The church-history of Britain from the birth of Jesus Christ until the year M.DC.XLVIII endeavoured by Thomas Fuller.

SECTION VI.* 1.1* 1.2

TO SAMVEL MICO OF LONDON, Alderman.

YOu have not spent, but laid out much time in ITALY, to the great improvement of your judgment and estate: How cunning Chapmen those Countrey-men are in buying and selling, is not to you unknown; but this Section presents you with an Italian Cardinal, a most crafty broker in mat∣ters of Religion, till at last he deceived himself. Peruse it I pray, and if the reading thereof can add nothing to your know∣ledge, the writing of it may serve as my acknowledgment of your favours received.

LAtely* 2.1 we made mention of the coming over of Marcus Antonius de Dominis the Archbishop of Spalato into Eng∣land,* 2.2* 2.3 and now shall prosecute that subject at large.* 2.4 For, this year began happily, because with the end of that ar∣rant Apostata in this Land, and his fair riddance out of the limits thereof. He had 14 years been Archbishop of Spalato in Dalmatia, under the State of Venice, and some five years since, to wit, 1616, came over into England. Conscience in shew, and Covetousness in deed, caused his coming hither. He pretended to have discovered innumerablea 2.5 Novelties, and pernicious Errors in the Court of Rome, injuriously engrossing the right and honour of the Universal Church. He com∣plained, many Points were obtruded on mens Consciences, as Articles of Faith, which CHRIST in the Scripture never instituted. He accounted the Romish Church, mysticalb 2.6 Babylon, and Sodome; and the Pope, Nimrod, a Tyrant, Schis∣matick, Heretick, yea, evenc 2.7 Antichrist himself. But that which sharpned his pen

against the Pope, was a particular grudge against Pope Paul, who had ordered him to pay a yearly Pension of Five hundred crownes, out of his Bishoprick, to one Andreutius, a Suffragan Bishop; which this Archbp. refused to doe, complain∣ing, it was unjust, and imposed without his knowledge and consent. The matter is brought to the Rota, or Court of Rome, where the wheel went on the wrong side for our Spalato, who, angry that he was cast in his Cause, posts out of Italy, through Germany, into the Low-Countreys. Here he stayed a while, and tampered for pre∣ferment, till finding the roof of their Church too low for his lofty thoughts, and their Presbyterian Government uncomplying with his Archiepiscopal spirit, he left the Netherlands, and came over into England.

2. It is almost incredible,* 2.8 what flocking of people there was to behold this old Archbishop, now a new Convert; Prelates and Peers presented him with Gifts of high valuation. Indeed, it is an humour of our English, strangely to admire strangers, believing invisible Perfections in them, above those of our Land. A quality commendable in our Countrey-men, whilest inclining them to Hospita∣lity, but sometimes betraying their Credulity, to be thereby dangerously delu∣ded. He was feasted wheresoever he came, and the Universities (when he visited them) addressed themselves to him in their solemn reception, as if he himself alone had been an University.

3. But above all,* 2.9 King JAMES (whose hands were seldome shut to any, and alwaies open to men of merit) was most munificent unto him, highly re∣joicing, that Rome had lost, and England got such a Jewell. How many of English Youth were tolled out of our Universities into Italy, and there taught trea∣son and heresie together? This aged Prelate, of eminent parts, coming thence of his own accord, would make us plentiful reparation for the departure of many Novices. The KING consigned him to the Archbishop of Canterbury, for his present entertainment, till he might be accommodated to subsist of himself: and, as an earnest of His bounty, sent him to Lambeth, a fair bason, and bolle of silver. Which Spalato received with this complement, Misit mihi REX Magnae Bri∣tanniae polubrum argenteum ad abstergendas sordes Romanae Ecclesiae, & poculum argenteum ad imbibendam Evangelii puritatem, The KING of Great Britain hath sent me a silver bason, to wash from me the filth of the Roman Church; and a silver cup to minde me to drink the purity of the Gospel. Preferment is quickly found out, and conferred upon him: as, the Deanrie of Windsor (though foun∣ded, not in a Cathedral, but Collegiate Church) one of the gentilest and en∣tirest Dignities of the Land; the Mastership of the Hospital of the Savoy, with a good Parsonage at West-Islesly in Berk-shire, being a Peculiar belonging to the Episcopal Jurisdiction of the Deane of Windsor. And, finding one precedent in his Predecessour, he collated this Parsonage on himself, and there made shift for so much English as sufficed him to read the Nine and thirty Articles (as an* 2.10 Au∣ditour there present hath informed me) which formerly he had subscribed. Thus had he two Houses furnished above plenty, even unto magnificence, and might alternately exchange society, for privacy, at pleasure.

4. He improved the profit of his Places to the utmost,* 2.11 and had a designe to question all his Predecessours Leases at the Savoy; and began to be very vexa∣tious to his Tenants. Some of them repaired to Doctor King, Bishop of Lon∣don; who, at their request, took Spalato to task, and, as gravely, as sharply reproved him: that, being a Forreigner, he would fall out with Natives, ende∣vouring to put others here out of their peaceable Possessions, who himself had sled hither for his own refuge. Especially, having professed in print, That he had deposed alld 2.12 affection to, and gust of earthly things; and, that he himself, being almost naked, did follow ae 2.13 naked Christ. Hereupon, at the reverend Bishop's ad∣monition, he let fall his former design. But, it was not the counsel of this King, but of a greater KING, which deterr'd him from his project, viz: K. JAMES him∣self, to whom Spalato complain'd, That the Lands of the Savoy were let out for little Rents to the great loss of his place, and poor therein (not that he cared for the poor, but

bare the bag,* 2.14 and what was put into it) acquainting His MAJESTY with his intent,* 2.15 to rectifie those abuses, and call those Leases into question. To whom the KING in some choler, Extraneus, extraneus es, re••inque res sicut eas inve∣nisti, You are a stranger, you are a stranger, leave things as you found them. And yet the same man would very passionately perswade others to bounty to the Poor, though he would give nothing himself, witnesse his earnest moving the Chapter of Windsor in this kind, to whom one of the Prebendaries answered, QUI SUA∣DET, SUA DET, Let him that perswades others, give something of his own.

