The church-history of Britain from the birth of Jesus Christ until the year M.DC.XLVIII endeavoured by Thomas Fuller.

SECTION. IIII.

To WILLIAM HONYEWOOD Esq

Some Conceive, that to be pressed to death the punishment on Recusants to submit to legall Tryall) is the greatest torment in the World. God keepe all good men from fee∣ling, and chiefly from deserving it. I am the easier in∣duced to believe the Exquisitenesse of the Torture, being sensible in my self by your bounty, what a burden it is for One, who would be ingenuous, to be Loaded with Curtesies which He hath not the least hope to requite, or deserve.

1.IN this year began the Suit betwixt Robert Horne Bishop of Winchester,* 1.1 and Edmund Bonner late Bishop of London on this occasion. All Bishops were impowred by the statute quinto Elizabethae, to tender the Oath of Supremacy to all persons living within their Diocess. Now Bishop Bonner was within the Diocess of Winchester full ill against his will (as being a Prisoner in the Marshall-See, in Southwarke) to whom Horne offered this Oath, and he refused the taking thereof. Hereupon his refusall was returned into the Kings-Bench, and he indicted on the same. Being indicted, he appeared there, confessed the fact, but denied himself culpable, and intending to traverse the Indictment, desired that Councell might be assigned him. S^r. Robert Cateline, then Chief Justice granted his motion, and no meaner then Ploydon that eminent Lawyer Christopher Wray, afterwards Lord Chief Justice, and Lovelace, were deputed his Councell.

2. First they pleaded for their Client,* 1.2 that Bonner was indicted without the title, and addition of Bishop of London, and only stiled Doctour of Law, and one in Holy Orders. But the Judges would not allow the exception as legall to avoid the Indictment.

3. Secondly,* 1.3 they pleaded that the Certificate entred upon Record, was thus brought into the Court. Tali die & anno per A. B. Cancellarium dicti Episcopi Winton. And did not say, per mandatum Episcopi, for the want of which clause, Bonner his Councell took exceptions thereat, sed non alloca∣tur, because the Record of it by the Court is not of necessity.

4. Pass we by their third exception,* 1.4 that he was indicted upon that Certificat in the County of Middlesex by the common Jury of enquest in the Kings-Bench for that County. It being resolved by the Judges that his triall could not be by a Jury of Middlesex, but by a Jury of Surrie of the neighbour∣hood of Southwark; The main matter which was so much debated amongst all the Judges in the Lord Cateline his chamber was this.

Whether Bonner could give in evidence of that issue that he had plead∣ed of not guilty, that Horne Bishop of Winchester was not a Bishop tem∣pore oblationis Sacramenti, at the time wherein he tendred the oath unto Bonner.

And it was resolved by thema 1.5 all, that if the truth of the matter was so in∣deed, that he might give that in evidence upon that issue, and that the Jury might trie whether he was a Bishop then or no.

5. Whilest this suit as yet depended,* 1.6* 1.7* 1.8 the Queen called a Parliament, which put a period to the controversie, and cleared the legality of Horne his Episcopacy in a Satute enacting, That all persons that have been or shall be made, o••d red, or consicrate, Arch-Bishops, Bishops, Priests, Ministers of Gods Holy Word and Sacraments, or Deacons after the forme and order prescribed in the said order and form how Arch-Bishops, Bishops, Priests, Deacons, and Ministers should be consecrated, made, and ordered, be in very deed, and also by authority hereof, declared and enacted to be, and shall be, Arch-Bishops, Bishops, Priests, Ministers, and Deacons, and rightly made, consecrated, and ordered: Any Statute, law, Canon, or other thing to the contrary notwithstanding.

6. However it immediately followeth,* 1.9 Provided alwayes, and nevertheless be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that no person or persons shall at any time hereafter, be impeached or molested in body, lands, livings, or goods, by occasion or mean of any Certificate, by any Arch-Bishop, or Bishop heretofore made, or before the last day of this present Session of Parliament to be made, by vertue of any Act made in the first Session of Parliament, tou••hing, or concerning, the refusal of the oath declared and set forth by Act of Parliament, in the first yeer of the Reign of our said Soveraign Ladie Queen Elizabeth: Any thing in this Act, or any other Act or Statute her tof••re made to the contrary notwithstanding.

7. The seasonable interposing of this Statute made it a Drawn battell betwixt Horne and Bonner.* 1.10 The former part thereof here alledged cleared Horne his Episcopacy from all cavils of law, the later Proviso was purposely inserted in favour of Bonner (who here himself found that which he never shewed to others) that he (as all other Popish Bishops deprived) might be no more molested for refusing the Oath of Supremacy. The Parliament saw they had already lost their livelihood and liberties for their erroneous consciences. and had received their thirty nine stripes, more then which the State thought not fit to inflict, lest their justice should degenerate into cruelty.

8. The enacting of this Statute did not stop the railing mouths of Papists against our Bishops, but only made them alter their note, and change their tune in reviling them. Formerly they condemned them as illegall, whose calling was not sufficiently warranted by the laws of the Land, henceforward * 1.11 Sanders and others railed on them for Parliamentary Bishops, deriving all their Power and Commission from the State. But as well might the Jesuits termeb 1.12 Shemaiah, Nethaniah Prerogative Levites, because sent by Jeh••saphat to preach the word to the people of the Land. For that good King did not give, but quicken and encourage their Commission to teach, as here the Parlia∣ment did only publish, notifie, and declare the legall authority of the English Bishops, whose Call and Consecration to their place was formerly performed, derived from Apostolicall, or at leastwise Ecclesiastical institution.

9. These were the prime of the first Set of Puritans,* 1.13* 1.14* 1.15 which being very aged expired (for the most part) at or about this time, when behold another generation of Active and zealous Nonconformists succeeded them. Of these Coleman, Button, Halingham and Benson, (whose Christian names I cannot re∣cover) were the chief; inveighing against the established Church-Discipline, accounting every thing from Rome which was not from Geneva, endeavour∣ing in all things to conforme the government of the English Church, to the Presbyterian Reformation. Add these three more, though of inferiour note to the aforesaid Quaternion. William White, Thomas Rowland, Robert Hawkins, all beneficed within the Diocess of London, and take a tast of their Spirits out of the Register thereof.

10. For this very yeer these three were cited to appear before Edmuna Grindall BP.* 1.16 of London, one who did not run of himself, yea would hardly answer the spur in pressing conformity, the BP. asked them this question,

Have we not a godly Prince?a 1.17 speak, is she evill?

To which they made their severall answers in manner following,

William White.

What a question is that the fruits do shew.

Thomas Rowland.

No but the Servants of God are persecuted under her.

Robert Hawkins.

Why, this question the Prophet, answereth in the Psalms. How can they have understanding that work iniquity, spoyling my peopl••, and that extoll vanity.

Wonder not therefore if the Queen proceeded severely against some of them, commanding them to be put into Prison, though still their Party daily in∣creased.

11. Nicholas Wotton died this year Dean at the same time of Canterbury and Yorke,* 1.18 so that these two Metropolitan Churches, so often contesting about their Priviledges, were reconciled in his preferment. He was Doctour of both Laws, and some will say of both Gospels, who being Privie Councellour to King Henry the Eighth, Edward the Sixth, Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabeth, never overstrained his conscience, such his oylie compliance in all alterations. However he was a most Prudent man, and happily active in those many Em∣bassies wherein he was employed.

