were they not able to sustaine and abide the shot of the enemie, but were defeated every man. The rest that were behind, being exhorted by their Captaines to revenge the death of their fellowes slaine before their eyes, did acquit themselves bravely, but being overwhelmed with the greater number, were also overthrowne at last. There were many slaine, amongst whom were the forenamed Adam Lord Gordon (who had beene at variance

with the Earle Douglas, but in this expedition hee had been reconciled to him, and Knighted by him) and Sir John Swinston, two that gained greater reputation of valour and courage that day, and fought so valo∣rously, that if the rest had followed their example, that field had not been so lost. There were also divers others of note; such as John Livinston of Calender, Alexander Ramsay of Dalhousie, with a number of common souldiers. Many were taken of quality, Murdock the Governours son, George Earle of Angus, Thomas Earle of Murray, Robert Ereskine of Al∣loway, James Douglas eldest son to the Lord Dalkeith, and his two bro∣thers, John and William; George Lesly of Rothes, Patrick Dumbar of Be•…•…ll.

In the black Booke of Scone is set downe the death of the foresaid George Earle of Angus, how hee died in England of the plague being a prisoner (with many others) and Alexander Hume of D•…•…glas also, as the same Booke doth witnesse. The Earle Douglas himselfe was taken al∣so, having lost one eye in the fight. This battell was fought on the Ho∣ly * 1.5 Rood-day in Harvest, or (as others) the 5. of May 1401. or 1402. rather as appeareth by the former History.

Whilest the Earle Douglas was prisoner in England, the Duke of Roth∣say became so riotous, and insolently unruly, that his father not being able to governe him by his owne authority, did commit him to his bro∣ther, the Governours tuition, to be corrected and ta•…•…ed by him. Hee made use of this occasion for compassing his owne ambitious ends, or to be rid of the feare hee had of him, shut him up in Falkland, and starved him to death. The blacke Booke of Scone saith, that the Earle Douglas was with the Governour, when hee brought the Duke from Saint An∣drewes to Falkland. But it should rather seem that he hath been a priso∣ner in England, when the Duke was thus used: for if hee had been at home, in all likelihood he would have reclamed the Duke (being his bro∣ther in law) and have brought him out of his wild courses; or by his credit with the Governour would have saved him, and prevented such extremity, unlesse he had proceeded so farre as to cast off the Earles sister, whereof we heare nothing. And even in that case, seeing there is alwayes some hope of reconcilement between man and wife, and therefore such fallings out are often born with, in Princes upon that hope; it is likely he would have used his care and credit to have composed things in some better sort: however, whether through his absence or negligence, or that having small hope of amendment, he would not meddle in it: the Duke persists in his lewd wayes, and growes rather worse then better. Wee reade of no help or assistance that the Douglas made unto him, as hee was bound by so neare alliance. Neither do we heare how he carried him∣self toward the Earles sister his wife; or whether shee had any children by him or not, though they had been married at that time some foure or five yeares, and hee was a man of twenty three or twenty foure years of age at the least, having been eighteen when hee was enstalled Duke in the 1396. yeare, which is a great neglect and oversight in our Writers. This is clear that neither party had any contentment, or comfortable succes from this match which they so much affected & brought to passe with so great trouble, disquiet, and mischiefe in the Kingdome: a notable lesson for

men to moderate their desires of any thing, and not to seeke it over eager∣ly (though it seem never so advantagious) in respect of the uncertainty of the sequell and event of all humane things.

But to returne to our prisoner: wee see him hurt, defeated, a captive, but neither disgraced, nor discouraged; no nor any whit lesse esteemed of by his friends, or enemies: who indeed needed not to bee over proud of this victory, which was obtained rather by the multitude of men, then meer valour, neither were they yet quit with the house of Douglas, for what they had received of them before: however these vicissitudes of fortune in the emulation of these two houses (Douglas and Percie) were matter rather of sharpning then discouraging, and dejecting their spirits, and bred not hatred, but an higher (though emulous) esteem of each to∣wards other. This overthrow and losse of the Earle Douglas did not dimi∣nish, but rather increase his praise and glory, and that even in the opinion of the Conqueror. It became also the occasion of shewing his worth in a more conspicuous and publike Theatre, and on a more eminent subject, and powerfull enemy: for not long after, the Earle of Northumberland (whether for envie of King Henries good successe, to whom he had been a great friend in the beginning; or for that Henry usurped the Kingdome contrary to his oath and promise; or for his neglecting to relieve Edmond Mortimer Earle of March, taken prisoner in his service against Owen Glen∣dour by the said Owen, or out of indignation against him for craving to have his prisoners from him, which hee had taken at West Nisbet, and * 1.6 at Homildon, of whom onely they had sent Murdock Stuart to the King; or for what ever other cause) the said Earle entered into league with Edmond, Owen, and some other Lords, against the King, with such confidence, that they made a tripartite Indenture, wherein they divided all England into three parts, to each of them a third: whereupon Percie, e∣steeming highly of the Douglas valour, having had good proofe thereof at Homildon, offered if hee would take part with him in this enterprise, and shew himself as yaliant on his side, as hee had done against him, that he should not onely be let goe without ransome, but also (if they prevail∣ed) he should have Berwick, and a part of Northumberland for his re∣ward.