5. I am also credibly informed from an excellent hand,* 2.16 of the truth of this story. Spalato had found a small slaw in a Lease of value, which a Gentlewoman of quality held of the Dean and Chapter of Windsor. To her house he comes with all his men, where she magnificently entertains him, as overjoyed, that her chief Land-Lord came so courteously to visit her. Spalato next morning, after his plentiful Supper, having setled himself in the Parlour, suddenly cries out, Abscedite omnes, abscedite; Be ye all gone, be ye gone: intending to take posses∣sion for himself. The Gentlewoman perceiving him at this posture, with her self and servants well favouredly thrust him out of her house, coming off with sufficient disgrace. Afterwards consulting the Learned in our Lawes about the Lease, they told him, That though possibly he might get the better of her in the Common-Law, yet the Chancery would relieve her, who so dearly had bought, so truly had paid for, and so peaceably had possessed her estate therein. Fie for shame! (saith Spalato) are your English Lawes so contrived, that, what is done by one Court, may be undone by another? This may suffice to evidence his avarice. Nor must it be forgotten, though he pretended at his coming over, that for conscience he freely left his Archbishoprick of Spalato, that in very deed he resigned the same to his Nephew, conditionally to pay him an annual Pension out of it; Sed ma∣gnus nebulo nil solvit, But the great knave payes me nothing, as he himself com∣plained to my reverend friend the Archbishop of Armagh.

6. He falls now to perfect his Books.* 2.17 For, his Works were not now compo∣sed, but corrected; not compiled, but completed; as being, though of English birth, of Italian conception. For, formerly the Collections were made by him at Spalato, but he durst not make them publick for fear of the Inquisition. His Works (being three fair Folio's, De Republicâ Ecclesiasticâ) give ample testi∣mony of his sufficiency. Indeed, he had a controversial head, with a strong and clear stile, nor doth an hair hang at the neb of his pen to blurre his writings with obscurity: but, first understanding himself, he could make others under∣stand him. His writings are of great use for the Protestant cause. Many (saith thef 2.18 Prophet) shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be encreased. And surely the transcursion of Italians hither, added much to the discovery of the Papal abominations. Yet, allowing Spalato diligent in writing, his expression was a notorious hyperbole, when saying, Ing 2.19 reading, meditation, and writing I am al∣most pined away; otherwise, his fat cheeks did confute his false tongue in that ex∣pression.

7. Amongst other of his ill qualities,* 2.20 he delighted in jeering, and would spare none who came in his way. One of his sarcasmes he unhappily bestowed on Count Gondomar, the Spanish Ambassador, telling him, That three turns at Ti∣burne was the onely way to cure his Fistula. The Don, highly offended hereat (pained for the present more with this flout, than his fistula) meditates revenge, and repairs to King JAMES. He told His MAJESTY, that His charity (an errour common in good Princes) abused His judgment, in conceiving Spalato a true convert, who still in heart remained a Roman Catholick. Indeed, His Majesty had a rare felicity in discovering the falsity of Witches, and forgery of such who pretended themselves possessed: but, under favour, was deluded with this mans false spirit, and, by His Majesties leave, he would detect unto Him this his hypo∣crisie. The KING cheerfully embraced his motion, and left him to the liberty of his own undertakings.

8. The Ambassadour writeth to His Catholick Majesty;* 2.21 He to his Holinesse,* 2.22* 2.23 Gregory the fifteenth, that Spalato might be pardoned, and preferred in the Church of Rome, which was easily obtained. Letters are sent from Rome to Count Gon∣damar, written by the Cardinal Millin, to impart them to Spalato, informing him, that the POPE had forgiven, and forgotten all which he had done or written against the Catholick Religion; and, upon his return, would preferre him to the Bishoprick of Salerno in Naples, worth twelve thousand crowns by the year. A Cardinals Hat also should be bestowed upon him. And, if Spalato, with his hand subscribed to this Letter, would renounce and disclaim what for∣merly he had printed, an Apostolical Breve, with pardon, should solemnly be sent him to Bruxels. Spalato embraceth the motion, likes the pardon well, the preferment better, accepts both, recants his opinions largely, subscribes solemnly, and thanks his Holinesse affectionately for his favour. Gondamar carries his sub∣scription to King JAMES, who is glad to behold the Hypocrite unmasked, appearing in his own colours; yet the discovery was concealed, and lay dor∣mant some daies in the deck, which was in due time to be awakened.