12. The Romanists were neither ignorant not to observe,* 1.19* 1.20* 1.21 nor idle, not to improve the advantage lately given them by the discords betwixt the Bishops and Nonconformists. And now to strengthen their Party, two most active fugitive Priests, Thomas Harding, and Nicholas Saunders return into Eng∣land, and that Episcopall power which they had lately received from the Pope, they largely exercised on the Papists.

1. Absolving all English in the Court of Conscience who returned to the bosome of their Church.

2. Dispensing with them in cases of irregularity: saving such which proceeded from wilfull murder.

3. Even from irregularity of heresie,b 1.22 on condition that the Party to be absolved refrained three years from the Ministery of the Altar.

Very earnest they were in advancing the Catholick Cause, and perverted very many to their own Erroneous opinions.

13. Mary Queen of Scots;* 1.23 ill used at home by her own Subjects made an escape into England,* 1.24 and landed at Wirkington in Cumberland, the State∣part of whose sufferings we leave to Civill Historians, confining our selves to the imprinted passages concerning Religion beginning with her letter to the Pope.

Most Holy Father.* 2.1* 2.2

AFter the kissing of your most holy feet,* 2.3 I having been advertised that my Rebels and their Fautours that retain them in their Coun∣tries,* 2.4 have wrought so effectually by their practises, that it hath been related unto the King of Spain my Lord and good Brother, that I am become variable in the Catholick Religion, although I have within some dayes past written to your Holinesse devoutly to kiss your feet, and recommending me unto you, I do now again most humbly be∣seech you to hold me for a most devout, and a most obedient Daugh∣ter of the Holy Catholick Roman Church, and not to give faith unto those reports which may easily come, or shall hereafter come to your ears, by means of the false and calumnious speeches which the said Rebels, and other of the same Sect have caused to be spread abroad, that is to say, that I have changed my Religion, thereby to deprive me of your Holinesse grace, and the favour of other Catholick Princes. The same hath touched my heart so much, that I could not fail to write again of new to your Holinesse, to complain and bemoan my self of the wrongs and of the injuries which they do unto me. I be∣seech the same most humbly to be pleased to write in my favour to the devout Christian Princes, and obedient sons of your Holinesse, exhorting them to interpose their credit and authority which they have with the Queen of England, in whose power I am, to obtain of her, that she will let me go out of her country, whither I came, secured by her promises, to demand aid of her against my Rebels, and if never∣thelesse she will retain me, by all means yet that she will permit me to exercise my Religion, which hath been forbidden to me, for which I am grieved and vexed in this Kingdom, insomuch as I will give you to understand, what subtilties my Adversaries have used to colour these calumniations against me. They so wrought that an Eng∣lish Minister was sometimes brought to the place where I am streightly kept, which was wont to say certain prayers in the vulgar tongue, and because I am not at my own liberty, nor permitted to use any other Religion, I have not refused to hear him, thinking I had committed no errour. Wherein neverthelesse most Holy Father, if I have offend∣ed or failed in that or any thing else, I ask misericordia of your Holi∣nesse, beseeching the same to pardon and to absolve me, and to be sure and certain that I have never had any other will then constantly to live the most devout and most obedient Daughter of the Holy Ca∣tholick Roman Church, in which I will live and die according to your Holinesse advises and precepts. I offer to make such amends and pen∣nance that all Catholick Princes, especially your Holinesse, as Mo∣narch of the world, shall have occasion to rest satisfied and contented with me. In the mean time I will devoutly kiss your Holinesse feet, praying God long to conserve the same for the benefit of his Holy Church. Written from Castlea 2.5 Boulton the last of November 1568.

The most devout and obedient Daughter, to your Holinesse, the Q of Scotland, Widdow of France MARIA.

I meet not with the answer which his Holinesse returned unto her, and for the present leave this Lady in safe custody, foreseeing that this her exchange of letters with Forraign Princes, and the Pope especially will finally cause her destruction.

14. Thomas Young Arch-Bishop of Yorke died at Sheffield,* 2.6* 2.7 and was buri∣ed in his own Cathedrall. He plucked down the great Hall at Yorke, built by Thomas his predecessour five hundred yeers before, so far did plum••i sacra fames, desire to gain by the leade, prevail with him. Yet one presumeth to avouch, that all that lead in effect proved but dross unto him, beinga 2.8 in fine defeated of the profit thereof.* 2.9 He was the first Protestant English Bishop that died in the dayes of Q. Elizabeth.

15. Thomas Piercy Earle of Northumberland, and Charles Nevill Earle of Westmerland brake out into open Rebellion against the Queen.* 2.10* 2.11 Lords of right noble extraction and large revenue (whose titles met with their estates in the Northern Parts) and indeed the height of their honour was more then the depths of their judge ment. These intended to restore the Romish Religion, set free the Queen of Scots, pretending much zeal for the liberty of the people, and honour of the nation, complaining of Queen Elizabeth her neglect of the ancient Nobility, and advancing mean persons to the places of highest trust and command, though indeed could she have made her Noblemen wise, (as she did her Wisemen Noble) these Earls had never undertaken this Rebellion. Numerous their Tenants in the North, and their obligations the higher for the low rent they paid, though now alass poor souls they paid a heavy sine, losing their lives in the cause of their Landlords.

16. Their first valour was to fight against the English Bible,* 2.12* 2.13 and Service-Booke in Durham, tearing them in pieces. And as yet unable to go to the cost of saying Masse, for want of Vestiments, they began with the cheapest piece of Popery. Holy Water, their Wells plentifully affording water, and Plumtree the Priest quickly conferring cons••eration. Afterwards better provided, they set up Mass in most places where they came,b 2.14 Richard Norton an ancient and aged Gentleman carrying the Cross before them, and others bearing in their Banners the five wounds of Christ, or a Chalice, according to their different devices. No great matter was atchieved by them, save the taking of Ba••••ards Castle in the Bishoprick, which indeed took it self in effect, the Defenders thereof being destitute of Victuals and Provisions.

17. But hearing how the Garrisons of Carlile and Barwick were manned against them on their backs,* 2.15 and the Earle of Sussex advancing out of the South with an Army to oppose them, their spirits quickly sunk, and being better armed then disciplined, wanting expert Commanders (how easily is a rout, routed) they fled Northwards and mouldered away without standing a battell.

18. An Italian Authour writing the life of Pope Pius Quintus giveth us this brief account of this expedition.* 2.16

They did not overrun the Kingdom as they ought to have done, and followed after Elizabeth, for which they could not have wanted followers enough; but they stood still, and not being able to maintain themselves long in the field for want of mony, they finally withdrew themselves into Scotland without any thing doing.

So easie it is for this Authors fancy (which scaleth the highest Walls without Ladders, gaineth the straightest passes without blows, crosses the deepest Rivers without Bridge, Ford, or Ferry) to overrun England, though otherwise this handfull of men (never exceeding six hundred horse, and four thousand foot) were unlikely to run through other shiers, who could not stand a blow, in their own Country.