Douglas, who was no wayes slack to embrace any good occasion against England, gladly accepted the condition, and getting leave to come home, returned again at the time appointed, well accompanied with many of his friends and followers. The leading of the vantguard was committed to him, which place he discharged bravely, and behaved himself so, as no man ever did more valiantly and admirably by all mens confession: for after the Scots (who were led by him) had made a fierce onset upon the Kings foreward (conducted by the Earle of Stafford) and forced them to give back, having almost broken their ranks, the King came to their aid with his fresh troupes, and renewed the fight more fiercely then before. Douglas and Percie, perceiving the King to be there in person, bent their whole forces towards him with such violence, that if George Dum∣barre, Earle of March (who had of late betaken himself to the Kings side) had not warned the K. to withdraw himself from that place, Douglas had

certainly slain him, for hee made so hard an onset on the Kings Standard, that he bore all down before him, and slew the Earle of Stafford with his owne hands, who had been made Constable of England that same day: as also three more, who were apparelled like the King: and when the K. restored the battell again, and had broken the rankes of those that stood against him, Douglas seeing him the fourth man in royall apparell, hee said aloud in great choler and indignation, where the Devil were all these Kings borne? and withall running fiercely at him, beat him from his horse, and at the same instant slew Sir Thomas Blunt, the Kings Standard∣bearer, and overthrew the Standard. But the K. was rescued, and moun∣ted * 1.7 again by those that were about him, especially by his owne sonne (afterward Henrie the fifth) and so escaped. At last the victory fell to the Kings side, who had behaved himself most valorously, and is recko∣ned to have slain with his owne hands thirty six of the enemies. So that the victory is ascribed chiefly unto him, who did both by word and ex∣ample encourage his Souldiers, that they renewed the fight, slew the Lord Percie, and with him discomfited the whole Hoast.

The Earle Douglas was taken prisoner, and brought to the King, who * 1.8 would on no wise consent to have him put to death (though divers perswaded him to it) but commended his faithfulnesse to his friend, and praised his valour, which he honoured much; in regard whereof he both caused cure his wounds, and sent him rich presents. Some write that be∣ing asked by those of the Kings side, why hee did joyne with such trai∣tours against the King, his reply was onely this; It seemeth (saith hee) that the King is yet alive, though divers Kings have been killed to day. This answer being so full of resolution, and courage, and void of all fear, did move the King to regard him so much the more. They tell also that being hurt in his privie members, when after the battell every man was reckoning his wounds, and complaining; hee said at last when hee had hard them all, They sit full still that have a riven breike. The speach conti∣nueth still in Scotland, and is past into a Proverb which is used, to de∣signe such as have some hidde and secret cause to complaine, and say but little.

Holliwshed writeth, that in respect of his Noble parentage, and valour, he was tenderly cherished by King Henry, and frankly and freely demit∣ted without ransome: and such indeed is the custome of generous minds to honour vertue even in the enemy. It is generally agreed upon by all, that he was highly honoured and esteemed, so that the King (or some of his Nobles) caused draw his picture, which is still to be seen in the pri∣vie Gallery at White Hall. But touching his delivery, some say that when he had stayed in England certain moneths, he was with difficulty set at liberty after he had payed a great summe of money. Others write, that he was detained eight or nine yeares at least, but that seems to be too much for this battell (called Shrewesbury field) was in the yeare 1403. in the fourth yeare of King Henry, on Saint Magdalins day, and Douglas was set free at the death (or not long after) of K. Robert the third of Scot∣land, * 1.9 in the yeare 1406. When the Earle hard word of his death, he made shift to agree for his ransome, and so returned with all speed into Scot∣land.

It is said, that George Earle of March did him very good Offices in England, and was a chief mean and instrument of his delivery, being re∣conciled to him during his imprisonment: wherefore the Earle Douglas at his return procured liberty for the Earle of March to come home into Scotland, and to be received a free Liege again; but upon condition that he should suffer the Castles of Lochmaban and Dumbarre to remaine with the Earle Douglas and his heires, notwithstanding of any agreement made between them to the contrary in England. And so in the yeare 1411 he was restored by the Governour, after hee had remained fifteen yeares in England, or thereby, having done great hurt to his Countrey, and much good service to the Kings of England; but for all the service hee did, hee could neither move the King to restore him, and repossesse him again in his owne, neither obtain competent means and allowance for his estate and quality. A notable example for Subjects, to learne hereby not to forsake their naturall King, and native Countrey in hope to be suppor∣ted or ayded by forrain Princes: farre lesse thus to hurt and endammage their owne Countrey, for the pleasure and advantage of strangers.

The black book of Scone ascribeth the restitution of the Earle of March to Walter Halyburton sonne in law to the Governour (Gener Gubernatoris) by marrying his daughter Isabell (a widdow, and Countesse of Rosse) for which he got from March a fourty pound land in Birgeam; and that the Earle Douglas got back Lochmaban, and the Lordship of Annandale: however it bee, a yeare or two after the Earle Douglas was returned, the Earle March was restored, whereunto Hollinshed also seemeth to agree: for in another place after the death of King Robert (which hee setteth in the yeare 1408.) forgetting what hee had said before (that the King di∣mitted Douglas frankly and freely) hee writeth thus. Archbald Earle of Douglas, as yet remaining captive in England, after hee had knowledge of King Roberts death (to wit, five yeare after this at least by his owne account) made shift to agree for his ransome, and so being set at liberty, returned with all speed now at length into Stotland. Wherein he contradicts himself, and cast∣eth downe all that liberality, and magnanimity of his King (in dismissing the Douglas freely) and with so much the more blemish, as in saying it was done, he acknowledged it should have been done, as it had indeed been most honourable and Princely, and might (perhaps) have gained the heart of that worthy Nobleman. But we find but few actions in that kind of full beneficence practised towards the Scots: and it seems that his great worth hath extorted their admiration, and some Offices of courtesie, & common humanity, such as were the preservation of his life, and curing of his wounds; but the old grudge of Nationall quarrell remaining still in vi∣gour, did choake the fruit of true Princely dealing, and kept it that it came not to that full maturitie of beneficence, which the party deserved, and was suteable fot such a King. Wherefore let him content himself with this honour, that his valour was acknowledged abundantly, and himself by the confession of King Henries owne Heraulds, accounted one of the chief Chivaliers and Champions in Albion: and let him thanke his own prowesse more then their kindnesse for this testimony. Wee will also adde a witnesse of these in our times, one of their owne Poets (Samuell