9. Now it happened a false rumour was spread,* 2.24 that Tob••e Matthew, Arch∣bishop of Yorke, (who died yearly in report) was certainly deceased. Presently posts Spalato to Theobalds; becomes an importunate Petitioner to the KING for the vacant Archbishoprick, and is as flatly denied; the KING conceiving, He had given enough already to him, if gratefull; too much, if ungratefull. Be∣sides, the KING would never bestow an Episcopal charge in England, on a forraigner, no not on His own Countrey-men; some Scotish-men being prefer∣red to Deanries, none to Bishopricks. Spalato, offended at this repulse (for he had rather had Yorke, than Salerno, as equal in wealth, higher in dignity, neerer in place) requests His MAJESTY by his Letter, to grant His good leave to depart the Kingdome, and to return into Italy; Pope Paul, his fierce foe, being now dead, and Gregory the fifteenth, his fast friend now seated in the Chair. The Copie of whose Letter we have here inserted:

To the high and mighty Prince, JAMES by the Grace of God King of Great Britaine, &c. Defender of the Faith, &c. M. Anthonie de Dominis, Archbishop of Spalato, wisheth all happinesse.

THose two Popes which were most displeased at my leaving of Italy, and coming into England, Paulus Quintus, and he which now liveth Gregory the Fif∣teenth, have both laboured to call me back from hence, and used divers Messages for that purpose; to which notwithstanding I gave no heed. But now of late, when this same Pope (being certified of my Zeal in advancing, and furthering the union of all Christian Churches) did hereupon take new care, and endevour to invite me again unto him, and signified withall, that he did seek nothing therein but Gods glory, and to use my poor help also to work the inward peace and tranquillity of this Your Maje∣sties Kingdome. Mine own conscience told me, that it behoved me to give ready eare unto his Holiness. Besides all this, the diseases and inconveniences of old age growing upon me, and the sharpness of the cold aire of this Countrey, and the great want (I feel here amongst strangers) of some friends and kinsfolks, which might take more d••ligent and exact care of me, make my longer stay in this Climate very offensive to my body. Having therefore made an end of my Works, and enjoyed Your Majesties goodness, in bestowing on me all things needfull and fit for me; and in heaping so many, and so Royal benefits upon me; I can doe no lesse than promise perpetual me∣mory and thankfulness, and tender to You my continuance in Your Majesties service wheresoever I goe, and will become in all places a reporter and extoller of Your Ma∣jesties

praises.* 3.1 Now if my business proceed,* 3.2 and be brought to a good end, I well hope that I shall obtain Your Majesties good leave to depart, without the least diminution of Your Majesties wonted favour towards me. I hear of Your Majesties late great danger, and congratulate with Your Majesty for Your singular deliverance from it by Gods great goodness, who hath preserved You safe from it, as one most dear unto him, for the great good of his Church, I hope.

* 3.3

From the Savoy, Jan. the 16. 1621.

Farewell, the glory and ornament of Princes.

Your Majesties ever most devoted Servant, Ant. de Dominis, Archbishop of Spalato.

To this Letter no present Answer was returned;* 3.4 but five daies after, the Bishops of London, and Duresme, with the Dean of Westminster, by His MAJESTIES direction, repaired to this Archbishop, propounding unto him Sixteen Quaeres, all arising out of his former Letter,* 3.5 and requiring him to give the explanation of five most material under his hand, for His MAJESTIES greater satisfacti∣on, which he did accordingly; yet not so clearly, but that it occasioned a second meeting, wherein more interrogatories were by command propounded unto him; which, with his Answers thereunto, because publickly printed, are pur∣posely omitted: and, notwithstanding all obstructions, Spalato still continued his importunity to depart.

10. He pretended many Reasons for his return:* 3.6 First, Longing after his own Countrey. Who so iron-hearted as not to be drawn home, with the load-stone of his native Land? Secondly, To see his Friends, Kinred, Nephews, but especially his beloved Neice; a story hangs thereon, and it is strange, what was but whis∣pered in Italy, was heard over so plain into England. In the Hebrew Tongue Nephews, and Nieces, are called Sons, and Daughters; but the Italian Clergie, on the contrary often term their Sons, and Daughters, Nephews, and Nieces. Thirdly, The late-pretended-discovery of many errors in our English Church (how quick-sighted did the promised Bishoprick make him?) whereof formerly he took no notice, and all which are learnedly answered in the posthume book of Doctor Crakenthorpe, carefully set forth by Dr. Barkham, after the Authors death, and may all orphan-works have the happinesse of so faithfull a Guardian. Lastly, and chiefly (as he confesseth himself) allectus pretio octuplicis stipendii, allured with the reward of a salarie eight times as great, as his revenues in England. In which computation, as he ungratefully depresseth the value of what he had in hand: so he undiscreetly advanced the worth of what in hope he promised him∣self: not to speak of the difference of Italian Ducates, when told out, and when told off at so great a distance.

11. In pursuance of which his desire,* 3.7 he wrote a second Letter to K. JAMES: the tenour whereof we thought fit here to insert for the better clearing of the matter:

Most excellent Prince, and most gracious Lord,

AS I signified lately unto Your Majesty in my former Letter, I neither ought, nor could neglect the Popes fair and gracious invitation of me; especially, when I saw that he dealt with me concerning the service of Christ, and his Church. And, being now at length better certified, that all things are in a readiness for me, I am tied to my former promises. Yet I make it my humble request, that I may take my journey with Your Majesties good will. And for that purpose, I doe now most humbly, and earnestly crave your leave by these Letters, which I would much more willingly have begg'd by word of mouth in Your presence (that I might have parted with

Your Majesty with all due thanks and submission) but that my accesse to Your Majesty might have confirmed the vain, and foolish* 4.1 rumours of the people. I beseech Your Majesty therefore to vouchsafe to give me some Letters, whereby my departure may be made both safe, and creditable. As for the Ecclesiastical Titles and Revenues, which I hold by Your Majesties gift, I shall resigne them by publick Indentures. So from the bottom of my heart, I doe commit my self to Your Royall favour, and vow my self your servant for ever,

London: From the Savoy, Feb. 3.