19. Northumberland fled into Scotland,* 2.17 lurked there a time,* 2.18 was be∣trayed to Earle Murrey,* 2.19 sent back into England, and beheaded at Yorke. Westmerland made his escape into Flanders (the wisest work that ever he did) where he long lived very poore, on a small, and ill pa••ed Pension. Many were executed by S^r. George Bowes Knight Marshall, every market Town be∣ing then made a shire Town for his Assises, betwixt New-Castle, and Witherby, (a 2.20 about sixty miles in length, and forty in breadth) much terrifying those parts with his severity. Insomuch that when next year Leonard Dacres put together the ends of the quenched brands of this Rebellion, with intent to re∣kin••le them, they would not take fire, but by the vigilancy and valour of the L. Hansdon his designe was seasonably defeated.

20. John Story D. of Law,* 2.21 a cruel persecutor in the dayes of Q. Mary (being said for his share to have martyred two or three hundred) fled after∣wards over into Brabant, and because great with Duke de Alva (like cup, like 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he made him searcher at Antwerp for English goods. Where if he could detect either Bible,* 2.22 or Hereticall Books, as they termed them in any ship, it either cost their persons imprisonment, or goods confiscation. But now being trained into the ship of Mr. Parker an Englishman, the Master hoised sail (time and tide, winde and water consenting to that designe) and over was this Tyrant and Traitor brought into England: where refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy, and professing himself subject to the King of Spain, he was executed at Tyburne; Where being cut down halfe dead, after his* 2.23 privie members were cut off, he rushed on the Executioner, and gave him a blow on the eare, to the wonder (saith my Author) of all the standers by, and I (who was not there) wonder more that it was not recounted amongst the Romish miracles.

21. The old store of Papists in England began now very much to di∣minish,* 2.24 and decay; insomuch that the Romanists perceiv'd, they could not spend at this rate out of the main stock, but it would quickly make them Banke∣rupt. Prisons consumed many, Age moe of their Priests, and they had no place in England whence to recruit themselves. The largest cisterne with long drawing will grow dry, if wanting a fountain to feed the daily decay thereof. Hereupon they resolved to erect Colledges beyond the seas, for English youth to have their education therein. A project now begun, and so effectually prosecuted, that within the compasse of fifty years, nine Colledges were by them founded, and furnished with Students, and they with maintenance, as by the following Catalogue may appear, as they stood at the last yeer of King James. Since (no doubt) they have been enlarged in greatnesse, increased in number, enriched in revenues, as such who shall succeed us in continuing this Story, may report to posterity. May they at my request (if having the conveniencies of leisure, and instructions) be pleased to perfect this my Catalogue, and replenish the vacuities thereof with their more exact observations. And let no Papists laugh at our light mistakes, Protestants not pretending to such exact intelligence of their Col∣ledges, as they have of ours. Indeed they have too criticall instructions of all our English societies, by their agents living amongst us, and it is a bad signe, when suspicious persons are over-preying to know the windows, doors, all the passages and contrivances of their neighbours houses, as intending therein some designe for themselves.

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactors.	Means.
I. Doway Colledge in Flanders, founded 1569. Thence (for fear of the wars) removed to Rhems in France about 1508. where Henry the third King of France, did patro∣nize, and protect them. And some twenty years af∣ter brought back hither again.	Philip, the Se∣cond King of Spaine.	All the Recu∣sants in England.	A pension out of the King of Spains Treasury, which being sometimes but bad∣ly paid, the Scholars are fain to feed on patience. 2. A yearly collection from the Catholicks of England. 3. Sale of Masses, Rich mens mortuaries, which also are the staple main∣tenance of all other Col∣ledges.

Number.	Rectour.	Eminent Schollars.
Uncertain, but numerous. For, here they do not pick and choose, for wit, or wealth, (as in other Colledges) but they receive all that come un∣to them.	1. William Allen (af∣terwards Cardinal) a principal procurer, and advancer of this foundation. He died 1594. 2. Tho. Worthing'on (of an ancient fami∣ly in Lancashire) Re∣ctour 1609. 3. Matthew Kelison, a North-Hampton∣shire man, Rectour 1624. Note, That where∣as the government of all other English Colledges belongs to Jesuits, this only is ruled by Secular Priests.	Dr. Web, whom they brag to be the best Casuist in the world. He lived to sing his Miss of Jubile, having been a Priest full fifty years.

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactour.	Means.
2. Colledge of Rome, founded 1579.	Gregory the 13. Pope exhibited maintenance, first to six, then to fourteen, at last to three∣score Scholars therein, to the yearly value of foure thousand Crowns.	Owen Lewes Re∣ferendary Apo∣stolical, was a principal pro∣moter thereof.	The Welsh Hospi∣tal in Rome (found∣ed, and endowed many hundred yeers since, by Cadwallader, King of Wales, for Welsh pilgrims) with the rich lands thereof; conferred by Pope Gregorie the 13. on this Col∣ledge. They have at Frescata (which is the Popes Som∣mer house, lying some ten miles East of Rome) three or four farmes, where corne for the Col∣ledge and other provision groweth.

Number.	Rectour.	Eminent Scholars.
One hundred at the least. But Italian aire not well a∣greeing with Eng∣lish bodies, they bury yearly ten, or twelve of their fresh-men. Note; that where∣as Anno 1576, there were but thirty old Priests remaining in this Realm, these two Colledges alone within few years sent above three hundred Priests into Eng∣land.	1. D. Maurice. He was removed out of his place for being too favoura∣ble to his Countri∣trimen, the Welsh. 2. Ferdinando, a Neapolitan Je∣suite succeeded him. 3. Robert Persons, Rectour for twen∣ty three years, from 1587. to 1610. where he died. 4. Thomas Fitz∣herbert, one of great age, and pa∣rentage, Rectour 1623.	Francis Monfort, who Anno 1591. being to depart the Colledge for England, took his farewell of Pope Clement the eighth, with so passio∣nate a latina 2.25 Oration, that it fetch'd tears from the tender heart of his Holiness. This Monfort, some moneths af∣ter, was executed in Eng∣land.

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactours.	Means.
3. Colledge of Val∣ladolit in Old Castile founded 1589.* 2.26	Philip the second,* 2.27 King of Spain.	Dona Luysa de Ca∣ravaial, a rich wi∣dow Ladie in Spain, gave all her estate (being very great) to this Col∣ledge, and came over into England, where she died.	Lands they have not purchased much in Spain (be∣ing loth the Spani∣ard should take no∣tice of their wealth) but great sums of mony they have at use in Bra∣bant. As also with English Factours in Spain (pervert∣ed to their per∣swasion) they have a great stock in trading.

Number.	Rector.	Eminent Scholars.
They are fewer now than formerly, ever since the Spa∣nish Court was re∣moved by Philip the Third, from Valladolit, to Ma∣drid.	Father Walpoole (if not Rectour) was principall actour herein, about the year 1605. When by pretending to have gained Mr. Pickering Wotton, (son, and heir to Lord Wotton) to the Romish Church, he got abovea 2.28 five hundred pound to his Colledge.

