The anatomy of humane bodies epitomized wherein all parts of man's body, with their actions and uses, are succinctly described, according to the newest doctrine of the most accurate and learned modern anatomists / by a Fellow of the College of Physicians, London.

CHAP. XXVIII.

Of the Muscles of the Thigh.

THE Thigh has four manner of motions: It is either bended (and that forwards, or back∣wards) or drawn inward, or outward, or moved round.* 1.1 It is bended forward by three Muscles. [ 1] The first is called psoas, or lumbaris: this lyeth in the inner part of the abdomen, upon the vertebrae of the loins, &c. It ariseth fleshy from the trans∣verse processes of the two lowermost spondyls of the thorax, and two or three uppermost of the Loins, from whence descending by the inside of os ilium, it is inserted by a round and strong Ten∣don into the lesser rotator. The second is iliacus [ 2] internus: This springeth with a slender and fleshy beginning from the inside of os ilium, and being joyned to the Psoas by its Tendon, it endeth be∣fore [ 3] between the greater and lesser rotator. The third is pectineus: this arising broad and carnous from the upper part of the os pubis, is implanted a little below the neck of the Thigh-bone, on the in∣side, and draweth the Thigh upward and in∣ward, and so helps us to lay one Thigh over the other when we sit cross-leg'd.

It is bended backward or extended by the three glutaei,* 1.2 which make up the Buttocks, and serve to [ 1] go backward withal. The first is the outermost and the greatest, called glutaeus major. It spring∣eth very carnous from the coccyx, from the spine of os sacrum, and from all the circumference of

the spine of os ilium, and is inserted by a strong Tendon four inches below the great rotator. The second is the middlemost, called glutaeus me∣dius: [ 2] This springeth from the foreside of the spine of os ilium a little lower than the former, and is inserted into the outer and upper side of the great rotator. The third is the lowermost, called glu∣taeus [ 3] minor: This springeth a little lower, from the outer or back part of os ilium, lying wholly under the second, and is implanted into the upper and inner part of the great rotator.

It is drawn to the inside by the musculus triceps:* 1.3 this is the thickest of all the Muscles of the Body, and might more justly be called quadriceps, seeing it has four beginnings; but they that imposed the name of triceps, made a particular Muscle of the fourth Head, and called it pectineus, or lividus. The first head doth proceed nervous from the up∣per part of the share-bone, and is inserted into the rough line of the thigh-bone. The second spring∣ing from the lower side of the same bone, being lesser, is inserted a little higher up into the said line. The third arising from the whole lower part of the coxendix, is inserted a little under the lesser rotator. The fourth springing from the apex or tip of the coxendix is implanted into the inner and lower tubercle of the Thigh by a round Tendon, which is joyned with the slender Tendon of the first part of this Muscle.

It is turned towards the outside by four small Muscles called quadrigemini.* 1.4 They are placed above the articulation of the thigh one by another. The first is called from its situation Iliacus externus, and from its figure pyriformis; it is longer than [ 1] the rest, and ariseth from the lower and outer

[ 2] part of the os sacrum. The second ariseth from the [ 3] knob of os ischium. The third ariseth from the same part. These three are inserted into the hol∣lowness of the great rotator. The fourth is called [ 4] quadrigeminus quadratus, more fleshy and broad than the rest: it lyeth two inches distant from the third, and ariseth from the inner part of the knob of the ischium, and is implanted into the outward part of the great rotator.

It is turned about obliquely by two Muscles called obturatores.* 1.5 The first is obturator internus, this turneth it outward. It ariseth from the inner [ 1] circumference of the hole that is between the ischium and os pubis, and is inserted into the cavity [ 2] of the great rotator. The second is obturator exter∣nus: this ariseth from the external circumference of the said hole, and turning about the neck of the thigh-bone, as about a pulley, it endeth in the cavity of the great rotator, under the fourth quadrigeminus, and turneth the Thigh inward.

Note, that though for orders sake we have de∣scrib'd the Muscles of the Thigh before those of the Leg, yet the Dissector cannot so easily nor conveniently raise and shew them, till those of the Leg are first raised and removed.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Be••ders forward.
• * 1.2

  Benders backward.
• * 1.3

  Drawers to the in∣side.
• * 1.4

  Turners to∣wards the outside.
• * 1.5

  Turners about ob∣liquely.