Your MAJESTIES, &c. M. Ant. de Dom.

Archbishop of Spalato.

This Letter produced new Interrogatories,* 4.2* 4.3 and severall fruitfull Controversies (one alwaies begetting another) but the last was a sharp one at Lambeth, March the 30, which cut off all future discourse. For, a Commission was issued out to the Archbishop of Canterbury,* 4.4 the Bishops of Lincolne (Lord Keeper of the Great Scale of England) London, Duresme, Winchester, and severall other Privie Councellors, before whom Spalato personally appeared. When the Archbishop of Canterbury in the name of the rest, by His MAJESTIES speciall com∣mand, in a long Latine Speech, recapitulated the many misdemeanors of Spalato, principally insisting on his changing of Religion, as appeared by his purpose of returning to Rome: and that, contrary to the Laws of the Realm, he had held correspondency by Letters with the Pope, without the privity of the King's Maje∣sty. To which Charge when Spalato had made, rather a shuffling Excuse, than a just Defence, the Archbishop in His Majestie's name commanded him to depart the Kingdome, at his own peril, within twenty daies, and never to return again. To this he promised obedience, protesting he would ever justifie the Church of Eng∣land for orthodox in fundamentals, even in the presence of the Pope, or whomso∣ever, though with the losse of his life.

12. However,* 4.5 loth to depart was his last tune. And no wonder, if well consider∣ing, whence, and whither he went. He left a Land where he lacked nothing, but a thankfull heart to God, and a contented soul in himself. He went to a place of promise, suspicious whether ever it should be performed. He feared (not with∣out cause) he might lose his gray Head to fetch a red Hat. And an ominous in∣stance was lately set before his eyes: One Fulgentius, a Minorite, had inveighed at Venice against the Pope, and was by his Nuncio trained to Rome, on promise of safe conduct: where, being favoured, and feasted at first, soon after in the field of Flora he was burnt to ashes. This made Spalato effectually, but secretly, to deal with his friends in the English Court, that His Majesty would permit him to stay. But in vain, and therefore within the time appointed, he went over in the same ship with Count Swartzenburgh, the Emperours Ambassadour, returning hence into Flanders.

13. And now Spalato is shipped.* 4.6 A good winde, and faire weather goe after him. His sails shall not be stuffed with a blast of my curses, conceiving, that his fault was sufficient punishment. Butb 4.7 others have compared him to the house i 4.8 swept, and garnished, to which the Devil returned with seven spirits more wicked than himself. Which they thus reckon up, Avarice, Ambition, and Hypocrisie, whilst he stayed here; Apostasie, and Perjury, when going hence; Ingratitude, and Calumnie, when returned to Rome. Yea, they finde as many punishments lighting on him; God angry with him, the Devil tormenting him, his conscience corroding him, the world cursing him, the true Church disdaining him, Pro∣testant-pens confuting him, and the Pope, at last, in revenge executing him. And, now the Master hath had the just shame for his Apostasie, let the Man re∣ceive the due praise of his perseverance, one Gio Pietro Paravicino, a Grizon, who waited on Spalato in his chamber, whom neither frights nor flatteries could re∣move, but he died in Holland a firm professour of the Protestant Religion.

14. Being come to Bruxels,* 4.9* 4.10* 4.11 he recants his Religion, and rails bitterly on the English Church: calling his coming hither an unhappy, irrational, pestiferous, k 4.12 devilish voyage, to which he was moved with sickness of soule, impatience, and a kinde of phrensiel 4.13 of anger. Here he stayed six moneths for the Pope's Breve, which was long a coming, and at last was utterly denied him. Insomuch that Spalato was fain to run the hazard, and desperately adventure to Rome, having nothing in Scriptis for his security, but barely presuming on promises, and the friendship of Gregory the fifteenth, now Pope; formerly his Collegue, and chamber-fellow.

15. I finde not his promised Bishoprick conferred upon him;* 4.14 who as well might have been made Primate, and Metropolitane of Terra incognita. Yea, re∣turning to Sodome (though not turned into a pillar of salt) he became unsavoury∣salt, cared for of no side. Such a crooked-stick, which had bowed all waies, was adjudged unfit to make a beam, or raster, either in Popish, or Protestant Church. And now, what would not make timber to build, must make fewel to burn, to which end he came at last. But for some years he lived at Rome, on a pension which Pope Gregory assigned him out of his own revenues; untill there arose a new Pope, who never knew Spalato (with the least knowledge of approbation viz: Urban the eighth, brought in by the antifaction of the French. He finding his revenue charged with a pension paid to his adversary, (thrift is a floure even in the Triple Crown) prohibits the future issuing out of the same. His pension being stopped, Spalato's mouth is open, and passionately discourseth reputed heresie in severall companies.

16. There was residing at Rome,* 4.15 one Cardinal Clesel, an High Germane, be∣twixt whom, and Spalato, formerly great familiarity, whilst Clesel was the Pope's Legate de Latere, with the Emperour at Vienna, where Spalato negotiated business for the State of Venice. This Cardinal expected Spalato's applications unto him, after he was returned to Rome, which he refused, being (belike) too high in the instep, or rather too stiffe in the knees to bow to beg a kindnesse. Clesel, percei∣ving his amity made contemptible, resolved to make his enmity considerable: yet, dissembling friendship for the better opportunity of revenge, he invites Spa∣lato to supper; and, a train of discourse being laid at a liberal meal, Spalato is as free in talking, as in eating; and lets fall this expression, that (though divers had endevoured it) no Catholick had as yet answered his Books, De Republica Ecclesiastica; but adding moreover, That he himself was able to answer them. Presently his person is clapt into prison, his study seised on, wherein many pa∣pers were found speaking heresie enough, his Adversaries being admitted sole Interpreters thereof.