Know that S^r. Francis Inglefield, Privie Councellour to Queen Mary, forsaking his fair Estate in Bark-shire in the first of Queen Elizabeth, fled beyond the Sea. He afterwards was a bountifull benefactor to the Colledge at Va••••••dolit; Yea he is beheld by the English Papists as a Beuefa∣ctor Generall to their Nation, for the priviledges he procured them from Pope Gregory the thirteenth, whereof hereafter. He lieth buried in this Colledge, and his Grave is shewen with great respect, to Travellers of our Country coming thither

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactours.	Means.
4. Colledge of Si∣vil, founded 1593.	Philip the se∣cond, King of Spain.	Our English Merchants, and Factours there residing, even often against their own wills, to secure them∣selves from the searchers in the Inquisition. So that it is a Ne∣mo scit, what here is gotten for a Ne noce∣ant.	They have a Box in every ship sailing to the West-Indies. Up∣on it is the picture of Snt. Thomas Becket (on the Octaves of whose day this Col∣ledge forsooth was first founded) and into it (through an hole in the lid thereof) Merchants put in their devoti∣on. The key of this (not Christmas, but all-the-year-ong) box is kept by the Rectour of the Colledge, who only knoweth to how much this mo∣ney amounteth.

Number.

Rectour.

Eminent Scholars.

* 2.29 Here expect not of me a discovery (being no Spie by my professi∣on) of the cunning contrivances, whereby these Jesuits pass, and repass the seas, without any detection, yea, suspicion of them. Sometimes under the protection of a Pass (procured from some Lords of the Privie Councell) for a young Gentleman to go over into France (with two, or three, of his Serving-men) to learn the language. Sometimes they shuffle themselves into the company of an Embassadour, or his meniall servants, and so cover their private falsehood, under his publick Faith. Many English Gentlewomen in∣tended for Nunns, are first vailed (before their going beyond seas) under pretence of travelling to the Spaw for their healths. In their return for Eng∣land, these Jesuits have found the farthest way about, for them the nearest way home. For, out of France, or Spain, first they will sail into the Low-Countries, and thence into England; and so, coming immediately out of Protestant parts, escape without any, or with easie examination. And yet these curious Engineers, who flie so high, and carry their conveyances so farr above all common discovery, have sometimes one of their wheels or strings broken, and then down they fall into Newgate, or some other prison, notwithstanding all their verbal, and real equivocations.

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactours.	Means.
5. Saint Omers in Artois founded about the year 1596.	Philip the se∣cond, who gave them a good annuity, for whose soul they say every day a Mass, and every year an Obitum.	English Catho∣licks, especially the parents, or friends of such youths, as here have their edu∣cation.	Watton-Cloister, being a most plea∣sant place, with good land, and a fair wood, some two leagues off. It anciently belong∣ed to the Bened∣ctines, of whom the Jesuits here bought it, Pope Paulus Quintus, and the King of Spain, confirm∣ing their bargain. It is said to be worth five hun∣dred pounds a year.

Number.	Rectour.	Eminent Scholars.
Welnigh an hun∣dred of Gentle∣mens sons (not as yet professed Jesu∣its, though like them in habit, but) young Scholars. Besides above twenty Jesuits (Priests, and Lay∣brethren) having an inspection over them.	Though this Col∣ledge be of English only, yet their Rectour generally is a Fleming, and that out of a dou∣ble designe, First, that he may solicite their suits in that country, the bet∣ter by the advan∣tage of his language, and acquaintance. Secondly, that they may the more co∣lourably, deny such English pas∣sengers as begg of them, pleading, that their Rectour, being a stranger, will part with no money, and they have none of their own.	Father Fleck. Floid. Wilson.

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactours.	Means.
6. Colledge of Ma∣drid in New Ca∣stile in Spain founded 1606.	Joseph Creswel, Jesuite, with money of the two Colledges of Valladolit and Sivil, bought an house here, and built a Colledge thereon.		What they gain by soliciting of suits for Merchants, and others, in the Spa∣nish Court. The rest is supplied unto this Colledg, from the Parents there∣of, I mean, the two Colledges of Valla∣dolit, and Sivil.

Number.

Rectour.

Eminent Scholars.

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactour.	Means.
7. Colledge of Lo∣vain in Brabant, founded about the year 1606.	Philip the Third, King of Spain, gave a Castle (then much de∣cayed, never much defensive for this City) with a pension to the English Jesuits, to build them a Colledge therewith.

Number.	Rectour.	Eminent Scholars.
Uncertain, as much in mo∣tion, and never all resident here together.

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactours.	Means.
8. Colledge of Liege in Lukeland founded 1616.	The Arch-Bish∣op of Collen (be∣ing at this time also Bishop of Liege) gave them a pension to live on, and leave to build a fair Col∣ledge here.	Many of the English Nobility, and Gen∣try, under pretence of passing to the Spaw for recovery of their healths, here drop much of their gold by the way. It is doubt∣full how soveraign the Spaw-water will prove to these passen∣gers, but certain that their gold is cordial to these Jesuits.

Number.	Rectour.	Eminent Scholars.
		Mr. Brown, bro∣ther to the last Vicount Moun∣tacute in Sussex, became here a Jesuite.

Colledge.	Founder.	Benefactours.	Means.
9. Colledge of Gant in Flanders founded 1624.	Philip the Fourth, who gave them a pension.

Number.

Rectour.

Eminent Scholars.

One may observe a kinde of gradation in these Colledges. S^t. Omers, gene∣rally is for boyes, to be taught in Grammar: Rome, for youths studying the arts; all the rest for men (Novices, or professed Jesuits) save that Doway is for any, of what age or parts soever. Compare these Colledges amongst themselves, Rome will appear the richest in visible; Valladolit, the cun∣ningest in concealed wealth. Doway the largest in men, and straightest in means; Liege, getting the most from passengers on land; Sivil, gaining the best by Travellers at sea; Madrid, wearing the bravest cloaths (where all

the Jesuits are constant Courtiers) and S^t. Omers eating the best meat, as neerest to England, whence many a dainty bit is daily sent unto them.

22. It is incredible what a mass of mony (much in specie,* 2.30 more in ex∣change) was yearly made over out of England, for the maintenance of these Colledges: having here their Provincials, Sub-Provincials, Assistants, Agents, Coadjutours, Familiars &c. who collected vast sums for them, especially from Catholicks possessed of considerable estates out of Abby-lands, his Holinesse dispensing with them, to hold the same with a clear conscience, if bountifull on all such occasions.

23. We will conclude all with the solemn Oath,* 2.31 which each Student (arrived at mans estate) ceremoniously sweareth, when admitted into one of these Colledges;

I. A. B.a 2.32 one bred in this English Colledge, considering how great benefits God hath bestowed upon me, but then especially, when he brought me out of mine own Country, so much infected with Herche, and made me a mem∣ber of the Catholick Church, as also desiring with a thankfull heart, to improve so great a mercy of God, have resolved to offer my self wholy up to Divine Service, as much as I may to fulfill the end for which this our Col∣ledge was founded. I promise therefore, and swear in the presence of Almighty God, that I am prepared from mine heart, with the assistance of Divine Grace, in due time to receive Holy Orders, and to return into Eng∣land, to convert the souls of my Countrimen, and kindred, when, and as often, as it shall seem good to the Superiour of this Colledge &c.