Daniell) who speaking of King Henries son, who releeved his father in the battell of Shrewesbury from the Earle Douglas, he writeth thus:

Lib. 3. Stanza 113.

Hadst thou not here lent present speedie aid To thy endangered father neerely tired, From sierce encountring Douglas overlaid, That day had there his troubled life expired. Heroicall couragious Blunt arrayed In habit like as was the King attired, And deem'd for him, excus'd the fault of his, For he had what his Lord did hardly misse.

Taking Blunt for one of those that were apparelled like the King, whereas others account him to have been the Kings Standard-bearer. But in the warres between York and Lancaster, it is more amply set downe in this sort:

Lib. 4. Stanza 49.

Yet here had he not speedy succour lent To his endangered Father, neare opprest, That day had seen the full accomplishment Of all his travels, and his finall rest: For Mars-like Douglas all his forces bent T' encounter and to graple with the best; As if disdaining any other thing To doe that day, but to subdue a King.

Stanza 50.

And there with siery courage he assailes Three all as Kings adorn'd in Royall wise, And each successive after other quails; Stil wondring whence so many Kings should rise. And doubting least his hands or eye sight fails, With these confounded on the fourth he flies, And him unhorses too, whom had he sped He then all Kings in him had vanquished.

Stanza 51.

For Henry had divided as it were The person of himself into foure parts, To be lesse knowne, and yet known every where, The more to animate his peoples hearts; Who cheared by his presence, would not spare To execute their best and worthiest parts: By which two speciall things effected are, His safetie and his Subjects better care.

And in the 54. Stanza, speaking of Hotspurre,

But he as Douglas with his fury led Rushing into the thickest woods of speares, And brooks of swords, still laying at the head.

Then a little after in the 56. upon the killing of Hotspurre

Which thus mispent, thy Army presently As if it could not stand, when thou wert down, Disperst in rout, betakes them all to slee: And Douglas faint with wounds, and overthrowne, Was taken; Who yet wanne the enemy Which tooke him, by his noble vertue showne In that dayes mighty worke, and was preserved, With all the grace and honour he deserved.

And that was all to be preserved and respected, but not easily nor soon dismissed: for (besides what hath been said of this point) there is an In∣denture yet extant, which contains the agreement betwixt King Henry, and him. That whereas the said Earle was lawfull prisoner to him, or to his sonne, John of Lancaster, he should have free libertie to returne to his own Countrey of Scotland, upon his giving of twelve Noble Hosta∣ges for his reentry into the Castle of Durham, being then in the custody of the said John of Lancaster. The Hostages were, 1. Archbald Dou∣glas, his owne eldest son and heire: 2. James his brother: 3. James son and heire to James Lord Dalkeith: 4. Sir John Mongomery, Lord of Adderson: 5. Sir John Seiton, sonne and heire to the Lord Seiton: 6. Sir William Douglas, of Drumlainrig: 7. Sir William Sinclair of Her∣miston: 8. Sir Simon Glendining sonne and heire to Sir Adam of Glen∣dining: 9. Sir John Harris, Lord of Terregles: 10. Sir Harbert Maxwell: 11. Sir William Hay: 12. Sir William Borthwick. The Condi∣tion beares that upon the Earles reentry of his person into the wards of the said John of Lancaster, the said Hostages were to bee set free to re∣pair with sate conduct into their own Countreyes, and that within fourty dayes after the Earles re-entry, or alter his death. And that the Prince Thomas, and his said brother John, and the Earle of Westmoorland should be obliged by expresse commandment from the King to secure the said Hostages, during the time of their abode, and residence in England. And if the Earle should fail of his re-entry again, that the said Hostages should be at the Kings disposing. And in case the said Earle should die, his eldest sonne and heire was to abide prisoner with the King in his sons keeping, and the rest of the Hostages were to be set free immediately. And fur∣ther it was conditioned, that the Earle should do his uttermost to keep the truce that had been reated of between the King, his Counsell, and the said Earle: and that he should cause it to be ratified and confirmed by both the Realms of Scotland and England, for sixteen yeares: and in case he could not obtain that, that then the said Earle for himself, and

his Countreyes betweene the East and West seas, inhabited by any of his men and vassals, should keepe truce with England from Pasch next, till Pasch thereafter. These conditions were drawn up by the Kings Coun∣cell in forme of an Indenture, whereof each had a counterpane, signed, sealed, and delivered reciprocally by the said parties at London the four∣teenth of March 1407.

