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A Syllogism is a form of Argumenta∣tion, wherein certain Premisses or Propositions being set down and granted, 'tis necessary another Proposition; (i.e.) the conclusion should follow, see Breerwoods Elem. Leg. p. 25.
Of Syllogisms some be Categorical, and absolute as thus,
Omne Animal est Corpus, Omnis Homo est Animal, Ergo Omnis Homo est Corpus.
Others are Hypothetical or Conditio∣nal as thus,
Si Homo est Animal, est Corpus at Homo est Animal, Ergo Homo est Corpus.
These are more imperfect than the o∣ther, and therefore may be reduced unto them as thus,
Omne Animal est Corpus, Homo est Animal, Ergo Homo est Corpus.
In every Categorical Syllogism, there are Thee plain Categorical Propositions, the First whereof we call the Major, the Second the Minor, the Third the Con∣clusion. Breerwood ut supra.
Nov an Indicative speech is Congru∣ous, perfect, signifying truth or falshood,
without ambiguity. Breerwood Log. §. 1.
Of Propositions some be plain and Ca∣tegorical as thus, Homo est Animal.
Some Hypothetical made by way of Supposition as thus.
Si Homo sit Animal, tum est Corpus.
Which Proposition consists of two Ca∣tegorical ones, the former whereof is called the Antecedent, the other the Consequent; both which in the former instance are joyned together by the Con∣junction or Copula (tum) Breerwood §. 22.
A Categorical Positive Proposition is that which consists of a Subject, Predicat and Copula as thus, Homo est Animal, where Homo is the Subject, est the Copu∣la, Animal the Predicat, See Breerwood §. 5. Note that not every Verb may be a Copula to a Proposition, but only a Verb Substantive, as for example Plato legit librum, the Verb (legit) is not a Copula, but the Verb est understood, for thus it should be, Plato est legens librum, whence note that the Copula may be put two waies in a Proposition, either implicity as
thus, (Plato legit librum) or expressly as thus, (Plato est legens librum) See Breer∣wood §.
There be two parts of a Proposition, Noun and Verb, the Subject is a Noun, the Predicat is a Verb.
A Noun is a word signifying ad placitum without time, finite, right or of the No∣mininative case.
'Tis said to signifie ad placitum, or by Institution, because no true word signifieth naturally; it signifieth without time (i.e.) it signifies no Difference of time, past, present, or to come; wherein it is distin∣guished from a Verb, whose proper na∣ture is to denote some Difference of time; 'tis said to be finite because it signifieth some thing certainly, as the word Homo, wherein it is distinguished from infinite, or indefinite words, as (non Homo) which signifies any thing before a Man.
Lastly all Nouns in Logick, are Voces Rectae (i.e.) of the Nominative case, as Homo, Animal, whence it follows that hominis, hominem, &c. are not Nouns with the Logicians, See Breerwood ••. 3. 4.