17. As for his death,* 4.16 some moneths after, some say he was stifled, others stran∣gled, others, stabb'd, others starv'd, others poyson'd, others smothered to death; but my intelligence from his own Kinred at Venice informs me, that he died a natural death: adding moreover, non sine praeveniente gratiâ, not without God's preventing grace; for, had his life been longer, his death had been more miser∣able. Yea, they say, the Pope sent four of his sworn Physicians, to recognize his corps, who on their oath deposed, that no impression of violence was visible thereon. How∣ever after his death, his excommunicated corps were put to publick shame, and solemnly proceeded against in the Inquisition, for relapsing into heresie since his re∣turn to Rome. His Kinred were summoned to appear for him, if they pleased, but durst not plead for a dead man, for fear of infection of the like punishment on themselves. Several Articles of heresie are charged upon him, and he found con∣vict thereof, is condemned to have his body burnt by the publick Executioner in the field of Flora, which was performed accordingly. Such honour have all Apostates.

18. We must not forget,* 4.17 that Spalato (I am confident I am not mistaken there∣in) was the first, who, professing himself a Protestant, used the word PURITANE, to signifie the defenders of matters doctrinal in the English Church. Formerly the

word was onely taken to denote such, as dissented from the Hierarchie in Disci∣pline, and Church-Government, which now was extended to brand such as were Anti-Arminians in their judgments. As Spalato first abused the word in this sense: so we could wish he had carried it away with him in his return to Rome. Whereas now leaving the word behinde him in this extensive signification there∣of, it hath since by others been improved to asperse the most orthodox in doctrine, and religious in conversation.

19. He was of a comely personage,* 4.18 tall stature, gray beard, grave counte∣nance, fair language, fluent expression, somewhat abdominous, and corpulent in his body. Of so imperious, and domineering spirit, that (as if the Tenant were the Land Lord) though a stranger, he offered to controll the Archbishop of Canterbury in his own house. An excellent Preacher (every first Sunday in the moneth to the Italian Nation at Mercers-Chappel) as his Sermon called Scopleos, or the Rocks, doth plentifully witnesse, wherein he demonstrates, That all the Errors of the Roman Church proceed from their pride and covetousness. And (under the Rose be it spoken) if the great ship of Rome split it self on these Rocks, Spalato his own pinnace madem 4.19 shipwrack of the faith on the same, which were his bosome-sins. In a word, he had too much Wit, and Learning, to be a cordial Papist; and too little Honesty, and Religion, to be a sincere Protestant.

20. About the same time three other Italians made their escape into England.* 4.20 One, Antonio (as I take it, a Capuchian) who here married a Wife, and was be∣neficed in Essex. The other two, Benedictines, living, the one with the Arch∣bishop of Canterbury; the other, with the Archbishop of Yorke. All these three were neither good dough, not good bread, but like Ephraim,n 4.21 a cake not turned, though they pretended to true conversion. The first of these, being kinne to Spi∣nola the Low-Countrey-General, was by him (on what terms I know not) trained over, and reconciled to Rome. The other two (onely racking, no thorough-paced Protestants) watched their opportunity to run away. Yet let not this breed in us a jealousie of all Italian•• Converts, seeing Vergerius, Peter Martyr, Emanuel Tre∣mellius, &c. may reconcile us to a good opinion of them, and to believe, That God hathp 4.22 a few names even in Sardis, where the Throne of the Beast is erected. And indeed Italian Converts, like Origen, where they doe well, none better; where ill, none worse.

21. All mens mouthes were now fill'd with discourse of Prince CHARLES his match with Donna MARIA the Infanta of Spaine.* 4.23 The Protestants grie∣ved thereat, fearing that this marriage would be the funeralls of their Religion: and their jealousies so descanted thereon, that they suspected, if taking effect, more water of Tiber, than Thames, would run under London-bridge. The Church••Catholicks grew insolent thereat, and such, who formerly had a Pope in their belly, shewed him now in their tongues, and faces, avouching their Re∣ligion, which they concealed before. Yet at last this Match (so probable) brake off, Heaven forbidding the Banes, even at the third, and last asking thereof.

22. Count Gondomar was the active Instrument to advance this Match,* 4.24 who so carried himself in the twilight of jest-earnest, that with his jests he pleased His MAJESTY of England, and with his earnest he pleasured his Master of Spaine. Having found out the length of King JAMES's foot, he fitted Him with so easie a shooe, which pained Him not (no, not when He was troubled with the gout) this cunning Don being able to please Him in His greatest passion. And although the Match was never effected, yet Gondomar, whilst negotiating the same, in favour to the Catholick cause, procured of His MAJESTY, the enlargement of all Priests and Jesuits through the English Dominions.

23. The actions of Princes are subject to be censured,* 4.25 even of such people who reap the greatest benefit thereby, as here it came to passe. These Jesuits, when at liberty, did not gratefully ascribe their freedome to His MAJETIE's mercy, but onely to His willingnesse, to rid and clear His gaoles over-pestered with pri∣soners:

As if His Majestie (if so minded) could not have made the gallows, the besome to sweep the gaole; and as easily have sent these prisoners from New∣gate up westward by land, as over Southward by Sea. What moved King JAMES to this lenity at this time, I neither doe know, nor will enquire. Surely, such as sit at the stern, and hold the helm, can render a reason why they steer to this or that point of the compasse, though they give not to every mariner (much lesse passenger in the ship) an account thereof. I, being onely by my place 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 a rower, or minister in the vessel, content my self in silence with the will of the Master thereof. But let us exemplifie the Lord Keeper's Letter to this purpose:

To the Judges.