During the time of his captivity in England, the Duke of Rothsay was famished to death by his Uncle the Governour, who being accused there∣of by the King his brother, made such a slender purgation, that the King fearing he would doe the like to his other sonne James, sent him by sea to France, where he might remain in safety while he were come to years. But being driven in by storme of weather into the coasts of England, he was detained as a prisoner by the King and State. Hereupon followed the death of the desolate father, and the continuance of the Governour in his Office. And now Douglas being come home (in the yeare 1411.) hee kept good correspondencie with the Earle of March ever after, for there had alwayes beene friendship betwixt the two Houses (of March and Douglas) untill the match with the Duke of Rothsay did separate them; and now that being away and digested, and March having furthered Dou∣glasses delivery out of captivitie, and Douglas procured, or helped to pro∣cure Marches peace and restitution, they joyned ever thereafter in all com∣mon affaires. Some write that those two did burne the towne of Rox∣brough, but it seems to bee mistaken; for that was done ere they came home, by William Douglas of Drumlanrig, and Gawin third sonne to the Earle of March. After their return, there is no mention of any exploit of warre between Scotland and England for the space of tenne yeares: whe∣ther it were that there hath been any truce, or that Henry the fourth dy∣ing, his sonne Henry the fifth was so taken up with the warre with France, that he had no leasure to looke toward Scotland; or that the Governour durst not attempt any thing against him, for feare hee should send home the rightfull heire to the Crowne of Scotland, whom he had in his pow∣er and custody, and who (he doubted not) would finde favour enough in Scotland, both for his right, and out of commiseration of his estate, and condition. So there was nothing done, except some slight and private in∣rodes, such as when the Earle Douglas burnt Penmoore a towne in Eng∣land * 1.10 at which the Earle March is also said to have been in the yeare, 1414.

In the yeare 1420. The Governour died, and his sonne Murdock was made Governour in his place, having been relieved a little before by en∣terchange of a sonne of the Earle of Northumberland. He was a man of a dull and heavy spirit, and of no authority, not so much as to governe his owne family, which made him to be little regarded: about this time the civil warre in France grew hot between, Charles the sixth King of France, Philip Duke of Burgundie and Henry the fifth of England on the one part, and the Daulphin of France on the other, for Philip of Burgun∣die had perswaded the King of France to dis-inherrit his sonne the Daulphin, and to give the Crowne with his daughter to Hen∣rie of England. So that the Daulphin, (afterwards King Charles the seaventh) was redacted to that extremity, that his enemies called him in

derision, King of Bourg, because his residence for the most part, was in Bourg in Berrie. Wherefore he being thus abandoned by his own Coun∣trey men, and destitute of all forraign help, sent (this yeare) the Earle of Vandosme Ambassadour into Scotland to crave aid according to the an∣cient League, and made great promises to all the Scots that would assist him in this quarrell. It was willingly granted by the whole State, and seaven thousand men agreed upon, as a competent number for that ser∣vice, which was soone made up of Volunteers: the youth of Scotland be∣ing now greatly multiplied by long peace with England. Their Gene∣ralls were John Earle of Buchan, and Archbald Earle of Wigton the one sonne, the other sonne in law to Archbald Earle of Douglas.

Whilest they were busied in France, the Earle Douglas was not idle at home, for the black booke of Scone beareth that hee went with an ar∣my to besiege the Castle of Roxbrough, and with the Governour Mur∣dock, against Berwick, but they returned both without effecting any thing, by reason of the treachery of some Scots; wherefore this was named the foule roade. We reade of Douglas also how hee was judge to a duell in Bothwell-haugh, between John Hardy, and Thomas Smith: this Smith * 1.11 had accused the other of treason, which Hardy denying, and the other not being able to prove it by witnesses, the combat was appointed for triall of it, in which Smith (the accuser) was slain. The same booke also saith that (in the yeare 1420. or 21.) the Earle Douglas entered England, and burnt the towne of Aewels.

But here it will not be impertinent for us to step over to France, and see what Buchan and Wigton are doing, seeing that this imployment * 1.12 gave Wigton occasion to show himself there, and did afterward also draw over his father (the Earle Douglas) thither: and the order of time doth also leade us to speake of those things in this place. We have told before how John Stuart Earle of Buchan, who was second sonne to the former Governour, and brother to Murdock present Governour of Scotland) and Archbald Douglas Earl of Wigton (whose sister Buchan had married) were chosen to conduct the forces sent into France, to aid the Daulphin against the King of England, and Duke of Burgundie. The chief Gentlemen of note and qualitie that went along with them were Robert Stuart (another sonne of the Governour) Alexander Lindsay (brother to the Earle of Crawford) and John Swinton Knights, being arrived in France, they were received of the Daulphin with great joy, and made heartily welcom; who gave them the Towne and Castle of Chastillion in Turrain for their rendezvous and place of retreat and resort, being a fertile Countrey, and abounding in all things necessary; as also for that it lay neare unto the enemy, for the Duke of Clarence (King Henries brother and Lieutenant) was about to have spoyled the Countrey of Angiers, or as (Hollinshed) had spoyled it already, and had retired into the towne of Beaufort in the Vallay, and was ready to assault a towne called Vielle Bauge (old Bauge) some two dayes before Pasche. The Scots expecting that (as the man∣ner then was) he would have abstained from all feats of armes, and have given himself to the devotion of the time: or having (as some others say) taken and given assurance for eight dayes, which is the space of time

commonly bestowed upon that solemnitie, were somewhat remisse and negligent in their discipline. The Duke of Clarence having notice here∣of by a Lombard called Andrew Fregosa (as some say) or by some Scot∣tish prisoner intercepted (as the Annals of France do beare) who disco∣vered to him the government of their army, and the carriage of their Lea∣ders and Captains, was very glad of so good occasion (as hee deemed it) to take them at unawares, and defeat them. Wherefore he rose presently from dinner, and taking with him onely the horsemen, leaving the Arch∣ers under the conduct of the bastard of Clarence, Sir Thomas Beauford, whom he had lately Knighted at Angiers, together with two Portugall Captains to assist him, he made straight toward the enemy, saying, that he and the Nobles onely, would have the honour of that day. Hee went with great confidence to have surprized the enemy, carrying a faire Co∣ronet of Gold on his head, and very magnificently apparrelled, as if hee had beene riding in triumph.