Be it remembred, that our long Vacation, is their chiefest Term••; for, in the moneths of August, or September, these Colledges receive their annual sup∣plies of green Students, and then dispatch their ripe N••viciats for England; or, if you will, then take in young spawn, and send their old frogs over hither a croaking. All that I will adde is this; If covetousness should prevail so far, as to pluck down Protestant-Colledges in England, whilest superstition preserves, and increaseth Popish Seminaries beyond the seas, sad would the sight be, to behold the truth on our side encumbred with ignorance, to encounter falsehood on theirs, advantaged with learning and languages.

24. Pope Pius the fifth had now long patiently expected the amend∣ment of Queen Elizabeth;* 2.33 and, weary with his waiting in vain, resolved at last (if not wisely, valiantly) that, seeing desperate diseases must have de∣sperate cures, he would thunder his Excommunication against Her, according to the tenour following.

A Sentence Declaratory of our Holy Lord Pope PIUS QUINTUS, against ELIZABETH Queen of England, and the Hereticks adhering unto Her.

Wherein also Her Subjects are declared absolved from the Oath of Allegiance, and every other thing due unto Her whatsoever. And those, which from hence∣forth obey Her, are innoda∣ted with the Anathema.

Pius Bishop, servant to Gods servants, for a future memorial of the matter.

HE that reigneth on high, to whom is given all power in heaven, and in earth, committed One Holy Catholick, and Apostolick Church, out of which there is no salvation, to one alone upon earth, namely to Peter the chief of the Apostles, and to Peters Successour, the Bishop of Rome to be governed in fulness of power. Him alone he made Prince over all people, and all Kingdoms, to pluck up, de∣stroy, scatter, consume, plant, and build: that he may contain the faithfull that are knit together, with the band of charity in the unity of the Spirit, and present them spotlesse, and unblameable to their Saviour. In discharge of which function, We, which are by Gods goodnesse called to the government of the aforesaid Church, do spare no pains, labouring with all earnestness, that Unity, and the Ca∣tholick Religion (which the Author thereof hath, for the triall of his childrens faith, and for our amendment, suffered with so great afflictions) might be preserved uncorrupt. But the number of the ungodly hath gotten such power, that there is now no place left in the whole world, which they have not assayed to corrupt, with their most wicked Doctrines. Amongst others, Elizabeth, the pretended Queen of England, the servant of wickedness, lending thereunto her helping hand, with whom, as in a Sanctuary, the most pernicious of all have found a refuge. This very woman, having seised on the Kingdom, and monstrously usurping the place of Supreme Head of the Church, in all England, and the chief authority, and jurisdiction thereof, hath again brought back the said Kingdom into miserable de∣struction, which was then newly reduced to the Catholick Faith, and good fruits.

For, having by strong hand inhibited the exercise of the true Re∣ligion, which Mary the lawfull Queen, of famous memory, had by

the help of this See restored,* 3.1* 3.2 after it had been formerly overthrown by Henry the eighth, a revolter therefrom: and following, and em∣bracing the errours of Hereticks, She hath removed the Royall Councell consisting of the English Nobility, and filled it with obscure men, being Hereticks, suppressed the embracers of the Catholick Faith, placed dishonest Preachers, and Ministers of impieties, abo∣lished the sacrifice of the Mass, Prayers, Fastings, Choice of meats, Unmarried life, and the Catholick Rites, and Ceremonies; com∣manded Books to be read in the whole Realm, containing manifest Heresie, and impious mysteries, and institutions by Her self enter∣tained, and observed according to the prescript of Calvin, to be likewise observed by Her Subjects: presumed to throw Bishops, Parsons of Churches, and other Catholick Priests, out of their Church∣es, and Benefices, and to bestow them, and other Church-livings upon Hereticks, and to determine of Church-causes; prohibited the Prelates, Clergy, and People, to acknowledge the Church of Rome, or obey the Precepts, and Canonicall Sanctions thereof; compelled most of them to condescend to Her wicked Laws, and to abjure the authority, and obedience of the Bishop of Rome, and to acknow∣ledge Her to be sole Ladie in temporall and spirituall matters, and this by oath; imposed penalties, and punishments upon those which o∣beyed not, and exacted them of those, which perserved in the uni∣ty of the faith, and their obedience aforesaid; cast the Catholick Prelates, and Rectors of Churches in prison, where many of them, being spent with long languishing, and sorrow, miserably ended their lives. All which things, seeing they are manifest, and notorious to all Nations, and by the gravest testimony of very many, so substan∣tially proved, that there is no place at all left for excuse, defence, or evasion. We, seeing that impieties, and wicked actions are multi∣plied one upon another; and moreover, that the persecution of the faithfull, and affliction for Religion, groweth every day heavier, and heavier, through the instigation, and means of the said Elizabeth; because We understand Her minde to be so hardened, and indurate, that She hath not only contemned the godly requests, and admoniti∣ons of Catholick Princes, concerning Her healing, and conversion; but (alas) hath not so much as permitted the Nuncioes of this See, to cross the seas into England: are constrained of necessity to betake our selves to the weapons of justice against Her, not being able to mi∣tigate our sorrow; that We are drawn to take punishment upon one, to whose Ancestors the whole state of all Christendome hath been so much bounden. Being therefore supported with His authority, whose pleasure it was to place Us (though unable for so great a burden) in this supreme throne of justice, We do, out of the fulnesse of Our Apostolick Power, declare the aforesaid Elizabeth, being an Here∣tick, and a favourer of Heresies, and Her adherents in the matters aforesaid, to have incurred sentence of Anathema•• and to be cut off from the unity of the body of Christ. And moreover, We do declare Her to be deprived of Her pretended title to the Kingdom aforesaid, and of all Dominion, Dignity, and Priviledge whatsoever; and also the Nobility, Subjects, and People of the said Kingdom, and all o∣ther which have in any sort sworn unto Her, to be for ever absolved from any such oath, and all manner of duty of Dominion, Allegi∣ance and Obedience; As We do also by authority of these presents absolve them, and do deprive the same Elizabeth of Her pretended title to the Kingdom, and all other things above-said. And We do command, and interdict all, and every the Noble-men, Subjects,

People,* 3.3* 3.4 and others aforesaid, that they presume not to obey Her, or Her monitions, mandates, and laws; and those which shall do the contrary, We do innodate with the like Sentence of Anathem: And, because it were a matter of too much difficulty, to convey these presents to all places, wheresoever it shall be needfull. Our will is, that the copies thereof, under a publick Notaries hand, and sealed with the seal of an Ecclesiastical Prelate, or of his court, shall carry together the same credit, with all people, judicially, and ex∣trajudicially, as these presents should do, if they were exhibited or shewed.

Given at Rome at S^t. Peters, in the year of the incarnation of our Lord, one thousand five hundred sixty nine, the fifth of the Ka∣lends of March, and of Our Popedom, the fifth year. Cae: Glorierius.

H. Cumyn.

25. The principall persons,* 3.5 whose importunity solicited the Pope to thunder out this excommunication, were D^r. Harding, D^r. Stapleton. D^r. Morton, and D^r. Web. And now the news thereof, flying over into England, variously affected the Catholicks, according to their several dispositions.

1. Some admired, and applauded the resolution of His holinesse, ex∣pecting, all persons should instantly start, from the infectious pre∣sence of the Queen; and that that virgin-rose, so blasted, should immediately wither.

2. Others would not believe that there was any such excommunica∣tion at all, but, that it was a mere slander, devised by the common enemy, to make all Catholicks odious.

