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WE have seen how the fault pas∣seth upon the Rulers from the Subjects, either antient or new∣ly come: the fault will like wise pass upon
the subjects from the highest Power, if the subjects consent to the crime, or do any thing by the command or perswasion of the highest power, which they cannot do without transgression; of which we shall more fitly speak below, where we shall examin the duty of subjects. More∣over, between the whole and the parts, the Community and single persons, the fault is communicated; because, as S. Augustin saith, The Community and the particulars go together, that being made of these; and the whole being nothing else but the parts, in one. Howbeit, the fault perteins to the severals that have consen∣ted, not to them that were overcome by the votes of others. For, the punishments of the whole, and of the parts, are di∣stinct. As the punishment of particular men sometime is death, so it is the death of a Commonwealth to be overthrown: which is, when the Civil body is dissol∣ved. Single persons are by way of pu∣nishment brought under slavery (as the Thebans by Alexander the Great, those excepted, who contradicted the decree of deserting his society;) So also a City un∣dergoes Civil slavery, being reduced in∣to a province. Single persons lose their goods by consiscation; so, from a City are taken away things common, as walls, shipping, ammunition and the like. But, that particular men for the offence of the Community, without their consent,
should lose the things that are proper to them, is injust, as Libanius rightly shews in his Oration concerning the sedition of Antioch. The same Authour approves the doing of Theodosius † 1.1, who had punished a common fault by the interdiction of the Theater, Baths, and title of Metropolitan.
Eadem dicit & Chrysosto∣mus de hac re, in 17. de sta∣tuis. In eos∣dem Antioche∣nos paria olim constituerat M. Antoninus Philosophus ut testis est Capitolinus: & in Byzantinos Severus, demto Thea∣tro, thermis, honore, ornamentis{que} omnibus; sed & ipsa urbs Perinthiis data; vide Herodian. 2.