There was a Village called little Bauge, through which the Duke was to come, where a few Frenchmen of the Daulphins side lay. These being terrified with the sudden coming of the English, got up into a steeple for safety and sanctuary: there while they make a halt, and assault the steeple, the cry riseth, and the noise of their approach was carried to the rest of the Army, whe presently ran and took armes. While they were arming themselves, Buchan and Wigton sent 30. Archers to keep a certain bridge, by which it behoved the enemy to passe over a brooke which ran in the way. These went as they were command∣ed, and as they were going Hugh Kennedie came out of a Church where he lay with an hundred men, but unarmed, or halfe armed, by reason of the great haste, and joyned with them: while they defended and made good the bridge, and kept off the horsemen with shot of arrowes, the Duke with the principall of his company alighted from their horse, and made such an onset upon them, that they were forced to leave the bridge and passage open for the enemy. Being past the bridge while the Duke mounteth again on horseback, and the rest of his folks are passing after him, Buchan and Wigton came upon him with two hundred horse, and enter there into a sharp conflict on both sides, both parties being (most part) Noble men, who were desirous of glory, and had a minde to give a proof of themselves with equal courage, and hatred. The Scots were glad to have occasion to show the French what they could doe; and to con∣fute their whisperings, and surmises, wherein they reproached them, as fit onely to consume victuals: and the English were moved with great indignation, that they should bee thus perpetually troubled by the Scots not onely at home, but also abrode beyond the sea in a forraine countrey.

And none among the English fought with a greater courage and re∣solution, then the Duke himselfe: but Sir John Swinton espying him * 1.13 (being easily knowne by his Coronet shining with pretious stones, and his glistering armor) ran fiercely at him with a lance, and wounded him in the face: hee being hereby in a great fury, put forward his horse to have charged the enemy, but was encountred by the Earle of Buchan,

who ran him through with a speare, and so slew him; or (as others) fel∣led * 1.14 him downe to the ground with a steell hammer. The rest seeing him fall, some fled, and many were slain in their flight, being pursued till the night came on. This battell was fought on Pasch Eve, in the yeare 1420. * 1.15 or (as our Writers and the English) 1421, There were slain of the Eng∣lish 200. Nobles and Gentlemen: The Duke of Clarence, The Earle of Tankervill, The Lord Rosse, Sir Gilbert Wimfravill (whom they call Earle of Angus) John Lumlay, Sir Robert the Earle of Summerset, and his brother (whose sister James the first did marry afterward) Suffolk and Perch, the Lord Fitzwater, Sir John Barcklay, Sir Ralph Nevil, Sir Henry Englishes, Sir William Lanton, Sir Thomas Boroughes, were taken prisoners. There were but few slain of the Scots and French, and those meane and obscure men. This is the most common report of the Duke of Clarence his death: but the booke of Pustardan saith, that he was slain by Alexan∣der Macklellane, a Knight in the Lennox, who also having taken the Co∣ronet from off his head, sold it to John Stuart of Darnelay, for 1000. an∣gels.

This victory being obtained, most part by the vallour of the Scots, the Daulphin in recompense hereof made Buchan Constable of France, and morgaged the Dukedome of Turraine to Wigton, the revenue whereof at that time was vallued to 10000. crowns. The reversion of this Dutchy he gave afterward to the Earle Douglas his father, who was created abso∣lute Duke of Turrain, and Lord of Longu-vill, and established the same to his heires male, as shall be shewed hereafter. The French Writers say also that he made Wigton Marshall of France.

The King of England upon the death of his brother, came into France in May, or about the beginning of June; and carried along with him the heire of the Crown of Scotland: (afterwards King James the first) thereby to divert the Scots from assisting the Daulphin, or to have made the Daulphin to suspect their fidelitie; but none of those plots succeed∣ed as he would have had them: for neither would they acknowledge him for their King being in anothers power: neither did the Daulphin con∣ceive any sinister opinion or jealousie of them. Wherefore the same yeare (or the next, to wit, one thousand foure hundreth and twentie one) the Daulphin caused besiege the Towne of Cosme upon Loire. And Henry departed from Paris to have relieved it, but by the way hee was overtaken with sicknesse, and returned to Bois-devincins: yet he sent the Duke of Bedford with a puissant Army to succour it; and the Scots and French finding themselves too weake to resist, rose and retired to a strength, where the rest of the Army had assembled with resolution to abide the enemies comming. While as the English were preparing to fight, newes were brought them of their Kings death, which made them to alter their purpose of giving battell. The King died about the last of August, one thousand foure hundred and twenty one, and his corps was carried into England, the two and twentieth of October. Not long after Charles King of France died also, which was the occasion that Buchan, and Wigton, with many of the Gentlemen that accompanied them, returned into Scotland.