AFter my hearty commendations to you: His Majesty having resolved (out of deep Reasons of State, and in expectation of the like correspondence from for∣raign Princes, to the profession of our Religion) to grant some grace, and conni∣vency to the imprisoned Papists of this Kingdome, hath commanded me to passe some Writs under the Broad Seal to this purpose: Requiring the Judges of every Circuit to enlarge the said Prisoners according to the tenour, and effect of the same. I am to give you to understand (from His Majesty) how His Majesties Royal pleasure is, that upon receipt of these Writs, you shall make no nicenesse or difficulty to extend that His Princely favour to all such Papists, as you shall finde Prisoners in the Gaols of your Circuits, for any Church Recusancy whatsoever, or refusing the Oath of Supremacy, or dispersing Popish Books, or hearing, saying of Masse, or any other point of Recusancie, which doth touch, or concern Religion only, and not matters of State. And so I bid you farewell.

Westminster-Colledge, August 2. 1622.

Your loving friend, John Lincolne.

Now although one will easily believe many Priests and Jesuits were set at liber∣ty, Yet surely thatp 5.1 Gentleman is no true accomptant, if affirming to fewer than four thousand to be set free at this time: Especially considering thatq 5.2 one, who undertakes to give in a perfect list of all the Jesuits in England (and is since con∣ceived rather to asperse some Protestants than conceal any Papists) cannot mount their number higher than two hundred twenty and five. To which, if such whom he detects for Popish Physicians, with all those whom he accuses for Popish Books, be cast in, they will not make up the tithe of four thousand.

24. However,* 5.3 most distastful was Gondomar's greatnesse to the English antient Nobility, who manifested the same, as occasion was offered, as by this one in∣stance may appear: Henry Vere Earle of Oxford, chanced to meet with Count Gondomar at a great entertainment. The Don accosted him with high Comple∣ments, vowing, That amongst all the Nobility of England there was none he had tendred his service with more sincerity than to his Lordship, though hitherto such his unhappiness, that his affections were not accepted according to his integrity who ten∣dred them. It seems (replied the Earle of Oxford) that your Lordship had good lei∣sure, when stooping in your thoughts to one so inconsiderable as my self, whose whole life hath afforded but two things memorable therein. It is your Lordships modesty (re∣turned Gondomar) to undervalue your self, whilst we, the spectators of your Honours deserts make a true and unpartiall estimate therof, Hundreds of Memorables have met in your Lordships life: But, good my Lord, what are those Two signall things more conspicuous than all the rest? They are these two (said the Earl) I was Born in the Eighty Eight, and Christned on the Fift of November.

25. Henry Copinger,* 5.4* 5.5 formerly Fellow of S. John's Coll: in Cambridge, Pre∣bendary of Yorke, once Chaplain to Ambrose Earl of Warwick, (whose funeral Sermon he preached) made Master of Magdalene Colledge in Cambridge by Her MAJESTIES Mandate (though afterwards Resigning his Right at the

Queens (shall I call it?) request to prevent trouble) ended his religious life. He was the sixth Son of Henry Copinger of Bucks-Hall in Suffolke Esquire, by Agnes, Daughter of Sir Thomas Jermyn. His Father on his death-bed, asking him what course of life be would embrace? He answered, he intended to be a Divine. I like it well, (said the old Gentleman) otherwise what shall I say to Martin Luther when I shall see him in heaven, and he knows that GOD gave me eleven Sons, and I made not one of them a Minister? An expression proportionable enough to Luther's judgement, whor 5.6 maintained some houres before his death, That the Saints in heaven shall knowingly converse one with another.

26. Laneham Living fell void,* 5.7 which both deserved a good Minister, being a rich Parsonage, and needed one, it being more than suspicious that Dr. Reinolds, late Incumbent, (who ran away to Rome) had left some superstitious leaven be∣hinde him. The Earl of Oxford, being Patrone, presents Mr. Copinger to it, but adding withall, That he would pay no Tithes of his Park, being almost half the land of the Parish. Copinger desired to resigne it again to his Lordship, rather than by such sinfull gratitude to betray the Rights of the Church. Well! if you be of that minde, then take the Tithes, (saith the Earl) I scorn that my Estate should swell with Church-goods. However, it afterwards cost Master Copinger Sixteen hundred pounds, in keeping his questioned, and recovering his detained rights, in suit with the Agent for the next [minor] E. of Oxford, and others: all which he left to his Churches quiet possession, being zealous in Gods cause, but remisse in his own.

27. He lived forty and five years the painfull Parson of Laneham,* 5.8 in which Market-Town there were about nine hundred Communicants, amongst whom, all his time, no difference did arise which he did not compound. He had a boun∣tiful hand & plentiful purse (his paternal inheritance by death of elder Brothers, and others transactions descending upon him) bequeathing Twenty pounds in money, and Ten pounds per annum to the Poor of the Parish, in the Chancell whereof he lyeth buried under a fair Monument, dying on S. Thomas his day, in the Threescore and twelfth year of his age.