3. Others accounted such Excommunication, though denounced, of no validity,a 3.6 because the reasons which moved the Pope thereun∣to, were falsely, and surreptitiously suggested to His Holiness.

4. Others did question the lawfulnesse of all excommunications of Prin∣ces, according to the rule of S^t. Thomas, Princeps, & multitudo non est excommunicanda, where the uncertain profit, which might follow, could not countervail the certain mischief which would ensue.

5. Others did condemne the present excommunication, pro hic, & nunc, as unexpedient, probable to incense, and exasperate the Queen to more severity, and make Her gird Her government closer to their sides, who, thought to shake it off. This was apparent by the wofull experience of the excommunication denounced against King Henry the eighth. Yea, Watson, Bishop of Lincolne (if his b 3.7 namesake may be credited) was exceedingly grieved at the Popes proceedings herein, foreseeing the inconvenience would thence arise. This same Watson was he, who, in the first of Queen Elizabeth, would in all hast, by his own bare Episcopal power, have excommunicated Her; but now, older and wiser, mollified with ten years durance, he altered his opinion.

6. Others were unsatisfied in the Authenticalness of the instrument, who never did or durst see the original, and were unresolved, whether the copies were sufficiently attested.

7. Others were perplexed in point of conscience, how far they were bound to obey herein, seeing the law of nature obligeth the wife in duty to her husband excommunicated, and the same reason is of the servant to the Master, Subject to the Prince.

8. Lastly, Others were troubled in point of policy, having their persons, and estates in the Queens power; and Bannes the School∣man pleadeth, that Subjects are not bound to desert, or resist their Prince, when such actions necessarily inferr danger of death, and loss of goods.

But, leaving them to have their scruples satisfied by their Confessours, this causelesse curse to Queen Elizabeth was turn'd into a blessing: and, as the Barbarians looked, when S^t. Paul (having the viper upona 3.8 his hand) should have swoln, and falne down dead, whil'st he shooke it off into the fire without any hurt, or harme: so Papists expected, when the Queen should have miserably expired, stung to the heart with this excommunication, when She, nothing frighted thereat, in silence slighted, and neglected it, without the least dammage to Her power, or person, and no whit the less loy'd of Her subjects, or fear'd of Her enemies. And most false it is which Sandersb 3.9 reports, that She, by the mediation of some great men, secretly laboured in vain in the Court of Rome, to procure a Revocation of the Popes sentence against Her, as what another* 3.10 relateth: how She was wont to say, that the thing it self grieved Her not so much, as because done by P. Pius, whose Election and life, she hel•• for miraculous.

26. This year two eminent Bishops,* 3.11 once of the same Cathedral, but different Religions, ended their lives. William Barlow, D^r. of Divinity, Canon of S^t. Osith, then Prior of Bisham, successively Bishop of S^t. Asaph, S^t. Davids, and Bath and Wells, in the dayes of King Edward the sixth. Af∣terwards an exile, in the reign of Queen Mary in Germany, where he lived in great want, and poverty, and by Queen Elizabeth he was made Bishop of Chichester, where he was buried. The other Gilbert Bourne Bishop of Bath and Wells, though a zealous Papist, yet of a good nature, well deserving of his Cathedral, and who found also fair usage in his restraint, living in free custody with the Dean of Exeter, and lies buried in the Parish-Church of Silverton.

27. Now was the twelfth year of the Queen fully past with her safety and Honour.* 3.12 In which the Credulous Papists trusting the predictions of South∣sayers,* 3.13* 3.14 had promised to themselves a Goldenc 3.15 day as they called it. Instead whereof they are likely to finde many Leaden years hereafter. And hence∣forward the seventeenth of November, the day of the Queens Inauguration was celebrated with far greater Solemnity then ever before. Saint Hugh being for fourty four years left out of our Calenders to make Room for Her Majesty: And John Felton, who fastned the Popes Bull to the Palace of London,* 3.16 being taken and refusing to fly, was hanged on a Gibbet before the Popes Palace.

28. Hugh Price D^r. of the Civill Law,* 3.17 procured the foundation of a Colledge in Oxford on a Ground, where White-hall had been formerly situated, which with Edifices and Gardens thereto belonging, being then in the Crown, Queen Elizabeth gave to so pious a use, and therefore is stiled the Foundress in this Mortmain. However the said Doctor inscribed these following verses over the Gate, when the Building of the Colledge was but begun.

Struxit Hugo Pricius tibi clara Palatia Jesu, Vt Doctor Legum Pectora Docta daret. Hugh Price this Palace did to Jesus Build, That a Laws Doctor Learned men might yield.

But an Oxforda 3.18 Author telleth us that a Satyrical Pen did under-write with Wit and Wagary enough these following verses.* 3.19

Nondum struxit Hugo, vix fundamenta Locavit, Det Deus ut possit dicere struxit Hugo.

Hugh hath not Built it yet, may it be said He Built it, who hath scarce the Ground-work Laid.

But no doubt the Scholars therein at their first admission, know how to justifie their reputed Founders words by the Figure of Prolepsis, and can tell you that what is well begun is half finished.

Principalls. Dr. David Lewis,* 3.20 Dr. of Laws. 1. Dr. Lloyd, Dr. of Law, and Dean of the Arches 2. Dr. Griffin Lloyd. Chanc. of Oxon 3. Dr. Fra Bevans 4. Dr. Jo. Williams, Marg. Prof. 5. Griffith Powell, Bac. of Law. 6. Francis Mansell, D. D. Fellow of All-Souls. 7. He resigned his place to Sr. Eubule Thelwel, (one of the Masters of the Chancery) con∣ceiving he might be more servicea∣ble to the Colledge. Sr. Eubule Thelwel. K. 8. Dr. Francis Mansel, rechosen. 9. Michael Roberts, D. D. 10.

Bishops. Morgan Owen, Bi∣shop of Landaffe. Thomas Howel, Bi∣shop of Bristoll, A most ex∣cellent Preacher.

Benefactors. Herbert Westfalling, BP. of Hereford. Hen. Rowland, BP. of Bangor. Griffith Lloyd, Dr. of Law. Griffith Powell. John Williams Dr. of Divinity. Sr Eubule Thelwell, K. who made a Court in a manner. four-square, build∣ed and wainscotted the Hall, perfected the Chappel with a curious and costly Roof &c. Mistres Jane Wood: widdow of Owen Wood Dean of Ar∣magh.

Learned-writers. James Howel an elegant writer.

So that in the year 1634. It had one Principall, sixteen Fellows, sixteen Scho∣lers, most of the ancient British Nation, besides officers and servants of the Foundation, and other Students. All which made up the Number of one hundred and nine.

29. Hitherto Papists generally without regret,* 3.21 repaired to the pub∣like places of Divine Service, and were present at our Prayers, Sermons, and Sacraments. What they thought in their hearts, He knew who know∣eth hearts; but in outward conformity, they kept communion with the

Church of England. In which sense one may say,* 3.22 that the whole land was of one language, and one specch. But now began the tower of Babel to be built, and Popery to encrease, which brought with it the division of tongues, and the common distinction of Papist, and Protestant, the former now separa∣ting themselves from our publick Congregations; They went out from us, be∣cause they were not of us, for, had they been of us, they would have continued with us. Indeed the Pope set his mark of favour on such reputed sheep, as absented themselves from our Churches, henceforward accounting them goats that repaired thither. And now began the word Recusant to be first born and bred in mens mouths. Which (though formerly in being to signify such as refused to obey the edicts of lawfull authority) was now confined in common discourse, to express those of the Church of Rome.