But it was not long ere the Daulphin had need of them, sent his Chan∣cellour Rene de chartres, and the Archbishop of Rheines into Scotland to recall his Constable, but the Earle of Wigton was so vehemently sick that he could not possibly travell. Wherefore the Earle Douglas his fa∣ther * 1.16 went in person himself, and being a Noble man greatly regarded far above any other Subject in Scotland: there went with him great store of young Gentlemen, some to doe him honour, some to bee participant of his fortunes, and most to bee trained under him in discipline of warre. So besides those that went over with Buchan and Wigton, in the yeare 1420. there went at this time with the Earle Douglas 10000. more, as saith Hollinshed. They landed at Rochell, and being to come to the Daulphin, were gladly welcomed and much made of, especially the Earle Douglas, of whom he had heard much by report, that hee was both valiant and skilfull in warre: And therefore he enstalled him in the Dutchie of Tur∣rain, which he gave to him and his heires for ever; having onely enga∣ged * 1.17 it before to his sonne (upon reversion) and moreover made him Mar∣shall of France.

This hath been (in all appearance) in the yeare 1423. at most, yet we do not finde any memorable thing done by them, or against them, untill the battell of Vernoill, (which if we reade our Histories) one would think it had been fought immediately upon their landing, thought it be cleare, that it was not till after the death of King Henry the fifth, and in the se∣cond yeare of his sonnes reigne in the yeare of God 1424. The occasion * 1.18 whereof was this: The Earle of Bedford having besieged Ivery, the Daulphin to relieve it, sendeth the Army under the Conduct of the Duke of Turrain (whom the French call Marshall Douglas) of the Con∣stable Buchans the Earle of Narbon and others. They not being able to force Bedfords camp, when they were come within two miles of him, returned towards Vernoill in Perch, which belonged to the King of England, and sent word to the Garrison there, that they had discomfited the English Army, and that Bedford with a small number had saved him∣self by flight. The Garrisons giving credit thereto did open the gates, and received them with the whole Army into the towne, where having left a part of their Army, they came and encamped in the fields neare the towne. Bedford having gotten Ivery by composition, or surrender, fol∣loweth them, and sent word to the Duke of Turrain by a Trumpet, that he would come and dine with him: The Duke bade him come, he should be very welcome, for all was ready. Neverthelesse, when the point came to consultation, his opinion was that they should not fight at that time, because hee thought it not fit to hazzard a battell, but in case of ne∣cessitie, and that they had no necessitie to fight at that time, in re∣spect that they had Vernoill in their hands, and other two good townes besides, whereby they might bee plentifully furnished with pro∣vision, which the English could not have, and thereby would bee con∣strained to retire: But the Earle of Narbon was earnest to have them fight, and said the Nobility of France should not receive such a bravade from the enemies, and if none would fight, he would do it alone; and so getting him hastily out of the Counsell, he began to put his men in order.

The Duke of Turraine tooke such indignation hereat, that hee should offer to fight without his leave, that hee determined not to have stirred at all, and it was long before hee would suffer his men to goe forth: yet at last, thinking that it would reflect upon him if he should sit still, and see them overthrown in his sight, he armed and went forth also. But then there arose some strife for the vantguard betwixt them, which made things to be so confusedly handled, that the English got the victory, slew * 1.19 the Duke, Buchan, Sir Alexander Lindsay, Robert Stuart, and Sir John Swinton, with above 2000. others of all sorts. Hollinshed in his Chroni∣cles of England saith, (but upon what warrant wee know not) that the Earle Buchan (Constable) was not slain, but lost an eye onely, and was taken prisoner: he reckoneth among the slain Sir Alexander Hume, whom our Writers doe not mention, yet it is true and knowne to them of that house: that Sir Alexander Hume of Douglas went thither in the Earle Dou∣glas company, and was slain with him: for they tell how Sir Alexander being minded to send his brother David Hume of Wedderburn, went to accompany the Earle to his Ship, and when they were parting, Douglas embracing him kindly, said to him, would I have beleeved Sir Alexander that ever you and I could have been separated from one another: To whom hee replied, surely then my Lord, I shall not part; and so taking his brother Davids apparrell and furniture, and sent David back: he went with him to take care for his house and children in his absence, or in case of his death: which he also did with such fidelity, and industry, after the death of his brother, that he greatly increased the estate, and purchased for a younger sonne of his brothers, called Thomas, the lands of Tining∣ham: and for another (named James) the lands of Spot: hee is said to have purchased Wedderburn for himself: but the truth is, he had it tenne yeares before, not by marriage, but by the gift of Archbald, Earle of Douglas, which must have beene the same Duke of Turrain, as the date of the evident doth clearly show, being of the yeare 1413. His sonne Archbald also entitling himself Earle of Wigton, and Lord of Longue∣vill, and Eskdale giveth to the same Sir Alexander Hume a bond of one thousand Nobles, dated at Bothwell the 9. of February 1424. whom it designeth Sir Alexander Hume of that Ilke, which I mention the rather to show what great freindship hath been between them.

Here again I cannot passe by the sloath. and unattentivenesse of Wri∣ters sloath, (Scottish and English) who reckon amongst the slain, here a sonne of the Earle Douglas (whom some call James) and make him his second sonne, nay, some doe even make him his eldest sonne and heire, and call him Earle of Wigton. But those are all mistakings; for the Earle of Wigton (whose name was Archbald) was lest sick at home, and pos∣sessed the Earledome after his fathers death: Neither was it yet James his second sonne, who was Lord of Abercorn, and outlived his older bro∣ther, and his children, that vvere put to death in the Castle of Edinburgh, to whom also he succeeded in the Earledom, as the same Writers them∣selves (almost all of them) confesse. Wherefore the Reader had need even to reade the best Writers vvith judgement and attention, seeing such e∣scapes are incident ever to the most accurate, and carefull Historians.