28. Papists now appearing very daring;* 5.9* 5.10 a Conference, or Dispute (if you please) was entertained betwixt Doctor White, and Doctor Featley, Protestants; Father Fisher, and Father Sweete, Jesuits; on his occasion: Edward Buggs Esq. living in London, aged seventy, and a professed Protestant, was in his sicknesse seduced to the Romish Religion. But recovering, this Dispute was held at his request, in the house of Sir Humphrey Linde, a learned and religious Gentleman; about the Visibility of the Church, and the Tenents now maintained by the Prote∣stants to have been before Luther. The printed Book hereof may satisfie the Rea∣der, as this Conference did so satisfie Master Buggs, that renouncing his former wavering, he was confirmed in the Protestant-Truth.

29. Now hapned the sad Vespers,* 5.11* 5.12 or dolfull Evening-song at Black Fryers in London: Father Drury a Jesuite of excellent Morals, and ingratiating Converse, (wanting nothing, saving the embracing of the truth, to make him valuable in himself, and acceptable to others) Preached in a great upper-Room in Black-Fryers, next to the house of the French-Ambassadour, where some Three hundred persons were assembled. His Text the 18 Chap. of S. Matthew, ver. 32. O thou ungracious servant! I forgave thee all the debt because thou desiredst me, shouldst not thou also have had compassion on thy fellow servant? &c. In application whereof, he fell upon a bitter invective against the Protestants.

30. His Sermon began to incline to the middle,* 5.13* 5.14 the Day to the end thereof; when on the soddain the Flore fell down whereon they were assembled. It gave no charitable warning-groan before-hand, but crackt, brake, and fell, all in an instant. Many were killed, more bruised, all frighted; sad sight to behold the flesh and blood of different persons mingled together, and the brains of one on the head of another. One lackt a leg, another an arm; a third whole and intire wanted nothing but breath stifled in the ruines. Some Protestants coming meer∣ly to see, were made to suffer, and bare the heavy burden of their own curiosity.

About Ninety five persons were slain out-right,* 5.15* 5.16 amongst whom Mr. Drury, and Mr. Rodiat, Priests; with the Lady Webbe, were of the greatest quality. Nor must we forget, how when one comforted a Maid-childe about 10 years of age, Exhorting her to patience for her Mother and Sister. The Childe replied, That however it fared with them, this would be a great scandall to their Religion. A speech commendable in any, admirable in one of her age.

31. Yet marvellous was God's mercy in the preservation of some there pre∣sent.* 5.17 One corner of the first Flore rather hung still than stood, (without any beams) by the relative strength from the side walls, and about Twenty persons up∣on it. These beheld that Tragedy wherein instantly they expected to act, and, which was the worst, their fall would not onely kill them, but by their weight they should be the unwilling••slayers of others, which as yet laboured for life be∣neath them. It was put into their mindes with their knives (fright adding force unto them) to cut their passage out of a lome-wall into the next chamber, whereby their lives were preserved. Of those that fell, one was kept alive (though im∣braced by death on either side) a chair falling hollow upon her. Thus any arms are of proof, if Divine Providence be but pleased to put them on.

32. Next day was Impannelled a Coroner's Inquest of substantial Citizens to inquire into the cause and manner of their death.* 5.18 These found it done neither by miracle nor malice, no plot or indirect practice appearing (as some no lesse falsly, than maliciously gave it out) the Roof standing, Side-wall sound, Foundation firm, onely the Flore broken by God's wisdome permitting it; and their own folly occasioning it. Nor could the Carpenter be justly accused for slight and unfaithfull building, making it substantial enough for any private purpose, and none could foresee that they would bring a Church into a Chamber. Twenty of the poorer sort were buried hard by in one Grave, and the rest bestowed by their friends in severall places of Sepulture.

33. The sad death of these persons,* 5.19 the Object of Pity to all good and wise men, was the Subject of Envy to some, so sillily superstitious, as to repine at it, That they had not a share in this slaughter. On this accompt, because the Priest or Clerk after every Masse in the City of London, solemnly invited the people pre∣sent with a loud voice to say, Three Pater noster's, and three Ave Maria's for the souls of such as died in Black-Friers. Particularly one Parker* 5.20 who narrowly escaped the danger there, professed, That nothing grieved him more but that he had not been one of those that died by the aforesaid mischance. But see what hapned, this man going over to Doway to take Priestly Orders the week following, was drowned in his passage: Thus wild-wishes for death, prove sometimes such Guests as come home to the Inviters before they be welcome unto them.

34. This accident fell on Sunday, the 26 of October, which according to the new style observed beyond-sea (having the speed of ours by ten daies) fell upon their fifth of November: a day notoriously known in the Popish Calendar. Whereupon, Master Edward Benlowes, a Religious and Learned Gentleman, no small Promoter of my former and present Labours, thus expressed himself:

Quinta Novembris eat, Graias orsura Calendas; Sit quocun{que} Stilo, quinta Novembris eat. Illa Dies Letho BRITONUM devoverat Aulam; Letho Devotam sospitat illa dies. Ista dies duxit Sacra ad Miseranda Misellos; Adductos Sacris sustulit ista dies. Lapsa repentè domus vos irâ atroce peremit, Quêis fuit irâ atrox lapsa repentè Domus.

Drurie, cum Cerebro conspergis Pulpita vano, Dum spargis Cerebri Phasmata vana tui, Trabe peremptus obis, qui Lignea vivus adoras, Lignea vivus ades, Trabe peremptus obis; Ligna, Lapís{que}, manus in foedera dantia, mactant Hos, quibus in sacra sunt foedera Ligna, Lapis Quêis Crux coeca Deus (tenebrosa Magistra) colentes In tenebras Coecos coeca Magistra rapit. Ah! erit Exemplum cui non hoc triste timori, Tristis hic Exemplum triste timoris erit.