30. Indeed hitherto the English Papists slept in a whole skin,* 3.23 and so might have continued had they not wilfully torn it themselves. For, the late rebellion in the North, and the Pope thundring out his excommunication against the Queen, with many scandalous and pernicious pamphlets daily dispersed, made Her Majesty about this time, first to frown on Papists, then to chide, then to strike them with penalties; and last to draw life-blood from them, by the severity of Her laws. For, now the Parliament sate at West∣minst••r, cutting (as one may say) with a three-edg'd-sword, as making sharp edicts against Papists, non-Conformists, and covetous-Conformists of the Church of England.

31.* 3.24 Against Papists it wasa 3.25 enacted, that to write, print, preach, express, publish, or affirme, that the Queen was an Heretick, Schismatick &c. should be adjudged treason. Also that it should be so accounted, and punished, to bring, and put in execution, any Bulls, writings, instruments, or other superstitious things from the See of Rome, from the first of July fol∣lowing. A severe Act also was made against Fugitives, who, being the na∣tural borne subjects of this Realm, departed the same without license, and fled into forraign parts. Against non-Conformists it was provided, that eve∣ry Priest or Minister, should before the Nativity of Christ next following, in the presence of his Diocesan, or his deputy, declare his assent, and sub∣scribe to all the Articles of Religion, agreed on in the Convocation, One thousand six hundred sixty and two, upon pain of Deprivation on his refu∣sal thereof. Against covetous-conformists it was provided, that no spiri∣tuall person, Colledge, or Hospitall, shall let lease, other than for the terme of twenty one years, or three lives; the rent accustomed, or more, reserved payable yearly during the said terme.

32. Indeed this law came very seasonably,* 3.26 to retrench the unconscio∣nable covetousness of some Clergy men, who by long, and unreasonable leases (as the Statute tearmed them) dilapidated the lands of their Church∣es. Here it came to pass what the Spouseb 3.27 complains, that the keepers of the walls tooke her vail away from her. It being true what one said, that those who should have righted her of her wrongs, did wrong her of her rights. Many a Bishoprick so bruised it self when it fell vacant, that it lost some land before a new Bishop was setled therein; where the Elects contracted with their Pro∣moters on unworthy conditions.

33. But no armour can be made of proof against the darts of cove∣tousness,* 3.28 especially when they come from an high and heavy hand of great men in authority. This law was not so cautiously drawn up, but that some Courtiers found a way to evade it, seeing the Crown was not expressed therein, and left capable of such leases (as, God-willingc 3.29 hereafter shall be largely related) by which single shift they frustrated the effect of this law. Thus a ship may (though not as suddenly, as certainly) be sunk with one, as with a thousand leaks.

34. We return to the Queen of Scots,* 3.30* 3.31 of whom we have heard nothing this three years of Ecclesiasticall cognizance,* 3.32 nor now meet with any thing of that nature save this letter, which though somewhat long, yet because never as yet printed, and acquainting us with some passages in her restraint, is not unworthy the perusall.

Most Blessed Father,

AFter the kissing of your most holy feet,* 4.1 about the beginning of October, I received your Holiness Letter, written the thirteenth of July, by which I understood not only the Benediction which your Holiness sent me, and which was, and shall be alwayes to me most ac∣ceptable, but also the great demonstration of your good will to com∣fort me. I rested therewith singularly comforted indeed, partly be∣cause it was pleased earnestly, to recommend both me, and the af∣fairs of my estate to the most Potent Princes, and especially to the most renouned Kings of France and Spain. But withall there is yet remaining on the other part to work so with Christian Princes, that making a strict league among themselves, they should spare no vi∣gilance, nor Travels, nor expences, once to abate the most Cruell * 4.2 Tyrant who continually thinketh of no other thing, then to move warr against us all. And might it please God, that all other things might correspond with my will, besides that I were to do the same also, your Blessednesse should see it with effect, which should be, that not only I, but also my subjects, with a will conform to their body, and together with other Christians, would put our selves forward to do our utmost force. But what thing is there to be seen more wor∣thy of compassion, then to see my self fallen into so great infelicity, from that happinesse wherein I found my self lately; What thing is more lamentable then from a Free-woman as I was, to become a Servant. To these miseries is added, that my Country is at this day, * 4.3 wrapped in such and so many calamities, and beaten down with so many inroads of the English, that many and many Towns have been set on fire, and flames, many Castles and most fair Churches ruinated to the very Foundations. But that which is worse, my Inhabitants and Subjects, without scarce doing the least offence unto them, have been more cruelly slain. But What? shall I say nothing of my self? Is it not clear unto all men, how I have been continually in divers and sundry perils. I call God to witnesse, who knows with what great∣ness of miseries I have been alwayes stifled, and that which yet makes this Tempest more cruel unto me is, that those who had promised to make provisions for my good, have afterwards failed me, nor gi∣ven me the least favour in the world, nor do I hope that ever they will do it, except perhaps these made or prepared for or journey most inclined to help me, shall not be moved to under∣take such enterprises in my behalf. But to say the truth of it, al∣though there were succours gathered together, and a most assured Army of-from beyond the Seas, certainly not without great perill, could they cross the Ocean into Scotland in the winter time, which then is wont to be most turbulent and stormy. But the English on the other side, who are not separated from the Scots, with any River in∣terposed between them, are able not only in Summer, but in Winter time also to move warr against the Scots themselves, who when there doth rise up even the least occasion of discord between them, are wont suddenly to put themselves effectually into Arms. Con∣strained

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therefore by these principall respects, without I should expose the interest of my Life and Country, to the hazard of the greatest dangers, I am by no means able to help it, but that even to my greatest disadvantage I must make peace with the English, saving alwayes (as they say) my honour and conscience, because ho∣nour doth regard the civill administration, whereby to be able after∣wards to rule or govern the Commonwealth. Then the conscience, as being the forme and force divine, given to men to direct them to a good end which admitting it to be sometimes straightned and bound with calamities; Yet nevertheless may it neither for torments, nor for promises of rewards be ever expelled or deprived from the Commu∣nion, and obedience of the Catholick Church. But amongst other things, it now happeneth that I must relate to your Holiness one thing most truly bitter unto me, that is, that we are come to those tearms of desiring my only Son, the Heir of the Temporal Kingdoms, to be delivered by a certain time into the hands of the English, by way of Hostage or pledge, reserving to me nevertheless, the liberty to appoint him such Governours and Councellours afterwards, as shall best please me. There is moreover granted leave of accession unto him, not only for me, but likewise to all those that for my satisfaction shall be sent into England to visit him. Let not your Holiness for this cause have any doubt, but that he shall be not only full of good and holy conversation; but also (though he be amongst an unluckie nation) a perfect member of the Catholick and Apostolick Church, and alwayes ready and prone to help the same. But because that by this my let∣ter, I may not extend my self in greater length beyond my duty, I do conclude with this, that I have determined with my self, never∣theless to give your Holiness to understand of my estate, and of all these things which for the present do pass between them and me, and if these also which shall happen in the journey of any importance, and because it is a most difficult thing to put all my occasions in wri∣ting, I have for that cause informed the Bishop of Dublin with all mine occurrences, as him that is, and alwayes hath been, my most faithfull N••ncio, and most lovingly affected towards your Holiness, and the seat Apostolick. May it please your Holiness to give faith unto him, concerning all the things whereof he shall treat with you in my name. Mean time I pray our Lord God, that he by his most holy grace, protect the Catholick Church from all the wicked thoughts of her Adversaries, in which case all we have fixed our eyes upon your Holiness, as upon a most clear light, expecting of the same continu∣ally in name of his Divine Majesty your most Holy Benediction. And all with the same minde do desire unto your Holiness a most long life, to the glory of the most mighty God, and comfort of all the faith∣full,

From Chattisworth in England, the last of October 1570.