〈1 page duplicate〉〈1 page duplicate〉

〈1 page duplicate〉〈1 page duplicate〉

Touching this battell, this is the relation of it, by Duserres in his in∣ventarie whom I have chosen to follow, not because I thinke it the ful∣lest or faithfullest narration (for certainly the Frensh Writers speake slenderly enough of the actions of strangers, as may bee instanced in the battell of Baugue, and other exploits done by the Scots in France, which they passe in silence) but because his testimony cannot be rejected by the French, and may well bee admitted by the English, as being indifferent for his person, and no wayes partiall in his penne, at least in setting forth this battell: but if we shall rely upon the writings or reports of our owne Countrey men. The losse of that field was caused for the envie and trea∣chery of the Earle of Narban. We heard how Douglas, and he contested for the vantguard, each striving who should be first: Douglas being rea∣dy sooner then he, or being quicker in his march led on before him, and charged the enemy first: whereupon he abandoned them, and would not second them as he should have done. And so it came to passe that they being destitute of his help, and not being able to make head against such a multitude, were encompassed about by the English (who saw their backs left bare) and so overthrown, fighting valiantly, that they might die no∣bly. Some blame the Lombards (who were in the Army assisting the French that were for the Daulphin) but tell not, why, nor wherefore, or wherein. Others say that there were 400. of them all horsemen, who being commanded to breake the rankes of the English, either in the flank or in the reare, did what they were appointed to doe: and having broken through the English Army, vvent to their carriage to pill and spoil, vvith∣out prosecuting their charge anyfurther: and so having got their prey, departed off the field, whereupon 2000. English Archers that were set to keep the carriage, and had now no more to doe; entered into the battell, and being fresh and unwearied, made such an impression, that they did cast the ballance and gave the overthrow, whereas before they had fought for the space of three houres so doubtfully, that no eye could guesse, which way the victory would goe.

Major also telleth us that there was some dissention between the Duke of Turraine, and Buchan, for precedency, but that is not likely: for al∣though Buchan had the honour to bee Constable, and was the chiefe Commander, so long as hee had no other Colleague but Wigton (his brother in lavv) yet the Earle Douglas being an old experimented Com∣mander, and it being ever his due to leade the the vantguard at home, and being even there, for his vvell knovvne vvorth and sufficiency made Duke and Marshall upon his first arrivall. It carrieth no appearance that the other vvould strive vvith him, especially seeing hee vvas his sonne in lavv (for he had married his daughter) and also the yonger souldier. And that the English did acknovvledge the Duke for Chiftane, it is evident: for Bedford sent the Trumpet to him, and hee returned ansvver: It vvas he that resolved they should not fight, and tooke it ill at Narbons hands, that he vvould not follovv his conclusion, and obey his direction: So as I cannot be persvvaded that their could, or vvould bee any difference be∣tvveen them for that matter: And if there had beene any, they vvould have composed it, and agreed betvvixt themselves before that time, to

have resisted the common enemy. However, they both died in the field: And the Earle of Narbon wanted not his reward of his either treachery, or headinesse and folly, for hee was taken and hanged as guilty of the death of the Duke of Burgundie. A notable example of the end of such as carry themselves after such a manner.

Of those that escaped at this defeate, Charles the Daulphin (afterwards * 1.20 King Charles the seventh) erected a company to continue a guard to him∣selfe, and his successours for ever, of the Scottish Nation. For he was not contented to reward their Nobles and Leaders with honours and digni∣ties, but thought himselfe also obliged to recompence even the inferiour sort, and to respect the whole Nation, whose valour and fidelity hee had found to deserve regarding: As also he saw their service would be stead∣able to him, and therefore in wisedome did thus obliege the whole Countrey, and ingage them to assist him in his warre with England. And so they did, as now, so often hereafter both within the Isle, and in France: neither could they ever bee diverted by any losse or dammage whatsoever. They did still cleave fast unto the French, untill they were fully freed from the English: sending over army after army, and Captain after Captain, without wearying or relenting, or the least shrinking: and even after this battell wee reade of divers that spent their lives in the Frenches quarrell against the English, and that within three yeares, (not∣withstanding this great losse) who were men of quality, such as William Stuart and his brother, and two Douglasses who were predecessours of the houses of Drumlanrigge and Lochleven. There was also amongst those that escaped at this battell of Vernoill, one John Carmichell of the house of Carmichell, in Douglasdale (who was Chaplain to the Duke of Tur∣rain) a valiant and learned man, who remained in France, and was for his worth and good parts made Bishop of Orleance: hee it was that during the siege thereof, did notably assist Jane D'arc, called the maiden of Orle∣ance, The French History calleth him John de Saint Michael (for Car∣michell) evesque d' Orleance, escossois de nation. Hee is mentioned in the particular Story of that Maiden, and in the Annales, Ecclesiae Aurelianensis auctore Carolo Sanseye Aureliano. Wherefore in the principall Church in Orleance, called Saint Croix, there is Masse said for the soules of the Scots dayly that were slain there. But to return.