Haec (Romista cave) Domus unâ ut corruit horâ, Vnâ sic horâ Roma, caveto, Ruet.

I have nothing else to adde of this sad disaster,* 5.21 save that the news thereof next Monday-morning, October the 27, was fresh in every mans mouth in His MA∣JESTIE's Chappell in White-Hall; at what time the 13 Chap. of S. Luke's Gospel was read for the Lesson appointed for the day by the Rubrick of the Church of England: Wherein neer the beginning, Or those eighteen upon whom the Tower of Shilo fell and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Hierusalem? I tell you nay: but except you repent, ye shall likewise perish.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Ann. Reg.
• * 1.2

  Ann. Dom.
• * 2.1

  ••ide supra, pag. 71. sect. 45.
• * 2.2

  Ja. 20
• * 2.3

  1622.
• * 2.4

  The causes of Spalato's com∣ing over.
• a 2.5

  In his Book called Confilium Proscotionis, pag. 15, 16, 17.
• b 2.6

  Ibid. pag. 34.
• c 2.7

  Ibid. pag. 76.
• * 2.8

  His b••untifull entertainment.
• * 2.9

  He is richly preferred by K. James.
• * 2.10

  Mr. Caesar Ca∣lendrine Mini∣ster of the Dutch Church.
• * 2.11

  His great ava∣••ice.
• d 2.12

  In 〈◊〉〈◊〉 lib. 1. De Repub. E••l. num. 6.
• e 2.13

  •• or pri pag. 191.
• * 2.14

  Ann. Reg. Ja 20
• * 2.15

  Ann. Dom. 1622.
• * 2.16

  Another in∣stance of his ungratefull covetousness.
• * 2.17

  His learned Writings a∣gainst Romish errour.
• f 2.18

  Dan. 12. 4.
• g 2.19

  In ••ectione, me∣ditatione, & scriptione p••ne marcesco. Resp. Archiepis. Spal. Feb. 11. ad Ar∣tic. 3. 1622.—
• * 2.20

  The jeerer jee∣red.
• * 2.21

  Spalato his hy∣pocrisie disco∣vered.
• * 2.22

  Ann. Dom. 1622.
• * 2.23

  Ann. Regis. Ja. 20
• * 2.24

  He is incensed ••••th a repulse.
• * 3.1

  Ann. Reg. Ja. 19
• * 3.2

  Ann. Dom. 1621
• * 3.3

  Jan. 16.
• * 3.4

  21.
• * 3.5

  31.
• * 3.6

  Reasons plea∣ded for his re∣turn.
• * 3.7

  Spalato's second Letter to King James.
• * 4.1

  viz. That the King had em∣ployed Spalato to the Pope, to make a recon∣ciliation be∣twixt us and Rome.
• * 4.2

  Feb. 3.
• * 4.3

  1622.
• * 4.4

  Mar. 30.
• * 4.5

  Desires in vain still to stay.
• * 4.6

  Departeth to Rome.
• b 4.7

  Dr. Barkham in his Dedica∣tory Epistle to King James.
• i 4.8

  Mat. 12. 44.
• * 4.9

  Ann. Reg. Ja. 20
• * 4.10

  Ann. Dom. 1622.
• * 4.11

  Retu••ns to his railing vomit.
• k 4.12

  In his Book, call'd, Cencilium Reditus, pag. 9.
• l 4.13

  Ibid. pag. 5.
• * 4.14

  Lives at Rome not loved, and di••s unlamen∣ted.
• * 4.15

  Cardinal Cle∣sel's neglected friendship de∣structive to Spalato.
• * 4.16

  Sp••lato's body burnt after his death.
• * 4.17

  The word Pu∣ritane how first abused by Spalato.
• * 4.18

  His unpartial character.
• m 4.19

  1 Tim. 1. 19.
• * 4.20

  Three other Italian juglers.
• n 4.21

  Hos. 7. 8.
• p 4.22

  Revel. 3. 4.
• * 4.23

  The Spanish Match the dis∣course general.
• * 4.24

  Gondoma•• pro∣cures the in∣largment of all Iesu••s.
• * 4.25

  A malicious Comment on a mercifull Text.
• p 5.1

  Mr. Pr•••• in loc.
• q 5.2

  Jo Gee in his Foot out of the snare.
• * 5.3

  Bitter Comple∣ments betwixt Gondomar and the Earl of Oxford.
• * 5.4

  Dec. 21.
• * 5.5

  The death of Master Henry C••pinger.
• r 5.6

  Pantalcon de Illustribus Ger∣maniae in Vitae Lutheri. p. 82.—
• * 5.7

  A free Patrone, and faithfull Incumbent well met.
• * 5.8

  His long and good life.
• * 5.9

  A Conference with Iesuits.
• * 5.10

  Dec. 21.
• * 5.11

  The fat••l Ve∣spers at Black-Fryers.
• * 5.12

  Octob. 26.
• * 5.13

  Death without giving any warning.
• * 5.14

  1623.
• * 5.15

  Ann. Reg. Ja. 21
• * 5.16

  Ann. Dom. 1623.
• * 5.17

  •• will sing of m••rcy and justice.
• * 5.18

  A fair and true verdict.
• * 5.19

  Beware wilde∣wishes.
• * 5.20

  Jo. Gee in his Book called the Foot out of the snare.
• * 5.21

  A Caveat to Rome.