The most Devout Daughter of your Holiness Mary the Queen.

Who so consults our State-Historians in this very juncture of time, shall finde the Queen of Scots on tolerable tearms (daily likely to amend) with Queen Elizabeth. Yea, now she was in the Verticall of her favour, wherein hence-forward she began to decline, principally for practising with the Pope and Forraign Princes.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The suit be∣twixt Bp. Horne and Bonner.
• * 1.2

  Bonner his Councell
• * 1.3

  Their 1. Plea. 2. Exception.
• * 1.4

  Main matter debared by the Judges.
• a 1.5

  Dyer fol. 234 Mich. 6. & 7. El. z. pla••••to 15.
• * 1.6

  Divided by the Parlia∣ment.
• * 1.7

  Eliz. 8. Sept. 30.
• * 1.8

  1567.
• * 1.9

  A favourable proviso.
• * 1.10

  Their suit. superseded.
• * 1.11

  〈…〉〈…〉
• b 1.12

  〈…〉〈…〉 pag. 449. Cu••on. 17.
• * 1.13

  Anno Regin Eliza. 8.
• * 1.14

  Anno Dom. 1567.
• * 1.15

  The Ring leader, of the second set of Nonconfor∣mi••••s.
• * 1.16

  Their judge∣ments of the Queen.
• a 1.17

  The Regist∣er of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 pag. 33.
• * 1.18

  The death of Dr. Wotton.
• * 1.19

  9.
• * 1.20

  1568
• * 1.21

  Harding and Saunders Bishop it in England.
• b 1.22

  Camdens Eliz. in this year.
• * 1.23

  10. May 17.
• * 1.24

  Q of Scots comes into England.
• * 2.1

  Anno Dom. 1568.
• * 2.2

  Anno Regin Eliza. 10.
• * 2.3

  Her letter to Pope Pius Quintus. (hi her••o ne∣ver printed) the Copy whereof was as with many other rarities bestowed on me by James Arch-Bishop of Armagh.
• * 2.4

  Nove 30.
• a 2.5

  The Lord Scroop his house in Yorke shire, where Sr. Fra. Knowls was her keeper.
• * 2.6

  June 26. Anno Regin 11.
• * 2.7

  The death of T 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Arch 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of York.
• a 2.8

  S. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. Ha∣rington in his addition to Bp. Godwins catalogue.
• * 2.9

  Nove. 14. Mond
• * 2.10

  1569
• * 2.11

  The Rebelli∣on of the Earls of Nor∣thumberland and Westmer∣land.
• * 2.12

  16. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Anno Regin 12. Dece. 10.
• * 2.13

  More super∣sti••ous th••n valiant.
• b 2.14

  S••ws Cron. 663.
• * 2.15

  Routed ••y the Queen her forces.
• * 2.16

  An Italian Authour reckoning without his Hoast.
• * 2.17

  Northumber∣land with ma∣ny more of th•• Rebels executed.
• * 2.18

  Anno Dom. 1569.
• * 2.19

  Anno Regin Eliza. 12.
• a 2.20

  S••ow his Chronicle. p. 663.
• * 2.21

  The executi∣on of Dr. Story.
• * 2.22

  * Fox Acts & Mon. p. 2152.
• * 2.23

  Fox Acts & M••n. ut prius.
• * 2.24

  The original of the English Colledges be∣yond the seas.
• a 2.25

  Extant the continuation of Sanders de Schis. Angl. pag 119. Image of ••oth Churches pag. 330. Sanders de Schism. Angl. pag. 365.
• * 2.26

  Anno Regin Eliza. 8.
• * 2.27

  Anno Dom. 1566.
• a 2.28

  See this for∣gery at large in Lewes Owen his Running Register. p. 59 to whom I am much be∣holding for my instructi∣ons in this subject.
• * 2.29

  Cunning conveyances to pass over the seas.
• * 2.30

  The bounty of English Catholicks.
• * 2.31

  The oath ta∣ken by Eng∣lish Fugitives at their ad∣mission.
• a 2.32

  In the con∣tinuation of Sanders de schismate Ang∣licano p. 116.
• * 2.33

  The Pope excommuni∣cateth the Queen.
• * 3.1

  Anno Dom. 1570.
• * 3.2

  Anno Regin Eliza. 13.
• * 3.3

  Anno Regin Eliza. 12.
• * 3.4

  Anno Dom. 1569.
• * 3.5

  The different opinions of English Ca∣tholicks, con∣cerning this excommuni∣cation.
• a 3.6

  Watsons Q••••dlibets pag. 262.
• b 3.7

  Watsons Quodlibets pag. 260.
• a 3.8

  Acts 28. 6.
• b 3.9

  De Schism. Anglicano pag. 372.
• * 3.10

  An Italian in the life of Pius Quintus.
• * 3.11

  The death of Bp. Barlow, and Bourn.
• * 3.12

  Popish expe∣ctation de∣feated.
• * 3.13

  1570
• * 3.14

  July 13.
• c 3.15

  Camdens Eliz. in Anno 1570.
• * 3.16

  Aug. 8.
• * 3.17

  The founda∣tion of Jesus Col. in Oxford.
• a 3.18

  Pitz. de Ang. Ox. pag. 37.
• * 3.19

  Anno Dom. 1570
• * 3.20

  This Coll. hath had ten Principals, whereas Trin. Coll. in the same Univer∣sity, founded 14. years be∣fore, hath had but five Presi∣dents.
• * 3.21

  The first be∣ginning of Recusancie.
• * 3.22

  Anno Regin Eliza. 13.
• * 3.23

  Papists their own persecu∣tors.
• * 3.24

  A Parliament cut••••g with three edges.
• a 3.25

  See the sta∣tutes 13 Eliz.
• * 3.26

  Covetous Clergie men bridled.
• b 3.27

  Cant. 5. 7.
• * 3.28

  Covetousness creeps in at a small cranie.
• c 3.29

  Vide 1604. Secundo Reg. Jacobi.
• * 3.30

  Anno Regin Eliza. 14.
• * 3.31

  Anno Dom. 1571
• * 3.32

  The second letter of Ma••y Q of Scots to the Pope.
• * 4.1

  Octob 31.
• * 4.2

  This is meant of the Turke, and not (as some may suspect) of Q. Eliza∣beth.
• * 4.3

  This letter to the Pope was written in Latine, then translated in∣to Italian, then retran∣slated into English. Wonder not therefore if it lose some native lustre thereof.