The Duke of Turraine being thus slain, was buried in the Church of Tours, called Saint Gratians, the 20. of August, in the yeare 1424. whose coat of armes was to bee seen long agoe upon the gates of Tours. Hee was a man no where branded for any vice, and of unquestioned valour, for so much as belonged to his own person, equall to any that were be∣fore him. Neither can I see any evident fault in his conduct and leading. It is true Major taxeth him as unskilfull and unfit for matters of warre, though hee gives him a large commendation of courage, and personall valour. But he seemeth to have grounded his censure more upon the suc∣cesse, then upon his actions, to which we will answer with the Poet, Careat successibus & quisquis ab eventu, &c. Or if that will not serve, we wil choke him with the French Proverb, Le clerc aux armes, he is not a fit judge of such things. But we have to do with a more judicious indeed, who glanceth

at no lesse for speaking of his father Archbald the Grimme, he saith that Chivalry stood in him; as though hee would have said, it fell also with him: which seemeth to prejudge this his sonne (Tine-man) if not in his valour (which no man can call in question) yet in his conduct, and lead∣ing, which is the chiefe propertie and qualitie of a Generall and Com∣mander. Of which judgement questionlesse, the ground is the same, his hard successe in his interprises. And there is no reason that hee should be thought so of for it, if there be no other cause of evill successe. But if there may bee some other reason, and if many well guided Armies, and inter∣prises have mis-carried (which none will deeme, there is no necessity nor just cause why he should be double burthened, both with ill luck, and the blame of it, unlesse it be shewed where and how he erred, which neither hee, nor any other Historian doth. Wee must therefore absolve him as free from this imputation, seeing they do not make it to appeare, that hee was guilty of any errour, or oversight either at Homildon, Shrewsberry, or Vernoill. On the contrary, his warinesse and circumspection may sufficiently appeare to the attentive and judicious Reader. Let not then his praise be lessened, or his glory eclipsed by his crosse fortune, nor him∣selfe esteemed any whit inferiour to his Predecessours. Nay, hee deser∣veth to have so much more praise, as that his worth doth shine through the thick cloud of the frownings of fortune, whereas their glory is in∣creased, and lustred with the beams of a prosperous issue in their exploits.

Archibaldus Duglassius Dux Turronensis, & Johannes Stuartus, Buchaniae comes ad Vernolium coesi.

Gallia vos titulis; vos gallica regna trophaeis Auxistis, meritis utraque regna cluunt, Tertia si invideant, quid mirum ingentia damna Queis data, Saxonidum dum cecidere duces, Desine lingua procax verbis incessere Testis: Gallus adest, servat tot monumenta ducum, Et vos aeternum memorabit Gallia cives Grata suos, titulos quae dedit, & tumulos.

Johan. Johnston

Heroes.

Archbald Douglas, Duke of Turraine, and John Stuart Earle of Buchan his son in law, Constable of France, killed at Vernoill.

France gave you Titles, you it Trophies gave; Both Kingdomes, mutuall obligation have: If the third envi'd it, their losse receiv'd Might well excuse them, being oft bereav'd

Of their most ancient Leaders: no bold tongue By base detraction can have power to wrong Your merit, and the French will witnes beare, To whom your memory shall still be deare: Their gracefull Monuments the same expresse, As do the places you did there possesse.

Archbaldus Dux Turonensis &c.

Bis victus, captusque amisso milite; caesus Denique cum sociis, Vernoliae occubui: Dura meis raro affulsit victoria signis: Nostra tamen nusquam sunt data terga fugae. Semper at ingentes haec dextra liquit acervos, Hostibus & semper maxima damna dedit. Hinc fortis, magnisque ducis veracibus urnant Me titulis; nec non hostis & ipse colit. In me virtutem videas, verumque laborem: Fortunam proprio quis regat arbitrio? Discite, ab eventu qui censes facta virosque Exemplo, non sic esse notanda, meo.

Archbald Tine man, Duke of Turraine.

Twice with my Armies rout I lost the field; Now with my friends, I am at Vernoil kill'd: My labours hardly met with victory, Yet did I never stay behinde, nor flie, But kill'd my foes on heaps: my valiant arme Did ever bring revenge, and equall harme. Hence was I honoured, as most fit to be A Leader, courted ev'n by th' enemy. In me you may the hight of worth behold; But ah, who in his power can Fortune hold? O! you, who from th' event your censures take, Disprove your selves, and me the instance make.

Notes

• * 1.1

  His children.
• * 1.2

  Or Tine man.
• * 1.3

  Edinburgh Castle def•…•…n∣ded by Dou∣glas against King Henry the fourth.
• * 1.4

  Occasion of the battell of Homildon, neere Milfield
• * 1.5

  The battell lost, and Dou∣glas taken.
• * 1.6

  Occasion of the battell of Shrewsbury.
• * 1.7

  Walter.
• * 1.8

  Douglas taken
• * 1.9

  1406. He is set free.
• * 1.10

  He burnes Penmoore.
• * 1.11

  The soule road.
• * 1.12

  His sonne Wigton and Buchan in France.
• * 1.13

  The Duke of Clarence wounded by Sir John Swinton.
• * 1.14

  Clarence slain by Bu∣chan.
• * 1.15

  Pasche Eve.
• * 1.16

  The Earle Douglas goes into France.
• * 1.17

  Made D. of Turraine
• * 1.18

  The occasion of the battell of Vernoill.
• * 1.19

  A battell at Vernoil: Douglas slain.
• * 1.20

  The Scottish guard erected in France.